CN100366463C

CN100366463C - Forward view apparatus for motor vehicles

Info

Publication number: CN100366463C
Application number: CNB2004800099384A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 克雷格·哈特·麦克杜格尔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-02-13
Filing date: 2004-02-12
Publication date: 2008-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-12
Also published as: CN1774355A; AU2003900638A0; ZA200506466B

Abstract

Forward view apparatus (10) for a motor vehicle, to enable the driver of the vehicle to view an image of objects which are located forward of the apparatus (10), includes a housing (12) in which a rear view mirror (14) is located. A two-mirror arrangement (20, 24) within the housing (12) provides an image of objects forward of the assembly (10) in a viewing portal (16). The first mirror (20) is planar and adjustable. A second mirror (24) is fixed and has a curved reflecting surface. The reflecting surface of the fixed mirror (24) is aspheric, spherical, substantially spherical, parabolic or quasi-parabolic. A window (26) is provided on the forward side of the housing (12), to enable light to pass to the two-mirror arrangement (20, 24). A shutter means to limit light reaching the apparatus (10) and means for removing water and other material from the window (26) are also disclosed.

Description

Be used for the forward view apparatus on the self-propelled vehicle

Technical field

The present invention relates to forward view apparatus, refer more particularly to and be used for for example forward view apparatus on the self-propelled vehicle of the vehicle.

Background technology

It is said that when the chaufeur of self-propelled vehicle travelled, always there were two or three cars his front in wagon flow.This just means that chaufeur should observe two or three automobiles that are positioned at its place ahead forward, the variation that just can the other side makes progress of chaufeur is reacted like this, perhaps even more important velocity variations is reacted, rather than wait for that being positioned at his or she vehicle in the place ahead makes such variation.

But, under present traffic conditions, for example in Australian city, the place ahead have drive under two or three cars more and more difficult because chaufeur can not be seen the vehicle that is positioned at its vehicle front usually.Now, many vehicles all are provided with the very dark window of color, so just are difficult to maybe to pass automobile or este wagon and see the vehicle that is positioned at its place ahead.In addition, also have many trucies, lorry, " body not busy car " of four wheel drive especially, they or do not have window, perhaps have the very dark window of color, perhaps these cars speed of travelling is very fast, observe to such an extent as to chaufeur can not see through them at all.

The someone is attempting providing some to be used for mechanism on the front-view mirror, so that can make chaufeur see being positioned at just the situation of other vehicle periphery of chaufeur place vehicle front.US-A-4685779, except this problem is made brief description in the background of invention of its specification sheets part and to 1986 before prior art make the brief description, a kind of baroque compound type front-view mirror and rearview mirror assemblies are also disclosed, this assembly is provided with three mirrors in two main elements, one of them parts is connected with the car door of automobile, and another mirror is connected with first main element by connecting rod.

US-A-4268120 discloses a kind of front-view mirror, and this front-view mirror is adapted to be mounted within on the automobile and is positioned at that side relative with chaufeur, has so just eliminated " dead angle ".Fig. 3 of US-A-4268120 shows a kind of mechanism that is made up of two mirrors, and this mechanism is used for entering into the chaufeur that light in the housing is guided automobile into passing transparent housing.

Although there is this notional front-view mirror, US-A-4 for example, 685,779 and the disclosed example of US-A-4268120, present self-propelled vehicle still is not equipped with front-view mirror.

NMRA insurance company is Australian one tame insurance company, the said firm has released " World First Reversing Visibility Index " on October 31st, 2002, this index is that the result of a measurement according to the visbility that is positioned at the automobile driver seat beyond the automobile rear draws.Many tested vehicles all have a lot of blind spots at the rear of vehicle.In the media report of this index, the someone advises: a kind of method that overcomes the blind spot problem just is at the rear portion of vehicle a pick up camera that points to the rear to be installed, and this pick up camera can be connected with a small LCD screen that is arranged in the inside rear view mirror.But the cost of this device allegedly is about 1500 dollars.Except two pick up cameras that lay respectively at the automobile both sides and two screens preferably were set, the expense of this number can be applicable to forward view apparatus on the whole.

Cost is doubled, and for most people, this price is simply too high.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, actv. self-propelled vehicle forward view apparatus.

In first aspect, the invention provides a kind of forward view apparatus that is used on the self-propelled vehicle, this device provides an image, this image is from a position that is positioned at described assembly the place ahead, described image can be arrived by the driver's observation of described vehicle, it is characterized in that: described device comprises a mechanism that is made of two catadioptres, has first plane mirror and the second curve catadioptre, and wherein said curve catadioptre is fixed in the described mechanism and is unadjustable.。

Preferably, described first catadioptre is adjustable.

The present invention also is provided for the forward view apparatus on the self-propelled vehicle, this device provides an image, this image is from the position that is positioned at described assembly the place ahead, described image can be seen by the chaufeur of described vehicle, it is characterized in that: light passes window and is reflexed to the eyes of automobile driver by a porthole by the described mechanism that is made of two catadioptres from a position that is positioned at this parts the place ahead, and described porthole is arranged on the inboard of described mechanism.

The present invention also provides a kind of forward view apparatus that is used on the self-propelled vehicle, this device provides an image, this image is from the position that is positioned at described assembly the place ahead, described image can be seen by the chaufeur of described vehicle, it is characterized in that: described device is provided with and is suitable for baffle component mobile between off position and open position, on described off position, light can not arrive described device; On described open position, light can arrive described device.

