CN100362050C - Composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100362050C CN100362050C CNB2005101169465A CN200510116946A CN100362050C CN 100362050 C CN100362050 C CN 100362050C CN B2005101169465 A CNB2005101169465 A CN B2005101169465A CN 200510116946 A CN200510116946 A CN 200510116946A CN 100362050 C CN100362050 C CN 100362050C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to composite shielding material and the preparing method thereof, particularly to the composite shielding material and the preparing method thereof used for a neutron source of isotope, and the neutron radiation of nuclear facilities. The utility model is characterized in that the composite shielding material of lead, boron and polyethylene comprises the following mixture ratio ingredient, the lead of 45% to 70% weight parts, the polyethylene of 50% to 25% weight parts, and the boron carbide of 5% weight parts. Compared with the existing metal material such as iron, etc., the shielding composite material of the present invention has the advantages of light weight, the adoption of the corresponding density of the situation of neutron and gamma ray distribution, and excellent neutron radiating shielding performance and gamma radiating shielding performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite shielding material and preparation method thereof, particularly be used for composite shielding material of isotope neutron source, nuclear installation neutron radiation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, in the radiation that isotope neutron source and nuclear equipment produce, the shielding problem that will pay attention to especially is big gamma-rays of penetration power and neutron radiation, the isotopic source or the nuclear installation that produce neutron radiation are generally all supervened gamma-radiation, in order to reduce the suffered irradiation of human body, in the shielding neutron radiation, also should shield gamma-ray irradiation.To the good material of neutron radiation shielding ability is the big material of hydrogen content, and boron is the good material that absorbs thermal neutron, and traditional method is with paraffin infiltration boron compound shielding neutron radiation, and paraffin has advantages such as easy processing, low price, hydrogen content are big; But because its fusing point is low, softening transform is reduced to room temperature again and will be shunk the generation gap after the fusing easily; It can add boron compound, but is difficult to mix.
Material should be lead, iron and other heavy metals and shield preferably to gamma-radiation.Wherein, can not make structure, be corroded by alkali easily again with itself because lead is very soft, fusing point low (327.4 ℃), volatilization causes environmental pollution easily easily; Other heavy metals such as iron then shield body weight, volume is big.
Develop a kind of composite shielding material that can adopt corresponding density according to neutron and gamma-rays distribution situation, and this composite shielding material both had good neutron radiation shielding properties and gamma-radiation shielding properties, it is light that the weight of made shielding is also wanted.Just become the difficult problem in present technique field.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of in light weight, shielding matrix material that can adopt corresponding density and have good neutron radiation shielding properties and gamma-radiation shielding properties according to neutron and gamma-rays distribution situation.
Another goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned composite shielding material.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material comprises following proportioning composition: the lead of 45-70 weight part; The polyethylene of 50-25 weight part; The norbide of 5 weight parts.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the proportion of described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material is 4.8-7.5 gram/cubic centimetre.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described lead is plumbous sand.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described plumbous sand is 0.2mm-2mm.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the N-phenylsalicylamide mould inhibitor of 1 weight part.It also can be other mould inhibitor.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the fire retardant of 2 weight parts.Described fire retardant is the common fire retardants of using such as aluminium hydroxide, P contained compound.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the silane coupling agent of 2 weight parts.It also can be other coupling agent.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described polyethylene is a high density polyethylene(HDPE).
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching, in container, add the lead of 45-70 weight part, the polyethylene of 50-25 weight part, the norbide of 5 weight parts: second step, mixing, stir: the 3rd step, compression molding.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the mix stage in described second step is heated to 100-160 ℃, and is extruded by forcing machine, is molten, inserts the mould extrusion forming again.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described lead is plumbous sand.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the N-phenylsalicylamide mould inhibitor that also comprises 1 weight part in the described the first step.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the fire retardant that also comprises 2 weight parts in the described the first step.Described fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide, P contained compound.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the silane coupling agent that also comprises 2 weight parts in the described the first step.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described plumbous sand is 0.2mm-2mm.
Advantage of the present invention is: compare with metallic substance such as existing iron, shielding matrix material of the present invention is not only in light weight, can also adopt corresponding density according to neutron and gamma-rays distribution situation, and have good neutron radiation shielding properties and gamma-radiation shielding properties.
