CN100365911C - Accumulator charging controlling method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an accumulator charge control method which controls through a software ampere hour meter in order to prevent a lower computer of a power supply from restoring positions or being locked. Meanwhile, the accumulator charge control method also takes traditional hardware V/T curve control as a backup method for the control of the software ampere hour meter in order to solve the problem that undercharge, or overcharge easily occurs during the charge control of traditional satellite accumulators. The service life of the accumulators can be effectively extended, so the service life of satellites on rails is extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of charge in batteries control, relate in particular to a kind of ampere-hour meter and control method of storage battery.
Background technology
The effect of charge in batteries control module be finish satellite in orbit during the charging control of storage battery, comprise that charging current is set and charging termination is controlled two parts function.
Traditional satellite power system design is divided into solar battery array power supply battle array and charging battle array two parts usually, wherein power supply battle array is used for satisfying the need for electricity of load on the star, the charging battle array is used for being battery charging specially, rely on the constant current section of charge independence battle array to provide constant relatively charging current, utilize hardware V/T curve method control charge in batteries to stop for batteries.This charging method is simple, but shortcoming is:
(1) have only the power output of power supply battle array could supply load, and the charging battle array only is used for being charge in batteries, after charging finished, this part power have just been wasted.Like this, the power output of solar battery array can not obtain unified the utilization, and efficient is low;
(2) the charging current size relies on the constant current active section of charge independence battle array fully, and the charging current of charging battle array output is subject to the influence of temperature, irradiation, season and the attitude of satellite, is difficult to keep constant;
(3) charging termination adopts the V/T curve controlled.This control utilizes under certain charging current, and the temperature variant measured value curve of charge in batteries final pressure stops charging control.But if charging current changes, utilize this curve controlled just inaccurate, cause storage battery to owe to fill or overcharge easily.
Studies show that, owe for a long time to fill or overcharge and significantly to accelerate declining of accumulator property and fall, shorten storage battery useful life.For middle low-orbit satellite, the turnover shadow is frequent, and storage battery must be in the discharge of shadow zone, ground to keep the on-board equipment operate as normal.Because accumulator cell charging and discharging is frequent and be that expendable is used, in complete each electronic equipment of star, the life-span of storage battery is the shortest, therefore, often just determined the life-span of satellite the useful life of storage battery, prolong the life of storage battery and just equal to have prolonged satellite useful life, therefore performance, the reliability to charge in batteries control has very high requirement.Traditional charge independence battle array technology and V/T curve controlled technology belong to non-accurate control, are difficult to competent high-quality charging control requirement, therefore on middle low-orbit satellite, press for and adopt reliable, the more advanced charging control technology of performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accumulator charging control method,, can prolong the useful life of storage battery effectively in order to solve the problem that owing of causing easily in the control of conventional satellite charge in batteries filled or overcharged, thus prolong satellite in the rail life-span.
To achieve these goals, the present invention comprises the steps: by software ampere-hour meter control
(1) solar battery array, batteries and power-supply controller of electric are set in the satellite power supply subsystem, charging regulator BCR and power supply slave computer are set in power-supply controller of electric are used for batteries constant current charge and the control of ampere-hour meter charging termination;
(2) charging regulator BCR is serially connected between power supply buses and the batteries, this charging regulator BCR is a kind of buck PWM-type Switching Power Supply that is subjected to software control, on the one hand busbar voltage is reduced to accumulator battery voltage, going out constant charging current by the charging current reference level from the bus adjusted on the other hand is battery charging;
(3) press 1 time collection period collection in 1 second battery charging electric current, discharging current by the power supply slave computer, be reduced into the actual physical amount, be used for calculating accumulator group charge capacity and discharge electricity amount according to demarcating good coefficient;
(4) principal function and ampere-hour meter control function are set in the software of power supply slave computer, carry out the calculating of 1 batteries electric weight every 2 seconds, comprise battery charging electric weight, discharge electricity amount and current electric quantity, write suitable charging current according to the current electric quantity value of calculating to D/A converter and set level, promptly preestablish 1 charging current and change the stage thresholding, change the stage during thresholding when the current electric quantity value less than charging current, it is 1 grade that charging current is set level, is large current charge; When the current electric quantity value was changeed the stage thresholding and do not reached Full Charge Capacity greater than charging current, it was 2 grades that charging current is set level, is low current charge; When the current electric quantity value reaches Full Charge Capacity, show that batteries is full of, it is 0 that charging current is set level, stops to be battery charging;
(5) the analog output channel D/A converter by the power supply slave computer provides the charging current of charging regulator BCR to set level;
(6) charging current that provides according to D/A converter is set level, relies on the current feedback of closed loop to regulate, and the output current of regulating charging regulator BCR reaches the charging current setting level of setting.