The present invention also provides a kind of forward view apparatus that is used on the self-propelled vehicle, this device provides an image, this image is from the position that is positioned at described assembly the place ahead, described image can be seen by the chaufeur of described vehicle, it is characterized in that: when described automobile to overtake the time, have a mechanism on described window, to produce air-flow, with remove anhydrate and/or other material and/or anti-sealing and/or other material attached on the described window.

Description of drawings

Below with reference to accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, wherein:

Fig. 1 is for looking before the cutaway view of first embodiment of assembly according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the end view of assembly shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the front elevation of assembly shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the back view of assembly shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 5 is for looking before the cutaway view of second embodiment of assembly according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the front elevation of embodiment shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is the back view of embodiment shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 8 is the cutaway view according to third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is the front elevation of mechanism shown in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is the back view of mechanism shown in Figure 8;

Figure 11 is the view according to an exemplary window of the present invention;

Figure 12 is for looking before the back view of first embodiment of assembly according to the present invention;

Figure 13 is the front elevation of assembly shown in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the cutaway view along the hatching 14-14 among Fig. 1;

Figure 15 is the back view according to the forward sight parts of second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 16 is the front elevation of assembly shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is the cutaway view along the hatching 17-17 among Figure 16;

Figure 18 is the back view of forward sight assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 19 is the cutaway view along the hatching A-A among Figure 18;

Figure 20 is the lateral plan of assembly shown in Figure 180;

Figure 21 is a scheme drawing, there is shown the angle between two catadioptres in the assembly shown in Figure 180;

Figure 22 is the planar view of one of them catadioptre of assembly shown in Figure 180;

Figure 23 is the planar view of another catadioptre of assembly shown in Figure 180;

Figure 24 is the front elevation of another embodiment of the rearview mirror assemblies according to the present invention;

Figure 25 is the lateral plan of assembly shown in Figure 24;

Figure 26 is the back view of the assembly shown in Figure 24 and 25.

The specific embodiment

The right side view of view apparatus 10 before these accompanying drawings show according to the present invention, this forward view apparatus is suitable for being arranged on the self-propelled vehicle (not shown) and is installed on the position at traditional rear-view mirror place, but it must be understood that: this assembly or its mirror image assembly (about a straight line that extends to the rear portion from automotive front) can be set on leftward position.Should also be appreciated that: the mirror image assembly both had been applicable to the vehicle of left handle drive, also was applicable on the vehicle of right hand drive.

In the accompanying drawings, the forward view apparatus 10 on right side comprises a shell 12, this shell on the whole can be close with existing back mirror shell, and this shell that is used on the mirror mechanism is made of plastics and cup-shaped usually, and back mirror 14 just is installed in this cup-like portion.

By above-mentioned explanation, be appreciated that term " the place ahead " has identical connotation with the front portion of automobile, assembly of the present invention can be connected on the front portion of automobile, and term " rear " has identical connotation with the rear portion of this automobile.

Shell 12 is preferred to be fit to link together with the main body of the automobile of right hand drive, and wherein this main body is positioned at the front portion of driver door just, but also it can be installed on any suitable position.This shell 12 accommodates first catadioptre or like 14 at its rear portion, this catadioptre is a traditional back mirror preferably, and chaufeur can utilize it to observe to the rear portion of automobile.Certainly, the image in the catadioptre is opposite.

Now specifically referring to figs. 1 through 4, should be noted that: the section of Fig. 1 is to make along the hatching A-A among Fig. 4.In this embodiment, mirror body 10 preferably can be installed on the detouchable swivel point.This mechanism 10 is independently integral units, and this unit and work stall are every certain distance, and the air-flow that is produced by the motion of automobile so just can flow through between automobile and this mechanism.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, be provided with a forward vision areas 16, when chaufeur need stride across an automobile that is positioned at its place ahead of driving just and observes a vehicle before being positioned at this front portion vehicle forward, he or she can see a front elevation picture in this zone 16, wherein should the front portion vehicle just be positioned at the place ahead that chaufeur is driven.Mouthfuls 16 are preferably such opening: chaufeur can be seen by this opening and passes the light of described assembly 10 from the automotive front process.

In this embodiment, preceding viewport 16 is arranged on the side of shell 12 outside this mechanism 10, and simultaneously, observation line passes and be positioned at the place ahead of the revolution attachment point (not shown) of this mechanism 10 from the rear of back mirror 14.

In Fig. 1, back mirror 14 can be regulated by motor 18 in the conventional mode.The front-view mirror mechanism of embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 comprises one first catadioptre 20.First catadioptre 20 is preferably plane, and preferably can be by manually or by motor 22 regulating, and wherein motor 22 can be positioned on the offset position.One second catadioptre 24 is arranged in the shell 12.Second catadioptre 24 is preferably fixed, in other words, is uncontrollable, and is preferably curve-like.Under situation about being more preferably, catadioptre 24 can be the aspherical surface shape, dome shape, is dome shape substantially, parabolic shape or be approximately parabolic shape.But the curvature of catadioptre 24 can adopt any form.For example, one of the bottom partial sum that catadioptre 24 can have a projection is plane top part substantially, and perhaps this mechanism can be a mechanism of from left to right extending.Shell 12 is provided with a window 26, and this window is used to make light to arrive in the front-view mirror mechanism.Window 26 is transparent, and is preferably a leak free transparent window, and is preferably made by glass or acryhic material.The shape of window 26 is preferably consistent with the curvature of shell front portion, but will make the forward sight scope maximum and be convenient to water is discharged from window surface, window 26 preferred outside curved shape or convex-shaped, and preferably be provided with outside shell 12 peripheral.As described in related application, also can comprise a Venturi tube and vortex mechanism 28, be beneficial to window 26 water and chip are discharged.

