CN100361625C - Non-invading blood pressure metering device and method - Google Patents
Non-invading blood pressure metering device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100361625C CN100361625C CNB200410029796XA CN200410029796A CN100361625C CN 100361625 C CN100361625 C CN 100361625C CN B200410029796X A CNB200410029796X A CN B200410029796XA CN 200410029796 A CN200410029796 A CN 200410029796A CN 100361625 C CN100361625 C CN 100361625C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a non-invasion type blood pressure measurement device and a method. The device comprises a main body and a separable unit, wherein the main body comprises a sleeve belt type blood pressure measurement device; the separable unit comprises a non-sleeve belt type blood pressure measurement device; the separable unit is arranged on the main body in a separable mode and electrically connected with the main body; the separable unit comprises a control unit which is used for controlling the blood pressure measure of the sleeve belt type measurement device of the main body and correcting the non-sleeve belt type blood pressure measurement device of the separable unit according to the blood pressure measurement result of the sleeve belt type measurement device of the main body; and the value of the blood pressure is determined according to the correction result and the parameters detected by the non-sleeve belt type blood pressure measurement device of the separable unit. The device and the method can enable users to select a sleeve belt type method to measure blood pressure, and can utilize a rapid, comfortable and convenient non-sleeve belt type method to measure the blood pressure at any time and any place.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the electronic blood pressure measurement device and method, particularly a kind of non-invasive blood pressure measurement device and method that cuff formula blood pressure measuring device is combined with detachable no cuff blood pressure measuring device based on pulse wave transmission time or pulse wave transmission speed theory.
Background technology
At present, many dissimilar electric sphygmomanometers are arranged on the market, major part is wherein all used the cuff that can charge and discharge gas.Many patents about cuff formula sphygomanometer announce that for example United States Patent (USP) 4,625,277,5,215,096 and 6,602,200.Many cuff formula sphygomanometers all adopt succusion to measure blood pressure.This method need be wrapped in a cuff that can charge and discharge gas on the arm of user when using, and an electric drive pump raises the pressure in the cuff, places the pressure transducer in the cuff can detect the interior pressure oscillation of cuff.During operation, the cuff that can charge and discharge gas is inflated to the some values that are higher than systolic pressure automatically, then slowly venting.When the pressure oscillation amplitude in the cuff began to increase, systolic pressure was detected.When the vibration of cuff internal pressure reached maximum, mean pressure was detected.Diastolic pressure can be estimated by systolic pressure and mean pressure.
Traditional cuff formula blood pressure measuring method can be used as the standard blood pressure measuring method of clinical practice.But cuff formula blood pressure is in respect of several shortcomings.The first, cuff can cause the discomfort of user.If use cuff continually, the tissue and the blood vessel of cuff below may be owing to frequent compressing sustains damage.In addition, cuff formula blood pressure measuring device is owing to use pump and valve, and therefore common volume is big and power consumption is high.Such device is not easy to carry.And, needing the regular hour owing to charge and discharge gas, cuff formula device needs the long time just can finish one-shot measurement, and they also can't realize the continuous measurement to blood pressure.For these reasons, the sphygomanometer of this type is not optimal selection for needs are frequently measured the personage of blood pressure, more is not suitable for the use outside household.But, for use at home still can yet be regarded as a kind of convenience, reliable and accurate method.
Nearest result of study makes no cuff, non-invasive blood pressure measurement become possibility.A kind of method wherein is to utilize the pulse wave transmission speed to come pre-measuring blood pressure.The pulse wave transmission speed is meant that pulse wave is along the tremulous pulse transmitting speed.Many different results of study show that the pulse wave transmission speed is relevant with blood pressure.A kind of method of measurement pulse wave transmission speed commonly used is to measure the pulse wave transmission time, and just pulse wave passes on the tremulous pulse certain required time a bit from heart.United States Patent (USP) 5,649,543,5,865,755 and 6,599,251, and the method for utilizing pulse wave transmission time or pulse wave transmission speed to measure blood pressure is disclosed in European patent 0443267 grade.The pulse wave transmission time also can utilize on reference point on the electrocardiosignal and the inherent peripheral arterial of same cardiac cycle the reference point on the detected pulse wave to determine.Pulse wave can detect by method of optics, and this method is exactly the photoplethaysmography method.The photoplethaysmography method is by getting to light on the bodily tissue, and measures reflected light, transillumination or the scattered light of tissue, and the light that is received by photoelectric detector has characterized the tissue situation of change of blood flow down.In addition, also has the method for some other detection pulse wave signal, such as utilizing pressure transducer and impedance plethysmogram.
The benefit of utilizing pulse wave transmission time measurement blood pressure is not need to use cuff, therefore can provide a kind of quick and comfortable measurement.This measurement can be frequently and is carried out continuously and can not cause any damage to tissue under the cuff or blood vessel.In addition, can also reflect blood pressure in the short time by continuous measurement.Sleeveless belt blood pressure measuring device need not to use the complicated mechanical member, and it only needs to use several dried electrodes to detect electrocardiosignal on the contrary, and a pair of infrared light emission diode and photoelectric detector detect the photoplethaysmography signal.Because need not to use pump and valve, so less based on the required electronic component of the sphygomanometer of this method, mechanical part is also simpler, power consumption is also less.Sleeveless belt sphygomanometer can small volume and less weight, is suitable for carrying.The device of the type is suitable for the personage that needs are often measured blood pressure, need measure blood pressure personage several times as one day.
