CN100363731C - Horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine - Google Patents
Horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100363731C CN100363731C CNB2006100118761A CN200610011876A CN100363731C CN 100363731 C CN100363731 C CN 100363731C CN B2006100118761 A CNB2006100118761 A CN B2006100118761A CN 200610011876 A CN200610011876 A CN 200610011876A CN 100363731 C CN100363731 C CN 100363731C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a microscopic observation system of a dynamic and static electro-hydraulic servo of a horizontal type, particularly to a testing machine capable of realizing on-position observation in a dynamic and static testing process. The system is mainly composed of a main machine, a hydraulic pressure source and a control system, wherein the main machine is provided with an adjustable oil cylinder sub system, a servo oil cylinder sub system, an optical microscope and a three-dimensional movable slipway so as to provide a testing platform for a test sample; the hydraulic pressure source provides a hydraulic power device for an electro-hydraulic servo testing machine; the control system adopts an electro-hydraulic servo closed-loop control principle and is matched with a corresponding function generator; the control system can finish high loads in a displacement control mode, a loading control mode and a deformation control mode; the testing process of the crackle evolution and the variation of an internal structure of a test component is loaded in a variable frequency mode and is observed in a microscopic mode. Additionally, the system is controlled by a computer, and therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of simple operation, high reliability, large testing load, fast response speed, high control precision, wide frequency band, multiple testing wave shape kinds, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation system, the particularly a kind of testing machine that can realize observation on the throne in sound attitude experimentation belongs to construction material, physical property, structural deformation and Experiments of Machanics technical field.It can be used for testing the sound mechanical property of various metal materials, high strength plastics and similar material, comprise stretching, compression, fatigue, crack propagation, fracturing mechanics and other various mechanical tests, variation and sample internal structure change situation that especially can online observation sample crackle.
Background technology
Along with the development of fracturing mechanics, press for and can finish metal material, the fracture mechanics experiments of intellectual material etc., fatigue experiment especially can observation material fracture process on the throne and material internal structural change, the experimental facilities of Cracks Evolution.Present various material test machine technology is also ripe, CSS-WAWDL type electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine and PLG type HF fatigue testing machine as Changchun Inst of Testing Machine's production, but their many employing gate-types are upright to be framework, adopt single-ended load mode, this design can not provide installing space for corresponding microscopic observation system, also just can not realize the variation and the sample internal structure change situation of online observation sample crackle.Therefore the function generator that coupling is not provided of existing testing machine can not realize that the test of sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, composite wave loads waveform.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation system, can be in the process of stretching, compression, tired various Experiments of Machanics can online observation sample crackle variation or the evolutionary process of sample inner structure, and be equipped with and realize the function generator of sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, composite wave, thereby produce corresponding loading experiment waveform.Native system can be finished displacement, load and be out of shape taking over seamlessly of three kinds of control modes in addition.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine, this device comprises main frame, hydraulic power source and control system, described main frame comprises framework and loads kinematic train, described loading kinematic train comprises the servo-cylinder subsystem, described servo-cylinder subsystem comprises servo-cylinder, be connected with hydraulic chuck with locking pad on being enclosed within this coupling spindle by coupling spindle, in this servo-cylinder piston AC-ACLVDT displacement transducer is installed, it is characterized in that: described framework adopts the horizontal framework of U type, in horizontal frame mid portion three-dimensional Mobile Slide is installed, on this three-dimensional Mobile Slide, optical microscope is installed; Described loading kinematic train also comprises with the servo-cylinder subsystem and is arranged in adjustment oil cylinder subsystem on the same horizontal axis, described adjustment oil cylinder subsystem comprises the adjustment oil cylinder, locking cylinder, the guiding thick stick, trave lling girder, sliding thick stick, hydraulic chuck, load sensor and swelling cover, described sliding thick stick one end is connected with trave lling girder, and this trave lling girder links to each other with the adjustment oil cylinder, and can move on the guiding thick stick, the guiding thick stick is connected with framework by the swelling cover, and this cunning thick stick other end passes framework and is connected with hydraulic chuck with load sensor.Described locking cylinder is installed in adjusts beam breach next door.
