CN100365355C - Plastic transmitting type solar concentrator - Google Patents
Plastic transmitting type solar concentrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN100365355C CN100365355C CNB2004100209742A CN200410020974A CN100365355C CN 100365355 C CN100365355 C CN 100365355C CN B2004100209742 A CNB2004100209742 A CN B2004100209742A CN 200410020974 A CN200410020974 A CN 200410020974A CN 100365355 C CN100365355 C CN 100365355C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a plastic transmission type solar energy condenser which has the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost, high heat power, convenient operation and broad application. The plastic transmission type solar energy condenser is composed of a spherical or cylindrical fresnel lens, a bracket, a tracking device and a heat absorption device, wherein the fresnel lens is formed by that plastic curved focusing plates made by a mirror surface area dividing method are spliced; the light facing surfaces of the mirror surface formed from the curved focusing plates all form the shape of a spherical surface or a cylindrical surface with the same diameter, and the surfaces facing to a focal point all form a series of concentric annular planes or linear planes; a light focusing mirror surface is arranged on a support frame in the shape of a ball crown surface, and a frame in the shape of a spherical surface is fixed on a girder arranged on a weft-wise tracking shaft of the condenser; the weft-wise tracking shaft of the condenser is arranged on a condenser bracket with a warp-wise rotating shaft through a U-shaped bracket, a light energy absorption device and heat absorption medium are arranged on the bottom end of the girder, and the light energy absorption device is connected to a heat energy converter through a heat obsorption medium conduit. The present invention is suitable for being used as family energy sources and industrial energy sources.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to technical field of solar utilization technique, exactly it is a kind of plastics transparent type solar energy condenser.
Background technology:
The energy is the requisite material of human lives, and the kind of the energy is a lot, as: oil, coal, natural gas, nuclear energy etc.But oil, coal, this class natural energy resources of natural gas always have exhausted that day, though nuclear energy efficient height, service time is long, needs huge investment, in case very harmful to the mankind of having an accident.Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible natural energy resources, and is environmentally friendly, is subjected to various countries scientist's attention in recent years.
Human use's solar energy has history remote, as: burning plant, coal, oil, natural gas etc., that is an indirect utilization solar energy.Directly utilized modern age the technology of solar energy that photocell, solar water heater, solar cooker, solar turbine power station etc. are arranged.But because the energy density of sunshine is low, temporal intermittence stores difficulty or the like significant problem and is not effectively solved, and people utilize the situation of solar energy not form as yet on a large scale.Wherein main cause is that solar cell power is too little, and cost is too high, still can not popularize civilian.In recent years solar water heater has obtained tremendous development, and technology reaches its maturity, and has formed the industry of considerable scale gradually.But the shortcoming of solar water heater is to produce hot water, can not produce boiling water and steam, and it is used future and has a greatly reduced quality, and not fully up to expectations regretting arranged.Solar cooker is in the low state of development especially.The end of the seventies, the beginning of the eighties, solar cooker heat was once arranged both at home and abroad, and people did a large amount of trial experiments, and the solar cooker of being reported is most to be the reflection type mirror concentrator, its fatal weakness is that to connect light area little, the heat that produces can not satisfy people's daily demand, and in addition, solar cooker can only be operated in the open, wind, sand, low temperature make the thermal efficiency of solar cooker lower.Secondly, the solar cooker condenser mirror is following, and the luminous energy absorption plant is pedaled and climbed down last, and operation is extremely inconvenient, and the sunshine tracking problem is also outstanding more, and in fact, the solar cooker of existing structure by people is negated.