But, utilize pulse wave transmission time measurement blood pressure that a shortcoming is also arranged, to calibrate at each user exactly, just set up the relation between pulse wave transmission time and the user blood pressure.The step of sleeveless belt sphygomanometer calibration comprises at first utilizes standard-sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure, then measured value manually is input to the control unit of no cuff apparatus so that set up blood pressure and calibration equation that pulse wave concerned between the transmission time.For example, United States Patent (USP) 6,603,329 disclose a kind of multifunctional blood pressure meter, and it provides a kind of blood pressure measuring method based on pulse wave transmission time theory.This device comprises an input block, is used for importing the required pressure value of calibration.
Calibrating common every month need carry out once, and more frequent calibration can improve the measurement accuracy of sleeveless belt sphygomanometer.Therefore, use the user of sleeveless belt sphygomanometer also may need a cuff formula sphygomanometer simultaneously.May increase the spending of user so greatly.
Japan Patent 2002-172094 discloses a kind of blood pressure measuring system, comprises a device of directly measuring blood pressure (normally based on cuff formula method) and the electronics wrist formula wrist-watch sphygomanometer based on the pulse transmission theory.The principal character of this invention is, by the measurement device of direct measurement blood pressure to blood pressure values can be transferred to electronics wrist formula wrist-watch sphygomanometer automatically and be used for its calibration, so user need not manually be imported calibration data.In case calibration is finished, electronics wrist formula wrist-watch sphygomanometer can utilize by detected electrocardiosignal and detected pulse wave signal and calculate the pulse wave transmission time, comes estimated service life person's pressure value.But this method needs two isolating measuring devices all must have data-transformation facility.Therefore, compare, increased many development costs with the sphygomanometer that only has single microprocessor unit.
Chinese patent CN 1440722A has proposed design philosophy that two measuring unit of blood pressure are integrated.This electric sphygmomanometer comprises the unit and the unit that utilizes the SPD method to measure blood pressure that utilize succusion to measure blood pressure.The SPD method depends on the relation of arterial pulse wave waveform and cuff pressure and comes estimated blood pressure.Different with succusion, the pressure that the SPD method need not in the cuff changes in a dynamic range.It only needs to utilize, and detected pulse wave comes estimated blood pressure when cuff pressure is some particular values.Therefore, it is measured required time and compares shortening greatly with traditional succusion.The accuracy of measurement may reduce but simultaneously.Use the benefit of this device to be, it can allow user select the blood pressure measurement mode according to different situations.For example, when user was worked, it can select to measure blood pressure apace with the SPD method.These two kinds of metering systems are integrated in the device, only use a microprocessor, can save development cost.But two kinds of blood pressure measuring methods of this device all need to use a cuff to be wrapped in the upper arm of user, thus it and be not suitable for frequent blood pressure measurement.
At United States Patent (USP) 5,752,920 and European patent 0875200,0821910 and 1312301 in disclose cuff formula blood pressure measurement and non-cuff formula blood pressure measurement be integrated into the thought on the unit.But volume is bigger usually because comprising cuff, pump and valve for cuff formula device, is not easy to carry.
Therefore, in order to realize the sleeveless belt blood pressure measurement of Energy and comfort, a kind of novel sphygomanometer need be provided, except carrying out cuff formula blood pressure measurement, can provide on same unit also that no cuff blood pressure measurement and this sleeveless belt measuring device are can be from the cuff formula device of heaviness discrete to come out, so that carry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new blood pressure to take into account and use the method that this blood pressure measuring is taken blood pressure, this sphygomanometer not only can overcome common big, the shortcoming that is not easy to carry of volume because comprising cuff, pump and valve of conditional electronic sphygomanometer, and being applicable to frequent blood pressure measurement, the while can not increase cost too much.
For achieving the above object, according to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of non-invasion blood pressure meter is provided, comprise main part and detachable unit, wherein said main part comprises cuff formula blood pressure measuring device, described detachable unit comprises non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device, described detachable unit is installed on the described main part in separable mode, and be electrically connected with described main part, it is characterized in that, described detachable unit comprises a control unit, the cuff formula measuring device that is used to control described main part carries out blood pressure measurement, and, the non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit is calibrated according to the blood pressure measurement of the cuff formula measuring device of described main part.According to described calibration result, the parameter that is detected by the non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit can be determined testee's pressure value.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned non-invasion blood pressure meter can further comprise: be arranged on the control unit on the described main part, be used for controlling automatically the operation of described main part and when measuring blood pressure, carry out the calculating of pressure value in the cuff mode.
According to a kind of embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned non-invasion blood pressure meter, the cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described main part comprises: cuff, can place the arm of the measured, and by charging and discharging gas pressurizeed and reduce pressure in this position; Pump is inflated to initial pressure to described cuff; Valve is used to discharge described cuff internal pressure; Signal supervisory instrument, the signal when detecting the cuff pressure change, and be converted to the corresponding signal of telecommunication, to determine the one or more parameters in diastolic pressure, systolic pressure and the mean pressure; First signal pre-processing circuit is used for the signal of signal supervisory instrument input is carried out pretreatment; With first input/output circuitry, be used for carrying out signal exchange with described detachable unit.
