CN100357999C - Circuit for driving organic light emitting diode - Google Patents

Circuit for driving organic light emitting diode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100357999C
CN100357999C CNB031232485A CN03123248A CN100357999C CN 100357999 C CN100357999 C CN 100357999C CN B031232485 A CNB031232485 A CN B031232485A CN 03123248 A CN03123248 A CN 03123248A CN 100357999 C CN100357999 C CN 100357999C
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light emitting
emitting diode
organic light
circuit
data
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CN1540615A (en
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施立伟
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AU Optronics Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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Abstract

The present invention provides a drive circuit which comprises a first electric crystal, an inverter, a data input circuit and a voltage drop circuit, wherein the first end of the first electric crystal is connected with a voltage source, and the second end is connected with an organic light emitting diode; the output end of the inverter is connected with the control end of the first electric crystal; the output end of the data input circuit is connected with the input end of the inverter, and the data input circuit is used for inputting data; the voltage drop circuit is connected with the output end of the data input circuit, and is used for reducing the voltage of the output end of the data input circuit. The drive circuit determines the time for driving the organic light emitting diode to emit light based on data magnitude input into the data input circuit.

Description

The driving circuit of Organic Light Emitting Diode
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of in order to drive the driving circuit of Organic Light Emitting Diode, refers to a kind of driving circuit of controlling the luminous time length of this Organic Light Emitting Diode according to the size of importing data especially.
Background technology
Since have high brightness, fast response speed, with great visual angle, autoluminescence, advantage such as slim, (Organic Light Emitting Diode OLED) becomes most popular person in the light-emitting component that constitutes display device to Organic Light Emitting Diode gradually.Organic Light Emitting Diode is a kind of current driving element, by the flow through luminosity (also claiming the GTG value) of this Organic Light Emitting Diode of controlled amount system of electric current of an Organic Light Emitting Diode of adjustment.
The flow through size of electric current of an Organic Light Emitting Diode of known adjustment is the driven method with one of method of the luminous intensity of controlling this Organic Light Emitting Diode, the driven method is by adjusting a membrane transistor (TFT who is serially connected with this Organic Light Emitting Diode, have the thin advantage of volume) the voltage of gate terminal with the flow through electric current of this Organic Light Emitting Diode of control, and and then control the luminous intensity of this Organic Light Emitting Diode.The gate and the potential difference (PD) between source electrode of this membrane transistor are big more, and the electric current of this Organic Light Emitting Diode of flowing through is just strong more, and the GTG value that this Organic Light Emitting Diode presented is also just big more; Otherwise the gate and the potential difference (PD) between source electrode of this membrane transistor are more little, and the electric current of this Organic Light Emitting Diode of flowing through is just weak more, and the GTG value that this Organic Light Emitting Diode presented is also just more little.
Though have with the membrane transistor of low temperature polycrystalline silicon processing procedure growth and to make the high video picture performance of Organic Light Emitting Diode reach ultimate attainment high carrier mobility, but in being manufactured with the process of OLED, even if the membrane transistor of same model also can be because of having the problem that different critical voltages produces inhomogeneous video picture, just, though be applied in identical driving voltage, the membrane transistor of same model also can produce different strength of current, cause former should produce the same gray level value by the membrane transistor of same model separately-driven Organic Light Emitting Diode send light with varying strength, so will reduce the practicality of Organic Light Emitting Diode significantly.Yet, because the electric current that the membrane transistor of same model is produced when being driven to the saturation region can't have significant difference because of different critical voltages, so, the membrane transistor of same model of the luminous intensity of control Organic Light Emitting Diode is driven into all that the saturation region can make these same models but membrane transistor with different critical voltage produces identical current value, and by the adjustment GTG value that time this Organic Light Emitting Diode of may command of electric current of an Organic Light Emitting Diode presented of flowing through.
And that width modulation method (PWM) is is a kind of by providing OLED certain value electric current but adjust flow through time of this Organic Light Emitting Diode of this definite value electric current and control the method for the luminous intensity of this Organic Light Emitting Diode.See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the sequential chart of known PWM method.The PWM method is according to GTG value (2 with a display time interval (frame, the length of display time interval SF can be along with the difference of the frequency of operation of this Organic Light Emitting Diode and changed, generally speaking, the length of display time interval SF is 16.6ms) SF N) be divided into (N) SF of a plurality of modulator zones (subframe) 0To SF 5, each modulator zone SF 0To SF 5All comprise data respectively and write period TV 0To TV 5An and data presentation period TL 0To TL 5The luminous membrane transistor of control Organic Light Emitting Diode is that the data that have same time length in each modulator zone write the period by the different of certain value voltage foundation one input data (these input data are the digital input data that converted via an analog/digital converter by analog pattern input data) or are closed the definite value electric current that Organic Light Emitting Diode sends the light of some strength; Then this membrane transistor (closing or be driven to the saturation region) is can this Organic Light Emitting Diode of control not luminous or send the light that this decides intensity in the data display time interval with different time length, produces GTG to control this Organic Light Emitting Diode according to these input data.