Once report dull and stereotyped transmission-type Fresnel spotlight the eighties, not a whoop and a holler as mirror reflection condenser, analyze its reason, may cost an arm and a leg for light transmissive material at that time, dull and stereotyped Fei Shi concentrator rigidity is not enough, easily causes scattering, complex structure, handle inconvenience, so that do not have bigger substantial progress.China Patent No.: 96242005 disclose the utility model patent China Patent No. that a kind of name is called " indoor multifunctional solar stove ": 99228183 disclose the utility model patent that a kind of name is called " glass vacuum solar collector tubes concentrator ", and their structure all is traditional forms.Patent 99211497.7 umbrella shape transparent type solar energy kitchen range optically focused principles also are the Fresnel prism refraction principles, but its statement is unclear, its prism bottom surface is expressed as the cylinder parallel with the minute surface axis, rather than allow the conical surface of all fringences by focus, thereby reduce light gathering efficiency more than at least 7%, its structure has difficulties on the implementation, the practicality exploration of still needing.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plastics transparent type solar energy condenser, in order to big-power solar to be provided.Its optically focused principle comes down to a kind of improvement of dull and stereotyped Fresnel spotlight, at first, what it utilized is a series of prism refraction principle: the prism plane of incidence and plane of refraction angle are bigger, the refraction angle is bigger, in a plane, the corner dimension of prism is relevant with its present position in the plane, and principle is that the light of prism its refraction of optional position in the plane makes on its focus that is incident upon this level crossing all the time; Focal length is also relevant with the prism angle, and the angle of the prism of same position is bigger in the plane, and focal length is shorter; In a word designing requirement be with the light transmittance height, easy to operate be main idea.Secondly, transmission-type concentrator main points of the present invention are to have utilized sphere or cylinder optically focused principle: its plane of incidence of each prism is the sphere shape or the cylinder shape of same curvature, its plane of refraction is a planar shaped, the sunlight that is reflected will converge on the singular point that is called as focus, can obtain the maximum ratio that focuses on, this is the inaccessiable focusing index of classic flat-plate Fresnel spotlight.Utilize concentrator of the present invention, focus temp surpasses thousand degree, can be used for cutting, welding, melt various metals, does various scientific experiments.Once more, why transmission-type concentrator of the present invention selects sphere shape or cylinder shape concentration structure to be because this structure has the highest rigidity of structure, and the raw material consumption of economizing most makes focused ray have minimum scattering, thereby improves the sunlight energy that converges to focus.The 4th, the used light transmissive material of concentrator of the present invention is not traditional glass, but replaces with transparent plastic, and the transparent plastic kind is more and more at present, and price is more and more lower, and this is the progress in epoch, also is the material base that the present invention can be successful.Plastics are inexpensive, are easy to machine-shaping, light weight, and flexible is easy to bonding reparation.Transparent plastic sheet places mould to add thermal deformation and makes it simultaneously become local bright and clean sphere shape (or cylinder shape) another side to be molded into each concentric ring of a series of concentric rings plane (or stripe-shape plane) and all to be pressed into planar shaped, each concentric ring and spherical outside surface constitute the prism of a series of different angles, the sunlight of all refraction by prisms all converges on the focus of this sphere, and contemplated curved surface solar panel is promptly accused and finished.Also can achieve the above object with the injection moulding way equally.One mold can mold pressing go out ten million transparent plastic curved surface solar panel.Little toy for children, the teaching appliance of arriving of size that concentrator of the present invention is related, big volleyball court, the basketball court big scale like that arrives, even install the series, parallel use like tens hot houses, form genuine solar energy field, each large-scale beam condensing unit is equivalent to a miniature boiler.The 5th, the block split plot design has been adopted in the processing of concentrator curved surface solar panel of the present invention, no matter how huge condenser mirror, and its optically focused principle is identical, have only and could produce large-scale at an easy rate or the ultra-large type collector lens with machine tool with the block split plot design, this be another theoretical foundation of the present invention.