The non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit comprises: the physiological signal collecting unit is used to detect measured's physiological signal, and is converted into the corresponding signal of telecommunication; The secondary signal pre-process circuit is used for the signal of telecommunication by the input of physiological signal collecting unit is carried out pretreatment; Second input/output device is used for being connected with first input/output device of described main part and carrying out signal exchange.
In addition, according to preferred version of the present invention, above-mentioned non-invasion blood pressure meter can further comprise: the main body operating unit, be arranged on described detachable unit and/or the described main part, and be used for starting blood pressure measurement operation and calibration operation for user; Display unit is arranged on described detachable unit and/or the described main part, is used to show the final result or the out of Memory of measurement.
Above-mentioned physiological signal collecting unit can comprise the sensor unit that is used to detect PBF (peripheral bloodflow) signal and bioelectrical signals.
In the sphygomanometer that has main part and a detachable unit of the present invention, described detachable unit can be put back in the main body so that blood pressure measurement based on the cuff formula is provided, or separates the blood pressure measurement that the sleeveless belt is provided from main body.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of method of carrying out the blood pressure measurement of sleeveless belt as the described sphygomanometer of first aspect present invention of utilizing, may further comprise the steps:
When described detachable unit is installed on the described main part,
The cuff formula blood pressure detector of described main part detects measured's blood pressure;
The control unit of described detachable unit is set up the measurement parameter of described non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device and the relation of actual blood pressure value according to the detected referential data of non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of detected pressure value of described main part and described detachable unit; With
When adopting described detachable unit to carry out blood pressure measurement,
The control unit of described detachable unit utilizes the relation of described foundation, according to the measured parameter value of described non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device, determines and the corresponding actual blood pressure value of described parameter value.
In addition, according to preferred version of the present invention, in the relation of the measurement parameter of setting up described non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device and actual blood pressure value so that described detachable unit is calibrated, the time and date that utilizes the pressure value of detachable unit record estimation, calibration each time and measure each time, and other parameters of from physiological signal (electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal), extracting, as the area of pulse wave transmission time and pulse wave.When following situation took place: 1) detachable unit had surpassed not calibration of certain hour scope (as month); The numerical value that writes down compared when 2) pressure value of Gu Jiing and other parameter value that at least one extracts from physiological signal were with calibration, it change to surpass reference value or during with reference to ratio, detachable unit can provide warning information and should recalibrate by cuff formula blood pressure measurement to remind user on its display unit.Warning information also can according to the comparison of a preceding measurement result, when comparative result sends during greater than default value.
In addition, the present invention also provides when detachable unit detects certain physiological change of user, starts the method for cuff formula blood pressure measurement automatically.This function can be used for the situation that cuff need be wrapped in the enterprising promoting the circulation of blood pressure of the wrist long term monitoring of user continuously, allows user carry out the cuff formula blood pressure measurement of clinical criteria when needed.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing sphygomanometer of the present invention to measure heart rate, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: utilize described main part or detachable unit to detect testee's physiological signal; Calculate described testee's heart rate according to described detected physiological signal by the control unit of the control unit of detachable unit or main part; The heart rate value that the control unit control output of described detachable unit is calculated.
Device provided by the present invention both can allow user select to measure blood pressure with cuff formula method, also can utilize quick, comfortable and easily sleeveless belt method measure blood pressure whenever and wherever possible.The sleeveless belt measuring unit of blood pressure of this device is small and exquisite and can separate from this device main body, as an independently blood pressure measuring device job, can provide quick, comfortable whenever and wherever possible and blood pressure measurement easily.Make user regularly measure blood pressure continually, be particularly useful for user stay out in the time.Simultaneously, device of the present invention is compared with existing blood pressure measuring device and has also been reduced cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of traditional cuff formula electric sphygmomanometer;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of the sphygomanometer in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the main body in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the main body in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 a is the front view of the detachable unit in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 b is the rearview of the detachable unit in the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the detachable unit in the first embodiment of the invention;
The flow chart of Fig. 7 for the detachable unit in the first embodiment of the invention is calibrated;
Fig. 8 is the starting and ending that example has illustrated the alignment time window with the succusion, and the selection of these two time points is to be determined by the time that detects the feature pressure value;
Fig. 9 utilizes detachable unit in the first embodiment of the invention to carry out the flow chart of blood pressure measurement;
Figure 10 is for detecting the flow chart that whether needs to restart cuff formula blood pressure measurement;
Figure 11 is the sketch map of the sphygomanometer in the second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the block diagram of the main body in the second embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the cuff formula sphygomanometer of traditional employing succusion.In this device, comprise that one can charge and discharge the cuff 101 of gas, can be wrapped in measured's upper arm or wrist place during use.Pump 104 is used to make cuff 101 to be inflated to initial pressure.Valve 103 is used to discharge the interior air of cuff to reduce pressure.Pressure transducer 102 detect the pressure in the cufves and the cuff that produced by measured's arteriopalmus in pressure oscillation.108 pairs of signals that obtain from pick off 102 of pre-process circuit are handled, and result is sent to control unit 105.Control unit 105 (being generally microprocessor) is to pump 104 and valve 103 is controlled automatically and the calculating blood pressure value.Operating unit 106 comprises the button for user operation sphygomanometer, for user operation sphygomanometer.Display unit 107 is used for the pressure value that indicative control unit 105 calculates and exports.
