CN100366765C - Method and apparatus for calcining mineral materials difficult to be treated - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for calcining mineral materials difficult to be treated Download PDFInfo
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- CN100366765C CN100366765C CNB2006100444883A CN200610044488A CN100366765C CN 100366765 C CN100366765 C CN 100366765C CN B2006100444883 A CNB2006100444883 A CN B2006100444883A CN 200610044488 A CN200610044488 A CN 200610044488A CN 100366765 C CN100366765 C CN 100366765C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for calcining intractable mineral materials and equipment thereof. The method comprises the following procedures: the mineral materials are put into calcining tubes of a calcining furnace; the calcining tubes are heated by adopting fuels, such as coal, coal gas, etc., or by utilizing heat exchange of residual heat, and the temperature in the tubes is of 400 to 1150DEG C; the calcining tubes rotate continuously or intermittently to stir the mineral materials; the calcining cycle is of 1.0 to 5.0 hours. A multi-tube horizontal type calcining furnace of the equipment comprises a material feeder 1, a fume collecting hood 2, a chimney 3, an assembled cuboid furnace body 4, a cloth bag dust remover 5, a leaching dust removing tower 6, a material receiving device 7, a fuel adding device 10, a fuel discharging device 11, a draught fan 12, etc. A plurality of horizontally and parallelly arranged calcining tubes are arranged in a furnace body, and the ratio of the length to the diameter of each calcining tube is (2 to 15): 1. The method and the equipment which are adopted can treat various intractable mineral materials. The present invention has the advantages of no production pollution, selective calcination and edulcoration, favorable calcination effect, high yield, low cost and easy operation.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to mineral material flotation and metallurgy method and equipment, particularly the roasting method of mineral material and equipment.
Two, background technology
Along with the reducing day by day of Mineral resources, the continuous decline of primary ore grade and the continuous enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, development and use refractory ore, from ore dressing metallurgical production byproduct and difficultly accumulate that comprehensively recovering valuable metal more and more is much accounted of the material.The method of metal and valuable mineral adopts the method for smelting after the first roasting more in recovery refractory ore and the difficult material at present, the method that existing roasting method generally all adopts mineral material and fuel directly to contact, major equipment comprises multiple hearth furnace, fluidizing furnace, the circulation fluidizing furnace, flash roaster etc., because the time that material stops in the roasting flow process is short, cause removal of impurities not thorough, influence the subsequent smelting operation, and if the residence time that prolongs in stove roasting is carried out continuously, it is combustion-supporting then need to add the special fuel insulation, production cost is greatly risen, so be difficult to low-sulfur, high carbonate minerals and high arsenic, high antimony, the carbon slag of high charcoal mineral and refining process output, the sulphur slag, the roasting of mineral material such as scoria; Although rotary kiln can solid sulphur when mineral material such as the carbon slag of roasting refractory ore and refining process output, sulphur slag, scoria, solid arsenic, can remove impurity such as desulfuration, arsenic, antimony, charcoal, but the throughput of FU volume is low, because of fuel and mixing of materials, make flue dust, exhaust gas volumn big, gather dust and the off gas treatment weak effect, have production cost height, heavy-polluted defective.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide pollution-free, the alternative roasting removal of impurities of a kind of production, roasting effect is good, output is high, the low easy-operating sinter process of cost and equipment.
For reaching above purpose, the roasting method that the present invention adopts is: the mineral material is placed in the roasting pipe that many of stoving ovens are parallel to each other, roasted ore material and fuel are separated, adopt coal, fuel such as coal gas or utilize waste heat to carry out heat exchange to add the thermal bake-out pipe, normal pressure pipe internal pressure down is basic identical with pipe outer air pressure, the flue gas of combustion inner pipe is overflowed in the upper tube half pipe, the outer air of pipe is outside the lower tube half pipe in the tail pipe, form flue gas and air convection current natural ventilation in the roasting pipe, to manage interior temperature by adjusting wind supply quantity and amount of fuel addition and be controlled at 400～1150 ℃, rotate the roasting pipe continuously or intermittently to realize the even stirring of roasted ore material, firing cycle is generally at 1.0～5.0h, become finished product or work in-process after mineral material in the roasting pipe finishes through roasting working cycle, or become calcining and enter water quenching pool, after shrend, enter down the metallurgical operation in road and reclaim valuable metal or valuable mineral; Collect with sack cleaner with the fine granule material of gas evolution and the flue dust that in pipe, produces during uniform spreading during dress low temperature mineral material and return roasting, gas emptying after the dust separating flue gas of sack cleaner passes through the eluting column dedusting again, washing water returns water quenching pool.