The steady operation at rail power supply slave computer is depended in the ampere-hour meter control of storage battery.For preventing that the power supply slave computer from resetting or crash at rail, also with the backup means of traditional hardware V/T curve controlled, that is to say these two kinds of control modes Hot Spare each other simultaneously as software ampere-hour meter control.The power supply slave computer powers up the 1st charging in back separately by hardware V/T curve controlled, makes that the initial state of storage battery is clear and definite, and later charging is controlled jointly by software ampere-hour meter and hardware V/T curve, and any 1 condition satisfies can stop charging, guarantees that storage battery does not overcharge.
" walk to fly " situation that appearance can not be estimated for preventing program of lower computer, as long as hardware " house dog " sends reset signal, just cut off D/A output automatically in any case, the software ampere-hour meter stays out of control, fully by hardware V/T curve controlled, guarantee that batteries can charge.
The foundation of software ampere-hour meter control is the integration of charging and discharging currents and time, because there is the certainty of measurement problem in charging and discharging currents, long-term accumulative total must have certain cumulative errors.For causing the cumulative errors that overcharge, can eliminate automatically by hardware V/T curve controlled; And, can reduce error gradually by revising to charge and discharge than coefficient at rail for causing the cumulative errors of owing to fill.
In addition, 5 parameters relevant with charge in batteries, comprise current electric quantity, charging commentaries on classics stage thresholding, charge and discharge ratio, 1 grade of setting of charging current, charging current and be provided with all for 2 grades and can on rail, annotate, the parameter of revising at rail comes into force, thereby can change control strategy according to the current state of storage battery, for charging control provides great flexibility and convenience.
The present invention utilizes computer that the charge in batteries electric current accurately is set, charging current is set can reach 255 kinds at most, utilize adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply BCR that batteries is carried out constant current charge, smart control of charge in batteries and thick combining closely of controlling have been realized, the charging effect optimum, can improve the charging quality, prolong the useful life of storage battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a power subsystem schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a BCR electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principal function program flow diagram;
Fig. 4 is an ampere-hour meter control function flow chart.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified:
As shown in Figure 1, the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) solar battery array of power subsystem adopts big unified cloth chip technology in parallel, the power of solar battery array all directly outputs on the power supply buses, the power that provides for load and all directly provided by power supply buses for the power of charge in batteries.
The power output of solar battery array at first satisfies the load electricity consumption, unnecessary power accumulators group charging, and unnecessary again power is poured off by branch, and when the solar battery array power output was lower than the load need for electricity, battery discharging was with supplementary power.This shunting, charging and three kinds of mode of operations of discharge corresponding to power subsystem.Which kind of pattern is power-supply system be operated in, and to be subjected to main error amplification signal MEA (be the difference of power supply buses voltage and reference voltage, the height of its reflection busbar voltage) control, high-end at the MEA signal, show that busbar voltage is higher, the solar battery array power output is rich, and power-supply system is operated in shunt mode; At the interlude of MEA signal, power-supply system is operated in charge mode; At the low side of MEA signal, busbar voltage is lower, the solar battery array electricity shortage, and power-supply system is operated in discharge mode.
The power supply slave computer is used for the intelligent management of charge in batteries, comprises by given charging current set point of D/A and the control of realization software ampere-hour meter charging termination.Charge in batteries is generally the charging of 2 stages, when accumulator electric-quantity is low, adopts large current charge; When accumulator electric-quantity is expired soon, adopt low current charge.
As shown in Figure 2, BCR is a Switching Power Supply of utilizing pulse-width signal control, is connected in the charge circuit, in view of the pressure reduction of busbar voltage and accumulator battery voltage has about 2～3V BCR employing step-down constant current charging mode, mean value reaction type control technology.