Above-mentioned blood pressure measuring device based on the cuff formula is measured blood pressure by following method.At first the cuff 101 that can charge and discharge gas is wound on the upper arm of user, start button on the push unit 106, control unit 105 provides signal, and driving pump 104 raises the pressure in the cuff 101, the pressure oscillation that the pressure transducer 102 in the cuff 101 detects in the cuff.When the pressure rising supercontraction in the cuff 101 was pressed, control unit 105 provided signal to valve 103, and air is discharged from cuff 101, and cuff 101 is slowly venting step by step.Under the situation that adopts succusion, when the pressure oscillation amplitude in the cuff began to increase, systolic pressure was detected; When the vibration of cuff internal pressure reached maximum, mean pressure was detected.Diastolic pressure can estimate by systolic pressure and mean pressure.Signal processing and pressure value calculate required algorithm and can be stored in the control unit 105.But control unit 105 calculating blood pressure values, for example systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, and they are presented on the display unit 107.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of the sphygomanometer 1 in the first embodiment of the invention.This sphygomanometer 1 comprises main part 2 and a detachable unit 3.Detachable unit 3 can be inserted in the main part 2.This sphygomanometer can utilize the succusion of crossing as explained earlier to measure blood pressure by cuff 201 being wrapped on the upper arm of user.In addition, place at detachable unit 3 under the situation of main part 2, when measuring blood pressure with cuff formula method, user can also be selected detachable unit 3 is calibrated.In when calibration, user need be placed on sensor unit 301,302 to finger, to obtain physiological signal, comprises electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal on 303,304 and 305.In case calibration is finished, detachable unit 3 works alone with regard to can be used as an independent blood pressure measuring device.
Fig. 3 has shown the schematic appearance of the main part 2 among first embodiment.Fig. 4 has shown the structured flowchart of the component units of main part 2.Main part 2 comprises the parts of conventional cuff formula blood pressure measuring device, for example can charge and discharge cuff 201, pressure transducer 202, pre-process circuit 205, valve 203 and the pump 204 of gas.Can charge and discharge in the cuff 201 of gas and be provided with pressure transducer 202, can detect pressure and variation (for example vibration) situation thereof in the cuff.Pump 204 and valve 203 are positioned within the shell 21.In this embodiment of sphygomanometer 1, main part 2 does not comprise microprocessor unit, therefore its control unit that will depend in the detachable unit 3 provides control signal with driving pump 204 and valve 203, and according to the calculated signals pressure value that obtains by pressure transducer 202.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, there is a slot 208 to be used for placing detachable unit 3 in the shell 21 of main part 2.Slot 208 has conductive contact 209 so that transmit signal between main part 2 and detachable unit 3.Slot 208 also can be provided with other conductive contact 210, is that the battery of detachable unit 3 charges to be used to make battery charging unit 211.Main part 2 also includes an operating unit 206, and it comprises for the button of user operation sphygomanometer for example power switch button, sphygomanometer start button and calibration knob etc. being arranged.Obviously, also setting operation unit 206 on main part 2 not, and replace the function of operating unit 206 with the operating unit on the detachable unit 3 308, for example start cuff formula blood pressure measurement etc.
Fig. 5 a and 5b are the front view and the rearviews of isolated detachable unit 3 from main unit 2.Fig. 6 is the block diagram of corresponding detachable unit.Detachable unit 3 can be the device that stopwatch, accutron, electronic toy or other can be worn with oneself by user, its structure comprises the electrode 301 that obtains bioelectrical signals from finger, 302 and 303, from pointing the optical pickocff 304 and 305 that obtains the photoplethaysmography signal.Electrode 301,302 and 303 can adopt the dried electrode of metal, as rustless steel or steel disc.The optical pickocff that obtains the photoplethaysmography signal of finger can comprise a near-infrared luminous diode 304 and a photoelectric detector 305.The wavelength of near-infrared luminous diode is generally 880 or 940 nanometers.In order to reduce the influence of external environment light, optical pickocff can be built in the fingerstall of being made by the material of shielded from light.
At step SA3, two signals that obtain at first carry out filtering, amplification and detect reference point with the summit testing circuit by pre-process circuit 306.The reference point of electrocardiosignal can be the summit of R type ripple, and the reference point of photoplethaysmography signal can be the summit or the end point of pulse signal.These reference points also can detect by the first derivative or the second dervative of signal.Control unit 307 can determine to detect the time of reference point according to step SA3.
Simultaneously, in step SA4, control unit 307 can detect first feature blood pressure according to the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202.If measure blood pressure with succusion, first feature pressure value may be a systolic pressure, shown in 801 among Fig. 8.After control unit 307 detects first feature blood pressure, its meeting initialization of calibration time window in step SA5, the pulse wave transmission time of writing down in this alignment time window can be used for calibrating.