The roasting apparatus that the present invention adopts is the horizontal stoving oven of multitube, it by material feeder, smoke collection cover, chimney, body of heater, sack cleaner, drip washing gas wash tower, receiver, refuel device, go out fuel-device and induced draft fan etc. and form, body of heater is horizontal rectangular parallelepiped, be provided with the many horizontal roasting pipes that are arranged in parallel in the body of heater, roasting pipe length-to-diameter ratio is 2～15: 1, chimney is positioned at upper of furnace body central authorities, smoke collection cover is located at the body of heater top, its inlet covers body of heater and imports and exports two ends, outlet is connected with sack cleaner, and sack cleaner successively connects induced draft fan and drip washing gas wash tower.
Needs according to processing mineral material also are being provided with water quenching pool near the body of heater exit end, and the drip washing gas wash tower has pipeline to pass to water quenching pool.
Described body of heater is assembled by assembly.
Adopt technique scheme, have following effect:
(1), can be according to the difference of feedstock property, selective oxidation roasting or sulfurization roasting Gu sulphur, solid arsenic removes impurity such as desulfuration, arsenic, antimony, charcoal, also can be selected other roasting modes.
(2), heating fuel can adopt the normal cellular coal, production cost is low, also can adopt coal gas etc., or utilizes the waste heat heat exchange to heat.
(3), controllable maturing temperature wide ranges, it is more to make present technique be used for the kind of roasting refractory ore material.
(4), the horizontal stoving oven day output of multitube is big.
(5), the furnace gas amount is about 1/10～1/16 of rotary kiln, reverberatory furnace during roasting, few, the no fine of fume amount is pulled away.
(6), the horizontal stoving oven of multitube compares with rotary kiln, the utilized area in the body of heater unit volume is big, roasting efficient height.
(7), interpolation, stirring and the eliminating of mineral material, the interpolation of fuel and eliminating all can be according to the Fully-mechanized method of different choice or the manual methods of the size of day output and equipment.
(8), adopt above method and apparatus that the golden difficult material that contains that accumulates in Zijin Mining-Industry Group Corp.'s production is carried out the industrialness roasting test, Gu sulphur, solid arsenic, to take off charcoal effective, from calcining, extract valuable metal and obtained the better economic technical indicator.
(9), the horizontal stoving oven of multitube is simple in structure, is easy to make, and is convenient to resettlement by the body of heater that assembly assembles, the roasting pipe is easy to change; According to the different properties of raw material, can use the roasting pipe of different structure and material.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the roasting method of refractory ore material of the present invention and the horizontal roasting apparatus of multitube of equipment are got in touch synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal stoving oven body of heater of the multitube schematic side view of the roasting method and the equipment of refractory ore material of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: the present invention has accumulated in Zijin Mining-Industry Group Corp. produces contains the industrialness roasting test that golden difficult material carries out.
The roasting method of refractory ore material of the present invention illustrated in figures 1 and 2 and the horizontal stoving oven of the multitube of equipment by material feeder 1, smoke collection cover 2, chimney 3, body of heater 4, sack cleaner 5, drip washing gas wash tower 6, receiver 7, water quenching pool 8, refuel device 10, go out fuel-device 11 and induced draft fan 12 etc. and form, the horizontal rectangular parallelepiped of body of heater 4 for assembling, in establish 60 horizontal roasting pipes 9 that are arranged in parallel, the roasting pipe range is that 2m, bore are 0.19m, and total useful volume of roasting pipe is 2.76m
3Chimney is positioned at upper of furnace body central authorities, and smoke collection cover is located at the body of heater top, and its inlet covers body of heater and imports and exports two ends, and outlet is connected with sack cleaner, and sack cleaner successively connects induced draft fan and drip washing gas wash tower, has pipeline to pass to water quenching pool at the bottom of the drip washing gas wash tower.