Comprise control signal branch road and feedback signal branch road in the described control system of the present invention, described control signal is propped up the route computing machine, the function generator that can produce sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, composite wave, by the DA card, be connected with first pin of comparer, the crus secunda of comparer is connected with the state of a control selector switch, is connected with state of a control selector switch one end, and the described state of a control selector switch other end links to each other respectively with three kinds of sensors; The tripod of comparer is connected with servo-driver by the PID regulator; Described feedback signal is propped up the route computing machine, the AD card, and with displacement, load, deformation-sensor connects.
Hydraulic power source of the present invention comprises in-line, oil return line; Described in-line is through the oil pump unit, and high-pressure filter, accumulator are divided into four branch roads, and first branch road is connected with servo-cylinder by servo-valve; Second branch road is by adjusting solenoid valve, and the superposing type Double throttle check valve is connected with the adjustment cylinder; The 3rd branch road is connected with locking cylinder with the stack retaining valve by solenoid valve; The 4th branch road is connected with hydraulic chuck with solenoid valve by one way pressure-reducing valve; Described oil return line comprises skimmer circuit and major loop, and described skimmer circuit is connected with major loop by three grades of surplus valves; Described major loop process and corresponding four branch roads of in-line and accumulator, plate type heat exchanger, the oil return oil filter, thermometer is connected successively with liquid level gauge.
Three-dimensional Mobile Slide of the present invention is by X, and Y and Z direction mobile device are formed, and described directions X mobile device is by the X-axis line slideway, and X-axis adjusts knob and X-axis is adjusted the platform composition; Described Y direction mobile device is by the Y-axis line slideway, and Y-axis adjusts knob and Y-axis is adjusted the platform composition; Described Z-direction mobile device is by Z axle trimming hand wheel, and leading screw and the turbine box that is installed on the leading screw are formed; Described X-axis is adjusted platform and is installed on the Y-axis adjustment platform by the Y-axis line slideway, and described Y-axis is adjusted platform and is installed on the leading screw, and leading screw slides on the X-axis line slideway.
The present invention has the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: adopted the horizontal framework of U type, for microscopic observation provides the space, loading kinematic train has increased adjustment oil cylinder subsystem, and an end that loads kinematic train can be adjusted to suitable position, and the other end is realized loading; Three-dimensional sliding platform and microscopic system have been installed, make in the process of stretching, compression, tired various Experiments of Machanics can online observation sample crackle variation or the evolutionary process of sample inner structure, and be equipped with and realize the function generator of sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, composite wave, thereby produce corresponding loading experiment waveform.Native system can be finished displacement, load and be out of shape taking over seamlessly of three kinds of control modes in addition; Its loading frequency scope is between 0.01Hz-30Hz; Its maximum test force can reach ± 10kN; This system adopts electro-hydraulic servo loop control theory, characteristics such as response speed is fast, control accuracy height that it has; This machine is by computer control, and it is simple to operate, reliability is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a horizontal main frame synoptic diagram front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is asphalt principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional Mobile Slide synoptic diagram front view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a control system FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1-swelling cover; The 2-thick stick that leads; The 3-trave lling girder; The sliding thick stick of 4-; The 5-copper sheathing; The 6-load sensor; The 7-hydraulic chuck; The 8-test specimen; The 9-coupling spindle; The locking pad of 10-; The 11-framework; The 12-servo-cylinder; The 13-displacement transducer; The 14-oil-in; The 15-solenoid valve; 16-oil pump unit; The 17-high-pressure filter; The 18-accumulator; The 19-servo-valve; 20-adjusts solenoid valve; 21-superposing type Double throttle check valve; 22-adjusts cylinder; The 23-reduction valve that superposes; The 24-retaining valve that superposes; The 25-locking cylinder; The 26-tensimeter; The 27-pressure meter switch; Three grades of surplus valves of 28-; The 29-liquid level gauge; 30-oil return oil filter; The 31-plate type heat exchanger; The 32-thermometer; 33-X axle line slideway; The 34-turbine box; 35-Z axle trimming hand wheel; The 36-screw mandrel; 37-X axial adjustment platform; 38-X axle trimming hand wheel; 39-Y axle line slideway; 40-Y axial adjustment platform; The 41-microscope; The 42-microscope stage; 43-Y axle trimming hand wheel; The three-dimensional Mobile Slide of 44-.
