CN100360282C

CN100360282C - Automatic Hole Alignment Mechanism and Hole Alignment Method of Thread Tightening Machine

Info

Publication number: CN100360282C
Application number: CNB200510040298XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林巨广; 马振飞; 卫道柱; 任永强; 何元祥
Original assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Priority date: 2005-05-26
Filing date: 2005-05-26
Publication date: 2008-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2025-05-26
Also published as: CN1699025A

Abstract

The automatic hole-aligning mechanism and hole-aligning method of the thread tightening machine is characterized in that it is driven by a stepping motor, and a rotary mechanism with the axis of the stud as the rotary axis is provided. For the through-beam optical fiber sensor, the transmitter and receiver of the sensor are centered on the rotating shaft, and are arranged on both sides of the stud along the radial direction, and are at the same level as the pin hole of the stud. The invisible light emitted by the transmitter of the sensor The receiving end of the sensor can be reached through the stud pin hole, and the tightening sleeve located at the bottom end of the tightening shaft is provided with light-transmitting holes corresponding to the positions of the notches of the nut. The invention makes it possible to conveniently and accurately align the holes with the pin holes of the studs during the nut tightening process for implementing locking, thereby greatly improving the tightening efficiency.

Description

Screwing machine is automatically to holes mechanism and to the hole method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the screwing machine annex, more specifically saying so a kind ofly is applied on the single shaft screwing machine, the nuts and bolt that needs the construction opening pin after tightening is carried out to the mechanism in hole and to the hole method.

Background technology:

For the nut of tightening, wear the nut check mode that lock tightly is a kind of routine with split pin, especially in the automobile drive axle assembling process.

Common pin-and-hole is set to: at hex nut, six notches evenly are set, and are the radial symmetric setting in twos in its periphery, in the double-screw bolt upper edge its radially be " ten " word or 60 the degree angles a pair of double-screw bolt pin-and-hole is set.In order to wear pin, must when guaranteeing the nut screwing clamping degree, nut and double-screw bolt be carried out accurately to the hole.But in the process that adopts tightening machine to tighten, nut is sleeved on tightening in the sleeve of tightening machine, simultaneously, nut is to be screwed on the double-screw bolt, can't observe notch and the relation of the position between the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole on the double-screw bolt on the nut, cause the hole difficulty, the raising of operating efficiency is hindered.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention is for avoiding above-mentioned existing in prior technology weak point, provide a kind of screwing machine automatically to holes mechanism and to the hole method, make to implementing locking, in the nut screwing clamping process, can carry out the hole with the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole easily and accurately, tighten efficient thereby improve.

The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is:

Screwing machine of the present invention is to be provided with to be driven by stepper motor to the characteristics of holes mechanism automatically, and be the slew gear of gyroaxis with the axis of double-screw bolt, the correlation Fibre Optical Sensor that is made of sensor emission end and sensor receiving terminal is set on its reversing frame, sensor emission end and sensor receiving terminal are to be the center with the gyroaxis, radially divide the both sides that are located at double-screw bolt, and be on the same horizontal level with the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole, the black light that the sensor emission end sends can pass the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole and arrive at the sensor receiving terminal, is positioned at the sleeve of tightening of tightening a bottom and by each notch position correspondence on the nut each loophole is set.

Stepper motor is vertical the installation, stepper motor is fixedly installed on the base plate of cabinet by motor mount, connect firmly motor gear on its output shaft, be used to drive that reversing frame rotates is that the pin-and-hole that is meshed with motor gear is followed the tracks of gear, pin-and-hole is followed the tracks of gear and is installed on the axle sleeve of tightening axle by needle bearing.

The present invention is to carry out as follows holes mechanism to the hole method automatically:

A, nut is placed on the double-screw bolt, rotation drive Fibre Optical Sensor with stepper motor rotates around double-screw bolt, and when the sensor receiving terminal received the black light of sensor emission end emission for the first time, slew gear stopped operating, and be locked on this position, finish position probing to the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole:

B, by tightening sleeve set on nut, at this moment, each loophole of tightening on the sleeve is corresponding one by one with each notch position on the nut, light-permeable;

C, enforcement are tightened, in the rundown process, the screw-down torque of online detection tightening machine, reach the lower limit of setting moment of torsion at screw-down torque, but do not reach as yet in the qualified torque range of the upper limit, along with constantly tightening of nut, when the sensor receiving terminal received the black light signal of sensor emission end emission for the first time, the position of tightening of lock nut got final product.

Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:

1, the present invention adopts stepper motor drive Fibre Optical Sensor to come the hole, and it is simple in structure, easy to operate.