According to one embodiment of present invention, can utilize cuff formula blood pressure measurement to detect the pressure value of each cardiac cycle, and measure the pulse wave transmission time with no cuff method synchronously.For example, can adopt the existing instrument (for example Dutch Finapres MedicalSystems produce Finapres) of measuring each cardiac cycle pressure value in the cuff mode to realize this embodiment.As long as cuff is entangled on the finger of user, just can obtain the pressure value of each cardiac cycle, control unit 307 is realized the more reliable calibration corresponding to each cardiac cycle to detachable unit 3 by using the pressure value of each measured cardiac cycle of this instrument.
Then, at step SA6, calculate the pulse wave transmission time according to the time difference between the reference point on the photoplethaysmography signal in reference point on the electrocardiosignal and the same cardiac cycle.According to step SA8, when the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202 in step SA7 detects second feature blood pressure, or behind a given time range (as 10 seconds), the alignment time window finishes.If measure blood pressure with succusion, second feature pressure value may be mean pressure or diastolic pressure, shown in 802 among Fig. 8 and 803.If be lower than preset value in the control unit 307 owing to the interference of noise (as the motion noise) makes effective pulse wave transmission time number in the alignment time window, according to step SA9, whole calibration process can carry out again.When calculating the pulse wave transmission time, in step SA10, control unit 307 can as succusion, calculate systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and/or mean pressure synchronously according to cuff formula blood pressure measurement.At last, pressure value is presented on the liquid crystal display 309 of detachable unit 3.
Pressure value that is measured by cuff formula method and the corresponding pulse wave transmission time that obtains in the alignment time window can be used as calibration data.Relation between the parameter of determining blood pressure and calculating needs two groups of calibration data usually.Control unit 307 meeting execution in step SA11 judge whether calibration data is enough, for example judge whether to obtain simultaneously two groups of pulse wave transmission times and corresponding pressure value.If data are not enough, over time, step SA1 can be called again to SA10.After obtaining enough calibration data, control unit 307 will be set up the calibration equation that concerns between description blood pressure and the institute's parameters calculated value by execution in step SA12.The calibration equation can obtain with conventional regression analysis (regression) or other similar methods.Afterwards, can be stored in the calibration constants that obtains in the control unit 307 among the step SA13 or in other internal storage locations 312.Just can call this calibration constants when afterwards, measuring blood pressure with detachable unit 3.
When the required physiological signal collection of calibration and cuff formula blood pressure measurement carried out in proper order, its step was similar to above-mentioned explanation, and its difference is the initialization of alignment time window.After the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202 shows that cuff formula blood pressure measurement has been finished, control unit 307 initialization of calibration time windows.The alignment time window can be 10 seconds, and the pulse wave transmission time of noting down in the alignment time window can calibrate in control unit 307 in week.
In case after calibration was finished, detachable unit 3 just can be separated from main unit 2, and as a cell operation independently.Sleeveless belt blood pressure measurement process can be described by the flow chart of Fig. 9.First step is SB1, user finger be placed on electrode 301,302 and 303 and optical pickocff 304 and 305 on just can obtain electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal.In step SB2, two signals that obtain at first carry out filtering, amplification by pre-process circuit 306, and detect reference point with the summit testing circuit.Reference point detects also and can finish by the program of establishment in advance in control unit 307.
In case obtain needed signal, the control unit 307 in the detachable unit 3 will execution in step SB3.In step SB3, the time difference between the reference point in reference point on the control unit 307 performing a programmes calculating electrocardiosignal and the same cardiac cycle on the photoplethaysmography signal is as the pulse wave transmission time.If be lower than preset value in the control unit 307 owing to the interference of noise (as the motion noise) makes effective pulse wave transmission time number in the alignment time window, the detection meeting of electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal is carried out in step SB4 again.When obtaining enough pulse waves after the transmission time, control unit 307 will execution in step SB5, calculates diastolic pressure and systolic pressure according to pulse wave transmission time and the calibration equation preserved before.Simultaneously, utilize interval between the electrocardiosignal R type wave crest point or the interval between the photoplethaysmography signal summit can calculate heart rate.Pressure value that calculates in step SB6 and heart rate value may be displayed on the liquid crystal display 309.
User can be carried detachable unit 3 and measure blood pressure out of doors at any time.Because detachable unit 3 is to use every day, the detachable unit 3 among the present invention has a rechargeable battery 311, therefore need not to change continually battery.Main unit 2 is provided with charhing unit, and it includes charging circuit, and this charging circuit can adopt any existing circuit design.When user is gone back home when middle, can put back to detachable unit 3 in the slot 208 of main unit 2 battery 311 is charged.If desired, user also can be selected detachable unit 3 is recalibrated.