Embodiment
Fig. 1,2 is the horizontal main frame synoptic diagram of U-shaped provided by the invention, described main frame comprises framework 11 and loads kinematic train, described loading kinematic train comprises the servo-cylinder subsystem, described servo-cylinder subsystem comprises servo-cylinder 12, be connected with hydraulic chuck with locking pad 10 on being enclosed within this coupling spindle 9 by coupling spindle 9, in this servo-cylinder piston AC-ACLVDT displacement transducer 13 be installed.Described framework adopts horizontal framework, in the horizontal frame mid portion of U-shaped three-dimensional Mobile Slide 44 is installed, and on this three-dimensional Mobile Slide optical microscope 41 is installed; Described loading kinematic train also comprises with the servo-cylinder subsystem and is arranged in adjustment oil cylinder subsystem on the same horizontal axis, described adjustment oil cylinder subsystem comprises adjusts oil cylinder 22, locking cylinder 25, guiding thick stick 2, trave lling girder 3, sliding thick stick 4, hydraulic chuck 7, load sensor 6, swelling cover 1, described sliding thick stick 4 one ends are connected with trave lling girder 3, this trave lling girder 3 with adjust oil cylinder 22 and link to each other, can on guiding thick stick 2, move, guiding thick stick 2 overlaps 1 by swelling and is connected with framework 11, these cunning thick stick 4 other ends pass framework 11 and are connected with hydraulic chuck 7 with load sensor 6, and described locking cylinder 25 is placed in trave lling girder breach next door.
Its middle frame 11 adopts board-like welded structure, and it has in light weight, complete machine good rigidly, characteristics such as system frequency height; The servo-cylinder subsystem is the device of generation power and displacement in the electrohydraulic servo system, and this system is from designing the optimal dynamic characteristic that has guaranteed low resistance, high frequency sound; Hydraulic chuck 7 can make things convenient for and sample and main frame are rigidly connected; Sensor comprises displacement, load, deformation-sensor, and it is a key component of measuring and participate in FEEDBACK CONTROL, and its precision directly influences control accuracy.Load sensor 6 adopts radial strain burden sensor, has the precision height, the advantage of good stability.This load sensor links together with the hydraulic chuck of adjusting on the oil cylinder subsystem.Displacement transducer 13 adopts AC-ACLVDT displacement transducer, is installed in the servo-cylinder.Deformation-sensor adopts the resistance-strain bridge construction, is attached on the test specimen, can convert the change in displacement in the certain gauge length of test specimen to corresponding electric signal; Adjusting the oil cylinder subsystem mainly is to be used for regulating test space, can actuator be transferred to best control position according to the length of sample.
Simple experimentation: on sliding thick stick 4, move by adjusting oil cylinder 22 promotion trave lling girders 3, thereby promote hydraulic chuck 7 and move to suitable position, pass through fixedly trave lling girder 3 of locking cylinder 25 then, thereby fixed hydraulic chuck 7, can test specimen be loaded by the servo-cylinder 12 and the hydraulic chuck of the other end then, can carry out microexamination by the 41 pairs of test specimens of optical microscope that are installed on the three-dimensional Mobile Slide 44 simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is asphalt principle figure provided by the invention, and hydraulic power source comprises in-line, oil return line; Described in-line is through oil pump unit 16, and high-pressure filter 17, accumulator 18 are divided into four branch roads, and first branch road is connected with servo-cylinder 12 by servo-valve 19; Second branch road is by adjusting solenoid valve 20, and superposing type Double throttle check valve 21 is connected with adjustment cylinder 22; The 3rd branch road is connected with locking cylinder 25 with stack retaining valve 24 by solenoid valve 15; The 4th branch road is connected with hydraulic chuck 7 with solenoid valve 15 by one way pressure-reducing valve 23; Described oil return line comprises skimmer circuit and major loop, and described skimmer circuit is connected with major loop by three grades of surplus valves 28; Described major loop process and corresponding four branch roads of in-line and accumulator 18, plate type heat exchanger 31, oil return oil filter 30, thermometer 32 is connected successively with liquid level gauge 29.