Light from automotive front at first projects on the fixing catadioptre 24, and reflexes to adjustable catadioptre 20, and reflexes to once more in the eyes of automobile driver by preceding viewport 16, and wherein this automobile is connected with mechanism 10.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4, mechanism 10 preferably only is used for observing through the window of chaufeur, or observes through passenger's window, so just can be used for the offside of chaufeur is observed.

In Fig. 5 to 7, show the second embodiment of the present invention.The cutaway view of Fig. 5 is to make along the hatching A-A among Fig. 6.In this embodiment, forward sight assembly 110 is provided with a shell (basic identical with the shell 12 shown in Fig. 1 to 4), and this shell preferably is made into integration with the car body that is connected with this mechanism (leg-of-mutton door/window adapter plate is in the drawings by mark 130 expressions).Like this, air just can not flow through between mechanism 110 and automobile, and these are different with the situation shown in Fig. 1 to 4.

Mechanism 110 is provided with a traditional back mirror 114, and this back mirror can be regulated by motor 118 in the conventional mode.A preceding viewport 116 is arranged on the side of shell 112.One first internal mirror 120 is arranged in this shell 112, and preferably extends to outside the shell, as shown in Figure 5.First catadioptre 120 is preferably plane, and preferably manually or utilize motor 122 to regulate.

In shell 112, be provided with one second catadioptre 124.Second catadioptre 124 is preferably fixed, and is promptly nonadjustable, and is preferably curvilinear figure.Under situation about being more preferably, catadioptre 124 is for aspherical surface shape, dome shape or substantially for dome shape, parabolic shape or be similar to parabolic shape.But the curvature of catadioptre 124 can adopt any form.For example, one of the bottom partial sum that catadioptre 124 can have a protrusion is plane top substantially, and perhaps this mechanism also can be a mechanism that extends to the right side from the left side.

Shell 112 is provided with a window 126, and this window is used to make light to arrive front-view mirror mechanism.Window 126 is transparent, is preferably a leak free transparent window, and is preferably made by glass or acryhic material.In this embodiment, window 126 is arranged in the shell 112 and more near the center, as shown in Figure 6.So just the indicating device (not shown) of periphery can be contained in the shell 112 and motor 122 is installed in mode more placed in the middle.

The shape of window 126 is preferably consistent with the curvature of portion before the shell 112, but want to make the visual field maximum of forward sight and help water is got rid of from the surface of window, this window 126 preferred outside curved shapes or be convex-shaped, and preferably be arranged on the position in week outside the shell 112.In addition, also can comprise a Venturi tube or vortex mechanism 128 (shown in Fig. 1 to 4), be beneficial to keep window 126 not have water and chip.

Light from automotive front is radiated on the fixing catadioptre 124 at first, anyly is reflected to

adjustable catadioptre

120 and 116 reflexes to once more in the eyes of automobile driver by preceding viewport or zone, wherein is connected with this mechanism 110 on the automobile.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 to 7, mechanism 110 preferably only is used for observing through the window of chaufeur, or observes through passenger's window, so just can observe the offside of chaufeur.

The third embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 8 to 10.The cutaway view of Fig. 8 is to make along the hatching A-A among Fig. 9.In this embodiment, forward sight assembly 210 is provided with a shell (basic identical with the shell 12 shown in Fig. 1 to 4), this shell preferably is made into integration according to mode similar to the embodiment of Fig. 5 to 7 and the car body that is connected with this mechanism (triangle door/window adapter plate is in the drawings by mark 230 expressions).Like this, air just can not flow through between this structure 210 and automobile, and this is with different referring to figs. 1 through 4 described situations.

This mechanism 210 is provided with a traditional back mirror 214, and this back mirror is preferably regulated by motor 218 in the conventional mode.Preceding viewport 216 is arranged in the shell 212 and is positioned on the inner reflection mirror 214.The first inner reflection mirror 220 is arranged on the adapter plate of car door/vehicle window or the carriage 230 (Fig. 8).First catadioptre 220 is preferably plane, and preferably can regulate manually or by motor 222.A swivel point 232 that is positioned at

catadioptre

220 and 222 rears allows this mechanism 210 being clashed into or be folded back onto on the car body that is positioned at adapter plate 230 rears when stopping.The shell 212 of this mechanism 210 separates with adapter plate 230 along the defiber 234 that is positioned at catadioptre 220 outsides.The flange that stretches out on window is fit to enclose (not shown) with the O shape of a setting-in and engages, and when turning back on its operating position when shell 212, is used to seal.

Shell 212 can be finished manually or by motor or like (not shown) around the motion of swivel point 232.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 to 10, porthole helps passing adapter plate 230 to be observed, and in other words, is convenient to pass car door rather than resembles and pass vehicle window other embodiment and observe.

Second catadioptre 224 is arranged in the shell 212.Second catadioptre 224 is preferably fixed, and in other words, it is nonadjustable, and is preferably curve-like.Under situation about being more preferably, catadioptre 224 is an aspherical surface shape, and sphere shape is sphere shape substantially, parabola shaped or quasi-parabola shape.

But the curvature of catadioptre 224 can adopt any form.For example, catadioptre 224 can have that the bottom of a protrusion and one are basic to be plane top, and perhaps this mechanism also can be a mechanism that extends to the right side from the left side.

Shell 212 is provided with a window 226, and this window is used to make light to arrive front-view mirror mechanism.Window 226 is transparent, is preferably a leak free transparent window, and is preferably made by glass or acryhic material.The shape of window 226 is preferably consistent with the curvature of portion before the shell 212, but the visual field that will be able to make forward sight reaches maximum and helps water is got rid of from window surface, this window 226 preferred outside curved shapes or be convex-shaped, and preferably be arranged on the position in week within the shell 212.As described in relevant application, also can comprise a Venturi tube and vortex mechanism, keep not having water and chip on the window 226 to utilize.