The pressure value estimated of sleeveless belt time of measuring and detecting or the bigger variation of other body parameter each time after time by record calibration each time of detachable unit 3, the calibration, remind user when will recalibrate, to guarantee the accuracy of sleeveless belt blood pressure measurement to detachable unit 3.During calibration, sleeveless belt blood pressure measuring device 3 can write down pressure value, alignment time and the data of estimating in internal memory 312, and other parameter that from electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, extracts (as the pulse wave area of pulse wave transmission time, photoplethaysmography signal etc.).Such parameter is pulse wave transmission speed relevant information at least, in the blood volume-variation relevant information of beating or the heart rate relevant information one.Usually, when estimated blood pressure, control unit 307 can be done in a time window on average these parameter values.Whether control unit 307 can surpass not calibration of certain hour scope (as month) with definite detachable unit 3 by time that compares and measures and the alignment time that is stored in the internal storage location 312; Control unit 307 also can be to the pressure value of estimating, other parameter value that from electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, extracts and the numerical value that write down during the calibration in being stored in internal storage location 312 compare, whether the variation of determining the variation of estimated blood pressure value or at least one other parameter above reference value (as the pressure value of 20mmHg) or with reference to ratio (as 20%).When above-mentioned situation took place, detachable unit 3 can provide warning information on liquid crystal display 309, detachable unit 3 was recalibrated by cuff formula blood pressure measurement to remind user.
The mode that another kind provides warning information is: when utilizing detachable unit 3 to carry out sleeveless belt blood pressure measurement, detachable unit 3 can write down pressure value and other parameter of estimating that extracts from electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal in internal storage location 312 at every turn.During measurement, the pressure values that 307 pairs of control units are estimated at present and other parameter value are compared with the result of preceding one-shot measurement in being stored in internal storage location 312, when the variation of the variation of the pressure value of estimating or at least one other parameter surpasses reference value or during with reference to ratio, warning information will provide on liquid crystal display 309, detachable unit 3 is recalibrated by cuff formula blood pressure measurement to remind user.
Another function of sphygomanometer of the present invention is: when detachable unit 3 detected certain change of user physiological conditions, cuff formula blood pressure measurement just can start.This function can be used for the situation that cuff need be wrapped in the enterprising promoting the circulation of blood pressure of the wrist long term monitoring of user continuously.During calibration, detachable unit 3 can be preserved pressure value and other parameter of estimating that extracts from electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal in internal memory 312.Such parameter is pulse wave transmission speed relevant information at least, in the blood volume-variation relevant information of beating or the heart rate relevant information one.Usually, during estimated blood pressure, control unit 307 can be done in a time window on average these parameter values.During measurement, testing process can illustrate by Figure 10.At first, control unit 307 in step SC1 up till now estimated blood pressure value, then will present value be stored in internal storage location 312 in the value that when calibrating, obtains compare.In step SC2, control unit 307 checks whether the variation of estimated blood pressure value surpasses pre-set threshold, can be a numerical value (as 15mmHg) or a ratio (as 15%).If no, checking process finishes, otherwise control unit 307 can execution in step SC3, SC4 and SC5.At this moment, control unit 307 obtains the variation of three types of parameters: being that to obtain among pulse wave transmission speed change related information, the step SC4 be to obtain beating blood volume-variation relevant information among the step SC3, is the relevant information that obtains changes in heart rate among the step SC5.The respective value of the above-mentioned parameter that obtains when each in 307 pairs of three kinds of parameters of control unit is with calibration in step SC6 is then compared, and whether the variation that detects at least one parameter surpass pre-set threshold, and threshold value can be a numerical value or a ratio.If no, checking process finishes, otherwise control unit 307 can send a control signal and give main part 2 to start cuff formula blood pressure measurement in step SC7.
The parameter that starts cuff formula blood pressure measurement or provide recalibration information is pulse wave transmission speed relevant information at least, in the blood volume-variation relevant information of beating or the heart rate relevant information one.Pulse wave transmission speed relevant information comprises the pulse wave transmission time, and it is the time difference between the reference point on the photoplethaysmography signal in reference point on the electrocardiosignal and the same cardiac cycle.The blood volume-variation of beating relevant information comprises the various information that obtain from the photoplethaysmography signal waveform, the rising edge time, the trailing edge time that comprise pulse wave, the High Order Moment of normalization pulse wave area, normalization pulse wave, the first derivative of signal, second dervative.The information relevant with heart rate comprise two between the pulse wave interval and the interval between two R type ripples of described bioelectrical signals.
As shown in Figure 6, detachable unit 3 also can comprise transfer of data mouth 310, and the blood pressure data of record is transferred to ancillary equipment, has the electronic product of display as desk computer, palm PC (PDA), mobile phone or other.Transmission can be passed through wired connection or wireless connections (as infrared ray or radio).This function can make user preserve secular blood pressure data in ancillary equipment, the monitoring of blood pressure in simultaneously also can the aided remote medical treatment.
Figure 11 is second embodiment sketch map of sphygomanometer of the present invention.Figure 12 is the block diagram of main part 2 in the second embodiment of the invention.This sphygomanometer comprises main part 2 and detachable unit 3.Different with first embodiment is, main part 2 has oneself independently control unit 214, and after detachable unit 3 was separated from main part 2, main part 2 still can be used as an independently cuff formula sphygomanometer.Control unit 214 is microcontroller or microprocessor normally, and it can performing a programme, (for example: the succusion of crossing with explained earlier), and provide control signal for pump 203 and valve 204 in the cuff formula blood pressure measurement process carries out cuff formula blood pressure measurement.Main part 2 shows the pressure value that calculates by its liquid crystal display 207, comprises systolic pressure, diastolic pressure.The same among other parts of sphygomanometer 1 among the embodiment two and the embodiment one.