If plumbous if plumbous sand in the batching particularly, the proportion of prepared shielding matrix material can be greater than 4.8 gram/cubic centimetres; And the proportion of the shielding matrix material of lead powder preparation can only reach 3.5 gram/cubic centimetres.The purposes of the shielding matrix material of feasible like this preparation improves greatly.This be because lead powder particulate diameter below 0.1mm, and plumbous sand particulate diameter is between 0.2mm-2mm.
In the preparation process of shielding matrix material of the present invention, owing to can control its proportion by the proportioning of each composition, so can be according to neutron, the gamma-rays distribution situation of nuclear equipment and isotope neutron source, the composite shielding material of preparation different densities can shield neutron and gamma-rays well.If what particularly adopt is plumbous sand, in mixing step, adopt to add expressing technique, can improve the uniformity coefficient of product.
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment, but and do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Comparative Examples
Cast steel
The length and width of the length and width of cast steel, thick and composite shielding material of the present invention, thick identical.Adopt 20 millimeters and two kinds of specifications of 40 mm thick in this Comparative Examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching adds the lead powder of 7000 grams, the high density polyethylene(HDPE) of 2500 grams, the norbide of 500 grams in container; Second step, mixing under the normal temperature, stir; The 3rd step was heated to 140 ℃, used two mould compression moldings respectively, got sample No. 1.Thickness is respectively 20 and 40 millimeters.
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching adds plumbous sand, the high density polyethylene(HDPE)s of 2500 grams, 500 norbides that restrain of 7000 particle diameters that restrain between 0.2mm-2mm in container; Second step, mixing, stir, be heated to 150 ℃, and extrude by forcing machine, be molten; The 3rd step, insert the mould extrusion forming, get sample No. 2.Thickness is respectively 20 and 40 millimeters.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching adds plumbous sand, the new LDPE (film grade)s of 5000 grams, 500 norbides that restrain of 4500 particle diameters that restrain between 0.2mm-2mm in container; Second step, mixing, stir, be heated to 100 ℃, and extrude by forcing machine, be molten; The 3rd step, insert the mould extrusion forming, get sample No. 3.Thickness is respectively 20 and 40 millimeters.
Embodiment 4
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching adds plumbous sand, the high density polyethylene(HDPE)s of 3500 grams, 500 norbides that restrain of 6000 particle diameters that restrain between 0.2mm-2mm in container; Second step, mixing, stir, be heated to 160 ℃, and extrude by forcing machine, be molten; The 3rd step, insert the mould extrusion forming, get sample No. 4.Thickness is respectively 20 and 40 millimeters.
Embodiment 5
A kind of composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching, plumbous sand, the high density polyethylene(HDPE) of 3000 grams, 500 norbides that restrain of particle diameter between 0.2mm-2mm that in container, add 6000 grams, the additives of 500 grams (wherein: 200 gram aluminium hydroxide fire retardants or P contained compound fire retardant such as Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 200 gram silane coupling agents, 100 gram N-phenylsalicylamide mould inhibitors); Second step, mixing, stir, be heated to 160 ℃, and extrude by forcing machine, be molten; The 3rd step, insert the mould extrusion forming, get sample No. 5.Thickness is respectively 20 and 40 millimeters.
The technical feature test of shielding material relatively
1, thermal neutron weakens coefficient
Adopt the Cf-252 neutron emitter, add 12 centimetres of paraffin mass slowing downs and produce thermal neutron sources, adopt to record the sample thermal neutron from the helium proportional counter of U.S. LND company import to weaken coefficient as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Thickness (millimeter) | Thermal neutron weakens coefficient | |
| Embodiment 1 | 20 | 6.10 |
| Embodiment 2 | 20 | 6.24 |
| Embodiment 3 | 20 | 12.67 |
| Embodiment 4 | 20 | 8.98 |
| Embodiment 5 | 20 | 8.12 |
| Comparative Examples | 20 | 6.05 |
As shown in table 1, composite shielding material of the present invention is compared with existing cast steel, and its thermal neutron weakens coefficient and improves; If particularly use plumbous sand, its thermal neutron weakens coefficient and improves manyly.