1, property of raw material: raw material is made up of particulate charcoal, charcoal end and thin three kinds of materials of mud, wherein the particulate charcoal be by year golden carbon granule and degold carbon granule from CIL charcoal soaking technology flow process, screen out less than 20 orders or 40 purpose particulate charcoals, account for 40% of raw material total amount; The charcoal end is to carry golden charcoal and the degold charcoal produces in desorption and regeneration is produced, and be deposited in the settling tank, and-200 orders that contain a certain amount of sludge accounts for 90% material, accounts for 10% of raw material total amount; Thin mud is to be difficult to the micro-fine-grained gold that suspends in sedimentary microfine charcoal end, lean electrolyte and the electrolysis production add polymerize aluminum chloride (contain 30%Al under stirring action mutually
2O
3), medicament such as polyacrylamide and lime and the thin mud that forms, material-200 order accounts for 94%, accounts for 50% of raw material total amount; The mineral formation comprises that gac, rhombohedral iron ore, limonite, sericite, particle diameter are monomer gold and golden alloying pellet, calcite and the silicate clay etc. of 0.15～0.001mm.These contain golden difficult material has only earlier by roasting, utilizes cyaniding and other hydrometallurgy gold extracting methods could realize fully utilizing again after making the charcoal ashing.
2, fuel
Adopt civil honeycomb briquette, the composition of coal is not had particular requirement, it is 65% that honeycomb briquette contains the coal amount, and it is about 293kg/t that pure coal is consumed in a ton ore deposit.
3, working method and technical parameter
(1), atmosphere in the pipe: atmosphere is handled the raw material of sulfur-bearing, arsenic, high charcoal by the character decision of various impurity in the roasting pipe, reacts and could carry out as soon as possible under, the competent condition of oxygen higher in furnace temperature.
(2), temperature in the pipe: temperature is controlled by the needed maturing temperature of roasting raw material in the pipe.Temperature is too high will to cause that material is softening, caking, parcel, to operation, take off assorted, reclaim valuable metal and fuel consumption all has disadvantageous effect, rule of thumb temperature generally is controlled at 650～700 ℃, the highlyest is no more than 800 ℃ and is advisable.Temperature is by wind supply quantity, and the each addition that contains coal amount, honeycomb briquette of honeycomb briquette and the interpolation number of times of every day are controlled.
(3), pipe internal pressure: the pipe internal pressure is basic identical with pipe outer air pressure, and the flue gas of combustion inner pipe is overflowed in the upper tube half pipe, and the outer air of pipe in the tail pipe, forms the convection current ventilation in the roasting pipe of flue gas and air outside the lower tube half pipe.
(4), raw material stirring: intermittently rotate the roasting pipe the interior raw material of pipe is rotated thereupon, to realize continuously best uniformly the stirring, generally once every rotation in 15 minutes.
(5), firing cycle: with material composition, the number of revolutions of the specification of stoving oven, roasting tube shape and roasting pipe, the difference of heat supply, temperature-stable degree and difference, be 4.5～5.0h the roasting working cycle of charcoal end of Zijin Mining-Industry Group Corp. and thin mud; Roasting time is long more, and removal of impurities is thorough more, but overstand can reduce the throughput of stoving oven, increases production cost.
(6), calcining and flue dust.Become calcining after raw material in the roasting pipe finishes through roasting working cycle,, therefore adopt the method for hydrometallurgy to extract valuable metal gold and silver-colored more calcining because the metallic sulfide in the raw material has become metal sulfate or metal oxide after roasting; The flue dust that sack cleaner 5 is collected returns roasting, gas emptying behind drip washing gas wash tower 6, and washing water returns water quenching pool.