The charging current size that BCR provides is subjected to power supply slave computer D/A output level, main error amplification signal MEA and V/T curve charging control signal to determine that jointly low level is started to control.More more than needed in the solar battery array power output, when except that satisfying load and charge in batteries power demand, still having unnecessary power needs to be shunted, busbar voltage is higher, MEA voltage is also corresponding higher, the charging current size is determined by the D/A output level fully, rely on the current feedback of closed loop to regulate, make output current value conform to set point; When the solar battery array power output can not satisfy the power demand of load and charge in batteries fully, busbar voltage reduces, the also corresponding reduction of MEA voltage, then rely on the control of unified MEA signal, the solar battery array power output at first satisfies loading demand, unnecessary power is used for being charge in batteries, and this moment, the charging current size was by the MEA signal deciding; When the solar battery array power output can not satisfy loading demand, busbar voltage continued to reduce, and MEA voltage also continues to reduce, and started the discharge adjuster automatically, replenished not enough power by battery discharging, and this moment, the charge in batteries electric current reduced to 0.
The charging termination control of storage battery is set level by the charging current of hardware V/T curve charging control signal and the output of power supply slave computer D/A converter and is realized that jointly low level is started to control earlier.
In order to improve reliability, power supply slave computer D/A output can also can be excised by hardware " house dog " signal of power supply slave computer automatically by direct remote control command excision, in order to avoid when full low level fault appears in D/A output, cause storage battery to charge.The BCR charging module as given signal, guarantees to provide charging current by the MEA signal after D/A output excision, for fear of full conducting, make electric current excessive, and pulse width signal is limited at certain scope.
Charging regulator BCR is made up of two modules usually on the star, and two modules are Hot Spare each other, also can by remote control command wherein 1 module cut away.Each BCR module adopts P type MOSFET as device for power switching.In order to prevent that the MOSFET short circuit lost efficacy, withstand voltage for the device of 250V, 30A except that selecting for use, MOSFET is two and connects and be connected in series fuse.In addition, input port is equipped with relay switch, remote control command can make modular circuit insert or disconnection.
As shown in Figure 3, power supply slave computer principal function flow process concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the power supply program of lower computer starts operation;
(2) parameter initialization setting:
Charging current is set level=maximum (D/A exports 4.98V)
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity (according to the capacity decision of used storage battery)
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=0
Trickle flag bit=0;
(3) patrol and examine telemetry parameter and the packing send to main frame;
(4) judge turnover shadow level signal,, show,, change step (5) over to trickle mark position 0 in the shadow region if turnover shadow level is 0; If turnover shadow level is 1, show at area of illumination, directly change step (5) over to;
(5) according to V/T charging termination electrical level judging charging termination whether;
(6) if V/T charging termination level is 1, show charging termination, following parameters be set:
Charging current is set level=0
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity (according to the capacity decision of used storage battery)
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=1
Trickle sign=1
Change step (3) over to;
(7) if V/T charging termination level is 0, continue to judge 2 seconds timers whether to, trickle sign whether be 0, whether the initial charge termination flag be 1 three conditions, if above-mentioned three conditions all satisfy, enter the ampere-hour meter control function, otherwise change step (3) over to.
As shown in Figure 4, typical ampere-hour meter control function flow process concrete steps are as follows:
(1) beginning ampere-hour meter control function;
(2) read charging current, discharging current, three telemetry parameters of turnover shadow level;
(3) if turnover shadow level is 0, show, be provided with or calculate following parameters in the shadow region:
Charging current is set level=0
Discharge electricity amount+discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of discharge electricity amount=last time
Electric weight+[charging current (the A) * time interval (h)]/charge ratio-discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of current electric quantity=last time
Change step (8) over to;
(4) if turnover shadow level is 1, show, calculate following parameters at area of illumination:
Electric weight+[charging current (the A) * time interval (h)]/charge ratio-discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of charge capacity+charging current (the A) * time interval (the h)/charge ratio current electric quantity of charge capacity=last time=last time;
(5) compare charge capacity and discharge electricity amount;
(6) if charge capacity greater than discharge electricity amount, is provided with following parameters:
Charging current is set level=0
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity, this Full Charge Capacity is according to the capacity decision of used storage battery
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=1
Trickle sign=1
Change step (8) over to;
(7) if charge capacity less than discharge electricity amount, continue to judge that whether current electric quantity is less than charging commentaries on classics stage thresholding, if current electric quantity is less than charging commentaries on classics stage thresholding, it is 1 grade of value of setting that charging current is set level, is large current charge, changes step (8) then over to, if current electric quantity is greater than changeing the stage thresholding, it is 2 grades of values of setting that charging current is set level, is low current charge, changes step (8) then over to;
(8) finish the ampere-hour meter control function.