If the front portion of automobile is connected with this mechanism 210, the light from this automotive front will at first project on the fixed type catadioptre 224 so, and reflex on the adjustable catadioptre 220, and reflex to once more in the eyes of automobile driver by preceding viewport 216.

As mentioned above, porthole 216 preferably is arranged in the adapter plate 230.This structure is provided with to be beneficial in automobile front-view mirror mechanism 210 is observed.The advantage of this feature has two.At first, when this mechanism 210 of driver's observation, will between back mirror 214 and front-view mirror 220, form the border that profile is arranged.Secondly, because porthole 216 is a UNICOM with the inside of mechanism 210 and the inside of automobile, therefore catadioptre 220 and 224 hazes with regard to unlikely, because the inside of this mechanism remains under the ambient temperature of automotive interior or near this ambient temperature, catadioptre is kept clean or make does not have mist on the catadioptre.

The motor 218 of back mirror can be installed on the middle position of mechanism 210, perhaps also can install according to traditional back mirror installation method.Adjustable catadioptre 220 is installed in the adapter plate 230 that is positioned on the car door with relevant motor and is arranged on the approaching more anterior position, facilitates like this and observes, and especially is convenient to observe at driver side.We believe: the actual size of back mirror (shell 212 of mechanism 210) generally can be greater than existing back mirror.Above-mentioned peripheral indicating device can be installed in the shell 212 by minimum modification.If do not need to be provided with indicating device, catadioptre 224 can move laterally from position shown in Figure 8 so, so just can help slightly observing.The porthole of driver side and passenger side (216 and not shown) does not need to pass the side vehicle window just can easily be observed.

With regard to the structure of catadioptre 20,120,220,24,124 and 224, subject matter relates to the visbility that passes left side and right side porthole 16,116,216.By catadioptre 20/120/220 and relevant motor 24/124/224 are moved forward (when these parts are installed in the car door, this point is easy to realize, as mechanism 210), the angle of the relative vehicle of catadioptre 20/120/220 can be set to and approximate 90 degree.Catadioptre 20/120/220 about 5 degree that preferably recede, and the angle of catadioptre 24/124/224 relative automobile is set to and is about 50 degree and spends to about 60.At catadioptre 24/124/224 is under the aspheric situation, just can greatly improve along the observation to vehicle front of the car bonnet side of automobile, and can observe place before about 200 meters in passenger side.At driver side,, can reach similar effects by catadioptre 20/120/220 being rotated about 10 degree and making catadioptre 20/120/220 about 5 degree that recede.

Have been found that: if parabolic reflector is used as catadioptre 24/124/224, its effect is not too satisfactory, because can feel that like this curvature is excessive, thereby the periphery on left side and right side is observed too much.We feel: its profile of aspherical surface shape catadioptre is than parabolic reflector complanation more, and can reflect the distance and the position of vehicle front, so aspherical surface shape catadioptre is more preferably.

Referring now to window 26,126 and 226, Figure 11 shows a kind of preferable shape of window.Graphic window 26 is the exemplary window in the driver side mechanism 10 that is used for right hand drive type vehicle, and mirror image can be applied on the passenger side of this automobile.Although window is expressed as 226 in the accompanying drawings, this window also can be window 26 or 126.In these three embodiment, window 26/126/226 be preferably can with corresponding to curve-like of the back mirror of conventional shape or convex-shaped, purpose is to reduce the water amount as far as possible.Observation glass or acrylic acid window 26/126/226 are preferably sealing and air tight, in other words, do not allow water, chip etc. to enter into the inside of mechanism 10/110/210.The position of mechanism 10/110/210 and angle mean that the dust on water and the road surface will produce deflection on the windshield of automobile and across the front of observing window 26/126/216.Clearly observe by window 26/126/216 for overcoming this problem and being convenient to, a concave part 34 (Fig. 1) can be set in the inboard of window 26.This surface portion 34 and be arranged on window 26 and surf zone 34 between projection or alar part 36 comprise a system that water, chip etc. can be put together and evacuates away.Water, ground-surface dust and can not drop on the lip-deep analogue of window 26 can be by the Venturi tube scroll element 28 of making description hereinbefore along shifted laterally and cross window 26.Although just the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 has made explanation to feature 34 and 36, be appreciated that they can be applied among the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 to 7 and Fig. 8 to 10 equally.

As previously mentioned, the similar units (in the automobile of right hand drive) that can observe forward along the automobile left side can be set in the left side of automobile.Parts 10,110,210 all preferably are provided with the catadioptre that utilizes motor and regulate parts, and these parts can be at one very near the enterprising line operate in the position of chaufeur.

Perhaps, also can regulate by M/C.This replacement scheme is particularly useful for mechanism 220, and in this case, manual adjustment means can be arranged on the position that chaufeur/passenger can touch.

Should be applied among other two embodiment with regard to one of above-mentioned three embodiment of the present invention described feature.

With regard to Fig. 3, increase about 20 millimeters by the size along continuous straight runs that makes internal mirror, the chaufeur of various statures all need not to adopt motor to regulate this adjustable catadioptre.When the automobile from left handle drive became the automobile of right hand drive, the motion that unique needs are done can be finished by M/C, and should finish in factory.

Do not pass the window of driver side and will produce very big difference, and have affinity more from automotive interior observation forward sight assembly.This also means inboard and outer reflector can heat from automotive interior.

So just need not in this package shell, specially it to be heated.

