CN100358208C - Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser - Google Patents
Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser Download PDFInfo
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- CN100358208C CN100358208C CNB200510041855XA CN200510041855A CN100358208C CN 100358208 C CN100358208 C CN 100358208C CN B200510041855X A CNB200510041855X A CN B200510041855XA CN 200510041855 A CN200510041855 A CN 200510041855A CN 100358208 C CN100358208 C CN 100358208C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser which is mainly composed of an electric screen circuit 1, a short circuit detecting circuit 2 and a capacitance energy release circuit 3 which are connected in sequence, wherein the capacitance energy release circuit is composed of a driving circuit 3-1 and an energy release circuit 3-2, or is only composed of the energy release circuit 3-2. The capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser is mainly used for monitoring and supervising systems in risky environment, such as coal mines, petrifaction, etc. The present invention effectively reduces the short-circuit spark fault energy of a capacitor, and ensures that electronic equipment with high voltage and large volume capacitance can safely be applied to the risky environment; the output power of an essential safe or anti-explosion power supply can be large, the power supply efficiency can not be reduced, and a circuit structure and a control method are simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of electronic product, it is mainly used in risk environments such as colliery, petrochemical industry, exactly is the capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser in a kind of power-supply device or other electronic products.
Background technology
Electric capacity belongs to energy-storage travelling wave tube, its energy stored and its voltage square proportional.If will have the capacity cell short circuit of certain voltage, can in the extremely short time, produce bigger spark energy.And if have the circuit or the system of capacity cell, be applied to exist dangerous type environment inflammable, explosion hazard gases as DC power supply etc., when energy stored on the electric capacity arrives to a certain degree greatly, because of the spark energy that short circuit produces will be ignited dangerous gas or their mixture.Therefore, for circuit or system and dangerous type environmentAL safety, related standards has been made strict regulation to the size and the pairing voltage thereof of electric capacity, so that electric capacity is when short circuit occurring for some reason, and enough little of the spark energy of generation.Power supply is the important component part of risk environment monitorings such as colliery, petrochemical industry, supervisory control system electronic equipment, and be the bigger parts of power in the electronic equipment, its output includes the bigger filter capacitor of capacity usually, the output voltage of power supply also higher (as 18V, 24V etc.), therefore, in case faults such as short circuit occur, the electric spark of its generation will inevitably be ignited inflammable, explosion hazard gases, bring serious hidden danger for the people's life security and national wealth loss, obviously can not satisfy essential safety and require.Therefore, be applied in the dangerous type environment, just must be connected in series some energy limited circuit or take some energy limited or the release means, the fault spark energy is limited in the enough little scope in order to make the power supply or the electronic equipments safety ground that contain the big electric capacity of capacity.The way of dealing with problems at present is: the energy that 1. limits the short-circuit spark discharge at the output serial connection current-limiting resistance of electric capacity.Shortcoming is: owing to increased resistance, the efficient of power supply reduces, and is unfavorable for realizing high-power.2. increase a voltage stabilizing current limliting link, the short circuit current of limiting capacitance device at output.Shortcoming is: reduce conversion efficiency, and must take multipleization measure to improve reliability.3. take to increase the frequency of method raising frequently, reduce the output filter capacitor of power supply, thereby reduce output short-circuit discharge spark energy, but circuit structure and control method more complicated.In addition, the power supply that adopts is provided with flameproof enclosure for explosion-proof outside power source body at present, and it has not only increased weight of equipment, and poor radiation, has also strengthened equipment cost simultaneously.According to statistics, all types of collieries of China have 2.6 ten thousand approximately at present, more than 3000 in wherein large and medium-sized colliery, and key issue is that monitoring, supervisory control system are unsound, has a lot of hidden danger, so equipment improvement is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser in order to solve problems of the prior art, and it is attempted by the two ends of filter capacitor.When operate as normal, energy release circuit disconnects, and has only very little leakage current to flow through this circuit, and loss is very little; And when short trouble occurring, energy release circuit is open-minded, and on state resistance approaches zero, and the energy of electric capacity is discharged very soon, the failed shorted spark energy is sharply reduced, thereby the fault spark energy is limited in the enough little scope.
The present invention realizes with following technical proposal: this capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser is connected to form successively by upper electric shielding circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit and energy release circuit three parts.That is to say that the upper electric shielding circuit is connected to short-circuit detecting circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit is connected to energy release circuit, and wherein capacitive energy release circuit is to be made of drive circuit and energy release circuit, or is made of energy release circuit self.Described upper electric shielding circuit is to be formed by connecting with the negative electrode of diode D1 by capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 serial connection back.Described short-circuit detecting circuit mainly by sample resistance R2 and R3, meet a reference voltage source U1 at the tie point of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 and constitute; Perhaps by sample resistance R2 and R3, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 connects an amplifier or comparator circuit U1 formation at resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 tie points; Perhaps by sample resistance R2 and R3, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 and the two poles of the earth amplifying circuit of being made up of triode VT3 and VT4 are constituted.It is to be made of the drop-down or time delay resistance R6 on switching tube VT2 and the grid thereof, the current-limiting resistance Rd in the drain electrode that described capacitive energy discharges circuit.Perhaps the drive circuit that mainly is made of diode D2, power amplification triode VT1 reaches and is made up of switching tube VT2, current-limiting resistance Rd, energy release circuit drop-down or that time delay resistance R6 constitutes.