The calibration process of detachable unit 3 can be referring to the flow chart of Fig. 7 among the embodiment two, and obtaining of cuff formula blood pressure measurement and physiological signal is synchronous.In calibration process, need be inserted into detachable unit 3 in the slot 208 of main part 2, as shown in Figure 2.Before the calibration, user need be selected calibration mode by the button of pressing on the operating unit 308.The first step of calibration is SA1, and user need be wound into the cuff 201 that can charge and discharge gas and carry out cuff formula blood pressure measurement (for example, using succusion) on the upper arm.Step SA2 and SA1 are synchronous, and user will be placed on finger on the sensor unit of detachable unit 3.A finger of left hand is placed on the electrode 301, and a finger of the right hand is placed on the electrode 303, and a finger with any hands is placed on the electrode 302 again, so just can obtain electrocardiosignal.The finger that is placed on the middle electrode also will touch light emitting diode 305 and photoelectric detector 304 simultaneously, will obtain reflected light Power Capacity trace signal like this.
Execution in step SA3 after the step SA2, two signals that obtain at first carry out filtering, amplification by pre-process circuit 306 and with summit testing circuit detection reference point.The reference point of electrocardiosignal is generally the summit of R type ripple, and the reference point of photoplethaysmography signal is generally the summit or the end point of pulse signal.These reference points also can be detected by the first derivative or the second dervative of signal.Control unit 307 on the detachable unit 3 selects to detect the time of reference point in step SA3.
Simultaneously, in step SA4, the control unit 214 on the main part 2 can detect first feature blood pressure according to the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202.If measure blood pressure with succusion, first feature pressure value may be a systolic pressure, shown in 801 among Fig. 8.After control unit 214 detects first feature blood pressure, it can send a synchronization information and give control unit 307, notice control unit 307 initialization of calibration time window in step SA5, the pulse wave transmission time of writing down in this alignment time window can be used to calibrate.Follow-up calibration process is the same with top embodiment, and is independently to be finished by control unit 307.This step also can be to detect first feature pressure value by control unit 307, follow-up calibration process is as among top first embodiment, and 214 of control units are responsible for controlling independently 2 pairs of blood pressures of main part and are measured when separative element does not exist.
If cuff formula blood pressure measurement can measure the pressure value of each cardiac cycle, and make each synchronous with the pulse wave transmission time that no cuff method measures by the pressure value that cuff formula method measures.Can adopt Finapres mentioned above to realize equally.As long as cuff is entangled on the finger of user, just can obtain the pressure value of each cardiac cycle, control unit 214 utilizes measured pressure value, to the more reliable calibration of detachable unit 3 realizations corresponding to each cardiac cycle.
Then, step SA6 calculates the pulse wave transmission time according to the time difference between the reference point on the photoplethaysmography signal in reference point on the electrocardiosignal and the same cardiac cycle.According to step SA8, when the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202 in step SA7 detects second feature blood pressure or behind a given time range (as 10 seconds), the alignment time window finishes.If measure blood pressure with succusion, second feature pressure value may be mean pressure or diastolic pressure, shown in 802 among Fig. 8 and 803.When control unit 214 detected second feature pressure value in step SA7, control unit 214 can send another synchronization information to control unit 307, makes control unit 307 finish the alignment time window in step SA8.This step also can be to be detected second feature pressure value and finished the alignment time window by control unit 307, and 214 of control units are responsible for controlling independently 2 pairs of blood pressures of main part and are measured when separative element does not exist.If be lower than preset value in the control unit 307 owing to the interference of noise (as the motion noise) makes effective pulse wave transmission time number in the alignment time window, according to step SA9, whole calibration process can carry out again.Control unit 307 in detachable unit 3 calculates pulse wave during the transmission time, as uses succusion, and the control unit 214 on the main part 2 calculates systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and/or mean pressure synchronously in step SA10.At last, pressure value is presented on the liquid crystal display 207 of detachable unit 2.
The pressure value that is measured by cuff formula method can be passed to control unit 307 on the detachable unit 3 by the control unit on the main part 2 214.These pressure values and the corresponding pulse wave transmission time that obtains in the alignment time window can be used as calibration data.Relation between the parameter of determining blood pressure and calculating needs two groups of calibration data usually.Meeting execution in step SA11 judges whether calibration data is enough in the control unit 307.If data are not enough, over time, step SA1 can be called again to SA10.After obtaining enough calibration data, control unit 307 will execution in step SA12 be set up and describes blood pressure and institute's parameters calculated value, comprises the pulse wave transmission time, between the calibration equation that concerns.Afterwards, can be stored in the calibration constants that obtains in the control unit 307 among the step SA13 or in other internal storage locations 312.This calibration constants can be called when afterwards, measuring blood pressure with detachable unit 3.In case calibration is finished, detachable unit 3 can take out from main part 2, as a cell operation independently.
When the required physiological signal collection of calibration and cuff formula blood pressure measurement carried out in proper order, its step was similar to above-mentioned explanation.Its difference is that control unit 214 can send an information to control unit 307: after the pressure signal that is obtained by pressure transducer 202 shows that cuff formula blood pressure measurement is finished, and control unit 307 initialization of calibration time windows.The alignment time window can be 10 seconds, and the pulse wave transmission time of noting down in the alignment time window can be used to calibrate in control unit 307.