Power up or reset when restarting work at each slave computer, at first charging current is set level and be made as maximum (D/A exports 4.98V), software does not carry out earlier ampere-hour meter control, and by the control of charging of hardware V/T curve, become 1 up to detecting " V/T charging termination level " signal, think that storage battery is in Full Charge Capacity this moment, and software carries out following operation:
The storage battery current electric quantity is made as Full Charge Capacity (according to the capacity decision of used storage battery);
Charging current is set level be made as 0V, make storage battery stop charging;
2 charging Control Parameter charge capacity Q are filled with discharge electricity amount Q put zero clearing;
The initial charge termination flag is set to 1;
The trickle flag bit is set to 1.
Cause losing of the storage battery current electric quantity that adding up for avoid slave computer to reset or slave computer switching etc., thereby the situation that can not control charge in batteries effectively takes place, when program restarts operation in any case, need at first adopt V/T curve controlled storage battery once to charge, software is monitored V/T charging termination level signal always, after receiving this signal, thinks that the initial state of storage battery is clear and definite, be in fully charged state, just can carry out ampere-hour meter charging control.Below sign is used for ampere-hour meter control:
The initial charge termination flag:
After the 1--representation program reruns, received hardware V/T charging termination level signal one time, this moment, storage battery was in fully charged state, also was that the initial condition of storage battery is clear and definite, can carry out ampere-hour meter control;
After the 0--representation program reruns, also do not receive hardware V/T charging termination level signal, this moment, charge in batteries was under the hardware V/T curve controlled, did not start ampere-hour meter control.
The trickle flag bit:
The 1-battery is in full state, does not carry out ampere-hour meter control;
The 0--battery is in large current charge state or discharge condition, can carry out ampere-hour meter control.
Turnover shadow level:
The 1-satellite is in illumination period, and solar battery array is subjected to illumination, and the energy power output can charge a battery;
The 0--satellite is in the shadow zone, ground, and solar battery array is not subjected to photograph, does not have power output, is electric by battery discharging.
After being full of electricity, trickle mark position 1 is after turnover shadow level is 0, with this position 0.
The initial charge termination flag be 1 and trickle be masked as at 0 o'clock, can carry out ampere-hour meter control.Carrying out ampere-hour meter when control, if turnover shadow level is 0, charging current is set level is made as 0V, according to computing formula Q put=Q puts+discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) calculating accumulator discharge electricity amount; If turnover shadow level is 1, according to computing formula Q fill=Q fills+charging current (A) * time interval (h)/charge ratio calculating accumulator charge capacity, according to current electric quantity appropriate charging current is set, and constantly relatively Q fill-Q puts, when Q fill-Q puts 〉=0, the expression storage battery is full of, and software carries out following operation:
Immediately charging current is set level and be made as 0V, stop to charge a battery;
Q filled with Q be placed as 0;
With trickle mark position 1;
Current electric quantity is changed to Full Charge Capacity.
Having only turnover shadow level is 1 o'clock, and promptly satellite is in illumination period, and when solar battery array energy power output can charge a battery, just relatively Q filled, Q is put and put charging current.
The calculating that Q fills, Q is put is carried out once per 2 seconds.
Under normal circumstances, ampere-hour meter always reaches the charging termination condition prior to the V/T curve, if but the V/T curve reaches the charging termination condition prior to ampere-hour meter, illustrate that ampere-hour accumulative total has occurred than mistake, and software carries out following operation:
The storage battery current electric quantity is changed to Full Charge Capacity;
Charging current is set level be made as 0V, stop to charge a battery;
2 charging Control Parameter Q are filled with Q put zero clearing;
With trickle mark position 1.
The setting of charging current and change are that the variation with the storage battery current electric quantity changes in charging process.
The computational methods of current electric quantity are:
Electric weight+[charging current (the A) * time interval (h)]/charge ratio-discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of current electric quantity=last time
It is definite that the value of current electric quantity can be injected data by ground, also can determine by receiving V/T charging termination level signal, shows that this moment, storage battery was in the Full Charge Capacity state.
Is 1 o'clock in current electric quantity less than charging commentaries on classics stage thresholding and turnover shadow level, and it is one grade of set point, i.e. large current charge that charging current is set level; Is 1 o'clock in current electric quantity greater than charging commentaries on classics stage thresholding and turnover shadow level, and it is second gear set point, i.e. low current charge that charging current is set level; When current electric quantity reached Full Charge Capacity, the expression storage battery had been full of electricity, and charging current is set level and is made as 0V, stops to charge a battery.Can count function by up notes with the second gear default value for one grade revises.