The present invention has reduced the short-circuit spark fault energy of electric capacity effectively; The electronic equipment of guaranteeing that voltage is higher and including large bulk capacitance can be applied to risk environment safely; The power output of intrinsically safe power supply can be done more, and can not reduce the efficient of power supply, circuit structure and control method are simpler; Do not establish flameproof enclosure outside power source body, so thermal diffusivity is good, weight of equipment does not increase, and has reduced equipment cost simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser theory diagram.
Fig. 2 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment one fundamental diagram.
Fig. 3 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment two fundamental diagrams.
Fig. 4 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment three fundamental diagrams.
Fig. 5 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment four fundamental diagrams.
Fig. 6 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment five fundamental diagrams.
Fig. 7 is capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser embodiment six fundamental diagrams.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings overall structure of the present invention and operation principle thereof are done concrete detailed explanation:
Shown in Figure 1, capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser, it discharges circuit 3 by upper electric shielding circuit 1, short-circuit detecting circuit 2 and capacitive energy and connects to form successively, that is to say that the upper electric shielding circuit is connected to short-circuit detecting circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit is connected to capacitive energy and discharges circuit, it is to be made of switch driving circuit 3-1 and energy release circuit 3-2 that described capacitive energy discharges circuit, or self is made of energy release circuit 3-1.Two of circuit of the present invention lead-out terminal A and B connect "+" and "-" end of capacitor C 0 voltage, (the design does not comprise capacitor C 0) respectively during practical application.Its operation principle is that short-circuit detecting circuit judges by detecting the voltage at electric current or electric capacity two ends whether short trouble takes place.Electric current in detecting circuit surpasses a certain set point or voltage and is reduced to when being lower than a certain set point, and judgement is short-circuited; Send signal by short-circuit detecting circuit, make the quick conducting of power switch pipe of energy release circuit, electric capacity releases energy by current-limiting resistance and power switch pipe, (voltage at electric capacity two ends discharged into and approached zero time-delay a period of time, be capacitive energy discharged finish) after, switch turn-offs, and circuit returns to original state.Therefore, when short trouble takes place, the energy of electric capacity will mainly discharge by energy release circuit, and the spark energy that produces because of the output short trouble reaches restriction.The effect of upper electric shielding circuit is to guarantee that circuit can normal starting.
Fig. 2 provides embodiments of the invention one, and two of circuit of the present invention lead-out terminal A and B connect "+" and "-" end of the voltage of capacitor C 0 respectively during practical application, and the design does not comprise the part in the frame of broken lines.Wherein upper electric shielding circuit 1 is to be formed by connecting with diode D1 negative electrode by capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 serial connection back; Short-circuit detecting circuit 2 mainly by sample resistance R2 and R3, meet reference voltage source U1 at resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 tie points and constitute; Capacitive energy discharges circuit 3 and forms by the power switch driver circuit of diode D2, pull down resistor R5, drop-down (or time-delay) resistance R 6, resistance R c and triode VT1 formation and by the energy release circuit that current-limiting resistance Rd and switching tube VT2 constitute.Wherein switching tube VT2 can adopt other controlled tr tubes such as triode, metal-oxide-semiconductor or IGBT.Operation principle is: resistance R 2 and R3 are the capacitance voltage sample resistances, and during operate as normal, the dividing potential drop of output voltage on sample resistance R3 is greater than 2.5V, make U1 keep conducting always, negative electrode 2 ends of U1 are output as low level, and switching tube VT2 ends, and entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the dividing potential drop on resistance R 3 less than 2.5V, 2 ends of U1 just become high level, switching tube VT2 conducting, entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, capacitor C 0 is by current-limiting resistance Rd and switching tube VT2 rapid release energy.In the incipient stage that powers on, voltage by current-limiting resistance R1, capacitor C 1 directly be added to U1 3 ends (R1＜＜R2, C1 is equivalent to short circuit), make that 2 pin at beginning a period of time U1 are low level, switching tube VT2 ends, and guarantees the normal startup of circuit.And when short trouble took place, switching tube VT2 conducting made capacitor C 1 by diode D1 repid discharge, got ready for starting once more.