Abovely at length set forth the present invention in conjunction with some specific preferred embodiment.Yet, should be appreciated that, description that these are detailed and concrete example only are a kind of explanations but not limitation of the invention because to those skilled in the art, obviously can be made various various modifications and variations in spirit and scope of the invention according to these detailed explanations.
Claims (14)
1. non-invasion blood pressure meter, comprise main part and detachable unit, wherein said main part comprises cuff formula blood pressure measuring device, described detachable unit comprises the blood pressure measuring device of non-cuff formula, described detachable unit is installed on the described main part in separable mode, and be electrically connected with described main part, it is characterized in that
Described detachable unit comprises a control unit, the cuff formula measuring device that is used to control described main part carries out blood pressure measurement, and according to the blood pressure measurement of the cuff formula measuring device of described main part, non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device to described detachable unit is calibrated, and utilize described calibration result, determine pressure value according to the parameter that the non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit is detected.
2. according to the described non-invasion blood pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprise: be arranged on the control unit on the described main part, be used for controlling automatically the operation of described main part and when measuring blood pressure, carry out the calculating of pressure value in the cuff mode.
3. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
The cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described main part comprises:
Cuff can place the arm of the measured, by charging and discharging gas is pressurizeed and reduces pressure in this position;
Pump is inflated to initial pressure to described cuff;
Valve is used to discharge the pressure in the described cuff;
Signal supervisory instrument, the signal when detecting the cuff pressure change, and be converted to the corresponding signal of telecommunication, to determine the one or more parameters in diastolic pressure, systolic pressure and the mean pressure;
First signal pre-processing circuit is used for the signal of signal supervisory instrument input is carried out pretreatment; With
First input/output circuitry is used for carrying out signal exchange with described detachable unit;
The non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit comprises:
The physiological signal collecting unit is used to detect the physiological signal of the measured, and is converted to the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
The secondary signal pre-process circuit is used for the signal of telecommunication of physiological signal collecting unit input is carried out pretreatment;
Second input/output device is used for being connected with first input/output circuitry of described main part and carrying out signal exchange.
4. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 3 is characterized in that, further comprises:
The main body operating unit is arranged on described detachable unit and/or the described main part, is used for starting blood pressure measurement operation and calibration operation for user;
Display unit is arranged on described detachable unit and/or the described main part, is used to show the final result or the out of Memory of measurement.
5. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 4 is characterized in that described signal supervisory instrument comprises pressure transducer; Described physiological signal collecting unit comprises the sensor unit that is used to detect PBF signal and bioelectrical signals.
6. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described sensor unit is selected from following device:
One or more light emitting diodes and one or more photoelectric detector are used for obtaining characterizing the signal of PBF, and resulting signal is the photoplethaysmography signal; Or/and
Pressure transducer is used for obtaining characterizing the signal of PBF, and the signal of described sign PBF is the pressure pulse signal; Or/and
Dried electrode is used for obtaining characterizing the signal of PBF, and the signal of described sign PBF is the impedance capacity trace signal; Or/and
Dried electrode is used for obtaining bioelectrical signals, and described bioelectrical signals is an electrocardiosignal.
7. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described one or more light emitting diodes and one or more photoelectric detector place by the made finger fingerstall of the material of shielded from light.
8. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described main part further comprises a slot, be used to place described detachable unit, described slot and described detachable unit all include conductive contact, and described main part and described detachable unit are by described conductive contact input/output signal.
9. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described detachable unit comprises rechargeable battery, described main part is included as the charhing unit of the rechargeable battery charging of described detachable unit, and described slot and described detachable unit all include corresponding conductive contact, the battery of described detachable unit is charged being used for, be provided with charging circuit in the described charhing unit.
10. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described detachable unit comprises the transfer of data mouth of transfer of data being given ancillary equipment, and described transfer of data mouth is wireless connections mouth or wired connection mouth.
11. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described ancillary equipment is that computer, palm PC, mobile phone or other have the electronic product of Presentation Function.
12. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described detachable unit is the device that stopwatch, accutron, electronic toy or other can be worn with oneself by user.
13. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1, wherein said non-invasion blood pressure meter is configured to when the described cuff formula measuring device that utilizes described main part carries out blood pressure measurement the described non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit be calibrated.
14. non-invasion blood pressure meter according to claim 1, wherein said non-invasion blood pressure meter is configured to after the described cuff formula measuring device that utilizes described main part is finished blood pressure measurement the described non-cuff formula blood pressure measuring device of described detachable unit be calibrated.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410029796XA CN100361625C (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2004-03-26 | Non-invading blood pressure metering device and method |
| HK05109829A HK1077725A1 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-11-04 | An apparatus and method for non-invasive blood pressure measurement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200410029796XA CN100361625C (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2004-03-26 | Non-invading blood pressure metering device and method |
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| CN1672631A CN1672631A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
| CN100361625C true CN100361625C (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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| CNB200410029796XA Expired - Fee Related CN100361625C (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2004-03-26 | Non-invading blood pressure metering device and method |
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| HK (1) | HK1077725A1 (en) |
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| EP3760111A4 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2021-12-22 | Hangzhou Megasens Technologies Co., Ltd. | Expandable multiple physiological parameter monitoring ring |
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| CN1672631A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
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