Claims (4)
1. an accumulator charging control method is characterized in that comprising the steps: by software ampere-hour meter control
(1) solar battery array, batteries and power-supply controller of electric are set in the satellite power supply subsystem, charging regulator BCR and power supply slave computer are set in power-supply controller of electric are used for batteries constant current charge and the control of ampere-hour meter charging termination;
(2) charging regulator BCR is serially connected between power supply buses and the batteries, this charging regulator BCR is a kind of buck PWM-type Switching Power Supply that is subjected to software control, on the one hand busbar voltage is reduced to accumulator battery voltage, going out constant charging current by the charging current reference level from the bus adjusted on the other hand is battery charging;
(3) press 1 time collection period collection in 1 second battery charging electric current, discharging current by the power supply slave computer, be reduced into the actual physical amount, be used for calculating accumulator group charge capacity and discharge electricity amount according to demarcating good coefficient;
(4) principal function and ampere-hour meter control function are set in the software of power supply slave computer, carry out the calculating of 1 batteries electric weight every 2 seconds, comprise battery charging electric weight, discharge electricity amount and current electric quantity, write suitable charging current according to the current electric quantity value of calculating to D/A converter and set level, promptly preestablish 1 charging current and change the stage thresholding, change the stage during thresholding when the current electric quantity value less than charging current, it is 1 grade that charging current is set level, is large current charge; When the current electric quantity value was changeed the stage thresholding and do not reached Full Charge Capacity greater than charging current, it was 2 grades that charging current is set level, is low current charge; When the current electric quantity value reaches Full Charge Capacity, show that batteries is full of, it is 0 that charging current is set level, stops to be battery charging;
(5) the analog output channel D/A converter by the power supply slave computer provides the charging current of charging regulator BCR to set level;
(6) charging current that provides according to D/A converter is set level, relies on the current feedback of closed loop to regulate, and the output current of regulating charging regulator BCR reaches the charging current setting level of setting.
2. accumulator charging control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the backup means of traditional hardware V/T curve controlled as software ampere-hour meter control.
3. accumulator charging control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described principal function flow process concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the power supply program of lower computer starts operation;
(2) parameter initialization setting:
Charging current is set level=maximum
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=0
Trickle flag bit=0
(3) patrol and examine telemetry parameter and the packing send to main frame;
(4) judge turnover shadow level signal,, show,, change step (5) over to trickle mark position 0 in the shadow region if turnover shadow level is 0; If turnover shadow level is 1, show at area of illumination, directly change step (5) over to;
(5) according to V/T charging termination electrical level judging charging termination whether;
(6) if V/T charging termination level is 1, show charging termination, following parameters be set:
Charging current is set level=0
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=1
Trickle flag bit=1
Change step (3) over to;
(7) if V/T charging termination level is 0, continue to judge 2 seconds timers whether to, trickle flag bit whether be 0, whether the initial charge termination flag be 1 three conditions, if above-mentioned three conditions all satisfy, enter the ampere-hour meter control function, otherwise change step (3) over to.
4. accumulator charging control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ampere-hour meter control function flow process concrete steps are as follows:
(1) beginning ampere-hour meter control function;
(2) read charging current, discharging current, three telemetry parameters of turnover shadow level;
(3) if turnover shadow level is 0, show, be provided with or calculate following parameters in the shadow region:
Charging current is set level=0
Discharge electricity amount+discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of discharge electricity amount=last time
Electric weight+[charging current (the A) * time interval (h)]/charge ratio-discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of current electric quantity=last time
Change step (8) over to;
(4) if turnover shadow level is 1, show, calculate following parameters at area of illumination:
Electric weight+[charging current (the A) * time interval (h)]/charge ratio-discharging current (the A) * time interval (h) of charge capacity+charging current (the A) * time interval (the h)/charge ratio current electric quantity of charge capacity=last time=last time;
(5) compare charge capacity and discharge electricity amount;
(6) if charge capacity greater than discharge electricity amount, is provided with following parameters:
Charging current is set level=0
Current electric quantity=Full Charge Capacity
Charge capacity=0
Discharge electricity amount=0
Initial charge termination flag=1
Trickle flag bit=1
Change step (8) over to;
(7) if charge capacity less than discharge electricity amount, continue to judge whether current electric quantity changes the stage thresholding less than charging current, if current electric quantity is changeed the stage thresholding less than charging current, it is 1 grade of value of setting that charging current is set level, is large current charge, changes step (8) then over to, if current electric quantity is changeed the stage thresholding greater than charging current, it is 2 grades of values of setting that charging current is set level, is low current charge, changes step (8) then over to;
(8) finish the ampere-hour meter control function.
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