Concrete structure of the present invention is as follows:
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, it is by collector lens, support, tracking means and light and heat energy absorption plant are formed, it is characterized in that: collector lens is made up of 1 splicing of polylith curved surface solar panel, every lens transparent plastic mold pressing or injection mo(u)lding, to sunlight one side all is sphere shape or cylinder shape with diameter, the focusing one side all is a planar shaped, be installed on the sphere shape support frame 2, sphere shape support frame 2 is fixed on the truss 3, truss 3 is installed on the concentrator broadwise tracking axis 4, concentrator broadwise tracking axis 4 is installed in the two ends of U-shaped support 8, U-shaped support 8 is installed on the warp-wise tracking axis 7, warp-wise tracking axis 7 is installed in fixed support 9 and warp-wise is followed the tracks of on the bearing assembly 10, in truss 3 bottoms light and heat energy absorption plant 12 is housed, and is connected on the thermal energy conversion device 16 by heat-absorbing medium conduit 13.Curved surface solar panel 1 is made for transparent material, and truss 3 is connect by rod member 5 with concentrator broadwise tracking axis 4.Light and heat energy absorption plant 12 outer surfaces are equipped with muff 11.Safety valve 14, alarm 15 and hydrothermal solution valve 17 are installed on the thermal energy conversion device 16.
Advantage of the present invention is of many uses: the plastics transparent type solar energy condenser thermal power of a diameter of phi 3m-Φ 5m can satisfy the average family energy fully between 4-12kw, as: heat up water, cook, warm oneself, generate electricity, freeze, dry or the like purposes; Another advantage be condenser lens last, the light and heat energy absorption plant can be made into the in-house operation formula down, has overcome the drawback of the open-air operation of reflective minute surface solar cooker.No matter be that the reflective type solar kitchen range all can't be comparable with these plastics transparent type solar energy condenser from power, on the cost, in the operation.The solar energy metric density is low, this is an objective fact, in order to obtain enough solar energies, must increase the light area that connects of concentrator as far as possible, but excessive area will be unfavorable for the mould manufacturing, transportation is installed also inconvenient, at this problem, the present invention utilizes minute surface block split plot design that the concentrator minute surface is resolved into several portions, and each part promptly is named as the curved surface solar panel, relevant curved surface solar panel is spliced on the steel spherical frame successively by designing requirement, finish the assembling of curved surface solar panel.The steel spherical frame is connect by the metal boom mutually with the light and heat energy absorption plant that places focus, constitutes relatively-stationary optically focused-heat absorption device.This device is connected with the support of fixed bottom boundary by bearing or universal joint, makes it carry out two dimension easily and rotates, and is used to follow the tracks of sunshine.
In order scientificlly and effectively to utilize solar energy, except having the large tracts of land beam condensing unit, also should have good light and heat energy absorption plant, accurate sunshine tracking device, effectively thermal energy conversion device and practical energy accumulating device.These all are to be designed to the related content of core with the curved surface solar panel.
Adopt black matrix heat-absorbing materials such as the resistant to elevated temperatures black nickel of coated, carborundum, ferrous metal mineral micro mist on absorber plate about the heat absorbing part the present invention in the light and heat energy absorption plant.Heat is delivered to thermal energy conversion device by the fluid in the heat pipe in the light and heat energy absorption plant.
Can adopt two approach about thermal energy conversion device, as: heat up water, cook, warm oneself with heat, can adopt and use water as heat transfer medium.As: cooking, baked goods etc. can be adopted the hot pipe technique or the deep fat conduction technique of having invented.
About the most direct feasible way of energy accumulating device is to utilize high temperature luminous energy with coal or gasifying stalk, but changes into coal gas, in order to night or the overcast and rainy heat energy of using.The high temperature luminous energy that in the future if can realize utilizing focusing is with water photodissociation hydrogen and oxygen, and human use's solar energy will enter a new period.The invention provides brand-new high power high-temperature light source, for the photodissociation level has been equipped with condition.
About the day optrack, mature technology has multiple, the most feasible is that heat sensor is installed around the light and heat energy absorption plant, in a single day the sunlight focal spot departs from the light and heat energy absorption plant and heats a certain heat sensor, this sensor primer fluid pressure device makes concentrator deflection till the sunlight focal spot aligns the light and heat energy absorption plant again.This is the process of a dynamic equilibrium.