4, test effect
(1), extracts the technico-economical comparison of gold and silver: 1. technical indicator.Calcining leaches the static charcoal absorption of your liquid through cyaniding--the hydrometallurgical process of cyanogen slag hydrochloric acid and nitric acid leaching CIL charcoal soaking technology, the leaching yield 99.84% of charcoal end gold, the leaching yield 98.90% of silver; The leaching yield 97.07% of thin golden paint, the leaching yield 76.25% of silver.Because lean electrolyte, absorption lean solution, filtrate cycle are used, so leaching yield can be known and is total yield.2. production cost.210 yuan/ton of raw material roasting operating costs, cyaniding leach 41 yuan/ton of the static charcoal adsorption operation of your liquid costs, and cyanogen slag hydrochloric acid and nitric acid leach the CIL charcoal and soaks 162 yuan/ton of operating costs, 413 yuan/ton of total costs of production.3. economic benefit.Easily the gold that reclaims adopts cyaniding to leach the static charcoal absorbing process extraction of your liquid, the difficult gold that reclaims adopts cyanogen slag hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to leach CIL charcoal soaking technology and extracts, make and carry golden total yield and reach 97.07～99.84%, final tailings weight reduces to 30～50%, the tailings grade is less than 5 gram/tons, can reach and dump requirement, remarkable in economical benefits.
As seen, utilize the horizontal stoving oven of multitube to accumulate in producing to contain the industrialness baked for producing that golden difficult material carries out be successful; Gu sulphur, solid arsenic, impurity such as carbon removal extract valuable metal and have obtained the better economic technical indicator from calcining.
Embodiment 2: adopt the horizontal stoving oven of multitube to carry out the calcining of Coaseries kaolin
The horizontal stoving oven of multitube that adopts by material feeder, smoke collection cover, chimney, body of heater, sack cleaner, drip washing gas wash tower, receiver, refuel device, go out fuel-device and induced draft fan etc. and form, body of heater is the horizontal rectangular parallelepiped that assembles, in establish the many horizontal roasting pipes that are arranged in parallel, roasting pipe length-to-diameter ratio is 2～15: 1; Chimney is positioned at upper of furnace body central authorities, and smoke collection cover is located at the body of heater top, and its inlet covers body of heater and imports and exports two ends, and outlet is connected with sack cleaner, and sack cleaner successively connects induced draft fan and drip washing gas wash tower.
The main chemical compositions of Coaseries kaolin is SiO
249.32%, AI
2O
328.35%, and a small amount of carbonaceous and organic matter, mistake rate 18.36% burnt.Therefore carbonaceous filling gluing wherein removes carbonaceous and organicly needs certain lasting calcining temperature time between the kaolin ore composition granule and the surface, could obtain the product of higher whiteness, the product and the higher chemically active product of recrystallization.Dehydration and structural changes take place in calcination process, Coaseries kaolin in calcination process because the calcining temperature difference, the thing of product is also different with characteristic mutually, cause the Application Areas of product also different, calcining temperature is the key factor of decision product performance, along with the increase of temperature, the decreasing ratio of carbonaceous, organic matter, sulphur and whiteness increase.
Adopt the horizontal stoving oven of multitube to calcine, material size was calcined 4 hours less than 2 microns, adopted fire coal or heat exchange heat supply.When temperature when 700 ℃ are increased to 900 ℃, whiteness increases considerably, whiteness increases less more than 900 ℃.During 900 ℃ of calcining temperatures, whiteness 90.49, specific capacity 3t/m
3.d, desulfurization degree 97.09% takes off charcoal rate 98%.
Embodiment 3: the horizontal stoving oven of multitube is applied to ion dust mud contaning production red iron oxide
Ion dust mud contaning is the solid waste that iron and steel enterprise produces in process of production, China produces about 1,600 ten thousand tons in year, it is returned the main method that sintering is China's comprehensive utilization, but owing to ion dust mud contaning fine size, composition instability, Returning process is unfavorable for producing, easily cause the pollution once more of dirt mud, therefore to rationally utilizing ion dust mud contaning to propose following test result efficiently.At first adopt the method for magnetic separation flotation gravity treatment and associating thereof to carry out the enrichment removal of impurities to ion dust mud contaning, dry oxidation roasting acquisition quality oxide iron oxide red (contains F then
E2O
3More than 98%).
The horizontal roasting apparatus of multitube adopts fire coal or heat exchange heat supply with embodiment 2, and material size is less than 4 μ m, and the roasting in stove of 700 ℃～800 ℃ of maturing temperatures, material stopped 2 hours, contained F
E2O
3More than 98%, specific capacity 5.2t/m
3.d.