Figure 12 to 17 shows another embodiment according to forward view apparatus of the present invention.This device 310 be a kind of in above-mentioned accompanying drawing by Reference numeral 10,110 and 210 the expression the sort of devices.This device 310 is provided with a shell 312, and this shell is fit to link together with the car body (not shown) that is positioned at the RHD vehicle in driver door the place ahead just, but can be arranged on any suitable position.In Figure 12 to 14, shell 312 comprises a pass correction card 316, and in use, this pass correction card can position along the auto body line, to form a forward sight porthole 318 in the passenger accommodation of automobile.Certainly, porthole also can be arranged on any being convenient on the position that automobile driver observes.

Now specifically with reference to Figure 12 to 14, the section that will be appreciated that Figure 14 is that the hatching 14-14 in Figure 13 makes.In this embodiment, mirror body 10 is preferably mounted on the separable swivel point 320 (Fig. 4).Break line among Figure 14 is exactly when it rotates around swivel point 320, " separation " line that is separated from each other with other parts outside the housing 312.

In the embodiment of Figure 12 to 14, when chaufeur need pass an automobile that is positioned at the place ahead that he or she drives just that automobile before being positioned at its front vehicles is observed, preceding viewport 318 allowed driver's observation to the front elevation picture.Porthole 318 is preferably an opening, and chaufeur can see that passing parts 310 by automotive front throws the light of coming by this porthole.

In this embodiment, forward sight porthole 318 is arranged on the side of shell 312 outside the mechanism 310, and the while observation line passes through a side of back mirror 314 and is positioned at the place ahead of the revolution attachment point 320 of mechanism 310.

In Figure 12, back mirror 314 can be regulated by motor 322 in the conventional mode.In the embodiment shown in Figure 12 to 14, front-view mirror mechanism 310 comprises one first catadioptre 324.First catadioptre 324 is preferably plane, and preferably can manually or utilize motor 326 to regulate, and wherein motor 326 can be positioned on the deviation post or also can not be positioned on the deviation post.In shell 312, be provided with one second catadioptre 328.

Second catadioptre 328 is preferably fixed, and in other words, it is nonadjustable, and is preferably curvilinear figure.

Under situation about being more preferably, catadioptre 328 is an aspherical surface shape, and sphere shape is sphere shape substantially, parabola shaped or quasi-parabola shape.But the curvature of catadioptre 328 can be taked any form.For example, catadioptre 328 can have that the bottom of a convex and one are basic to be plane top, and perhaps this mechanism also can be the mechanism of a horizontal expansion.

Shell 312 is provided with a window 330, and this window is used to make light ray propagation to front-view mirror mechanism.This window 330 is for transparent and be preferably a leak free transparent window, and preferably made by glass or acryhic material.The shape of window 30 is preferably consistent with the curvature of portion before the shell 312, but want to make the forward sight scope to reach maximum and help water is excluded from window surface, window 330 preferred outside curved shape or convex-shaped, and preferably be arranged on the position in week outside the shell 312.

Project on the fixed type catadioptre 328 at first and be reflected on the adjustable catadioptre 324 from the light of portion before the automobile that is connected with mechanism 310, be reflected to once more in the eyes of automobile driver by preceding viewport 318 then.In the embodiment shown in Figure 12 to 14, mechanism 310 preferably only is used for seeing through the chaufeur window to be observed, or observes through passenger window, so just can observe the opposite side of chaufeur.

Although seen on the whole the aforementioned forward sight mechanism that constructs according to the mode of the embodiment shown in Figure 12 to 14, and it can help to improve the visbility of chaufeur, but still has some problems.These problems relate to following aspect: user's comfort level for example, driver temperament is suspected, the problem that the holding member cleaning is brought, and the problem that parts are dazzling and failsafety are brought.For example, when chaufeur was observed reflection mirror component, his observed catadioptre may be a back mirror, also may be front-view mirror, therefore may cause and obscure.In addition, chaufeur can be seen the front elevation picture by porthole 318 always, and it is divert one's attention.The light that is sent by approaching vehicle reflexes in the his or her eyes by forward view apparatus and may make the chaufeur dim eyesight.At last, the front of window 30 (outside face) may have dust or analogue and become opaque because of accumulating, and will reduce the quality of front elevation picture like this, if dust continues accumulation, forward view apparatus cannot be used.Under the situation that does not have air baffle, volution trough, small-sized windscreen wiper or sprinkler, keep window 330 cleanings all very difficult always.

For addressing the above problem, the embodiment of Figure 12 to 14 comprises a baffle plate 332, and this baffle plate preferably is suitable for sliding on whole window 330, blocks with the light that will enter in the window 330.Motor 334 is suitable for making baffle plate 332 actions and it is moved between the opening and closing position.Motor 334 is identical with

motor

322 and 326 basically.

This baffle plate 332 can slide on the track (not shown), perhaps also can turn round, and this will determine according to the contour structures of catadioptre shell 312.Moving on whole window 330 can realize that motor 334 can be meshed with a plurality of gear (not shown) that preferably are embossed on the baffle plate 332 by adopting motor 334.Perhaps, also available gear motor drives the scissors (not shown) and operates, and when reversing, this scissors can stretch out and withdraw.

Baffle plate 332 can be made of plastics, and is perhaps made by other suitable light material, and when baffle plate 332 in the closed position going up, window 332 and dust, dust, rainwater etc. can be separated.When baffle plate 332 is opened and closed, a felt brush or a rubber brush that is connected on the leading edge will move on whole window, thereby all dust and dirt, rainwater and analogue are removed.