The present invention mainly states the transmission focusing device and the tracking means of sunshine.Other can be realized with routine techniques as light and heat energy absorption plant, thermal energy conversion device, storage device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a point focusing plastics transparent type solar energy condenser structure chart.
Fig. 2 moulds material transmission-type " Fresnel " collector lens schematic diagram for spherical crown surface.Indicate collector lens and be divided into 25 parts, produced A, B, three kinds of curved surface solar panels of C type.Particularly point out: the collector lens area is big more, and the solar panel type of its formation is many more, until being convenient to processing and producing.
Fig. 3 is category-A type (center type) curved surface solar panel, indicates the serial prism that it is made up of the inner plane of the outer surface of sphere shape and serial concentric ring.
Fig. 4 is a category-B type curved surface solar panel, and it is trapezoidal that it is shaped as sphere, and spherical outer surface and serial ladder arc inner plane are formed serial prism, and from inside to outside, each prism angle increases, and width reduces.
Fig. 5 is a C type curved surface solar panel, and it is trapezoidal that it is shaped as sphere, and spherical outer surface and serial ladder arc inner plane are formed serial prism, and from inside to outside, each prism angle increases, and width reduces.
Fig. 6 is for supporting the sphere shape support frame of curved surface solar panel.Bent, be welded by the metal rectangular light-wall pipe, the pipe thickness is drawn by exaggeration.
Fig. 7 is the prism and " Fresnel " prism comparison diagram of concentrator of the present invention.
The linear focus solar concentrator schematic diagram of Fig. 8 for being spliced to form by cylinder curved surface solar panel.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
On behalf of the present invention, Fig. 1 put the detailed structure view of burnt formula solar concentrator.5 parts are arranged substantially: (a), the optically focused part.(b), sunlight heat absorption part.(c), thermal power transfer is used part.(d), concentrator support section.(e), sunshine tracking part.
(a), " optically focused part ": be core content of the present invention.Form by figure number among Fig. 11,2,, be fixed on the sphere shape support frame 2, form large-scale sphere shape " Fresnel " collector lens by the designing requirement splicing by the curved surface solar panel 1 of mold pressing of polylith transparent plastic or injection mo(u)lding.So arrange by processing, production, assembling, convenient transportation decision.Because a concentrator must have enough energy if make the domestic consumer satisfied, energy shortage, design is exquisite again, also will be eliminated by the user.Between 2～10 kilowatts, the solar ray energy metric density of earth surface is low at least for general home-use energy thermal power, measures according to the parties concerned, and every square metre thermal power has between 400～700 watts.Now with mean value calculation, the sunlight of 2～10kw thermal power connects light area, at least should be at 3.6～18m
2Between, diameter must be at the area of a circle of 2～5m.Like this big surface area, to the requirement not only harshness but also difficulty of plastic processing mould, expensive, transportation inconvenience is installed difficult.The way that solves is to resolve into several portions with connecing the photosphere face, i.e. minute surface block split plot design. connect the light area size according to designed concentrator, can be divided into different piece,, process by mode illustrated in Figure 2 for the concentrator of φ 3m～φ 5m diameter.Spherical caustic surface is divided into 25 parts, and the centre is the circular solar panel of a reduced size.(even so diminish, also getting large size plastic jetting-moulding device could produce.)