Claims (4)
1. the roasting method of a refractory ore material, the mineral material is put into stoving oven add thermal bake-out, by regulating wind supply quantity and amount of fuel addition control maturing temperature, calcination fume is collected with sack cleaner and is returned roasting, gas emptying after the dust separating flue gas of sack cleaner passes through the eluting column dedusting again, washing water returns water quenching pool, becomes finished product or work in-process after the roasting of mineral material finishes, or becomes calcining and enter water quenching pool, enter down the metallurgical operation in road reclaim valuable metal or valuable mineral after shrend; It is characterized in that: it is the roasting pipe that places many of stoving ovens to be parallel to each other in the mineral material that described mineral material is put into stoving oven, roasted ore material and fuel are separated, adopt coal, coal gas fuel or utilize the heat exchange of waste heat to add the thermal bake-out pipe, to manage interior temperature by adjusting wind supply quantity and amount of fuel addition and be controlled at 400～1150 ℃, rotate the roasting pipe with even stirring roasted ore material, firing cycle 1.0～5.0h continuously or intermittently.
2. realize the equipment of the roasting method of the described refractory ore material of claim 1, it is the horizontal stoving oven of a kind of multitube, comprise material feeder (1), smoke collection cover (2), chimney (3), body of heater (4), sack cleaner (5), drip washing gas wash tower (6), receiver (7), refuel device (10), go out fuel-device (11) and induced draft fan (12), chimney (3) is positioned at body of heater (4) center of top, smoke collection cover (2) is located at the furnace roof top, its inlet covers body of heater and imports and exports two ends, outlet is connected with sack cleaner (5), and sack cleaner (5) successively connects induced draft fan (12) and drip washing gas wash tower (6); It is characterized in that: described body of heater (4) is horizontal rectangular parallelepiped, is provided with the many horizontal roasting pipes (9) that are arranged in parallel in the body of heater (4), and roasting pipe (9) length-to-diameter ratio is 2～15: 1.
3. according to the equipment of the roasting method of the described realization refractory ore of claim 2 material, it is characterized in that: body of heater (4) exit end also is provided with water quenching pool (8), and drip washing gas wash tower (6) has pipeline to pass to water quenching pool (8).
4. according to the equipment of the roasting method of claim 2 or 3 described realization refractory ore materials, it is characterized in that: the body of heater (4) of the horizontal stoving oven of described multitube is assembled by assembly.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102876884A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-16 | 山阳秦金矿业有限公司 | Beneficiation method for high-carbon fine particle embedded gold ore |
| CN105039723B (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-04-05 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of flying dust vanadium extraction after baking device and the CFB boiler system using the device |
| CN107746961B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-12-03 | 黄可忠 | A method of recycling antimony from antimony slag |
| CN111288807B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-08-10 | 株洲弗拉德科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional type high temperature continuous heat treatment production system environment-friendly device |
| CN113512643A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-19 | 内蒙古金陶股份有限公司 | Method for recovering gold from gold-loaded carbon |
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| CN2126652Y (en) * | 1992-03-28 | 1993-01-27 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | High-temp radiation oven for heating powdery material |
| CN2295180Y (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-10-21 | 滕先第 | Detachable-heat-tube indirectly-heated chloridizing roasting furnace |
| WO2002049964A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-27 | Austpac Resources Nl | Production of synthetic rutile by continuous leaching |
| CN1733944A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2006-02-15 | 吉林省杉松岗矿业集团复森海绵铁有限公司 | Sponge iron production method |
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2006
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2126652Y (en) * | 1992-03-28 | 1993-01-27 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | High-temp radiation oven for heating powdery material |
| CN2295180Y (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-10-21 | 滕先第 | Detachable-heat-tube indirectly-heated chloridizing roasting furnace |
| WO2002049964A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-27 | Austpac Resources Nl | Production of synthetic rutile by continuous leaching |
| CN1733944A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2006-02-15 | 吉林省杉松岗矿业集团复森海绵铁有限公司 | Sponge iron production method |
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| 低品位铜精矿的加盐焙烧. 许孙曲.有色冶金，第2期. 1991 * |
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