Baffle plate 332 can be installed to the inboard, and in other words, this baffle plate can move and be positioned at the cavity of arrangements for automotive doors or the installation pass correction card 316 of shell 312 on whole window 330.So just the mirror assembly 310 with asymmetric external shape profile can be contained in wherein.

Under normal riving condition, the baffle plate 332 of left side and right side members 310 will remain under the closed condition, so just can avoid occurring above-mentioned obscure, diverting one's attention or problem such as dazzling.

In addition, baffle plate 332 can make road surface dust, stone, rainwater and analogue all produce deflection.

Chaufeur can make one's options according to hobby of pavement conditions, chaufeur etc., for example when it adopts this front-view mirror architectural feature.

For the automobile of right hand drive, move in order to make the left side or the baffle plate 332 of right side members 310, for example can utilize an indicating device bar (parts of rotation indicator are similar to being used for) to come exciting switch mechanism (not shown).This point can be by making indicator motion in advance, thereby the mode of sending a turn signal is finished, and can operate according to the existing used mode of indicating device, in other words, bar is just upwards lifted and the baffle plate 332 of left-hand side part 310 can be opened, bar is moved down, the baffle plate 332 in the right side members 310 is moved.

Being arranged on this bar, instrument carrier panel or other locational button (not shown) of overtaking other vehicles can make one or two baffle plate 332 remain under the open mode, if desired, can also make baffle plate forever be under the open mode, a delay mechanism perhaps can be set, relay switch for example is to cut out baffle plate 332 after specific time section (for example 1 minute).

Figure 15 to 17 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the front-view mirror parts are by mark 410 expressions.The Reference numeral that is adopted in Figure 12 to 14 and among Figure 15 to 17 shows identical feature.Feature 324,326 and 328 does not occur in Figure 15 to 17, and the section of Figure 17 is that the hatching 17-17 in Figure 16 makes.

In this embodiment, the mirror body shown in Figure 12 to 14 is substituted by a pick up camera 336 and a screen 338, and wherein screen 338 is used for and will shows by the image of pick up camera 336 formation.On the pick up camera 336 aforesaid positions, the circuit or the like (not shown) that are used for itself and screen 338 (not shown) are linked together also are traditional.Screen 338 is preferably a lcd screen, although should be able to see this screen by porthole 18, it also can be arranged on the whole porthole 318.This pick up camera/screen mechanism 336/338 can black-and-white television or black and white television.

In others, baffle plate 332 is operated according to the described mode of Figure 12 to 14.

In Figure 18 to 26, show other embodiments of the invention.Backsight parts 510 are provided with a shell 512.Window 518 is arranged on the front of shell 512.Window 518 is identical with the transparent panel 8 of US-A-4268120 basically and allow to see through from the light of the automotive front inside from parts 510, and wherein the front portion of automobile is connected with parts 510.Window 518 is preferred mutually concordant with the front of shell 512 or be recessed in this front.Window 518 is preferably spill, so just can form parts with air-flow as described below and cooperate.This window can be made by glass, plastics or any suitable material transparent or substantially transparent.

Front portion and the outside (during use) at shell 512 are provided with the parts that are used for guiding air on the front portion of window 518.This air-flow will engage accompanying drawing 18 and be described in detail hereinafter, but these parts comprise a plurality of grooves 520 that are positioned at the posterior medial (during use) of shell 512.These grooves have the bigger degree of depth on the direction of side outside the shell 512, this is because fin 522 and 538 is highly bigger.In Figure 18 and 19, can see: groove 520 extends into a dividing plate 524, and the hole 526 that is arranged on this dividing plate 524 allows groove 520 and window 518 UNICOMs.

The arranged outside that Figure 18 and 19 shows shell 512 has a plurality of grooves 528, these grooves are identical substantially with groove 520, and limit by a plurality of fins 530 and to form and to extend to dividing plate 532 places, the hole 534 of passing this dividing plate can form UNICOM between groove 528 and window 518.

In Figure 18, show another groove 536, this groove is arranged on the base of side before the shell 512.Groove 536 is limited by a plurality of fins 538 and forms and air (specific as follows described) is incorporated in the window 540.Smaller a plurality of inclined grooves 542,544,546 guide air by hole 548,550 and 552 (Figure 18 and 19).

Referring now to Figure 19, there is one first front-view mirror 554 to be arranged in the shell 512.This front-view mirror 554 preferably is fixed in the shell 512, but will be appreciated that this front-view mirror also can move by manual components, motor or other parts.

In shell 512, also be provided with one second front-view mirror 556.Front-view mirror 556 preferably is adapted to pass through and is arranged in the shell 512 and is positioned at the motor 558 at front-view mirror 556 rears and moves, thereby regulates, but motor and relevant cable and switching mechanism thereof are not shown among the figure.If adopt a kind of like this motor, it can be basic identical with the traditional mechanism that is used to regulate back mirror so.Certainly, also can adopt other regulative mode.

Figure 21 shows the optimized angle setting of front-view mirror assembly shown in Figure 19.

560 is exactly the automobile side of right hand drive, and 562 is the rear outline line of front-view mirror assembly 510.Can see: the angle between catadioptre 556 and the line 562 is 40 degree, and the angle between catadioptre 554 and the line 562 is 55 degree.Certainly, these angles only are exemplary, even catadioptre 556 adopts the angle of 40 degree, this angle also may be adjusted at least one less angle in use.Exemplary distance between the catadioptre 554 and 556 is 50 millimeters.

Figure 22 and 23 is respectively catadioptre 554 with preferable shape and 556 planar view.Catadioptre 556 has side C and D in the drawings, and it also is illustrated in Figure 21.