Wherein oil pump unit 16 adopts manual cam-type axial piston pump group, the maximum 251/min of delivery rate, drive motor power 11KW; Servo-valve 19 is in the electrohydraulic servo system, and the key element of electric liquid conversion, native system adopt the grade B servo valve of band hydraulic torque feedback, and its output hydraulic flow is directly proportional with current input signal; Accumulator 18 gets steadily the rheology of high-pressure pump group output ripple oil.
Fig. 4,5 is a three-dimensional Mobile Slide synoptic diagram provided by the invention, and this three-dimensional Mobile Slide is by X-axis, and Y-axis and Z-direction mobile device are formed.Described X-direction mobile device is by X-axis line slideway 33, and X-axis trimming hand wheel 38 and X-axis are adjusted platform 37 and formed; Described Y direction mobile device is by Y-axis line slideway 39, and Y-axis trimming hand wheel 43 and Y-axis are adjusted platform 40 and formed; Described Z-direction mobile device is by leading screw 36, and Z axle trimming hand wheel 35 and the turbine box 34 that is installed on the leading screw 36 are formed.Described X-axis is adjusted platform 37 and is installed on the Y-axis adjustment platform 40 by Y-axis line slideway 39, and described Y-axis is adjusted platform 40 and is installed on the leading screw 36, and leading screw 36 slides on X-axis line slideway 33.
Fig. 6 is a control system process flow diagram provided by the invention.Comprise control signal branch road and feedback signal branch road in the control system, described control signal is propped up the route computing machine, the function generator that can produce sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, composite wave, by the DA card, be connected with first pin of comparer, the crus secunda of comparer is connected with the state of a control selector switch, and the tripod of comparer is connected with servo-driver by the PID regulator; Described feedback signal is propped up the route computing machine, the AD card, and with displacement, load, deformation-sensor connects, and described three kinds of sensors are respectively with the state of a control selector switch and connect.
AD, DA card are the standard I SA bus card AC1830 that buys.The state of a control selector switch is made up of electronic simulation multi-way switch AD7501, and it is controlled by computing machine, by computing machine from three kinds of controlling object promptly: select it a kind of load, displacement and the distortion.The typical circuit that comparer is made up of high precision operating amplifier.It mainly finishes the comparison operation of two-way analog input signal, exports a difference signal and gives the next stage circuit.PID regulator, P are the scale parameters of representing in the control system, and I represents the integral parameter in the control system, and D represents the differential parameter in the control system, all are the typical circuits of being realized by analog computing amplifier.What this machine control was adopted is that poor negative feedback closed loop PID control system is arranged, so the PID controlled adjuster is extremely important to the control accuracy and the system stability of complete machine.The typical simulation circuit that servo-driver is made up of operational amplifier and analog line driver.Effect is after the voltage error signal of importing is amplified, to convert the corresponding current sources signal to, after amplifying through the power drive element, exports to electrohydraulic servo valve.
What this control system adopted is that poor closed loop servo-control system is arranged.The control command signal of signal source output produces an error signal with the controlled feedback signal that " state of a control selector switch " selected at comparer.This error signal is delivered on the valve actuator after regulating through PID, and operation valve promotes the direction motion of oil cylinder towards command request, reduces error with trend steering order target.Whole control process is exactly the output that regulator is constantly adjusted driver, makes the error minimum between its corresponding feedback signal and the setting signal.And the state of a control mode of this system comprises load, displacement and three kinds of modes of strain.
Claims (4)
1. horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine, this device comprises main frame, hydraulic power source and control system, described main frame comprises framework and loads kinematic train, described loading kinematic train comprises the servo-cylinder subsystem, this servo-cylinder subsystem comprises servo-cylinder (12), coupling spindle (9), locking pad (10) and servo-cylinder hydraulic chuck (7), this oil cylinder is connected with the servo-cylinder hydraulic chuck with locking pad (10) on being enclosed within this coupling spindle by coupling spindle (9), AC-ACLVDT displacement transducer (13) is installed in servo-cylinder, it is characterized in that: described framework adopts the horizontal framework of U type, in horizontal frame mid portion three-dimensional Mobile Slide (44) is installed, optical microscope (41) is installed on this three-dimensional Mobile Slide; Described loading kinematic train also comprises with the servo-cylinder subsystem and is arranged in adjustment oil cylinder subsystem on the same horizontal axis, described adjustment oil cylinder subsystem contains adjusts oil cylinder (22), locking cylinder (25), guiding thick stick (2), trave lling girder (3), sliding thick stick (4) is adjusted the oil cylinder hydraulic chuck, load sensor (6) and swelling cover (1); Described sliding thick stick (4) one ends are connected with trave lling girder (3), and the other end of sliding thick stick passes framework (11) and is connected with adjustment oil cylinder hydraulic chuck with load sensor; Described trave lling girder links to each other with adjustment oil cylinder (22), and upward moves along guiding thick stick (2), and the thick stick that leads is connected with framework (11) by swelling cover (1), and described locking cylinder (25) is placed in trave lling girder breach next door.
2. horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control system comprises control signal branch road and feedback signal branch road, described control signal is propped up the route computing machine, one is connected with this computing machine and can produces sine wave, triangular wave, square wave, oblique wave, the function generator of composite wave, the D/A card, comparer, the state of a control selector switch, PID regulator and servo-driver are formed, described D/A card is connected with first pin of comparer, the crus secunda of comparer is connected with state of a control selector switch one end, and the tripod of comparer is connected with servo-driver by the PID regulator; Described feedback signal is propped up the route computing machine, A/D card, and the displacement transducer that links to each other with the A/D card respectively, load transducer and deformation-sensor composition, and described three kinds of sensors link to each other with described state of a control selector switch respectively.
3. horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described hydraulic power source comprises in-line and oil return line two parts; Described in-line is through oil pump unit (16), high-pressure filter (17), accumulator (18) is divided into four branch roads, first branch road is connected with servo-cylinder (12) by servo-valve (19), second branch road is by adjusting solenoid valve (20), superposing type Double throttle check valve (21) is connected with adjustment oil cylinder (22), the 3rd branch road is connected with locking cylinder (25) with stack retaining valve (24) by solenoid valve (15), and the 4th branch road is connected with servo-cylinder hydraulic chuck (7) with solenoid valve (15) by one way pressure-reducing valve (23); Described oil return line comprises skimmer circuit and major loop, described skimmer circuit is connected with major loop by three grades of surplus valves (28), and described major loop is through linking to each other with accumulator (18), plate type heat exchanger (31) and oil return oil filter (30) with corresponding four branch roads of in-line.
4. horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described three-dimensional Mobile Slide (44) is made up of X, Y and Z-direction mobile device, described X-direction mobile device is by X-axis line slideway (33), and X-axis trimming hand wheel (38) and X-axis are adjusted platform (37) and formed; Described Y direction mobile device is by Y-axis line slideway (39), and Y-axis trimming hand wheel (43) and Y-axis are adjusted platform (40) and formed; Described Z-direction mobile device is by Z axle trimming hand wheel (35), and leading screw (36) and the turbine box (34) that is installed on the leading screw are formed; Described X-axis is adjusted platform (37) and is installed on the Y-axis adjustment platform (40) by Y-axis line slideway (39), and described Y-axis is adjusted platform (40) and is installed on the leading screw (36), and leading screw (36) is gone up at X-axis line slideway (33) and slided.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100118761A CN100363731C (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-05-12 | Horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine |
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| CNB2006100118761A CN100363731C (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-05-12 | Horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine |
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| CN1865909A CN1865909A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
| CN100363731C true CN100363731C (en) | 2008-01-23 |
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| CNB2006100118761A Expired - Fee Related CN100363731C (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2006-05-12 | Horizontal dynamic and static electrohydraulic-servo microscopic observation testing machine |
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| CN107907424A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of more of large scale Rock And Soil monitors servo pressurization bottom friction testing system in real time |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6575620B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2003-06-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method and device for visually measuring structural fatigue using a temperature sensitive coating |
| US20040145724A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-07-29 | Hayford Paul D. | Testing of samples |
| CN1548948A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Three-dimensional tomoscanning material testing machine |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6575620B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2003-06-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method and device for visually measuring structural fatigue using a temperature sensitive coating |
| US20040145724A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-07-29 | Hayford Paul D. | Testing of samples |
| CN1548948A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Three-dimensional tomoscanning material testing machine |
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