With reference to the A code name among the figure 2, the trapezoidal curved surface solar panel of the sphere B that splices 12 homalographics in the outer rim of A, constitute a ring-type sphere, the trapezoidal curved surface solar panel of the sphere C that splices 12 homalographics in the outer rim of B again, constitute another ring-type sphere, A, B, C, three kinds of curved surface solar panels are spliced into a complete spherical crown surface shape collector lens, with reference to the accompanying drawings 3,4,5, accompanying drawing 3 is represented A shape plate, and accompanying drawing 4 is represented the Type B plate, accompanying drawing 5 is represented the C template, accompanying drawing 3,4,5 all makes a farfetched comparison Fig. 2 and amplifies 1 times, is clear display, and it is all exaggerative significantly than actual prism that each organizes prism.Its solar panel gross thickness has only the 5-10 millimeter on the lens sizes of φ 3m～φ 5m.All 25 curved surface solar panels all are fixed on the sphere shape support frame 2 in an orderly manner, and (with reference to the accompanying drawings 6), sphere shape support frame is a metal framework, and its steel by rectangle, aluminium, plastic-steel material bend, are welded.Do 3 circles earlier by size, make 24 circular-arc quarter butts again, weld by the figure connection, metal framework must be processed by designing requirement, meticulous prefabricated each member, especially spherical outside surface does not allow the out-of-size scope, each prefabricated curved surface solar panel edge will just in time be buckled on the framework, cements each solar panel with viscose glue earlier, thereafter at the punching of rectangular tube intersection of welding, threading, fix each piece solar panel with screw, constitute complete huge spherical crown surface " Fresnel " collector lens thus with protruding pad.For larger sized collector lens by that analogy, can select the curved surface solar panel of more multistage number for use.
Fig. 2 is desirable spherical crown surface shape " Fresnel " collector lens schematic diagram, and lens are made by certain thickness plastic plate mold pressing or injection moulding.Its spherical outside surface is the spherical crown surface of a high accuracy, best bright finish, inner lens surfaces is the ladder plane of a series of concentric annular, each ladder plane is all parallel with the baseplane, each ladder height is the same, each outward flange present position, ladder plane requires to equate with centre of sphere distance, promptly require the outer rim on ladder plane equal, to guarantee being linked with enough mechanical strengths between solar panel prism and the prism to the distance (thickness) of lens spherical outside surface." cylinder " that each concentric ring plane and lens spherical outside surface and ladder height form will constitute the prism of a series of concentric annular, and the end of a prism is the head end of another prism, so extend, and be long-pending up to reaching the desired optical cross section of people.All light of each prism will all be refracted on the singular point that is called focus.It is worth noting, for guaranteeing that lens have the highest luminous energy amount of refraction, the bottom surface of each annular prism height direction is not " cylinder " on the ordinary meaning, but frustum cone side, its elongated surfaces constitutes a conical surface, and this conical surface promptly is the formed conical surface of sunlight unirefringence line by the prism bottom surface.Its cone angle of prism far away of healing from the lens centre is bigger, and the prism angle is also bigger, can illustrate with graphing method easily.
About the difference of concentrator prism of the present invention and traditional Fresnel prism with reference to the accompanying drawings 7.
Figure first among Fig. 7 is traditional Fresnel lens, and 00 ' is the lens centre axle, and by finding out among the figure, prism decentre axle is far away, and its cone angle to focus is bigger, obviously r
2＞r
1, the prism angle theta
2＞θ
1, represent the half-angle of this cone angle as the α in Fig. 7 second.The mn plate is a public substrate of fixing all prisms, otherwise prism can't be determined its position, and this is injection molded into an integral body by designing requirement with it when mold pressing or injection moulding.Single prism rings is end to end successively will to form a curved surface solar panel.
Figure second among Fig. 7 is modified of the present invention " Fresnel " concentrator schematic diagram.Same r
2＞r
1, θ
2＞θ
1α represents at the angle half-angle that prolongs the cone angle that forms when overfocus after this prism bottom surface, place sunlight line birefringence, different is that solar panel outer surface of the present invention is a sphere shape, requires the bottom surface of each prism and the conical surface of place, bottom surface sunlight unirefringence line formation to coincide, and constitutes a conical surface.All light by prism all focus on the singular point that is called focus, its focus be that other Fei Shi concentrator is impayable for a short time, be a focused spot as the figure first.These characteristics mean that focus of the present invention can obtain higher temperature, more wide purposes will be arranged, as Metal Cutting, welding, fusing, destructive distillation, purification, photochemical reaction or the like.