Fig. 3 has provided embodiments of the invention 2, and it is compared with Fig. 2, and short-circuit detecting circuit is mainly by sample resistance R2 and R3, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, and operational amplifier or comparator circuit U1 (LM358 or other model) and resistance R 4, Rz constitute; In addition, remainder is identical with Fig. 2.Its operation principle is: resistance R 2 and R3 are capacitor C 0 dividing potential drop sample resistances, during operate as normal, the dividing potential drop of output voltage on resistance R 3 is greater than the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, make the output of amplifier or comparator U1 be low level always, switching tube VT2 (IRF540) ends, and entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the dividing potential drop on resistance R 3 is less than the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, the output of amplifier or comparator U1 just becomes high level, switching tube VT2 conducting, entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, and capacitor C 0 is by resistance R d and switching tube VT2 rapid release energy.In the incipient stage that powers on, voltage by resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 directly be added to U1 end of oppisite phase (R1＜＜R2, C1 is equivalent to short circuit), make to be output as low level that switching tube VT2 ends, and guarantees the normal startup of circuit at beginning a period of time U1.And when short trouble took place, the VT2 conducting made capacitor C 1 by diode D1 repid discharge, got ready for starting once more.
Fig. 4 has provided embodiments of the invention 3, and it also is a kind of version of Fig. 2, compares with Fig. 2, and it is by the drop-down or time delay resistance R6 on switching tube VT2 (IRF540) and the grid thereof, current-limiting resistance Rd formation in the drain electrode that described capacitive energy discharges circuit 3.That is to say: taken down switching tube drive circuit 3-1 in the entire circuit of the present invention, directly received the grid of switching tube VT2 by the negative electrode of reference voltage source U1 (TL431) by diode D2, other circuit is identical with Fig. 2 appropriate section.Its operation principle is: during operate as normal, the dividing potential drop of output voltage on resistance R 3 makes reference voltage source U1 keep conducting greater than 2.5V always, and 2 ends of U1 are output as low level, and switching tube VT2 ends, and entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the dividing potential drop on resistance R 3 less than 2.5V, 2 ends of U1 just become high level, the VT2 conducting, entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, capacitor C 0 is by resistance R d and VT2 rapid release energy.
Fig. 5 has provided embodiments of the invention 4, it is actually a kind of version of Fig. 3, taken down the switching tube drive circuit, directly receive the grid of power switch pipe VT2 (IRF540) by the output of amplifier or comparator U1 (LM358 or other model) by current-limiting resistance R4, other circuit is identical with appropriate section among Fig. 3.Its operation principle is: resistance R 2 and R3 are the capacitance voltage sample resistances, and during operate as normal, the dividing potential drop of output voltage on resistance R 3 makes the output of amplifier or comparator U1 be low level greater than the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 always, and switching tube VT2 ends.Entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the dividing potential drop on resistance R 3 is less than the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, the output of amplifier or comparator U1 just becomes high level, switching tube VT2 conducting, entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, and capacitor C 0 is by resistance R d and switching tube VT2 rapid release energy.
Fig. 6 has provided embodiments of the invention 5, in fact also be a kind of version of Fig. 2, it is compared with Fig. 2, and short-circuit detecting circuit is mainly by resistance R 2, R3, the two poles of the earth amplifying circuit that voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 and triode VT3 and VT4 form constitutes, and other partial circuits are identical with Fig. 2 appropriate section.The type of attachment of the short-circuit detecting circuit tie point that to be resistance R 2 join with R3 is received the base stage of triode VT3, resistance R 3 is connected with voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1, the emitter of VT3 connects the anode of power supply, the collector electrode of VT3 is received the base stage of triode VT4 by resistance R 4, the collector electrode of VT4 connects the base stage of triode VT1 respectively and connects power positive end by resistance R 8, and the negative electrode of diode D1 is received the base stage of VT4 by resistance R 9.Its principle is: during operate as normal, the voltage that the voltage of capacitor C 0 deducts voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 is still greater than the emitter junction pressure drop of triode VT3, then triode VT3 and VT4 conducting, triode VT1 and switching tube VT2 (IRF540) end, and entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the voltage of capacitor C 0 deducts the emitter junction pressure drop of the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 less than triode VT3, then triode VT3 and VT4 are by, triode VT1 and switching tube VT2 conducting, entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, and capacitor C 0 is by current-limiting resistance Rd and switching tube VT2 rapid release energy.The incipient stage that is powering on, voltage directly is added to the base stage (C1 is equivalent to short circuit) of VT4 by capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 and R9, make beginning very low level of a period of time triode VT4 conducting, its current collection, triode VT1 and VT2 end, and guarantee the normal startup of circuit.And when short trouble took place, switching tube VT2 conducting made capacitor C 1 by diode D1 repid discharge, got ready for starting once more.