2, neutron radiation diminish performance
Adopt the Cf-252 neutron emitter, add 6 with helium-3 counter
#Moderating sphere is measured, and records the fast neutron shield effectiveness of specimen material, and is with the cast steel comparison of stack pile, as shown in table 2:
Table 2
| Thickness (millimeter) | Neutron weakens coefficient | |
| Embodiment 1 | 20 | 1.75 |
| Embodiment 2 | 20 | 1.85 |
| Embodiment 3 | 20 | 2.10 |
| Embodiment 4 | 20 | 1.87 |
| Embodiment 5 | 20 | 1.86 |
| Comparative Examples | 20 | 1.70 |
As shown in table 2, composite shielding material of the present invention is compared with existing cast steel, and its neutron weakens coefficient raising.
3, sample rate
Adopt weighting method, record sample rate, as shown in table 3:
Table 3
| Density (gram/cubic centimetre) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 3.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 7.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5.5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 6.0 |
| Comparative Examples | 7.8 |
As shown in table 3, composite shielding material of the present invention is compared with existing cast steel, and its density can be adjusted.And the lead usefulness among the embodiment 2-5 is plumbous sand, and the ratio weight average of prepared shielding matrix material is higher than 4.8 gram/cubic centimetres.
4, gamma-radiation shielding factor
Adopt
60The Co gamma emitter is used sodium iodine crystal detector, records the sample gamma-radiation and weakens coefficient, and is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
| Thickness (millimeter) | Gamma-radiation weakens coefficient | |
| Embodiment 1 | 40 | 2.10 |
| Embodiment 2 | 40 | 3.90 |
| Embodiment 3 | 40 | 3.25 |
| Embodiment 4 | 40 | 3.60 |
| Embodiment 5 | 40 | 3.81 |
| Comparative Examples | 40 | 3.91 |
As shown in table 4, composite shielding material of the present invention is compared with existing cast steel, and it is suitable with cast iron that its gamma-radiation weakens coefficient.
5, salt spray resistance, sea water immersion experiment
According to the ZBY339.10-85 standard sample of embodiment 1-5 is done salt spray resistance experiment, after 48 hours salt mist experiments, performance is all good.All samples soaked in seawater 70 days, visual no change.
6, flame retardant properties
According to GB/T2406-1993 plastics combustibility test method---index method, the sample oxidation index that records embodiment 1-5 is respectively: 19,19,19,19,22.Meet the requirements.
Claims (7)
1. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material, described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material comprises following proportioning composition: the lead of 45-70 weight part; The polyethylene of 50-25 weight part; The norbide of 5 weight parts; It is characterized in that: described lead is plumbous sand; Described polyethylene is a high density polyethylene(HDPE).
2. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the proportion of described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material is 4.8-7.5 gram/cubic centimetre.
3. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described plumbous sand is 0.2mm-2mm.
4. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the N-phenylsalicylamide mould inhibitor of 1 weight part.
5. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the fire retardant of 2 weight parts.
6. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material further comprises the silane coupling agent of 2 weight parts.
7. composite shielding materials with lead boron polythene material preparation method, its step is as follows: the first step, batching adds the plumbous sand of 45-70 weight part, the polyethylene of 50-25 weight part, the norbide of 5 weight parts in container; Second step, mixing, stir; The 3rd step, compression molding;
The mix stage in described second step is heated to 100-160 ℃, and is extruded by forcing machine, is molten, inserts the mould extrusion forming again;
The N-phenylsalicylamide mould inhibitor that also comprises 1 weight part in the described the first step; The fire retardant that also comprises 2 weight parts in the described the first step; The silane coupling agent that also comprises 2 weight parts in the described the first step.
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| CN103183861A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Composite shielding material with neutorn-gamma comprehensive shielding effect |
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| CN104610638A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-05-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Machining method of lead-boron polyethylene plate |
| CN105014075B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of lead aluminum boron complex nucleus shielding material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113345615B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-27 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Paraffin/boron carbide neutron protection composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1746217A (en) | 2006-03-15 |
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Address after: 401, building 201, yard a 10, Jiuxianqiao North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015 Patentee after: Beijing Ray Application Research Center Co., Ltd Address before: 100012 Beijing Andingmen Dayangfang No. 6 Patentee before: Beijing Radiation Application Research Center |