For instance, please consult Fig. 1 again, suppose that grey exponent number is 64, then the display time interval corresponding to this ash exponent number can be divided into 6 modulator zone (modulator zone SF 0To SF 5Data presentation period TL 0To TL 5The length ratio be 1: 2: 4: 8: 16: 32), if this Organic Light Emitting Diode GTG value that need show is 27, then this fixed value voltage can be in modulator zone SF 0, SF 1, SF 3And SF 4Data (27=1+2+8+16) write period TV 0, TV 1, TV 3And TV 4This membrane transistor is urged to the saturation region, so that this Organic Light Emitting Diode is in data presentation period TL 0, TL 1, TL 3And TL 4The time send the light that this decides intensity.If the GTG value that this Organic Light Emitting Diode need show is 55, then this fixed value voltage can be in modulator zone SF 0, SF 1, SF 2, SF 4And SF 5Data (55=1+2+4+16+32) write period TV 0, TV 1, TV 2, TV 4And TV 5This membrane transistor is urged to the saturation region, so that this Organic Light Emitting Diode is in data presentation period TL 0, TL 1, TL 2, TL 4And TL 5The time send the light that this decides intensity.Total be exactly the fluorescent lifetime length of PWM method by above-mentioned this Organic Light Emitting Diode of control produces the GTG value (27/55=(TL corresponding to the input data 0+ TL 1+ TL 3+ TL 4)/(TL 0+ TL 1+ TL 2+ TL 4+ TL 5)), to solve the uneven phenomenon of the video picture that otherness was caused that known driven method is run into because of membrane transistor.
Yet, control in the luminous process of this Organic Light Emitting Diode in use PWM method, no matter should why import data, this Organic Light Emitting Diode is all not luminous when data write period TN0 to TN6, and just the luminescence efficiency maximum of this Organic Light Emitting Diode only is data presentation period total length/this display time interval ((TL 0+ TL 1+ TL 2+ TL 3+ TL 4+ TL 5)/(SF 0+ SF 1+ SF 2+ SF 3+ SF 4+ SF 5)), this will reduce the service efficiency of this Organic Light Emitting Diode.Secondly, increase along with grey exponent number, the quantity of modulator zone also certainly will and then increase, and the time span that each modulator zone can be assigned to will reduce, this means that also each data writes dwindling of period, because the driving circuit of known driving Organic Light Emitting Diode all is to utilize the charge/discharge of an electric capacity to move to increase/reduces the luminous intensity of the voltage of this electric capacity with the control Organic Light Emitting Diode, too small data write the period and are bound to provide the driving circuit plenty of time will import data (that is can't provide this Organic Light Emitting Diode to send this decide the required fixed value voltage of intensity light) correctly is provided in this electric capacity.Moreover, the length of display time interval SF also can be along with the increase of the frequency of operation of Organic Light Emitting Diode and is reduced, that is the data of each modulator zone length that writes the period also can be along with the increase of the frequency of operation of Organic Light Emitting Diode and reduce.Bigger electric capacity maybe can improve above-mentioned disappearance, yet bigger electric capacity institute is incident but disagrees with the desired characteristic such as light, thin, short, little of integrated circuit than large tracts of land.So under the prerequisite that does not strengthen electric capacity, known PWM method can limit the number of the GTG that Organic Light Emitting Diode can present.In addition, the driving circuit of known use PWM method only can be used to handle digital input data, therefore, this driving circuit need comprise an analog/digital converter in addition and be used for converting analog input data to digital input data in advance, and this can increase the cost of this driving circuit.
Summary of the invention
Therefore fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of driving circuit that is used for driving Organic Light Emitting Diode, to solve the shortcoming that efficient is not enough and grey exponent number can't promote that known techniques was caused.
According to claim of the present invention, the present invention discloses a kind of driving circuit that is used for driving an Organic Light Emitting Diode, this driving circuit comprises: one first electric crystal, one phase inverter, one data input circuit and a pressure drop circuit, first end of this first electric crystal is connected in a voltage source, its second end is connected in this Organic Light Emitting Diode, the output terminal of this phase inverter is connected in the control end of this first electric crystal, the output terminal of this data input circuit is connected in the input end of this phase inverter, this data input circuit is used for importing data, this pressure drop circuit is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit, is used for reducing the voltage of the output terminal of this data input circuit.
This first electric crystal can be a TFT electric crystal.
Because the TFT electric crystal in the driving circuit of the present invention always operates on the saturation region, no matter therefore the critical voltage of the TFT electric crystal of same model why, the Organic Light Emitting Diode that is controlled by identical input data all can send the light with same intensity; Secondly, because this driving circuit is controlled the length of the fluorescent lifetime of this Organic Light Emitting Diode according to the size that is input into the data of this data input circuit, that is the fluorescent lifetime of this Organic Light Emitting Diode is the size that is proportional to these data, presents unlimited many group GTGs so this driving circuit can drive this Organic Light Emitting Diode; Moreover the Organic Light Emitting Diode among the present invention can work in higher frequency; At last, be input into data in this driving circuit and can be analogly or digital, so this driving circuit need not comprise an analog/digital converter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sequential chart of known PWM method.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the sequential chart of the phase inverter in the driving circuit shown among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 for the electric capacity in the driving circuit shown among Fig. 2 corresponding to three voltage time graphs of a relation with data of different value.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of driving circuit of the present invention.