These sides are preferably 50 millimeters and 67 millimeters long, and top and bottom are preferably 90 millimeters and 95 millimeters long.Catadioptre 554 has side E and F in the drawings, and also illustrates in Figure 21.The length of these sides preferably is respectively 80 millimeters and 87 millimeters.Certainly, all angles and size only are exemplary, and can change.

During use, chaufeur will be along being observed by the direction shown in the arrow in Figure 19 and 21, if chaufeur wishes to see the automobile that is positioned at its vehicle front just.As can see from Figure 19: catadioptre 556, i.e. " picture catching " mirror is arranged on the outside of automobile side, so just can finish the image from the automobile of leading its two cars.Light from the automobile of leading its two cars passes window 518 and reflexes to catadioptre 554 from catadioptre 556, then reflexes to the eyes of chaufeur through hole 514 from catadioptre 554.

As mentioned above, a similar unit (for the automobile of right hand drive) can be set in the left side of automobile, so just can observe forward along the left side of automobile.Parts 510 are provided with the adjusting parts of catadioptre 556 being regulated by motor, and from an enterprising line operate in the position near chaufeur.

Window 518 may be dirty, and the image that chaufeur is seen is very unclear.The present invention aims to provide a kind of improved device that can overcome above-mentioned defective.Referring now to Figure 18 and 20, Figure 18 especially, can see: hole 564 is arranged on the bottom surface of window 518, and window 518 is positioned at the place ahead of shell 512, this hole 564 and groove 536,542,544 and 546 UNICOMs.

Also upwardly extending to the left small arrow is represented the direction of air-flow when the automobile (not shown) moves forward from the right side in Figure 18.Therefore, described assembly 510 passes moving of air forward and will produce these air-flows.The air that hits on groove 520/ fin 522 will be guided into hole 526 and pass window 518 by groove 520 along direction from right to left, as shown in figure 18.The air that hits on groove 538,542,544 and 546 will be along being guided into hole 564 by those grooves and flow at the outside face of whole window 518 from the bottom surface to the direction of end face, as shown in figure 18.

Particularly, can be considered to tangential gas flow or be tangential gas flow substantially, so just produce Venturi effect along groove 528 airflow flowing.Under the effect of this effect,, will reduce the pressure of this zone or this position like this by making fluid (for example air) flow through a zone or the position will produce pressure reduction in fluid.Like this, the fluid with elevated pressures will be directed flowing through this zone or position.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 18 and 20, fluid is exactly air certainly, and hole 534 is exactly a Venturi tube, and lower like this pressure will be taken out air to the left from the right side, as shown in figure 18.At least some air that are inhaled in the Venturi tube 534 can be air flowing on the outside face of window 518.526 windstream or the parts of leaving and flowing in the hole 534 are guided from the hole, perhaps do not guided, will be created in the gas curtain that flows from right to left among Figure 18 like this, so just can remove depositing the water that gets off by rainwater, mist, hail, snow and analogue, and can prevent by air borne and and/or the pollutants propagated by water such as dust and mud attached on the window 518 and locally at least prevent that it from blocking the forward sight sight line of automobile driver.This structure can be strengthened by making air-flow upwards flow through hole 564, and perhaps these air-flows can form another gas curtain that upwards moves on the surface of whole window 518.

Certainly, also can save the structure (520/526 and 538/542/544/546/564) in groove and hole.But also can adopt other cleaning part.Can adopt at least one small-sized wiper to clean window 518, and/or adopt a kind of utilization can injected or otherwise be coated to the structure that water on the window 518 or other fluid clean window.

In addition, window 518 also can be equipped with the electronic demister element that is used on the rear auto window, perhaps other heat can be acted on the window, with the parts that the lip-deep water with window 18 evaporates or is removed by defrosting, water wherein can be aqueous water, ice or slurry (for example ice slush).

Perhaps, can with heat or warm air or other fluid by the defogger of automobile by ducting on the main body 512 of described assembly 510, so that the water on the described assembly 510 (comprising window 518) is evaporated, perhaps water is removed by defrosting.

Embodiment shown in Figure 24 to 26 comprises a plurality of additional optional features.In Figure 24 to 26, represent identical feature by the feature that those marks identical with the Reference numeral shown in Figure 18 to 23 are represented.Venturi water drainage part 564 is basic identical with water drainage part shown in Figure 20, and can be made of identical architectural feature.As a kind of selection, on the end of the main body 512 that is provided with Venturi water drainage part 564, can install one and turn to/accident indicator lamp or like.Under situation about being more preferably, this indicating device can be installed in the fin 530 (Figure 18) and/or be installed on the bottom surface of main body 512 and between catadioptre 554 and 556.So just can be used as an extra reflection part, to guide the light of indicator lamp into the place ahead and rear.

Referring now to Figure 24, can be provided with a Venturi slit and the wing 566 according to the front of the mode main body 512 identical with the mode shown in Figure 18 and 19.Four extra Venturi holes or mouthfuls 568 allow air to flow through from the inside of window 518, so just can reduce forming mist on the window to prevent that also depositing in water from amassing or accumulating on the inside face.

Short arrow among Figure 24 shows the air-flow that enters and pass through Venturi water drainage part 564 or flow out by the top of window 518 in the internal flow of whole window 518, then in the bottom of window 518.

Zone 574 among Figure 24 is one " capture region ", and this zone is suitable for receiving for example rainwater and water is flowed along groove of water, and window 518 is kept clean.Be provided with a top Venturi slit and the wing 570 above window 518, it is used for water is extracted out in step zone 574.Will be appreciated that this wiper mechanism and under this application conditions disclosed all wiper mechanisms all can use with forward view apparatus based on pick up camera, perhaps a pick up camera is set, perhaps by realizing this point on the camera lens that one or more such mechanisms is applied to pick up camera at the rear of a window (for example window 518).