(b). " sunlight heat absorption part ": be important component part of the present invention.Form by figure number 11,12,13.12 is light and heat energy absorption plants, comprise intensions such as photo-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage medium, luminous energy absorbs container and is placed on the focus of concentrator, can adopt traditional adiabatic black matrix absorption techniques to the sunlight one side, as adopt vacuum insulation, black nickel coating heat absorption, change luminous energy into heat energy.Heat energy passes to and the contacted heat absorption carrier of black nickel coating case again.According to heat energy application target difference, the heat absorption carrier can be divided into several situations.1 kind is to make heat transfer medium with light water, as boiling water, cooks, and heating, producing steam can use water as heat transfer medium; 2 kinds of situations can select for use oils to do heat transfer medium if will wish to obtain in cooking, the baking etc. warm target, do the temperature that medium can obtain 300 ℃ as castor oil.3 kinds of situations if will wish to obtain higher serviceability temperature, can select for use the metal of low temperature fusing point or salt to do heat transfer medium, as KNO
3, NaNO
3Salt-mixture, the heat carrier that contains the heat absorption salt can be transferred to other with heat place, can realize that with Thermo Isolation Technique quick heat release reaches people with slow heat release and uses hot purpose.11 is the heat insulation sheath of light and heat energy absorption plant, its effect is the hot transmission loss that as far as possible reduces the light and heat energy absorption plant. the present invention adopts foaming asbestos putty or glass fibre to make insulation material, the insulation material outside is a protective metal shell, prevents insulation material fragmentation, contaminated environment.13 is the heat-absorbing medium conduit, different with pressure according to serviceability temperature, can select different materials for use, as: with plastic tube, rubber tube or metal tube etc.
(c) " thermal power transfer use part ": also be key component of the present invention.By figure number 14,15,16,17 form.The 16th, heat absorption mounting medium holder also is the thermal power transfer container.For safety, the convenient application, code name 14 has been installed on thermal energy conversion device, the heat-storing device safety valve when container inner pressure transfinites, plays the safeguard protection effect.Device 15, the heat-storing device alarm, the signal that gives the alarm when temperature surpasses serviceability temperature correctly uses in order to people.17 hydrothermal solution bleeders.When heat carrier reaches serviceability temperature, open this valve and can take out hot liquid easily, as hot water or boiling water or high-temperature steam.About the reasons are as follows that thermal energy conversion device uses: concentrator light and heat energy absorption plant must be installed on the focus of concentrator, this focus constantly changes to give with the sunlight position uses heat energy to make troubles, as heat up water, cook, cooking direct direct control on the light and heat energy absorption plant just, must place a fixed position.By the heat transfer pipeline thermophore is introduced in the thermal energy conversion device.Thermal energy conversion device can have two kinds of methods, and a kind of is direct conversion, promptly directly uses from heat transfer pipeline defeated next hot water, boiling water, steam; A kind of indirect conversion of crying promptly enters in the coil pipe that is provided with the thermal energy conversion device from the defeated next thermophore of heat transfer pipeline, by the heat absorption carrier in the coil pipe heating thermal energy conversion device, and solar energy equipment of the present invention as required, two kinds of methods all can be used.