2, the present invention tightens sleeve and changes the installation site of Fibre Optical Sensor on reversing frame by replacing, just can adapt to the nut screwing clamping of different product, has very high flexibility.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the position view of the present invention in tightening machine.

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is that the present invention is to poroid attitude schematic diagram.

Number in the figure: 1 stepper motor, 2 needle bearings, 3 pin-and-holes tracking gear, 4 motor gears, 5 motor mounts, 6 thrust bearings, 7 are tightened axle, 8 and are tightened sleeve, 9 reversing frames, 10 sensor emission ends, 11 sensor receiving terminals, 12 double-screw bolts, 13 nuts, 14 cabinets, 15 double-screw bolt pin-and-holes, 16 loopholes, 17 notches, 18 axle sleeves.

The specific embodiment:

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, be provided with in the present embodiment by stepper motor 1 and drive, and be the slew gear of gyroaxis with the axis of double-screw bolt 12, the correlation Fibre Optical Sensor that is made of sensor emission end 10 and sensor receiving terminal 11 is set on its reversing frame 9, sensor emission end 10 and sensor receiving terminal 11 are being that gyroaxis is the center, radially divide the both sides that are located at double-screw bolt 12, and be on the same horizontal level with double-screw bolt pin-and-hole 15, the black light that sensor emission end 10 sends can pass double-screw bolt pin-and-hole 15 and arrive at sensor receiving terminal 11, is positioned at the sleeve 8 of tightening of tightening axle 7 bottoms and by nut 13 each notch 17 position correspondence each loophole 16 is set.

In concrete the enforcement, as shown in Figure 2, stepper motor 1 is set in cabinet 14, stepper motor 1 is vertical the installation, fixedlys connected with motor mount 5 by bolt, and motor mount 5 is connected by the base plate of bolt with cabinet 14 again.Motor gear 4 is installed in by key on the output shaft of stepper motor 1, and the axial restraint of motor gear 4 is to be fixed on the motor output shaft with holding screw.Motor gear 4 can be by stepper motor 1 driven rotary in the cavity of motor mount 5, and motor gear 4 is followed the tracks of gear 3 with pin-and-hole and carried out gears engaged, follows the tracks of the rotation of gear 3 to drive pin-and-hole.

As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, be used to drive that reversing frame 9 rotates is that pin-and-hole is followed the tracks of gear 3, pin-and-hole is followed the tracks of the engagement of gear 3 and motor gear 4, by the rotation of needle bearing 2 and thrust bearing 6, under the drive of motor gear 4, rotate around tightening axle 7.

In concrete the enforcement, it is to be installed on the axle sleeve 18 of tightening axle 7 by needle bearing 2 that pin-and-hole is followed the tracks of gear 3, and its axial location limits by thrust bearing 6, and thrust bearing 6 is installed in pin-and-hole and follows the tracks of between the base plate of gear 3 and cabinet 14.Pin-and-hole is followed the tracks of gear 3 and is driven reversing frame 9 rotations, and then the correlation Fibre Optical Sensor that drive is installed on the reversing frame 9 is rotated.

In concrete the enforcement, reversing frame 9 is to be fixed on pin-and-hole by three holding screws to follow the tracks of on the gear 3, Fibre Optical Sensor is installed in the bottom of reversing frame 9, and can adjust the installation site up and down in vertical direction, must keep sensor emission end 10 and sensor receiving terminal 11 to be on the horizontal line.After the height of reversing frame 9 will just in time make tightening machine drop to tighten the position, the axis position of sensor receiving terminal 11 and sensor emission end 10 and the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole 15 on the double-screw bolt 12 were on same horizontal level.

When specifically being provided with, the position of double-screw bolt 12 should with tighten sleeve 8 on a vertical line, make that nut 13 is screwed on the double-screw bolt 12 after, tighten sleeve 8 and can aim at nut 13.

In the present embodiment is to carry out as follows to the hole method:

A, nut 13 is placed on the double-screw bolt 12, rotation with stepper motor 1 drives Fibre Optical Sensor around double-screw bolt 12 rotations, when sensor receiving terminal 11 receives the black light of transmitting terminal 10 emissions for the first time, slew gear stops operating, and be locked on this position, finish position probing to double-screw bolt pin-and-hole 15;

B, be sleeved on the nut 13 by tightening sleeve 8, at this moment, each loophole 16 of tightening on the sleeve 8 is corresponding one by one with each notch 17 position on the nut 13, light-permeable;

C, enforcement are tightened, in the rundown process, the screw-down torque of online detection tightening machine, reach the lower limit of setting moment of torsion at screw-down torque, but do not reach as yet in the qualified torque range of the upper limit, along with constantly tightening of nut 13, when sensor receiving terminal 11 received the black light signal of transmitting terminal 10 emissions for the first time, the position of tightening of lock nut 13 got final product.