Fig. 7 has provided embodiments of the invention 6, and it is a kind of version of Fig. 6, compares with Fig. 6: it is by the drop-down or time delay resistance R6 on switching tube VT2 (IRF540) and the grid thereof, current-limiting resistance Rd formation in the drain electrode that described capacitive energy discharges circuit 3.Be that capacitive energy release circuit has removed driving circuit section, directly received the grid of switching tube VT2 by the collector electrode of amplifying triode VT4, other partial circuits are identical with the appropriate section of Fig. 6.Its operation principle is: during operate as normal, the voltage of capacitor C 0 deducts the voltage of voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 still greater than the emitter junction pressure drop of triode VT3, and then amplifying triode VT3 and VT4 conducting, switching tube VT2 end, and entire circuit is in off state; When short trouble takes place, in case the voltage of capacitor C 0 deducts the emitter junction pressure drop of the voltage of ZD1 less than triode VT3, then VT3 and VT4 are by, switching tube VT2 conducting, and entire circuit is in the low-resistance conducting state, and capacitor C 0 is by current-limiting resistance Rd and VT2 rapid release energy.In the incipient stage that powers on, voltage makes beginning very low level of a period of time VT4 conducting, its current collection that by the base stage (C1 is equivalent to short circuit) that capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 and R9 directly are added to VT4 VT2 ends, and guarantees the normal startup of circuit.And when short trouble took place, the VT2 conducting made C1 pass through diode D1 repid discharge, got ready for starting once more.
Among the above-described figure, resistance R c or Rd all can direct short-circuits, and the operation principle of circuit is constant.Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser can realize that the scheme of capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser also has a lot except execution mode listed above.Consider the quick degree of electric circuit inspection sensitivity, discharge and the security reliability of circuit working etc., listed examples one circuit is a preferred version.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser, it is characterized in that it discharges circuit (3) by upper electric shielding circuit (1), short-circuit detecting circuit (2) and capacitive energy and connects to form successively, it is to be made of switch driving circuit (3-1) and energy release circuit (3-2) that wherein said capacitive energy discharges circuit, or is made of energy release circuit (3-1) self.
2, capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser according to claim 1 is characterized in that upper electric shielding circuit (1) is to be formed by connecting with diode D1 negative pole by capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 serial connection back.
3, capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that short-circuit detecting circuit (2) mainly by sample resistance R2 and R3, meet a reference voltage source U1 at the tie point of resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 and constitute; Perhaps by sample resistance R2 and R3, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 connects an amplifier or comparator circuit U1 formation at resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 tie points; Perhaps by resistance R 2 and R3, voltage stabilizing didoe ZD1 and triode VT3 and VT4 the two poles of the earth amplifying circuit constitute.
4, capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is to be made of the drop-down or time delay resistance R6 on switching tube VT2 and the grid thereof, the current-limiting resistance Rd in the drain electrode that described capacitive energy discharges circuit (3).
5, capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser according to claim 1 is characterized in that described capacitive energy discharges the power switch driver circuit that circuit (3) mainly is made of diode D2, triode VT1 and is made up of switching tube VT2, current-limiting resistance Rd, energy release circuit drop-down or that time delay resistance R6 constitutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510041855XA CN100358208C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200510041855XA CN100358208C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser |
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| CN1767299A CN1767299A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100358208C true CN100358208C (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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| CNB200510041855XA Expired - Fee Related CN100358208C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Capacitance short-circuit spark energy releaser |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102508138A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Simulation device of non-contact spark discharge process |
| CN104753326A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-01 | 广东工业大学 | AC-DC (alternating current-direct current) drive output filter capacitor quick active leakage circuit |
| CN105099208A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-11-25 | 航天长峰朝阳电源有限公司 | Dynamic capacitance discharger based on adjustable DC (Direct Current) stabilized power supply |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4342061A (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-07-27 | Frank W. Murphy Manufacturer, Inc. | Voltage reduction safety circuit |
| CN2074509U (en) * | 1990-08-11 | 1991-04-03 | 肖公亮 | Safety accumulator |
| CN2631091Y (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2004-08-04 | 杨会超 | Capacitor short-circuit automatic protecting device |
| CN2791993Y (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-06-28 | 刘树林 | Capacitance sort circuit spark energy release device |
-
2005
- 2005-03-25 CN CNB200510041855XA patent/CN100358208C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4342061A (en) * | 1981-03-04 | 1982-07-27 | Frank W. Murphy Manufacturer, Inc. | Voltage reduction safety circuit |
| CN2074509U (en) * | 1990-08-11 | 1991-04-03 | 肖公亮 | Safety accumulator |
| CN2631091Y (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2004-08-04 | 杨会超 | Capacitor short-circuit automatic protecting device |
| CN2791993Y (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-06-28 | 刘树林 | Capacitance sort circuit spark energy release device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 较大电感或较大电容电路的本安保护设计 张刚.电气防爆，第137期 1999 * |
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