As a kind of selection, the certain angle of all relative vertical plane surface inclination of one or two catadioptre 554,556.This inclination angle can be between 5 to 10 degree.Catadioptre 554 preferably tilts in the following manner: its top is receded its bottom relatively.Catadioptre 556 preferably tilts in the following manner: its top is tilted along the direction away from automobile, parts 510 wherein are installed on the automobile, catadioptre 556 just is arranged in these parts 510.Certainly, can turn round in the inclination angle of each catadioptre 554,556, perhaps makes catadioptre 554,556 have same inclination angle.

As can be seen: the invention provides a kind of improved type forward view apparatus that is used on the self-propelled vehicle.

The applying date is that the full content of the specification sheets (comprising accompanying drawing) of the Australian temporary patent application 2003906716 that the Australian temporary patent application 2003903410 that the Australian temporary patent application 2003900638 on February 13rd, 2003 and the applying date is on July 4th, 2003 and the applying date is on December 5th, 2003 is engaged in the application's the specification sheets.Claims of the application have constituted the part of specification sheets disclosure.

Claims

1. forward view apparatus that is used on the self-propelled vehicle, this device provides an image, this image is from a position that is positioned at described assembly the place ahead, described image can be arrived by the driver's observation of described vehicle, it is characterized in that: described device comprises a mechanism that is made of two catadioptres, have first plane mirror and the second curve catadioptre, wherein said curve catadioptre is fixed in the described mechanism and is unadjustable.

2. according to the forward view apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described curve catadioptre has convex surface.

3. according to the forward view apparatus of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described curve catadioptre has aspherical surface shape surface.

4. require 1 or 3 forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that: described first catadioptre of the described mechanism that is made of two catadioptres is adjustable.

5. require 4 forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that: pass a window and reflexed in the eyes of chaufeur by the described mechanism that is made of two catadioptres by a porthole from the light of the position in described assembly the place ahead, described porthole is arranged on the inboard of described mechanism.

6. according to the forward view apparatus of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described porthole is adapted to pass through the structure of described automobile and observes, rather than observes through the window of described automobile.

7. according to the forward view apparatus of claim 6, it is characterized in that: first catadioptre of described mechanism is arranged in the structure of described automobile as described inner reflection mirror.

8. according to the forward view apparatus of claim 7, it is characterized in that: described structure is an adapter plate or the base portion between the main portion of window and described arrangements for automotive doors.

9. forward view apparatus according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: described porthole has formed UNICOM between the inside of the inside of described automobile and described mechanism, the ambient temperature of described like this automotive interior will exert an influence to described in-house temperature.

10. require 1 or 9 forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that: be provided with a baffle component, these parts are suitable for moving between off position and open position; On described off position, light can not propagate into described device; On described open position, light can propagate into described device.

11. the forward view apparatus according to claim 10 is characterized in that: the mobile of described baffle plate is to slide.

12. the forward view apparatus according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described device is a kind of mirror body.

13. the forward view apparatus according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described device is a pick up camera and corresponding telltale mechanism.

14. the forward view apparatus according to claim 13 is characterized in that: described baffle component can be driven by motor, and this motor is to control in the passenger accommodation of automobile.

15. forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right requirement 14, it is characterized in that: having before described automobile is in shifting state following time can produce mechanism across the air-flow of described window, so just water and/or other material can be removed, and/or anti-sealing and/or other material are attached on the described window.

16. the forward view apparatus according to claim 15 is characterized in that: described mechanism comprises the parts that can produce two cross flows.

17. the forward view apparatus according to claim 16 is characterized in that: at least one described parts has utilized Venturi effect in the process that produces air-flow.

18. the forward view apparatus according to one of claim 15 to 17 is characterized in that: described mechanism comprises first groove component that is used for guiding air on described window.

19. forward view apparatus according to claim 18, it is characterized in that: described mechanism also comprises second groove component, this second groove component utilizes Venturi effect guiding air to flow on the outside face of described window, so just can strengthen the air-flow that is produced by described first groove component.

20. the forward view apparatus according to claim 19 is characterized in that: described second groove component is substantially disposed on the outside or edge of described assembly, and is tangent with described second groove component basically by the air-flow that the reach of automobile produces.

21. the forward view apparatus according to claim 20 is characterized in that: also be provided with extra cleaning part, so that described window and/or at least one described deflection component are cleaned.

22. forward view apparatus according to claim 21, it is characterized in that: described cleaning part can be a wiper, this wiper can be used as the wiper of windshield, and described cleaning part can be the parts that can spray a fluid on the described window outside face.

23. require 22 forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that: at least a portion that is located immediately at the described automobile of side before the automobile of the described vehicle front that is provided with described assembly comprises a parking light and/or a turning indicator.

24. forward view apparatus according to aforesaid right requirement 23, it is characterized in that: one first catadioptre is suitable for receiving from the light of the described automobile in the place ahead of the automobile that is positioned at the described vehicle front that is provided with described assembly and described light can be reflexed on one second catadioptre, and following relatively plane is positioned on the position of about 125 degree: this plane straight line from described second catadioptre to described driver's eyes relatively forms an angle that is about 90 degree, and the described relatively plane of described second catadioptre forms an angle that is about 40 degree.

25. the forward view apparatus according to claim 24 is characterized in that: described first catadioptre and described second catadioptre are quadrangle.

26. the forward view apparatus according to claim 25 is characterized in that: described quadrangle is such quadrangle: the length on neither one limit and the equal in length on other any one limit.