(d)。" support section "
Part except that three parts of above narration all can be included into support section, comprises figure number 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10.As everyone knows, the feature of solar concentrator is only could obtain high temperature heat at focus point, and the track of the sun is that the west falls by the east rise forever, collector lens has only vertical plane could obtain maximum photo-thermal to sunlight to accept efficient, so light and heat energy absorption plant, must be placed on the focus of concentrator, make itself and collector lens be in relatively-stationary position, and can rotate with the collector lens tracks sunlight.The measure that the present invention adopts is that the metal rod with hollow is welded into a kind of truss, shown in 3 among Fig. 1, with collector lens with place the light and heat energy absorption plant of focus to link up, form a kind of fixed relationship, because of the collector lens diameter big, light and heat energy absorption plant diameter is little, and this fixed relationship just forms a kind of solar ray collecting device of taper, and this device rotates in tracks sunlight.Cone-channel condenser is by rod member 5 and broadwise tracking axis 4 firm welding.Broadwise tracking axis 4 is installed on the U-shaped support, can rotate by 90 degree, thereby realizes the tracking of sunlight latitude direction.The U-shaped support is installed on again on the longitudinal tracking axis 7, and longitudinal tracking axis 7 is followed the tracks of bearing assembly 10 with warp-wise and linked to each other.Warp-wise is followed the tracks of bearing assembly 10 by fang bolt and ground fixed in position, should adopt to fixedly install season at wind sand and be advisable, for guaranteeing that cone-channel condenser has a stable focus point, unlikelyly focus is rocked because of wind sand influence, the warp-wise tracking axis should be tried one's best and be considered toward adding length direction, secondly longitudinal is followed the tracks of bearing 7 major diameter steel ball thrust bearing through particular design can be set, and compresses with spring and nut between axle and the bearing and makes its unlikely teeter.Simultaneously, because the variation of medium amount also will make cone-channel condenser latitude direction disequilibrium or produce broadwise vibration effect focusing quality in the influence of wind sand and the light and heat energy absorption plant 12, measure of the present invention is that a cover brake gear is installed on broadwise tracking axis and U-shaped support, with reference among the figure 16.The longitudinal tracking axis equally also is equipped with corresponding brake gear, and concentrator is the time spent not, tight this device of can stopping.Loosen brake during use, but still keep certain brake weight, it can not be rotated arbitrarily, but under the effect of tracking signal, direction rotation on request.
(e) " tracking section ":
Aforesaid latitude direction rotation, longitudinal rotation and braking mechanism had both belonged to support section, had prepared condition for the sunshine tracking function of concentrator again, and automatic tracking problem is mainly narrated in this part.The automatic following function of concentrator of the present invention realizes adopting two kinds of methods.Method 1, tracking technique requirement for middle-size and small-size concentrator, latitude direction rotation 0～90 degree, longitudinal rotation 0～180 degree, this concentrator also can promptly respectively be installed a heat sensor at the edge, upper and lower, left and right of light and heat energy absorption plant 12 from motion tracking except that can manually following the tracks of, the motion of left and right heat sensor control warp-wise, the motion of upper and lower heat sensor control broadwise.In volatile liquid is housed, link by pipeline and the small-sized hydraulic piston of control broadwise rotation with the longitudinal rotation, the morning concentrator is aimed at the sunlight that rises, rising with the sun, the focal spot of light is heated heat sensor off-focal, and expansion evaporates, promote piston, make the concentrator focal spot return the focal position again.So analogize, concentrator will be followed to the sun always and be fallen.Be the control piston movement position, on the piston feed line, install non-return valve additional, with non-return piston retraction.For replenishing the hydraulic pressure oil mass, can on pipeline, install the additional lubricating cup of band check valve additional.Method 2 for the tracking technique requirement of large-scale concentrator, beyond decapacitation is manually controlled, is more wanted and can accurately be controlled automatically, can adopt the singlechip technology of temperature-sensitive signal of telecommunication control.The Single-chip Controlling servo electrical machinery system is realized control function automatically.
Fig. 8 is the linear focus solar concentrator schematic diagram that utilizes cylinder curved surface solar panel of the present invention to be spliced to form.The burnt concentrator of big molded lines can be made and fixedly also can make tracking mode.Code name 1 is the curved surface solar panel among Fig. 8, but this moment, focus was converted into a straight line, and 12 is the light and heat energy absorption plant, and 16 is thermal energy conversion device.Because solar panel is a stationary installation, 12 of light and heat energy absorption plants must be made the function with energy tracks sunlight focal line.