Working method:

The product that will tighten is placed on the operating desk, operating desk be placed in tightening machine under, manual nut is placed on the double-screw bolt, suitably screw in case the nut landing, attention can not be screwed into too dark, directly the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole is blocked to avoid nut.

Start tightening machine, device for screwing up descends, the drive reversing frame descends, on unified height, (can adjust extreme lower position that device for screwing up descends to reach unified height) until being installed in sensor emission end on the reversing frame and sensor receiving terminal and double-screw bolt pin-and-hole by stroke sensor, tighten sleeve set simultaneously on nut, the nut of this moment still is on the origin-location, promptly keeps not blocking the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole.

Start stepper motor, drive reversing frame by meshed transmission gear and rotate, reversing frame drives the correlation Fibre Optical Sensor and rotates.Stepper motor can come back rotation in the angle of a setting, when the black light that sends when the sensor emission end is received by the sensor receiving terminal by arbitrary double-screw bolt pin-and-hole, stepper motor stops operating, the position probing to the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole is also promptly finished in the position at locking correlation Fibre Optical Sensor this moment place.After this sensor is under the duty always, promptly sends black light by the sensor emission end always, and by the sensor receiving terminal it is received.

Be measured to after the position of double-screw bolt pin-and-hole, tighten sleeve and begin fastening nut.In the process of fastening nut, the sensor receiving terminal may repeatedly receive the black light signal from the sensor emission end, but when the screw-down torque of detected nut did not reach the lower limit of requirement moment of torsion, tightening machine can continue fastening nut.After the screw-down torque of nut reaches the lower limit of requirement torque range, in case the sensor receiving terminal receives the black light signal from the sensor emission end again, show that then the black light that the sensor emission end sends has passed the loophole on the sleeve, the notch of nut and the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole on the double-screw bolt simultaneously, the notch and the double-screw bolt pin-and-hole that promptly are nut are in (as shown in Figure 3) on the straight line, also in prescribed limit, tighten end-of-job to the screw-down torque of hole success and nut this moment.Subsequently, device for screwing up rises, and sleeve is tightened in drive and reversing frame all rises, and by hand split pin is penetrated in the notch of double-screw bolt pin-and-hole and nut, implements locking.

If, reach the lower limit of requirement torque range from the screw-down torque of nut, until surpassing higher limit, the sensor receiving terminal does not receive the black light signal from the sensor emission end all the time, then needs to change nut and operates by said process again.

Claims

1. The automatic hole alignment mechanism of the thread tightening machine is characterized in that it is driven by a stepping motor (1), and the axis of the stud (12) is used as a rotary mechanism, and the rotary frame (9) is equipped with a sensor The through-beam optical fiber sensor composed of the transmitting end (10) and the sensor receiving end (11), the sensor transmitting end (10) and the sensor receiving end (11) are centered on the rotation axis, and are arranged radially on the stud ( 12), and at the same horizontal position as the stud pin hole (15), the invisible light emitted by the sensor transmitting end (10) can pass through the stud pin hole (15) and reach the sensor receiving end (11), The tightening sleeve (8) located at the bottom of the tightening shaft (7) is provided with light-transmitting holes (16) corresponding to the positions of the notches (17) on the nut (13);

Described stepping motor (1) is vertically installed, and stepping motor (1) is fixedly arranged on the base plate of cabinet (14) by motor mount (5), and solidly connects motor gear (4) on its output shaft, is used for What drives the slewing frame (9) to rotate is the pin-hole tracking gear (3) meshed with the motor gear (4), and the pin-hole tracking gear (3) is mounted on the tightening shaft (7) through the needle bearing (2). on the bushing (18).

2. A hole-aligning method for the mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that it is carried out as follows:

a. Put the nut (13) on the stud (12), drive the fiber optic sensor to rotate around the stud (12) with the rotation of the stepping motor (1), and the sensor receiving end (11) receives the sensor transmitting end for the first time (10) When emitting invisible light, the slewing mechanism stops rotating and is locked in this position to complete the position detection of the stud pin hole (15);

b. The tightening sleeve (8) is set on the nut (13). At this time, each light-transmitting hole (16) on the tightening sleeve (8) is in the same position as each notch (17) on the nut (13). One-to-one correspondence, transparent;

c. Implement tightening. During the tightening process, the tightening torque of the tightening machine is detected online. When the tightening torque reaches the lower limit of the set torque but has not yet reached the upper limit of the qualified torque range, with the continuous tightening of the nut (13), the sensor receives When the terminal (11) receives the invisible light signal emitted by the sensor transmitting terminal (10) for the first time, the tightening position of the locking nut (13) is sufficient.