Claims (5)
1. plastics transparent type solar energy condenser, it is by collector lens, support, tracking means and light and heat energy absorption plant are formed, it is characterized in that: collector lens is made up of polylith curved surface solar panel (1), with transparent plastic mold pressing or injection mo(u)lding, to sunlight one side all is sphere shape or cylinder shape with diameter, the focusing one side all is the planar shaped or the strip planar shaped of a series of concentric annular, be installed on the sphere shape support frame (2), sphere shape support frame (2) is fixed on the truss (3), truss (3) is installed on the concentrator broadwise tracking axis (4), concentrator broadwise tracking axis (4) is installed in the two ends of U-shaped support (8), U-shaped support (8) is installed on the warp-wise tracking axis (7), warp-wise tracking axis (7) is followed the tracks of bearing assembly (10) with warp-wise and is connected, warp-wise is followed the tracks of bearing assembly (10) and is connected with fixed support (9) by lead screw, in truss (3) bottom light and heat energy absorption plant (12) is housed, light and heat energy absorption plant (12) is connected on the thermal energy conversion device (16) by heat-absorbing medium conduit (13).
2. plastics transparent type solar energy condenser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: collector lens is divided into some blocks, each block manufactures different size curved surface solar panel (1) separately, and its splicing is fixed on the corresponding sphere shape support frame (2), be combined into a whole sphere shape collector lens.
3. plastics transparent type solar energy condenser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: truss (3) is the taper truss, and truss (3) is connected by rod member (5) with concentrator broadwise tracking axis (4).
4. plastics transparent type solar energy condenser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: light and heat energy absorption plant (12) is outer to be with muff (11), and muff (11) is made up of insulation material and lagging casing.
5. plastics transparent type solar energy condenser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: safety valve (14), alarm (15) and hydrothermal solution bleeder (17) are housed on the thermal energy conversion device (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100209742A CN100365355C (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2004-07-15 | Plastic transmitting type solar concentrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100209742A CN100365355C (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2004-07-15 | Plastic transmitting type solar concentrator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1595011A CN1595011A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN100365355C true CN100365355C (en) | 2008-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100209742A Expired - Fee Related CN100365355C (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2004-07-15 | Plastic transmitting type solar concentrator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100365355C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102073132B (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-27 | 付克来 | Solar three-cavity tube focusing device |
| US9520519B2 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2016-12-13 | Jaime Caselles Fornés | Direct solar-radiation collection and concentration element and panel |
| CN103322695B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏安华电气自动化有限公司 | High-temperature heat-gathering device in a kind of solar energy |
| CN103471256B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-06-24 | 广东工业大学 | Nanometer molten salt phase-change energy storage solar furnace |
| CN104020518B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-05-20 | 广东工业大学 | Fresnel polar-shaft type fixed-focus light-gathering device and guide-rod design method thereof |
| CN106832392B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-10-22 | 青海大学 | A kind of solar energy system and method using two-step method recycling carbon fiber |
| CN107159075B (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-11-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of outdoor off-line type solar energy photocatalytic reaction unit based on Fresnel Lenses optically focused |
| CN107237455A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-10 | 宋佳 | Sunshade optically focused canopy |
| TWI739652B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-09-11 | 愛能有限公司 | Solar panel for pitched roof and construction method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2458768A1 (en) * | 1979-06-13 | 1981-01-02 | Champeau Andre | Swivelling solar heat collection module - has lens to concentrate suns rays onto conduit through with liquid flows |
| US4440155A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1984-04-03 | Reynolds & Taylor, Inc. | Solar concentrating lens and receiver |
| CN2290817Y (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-09-09 | 贾瑞福 | Solar heat collector |
| CN2407288Y (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2000-11-22 | 崔金岩 | Solar boiler |
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- 2004-07-15 CN CNB2004100209742A patent/CN100365355C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2458768A1 (en) * | 1979-06-13 | 1981-01-02 | Champeau Andre | Swivelling solar heat collection module - has lens to concentrate suns rays onto conduit through with liquid flows |
| US4440155A (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1984-04-03 | Reynolds & Taylor, Inc. | Solar concentrating lens and receiver |
| CN2290817Y (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-09-09 | 贾瑞福 | Solar heat collector |
| CN2407288Y (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2000-11-22 | 崔金岩 | Solar boiler |
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| CN1595011A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
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