Embodiment
The implication of the symbol representative in the accompanying drawing at first is described: 40,60 driving circuits; 42 phase inverters; 44 data input circuits; 46 pressure drop circuit; 62 comparers; 80 Organic Light Emitting Diodes; C electric capacity; T 1First electric crystal; T 2Second electric crystal; T 3The 3rd electric crystal.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of driving circuit 20 of the present invention, and driving circuit 40 is to be used for driving an Organic Light Emitting Diode 80.Driving circuit 40 comprises one first electric crystal T 1, a phase inverter 42, a data input circuit 44 and a pressure drop circuit 46.The first electric crystal T 1Be the luminous intensity that is used for controlling Organic Light Emitting Diode 80, its first end is to be connected in a voltage source V Dd, its second end is to be connected in Organic Light Emitting Diode 80; The output terminal I of phase inverter 42 OutBe to be connected in the first electric crystal T 1Control end T 1c, the input end I of phase inverter 42 InBe the output terminal D that is connected in data input circuit 44 OutData input circuit 44 is to be used for importing data (analog or digital all can); Pressure drop circuit 46 is connected in the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 Out, be used for reducing the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 OutVoltage.In an embodiment of the present invention, pressure drop circuit 46 comprises one the 3rd electric crystal T 3, and data input circuit 44 comprises one second electric crystal T 2And a capacitor C, the second electric crystal T 2First end be connected in the input end D of data input circuit 44 In, the second electric crystal T 2Second end be connected in the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 Out, an end of capacitor C is connected in the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 Out, the second electric crystal T 2Control end T 2cBe connected in one and select voltage V ScanPhase inverter 42 is complementary electric crystal (CMOS) phase inverter, that is to say, as the input end I of phase inverter 42 InVoltage be lower than the critical voltage V of complementary electric crystal nThe time, the output terminal I of phase inverter 42 OutCan export a high voltage, otherwise, the output terminal I of phase inverter 42 OutCan export a low-voltage; The first electric crystal T 1Can be a membrane transistor (TFT).
The operation of driving circuit 40 of the present invention also writes the period in these data and will import data and write in the capacitor C as known PWM method is instructed, and the data presentation period with the first electric crystal T 1Be urged to the saturation region to produce the certain value electric current, and and then make Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 produce certain intensity light, and with known PWM method instructed different be that the display time interval of driving circuit 40 of the present invention only comprises data and writes a period and a data presentation period.
The operation of driving circuit 40 is described as follows: when Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 is chosen, be connected in the second electric crystal T 2Control end T 2cSelection voltage V ScanCan open the second electric crystal T 2With with the second electric crystal T 2Input end D InData write in these data and write in the period in the capacitor C, capacitor C voltage (the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 that can be charged constantly just up to capacitor C Out, phase inverter 42 input end I InVoltage) equal the voltage of these data.
The 3rd electric crystal T 3Be controlled by one and adjust voltage V Adjust, when adjusting voltage V AdjustOpen the 3rd electric crystal T 3The time, pressure drop circuit 46 can be considered the definite value current source of an output certain value electric current, and it can flow out the charge stable ground that is stored in the capacitor C, by adjusting voltage V AdjustThe size that can adjust this definite value electric current also correspondingly changes the discharge rate of capacitor C.In data via the second electric crystal T 2Input end D InWhen being input to capacitor C, the electric charge that is stored in the capacitor C can be constantly via the 3rd electric crystal T that opens 3Run off, yet, via adjusting voltage V Adjust, the may command data write the speed that is written into capacitor C in the period in these data and are higher than the electric charge that is stored in the capacitor C via the 3rd electric crystal T 3The speed that runs off is so capacitor C writes the period in these data always can store electric charge corresponding to these data when finishing.
When the voltage of capacitor C (equals the output terminal D of data input circuit 44 Out, phase inverter 42 input end I InVoltage) because of being input into the input end D of data input circuit 42 InData cause and surpass the critical voltage V of the complementary electric crystal in the phase inverter 42 nThe time, phase inverter 42 can be in its output terminal I OutBut the output one conducting first electric crystal T 1The definite value low-voltage so that the first electric crystal T 1Source electrode (it is to be connected in voltage source V Dd) and gate (control end T 1c) between maintain a high voltage and and then with the first electric crystal T 1Be urged to the saturation region.See also Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the sequential chart of the phase inverter 42 in the driving circuit 40 of the present invention, as the input end I of phase inverter 42 InInput voltage V InLess than critical voltage V nThe time, phase inverter 42 is in its output terminal I OutOutput certain value high voltage, on the contrary phase inverter 42 is in its output terminal I OutExport this definite value low-voltage.As previously mentioned, difference is very little each other to operate on the electric current that the same model membrane transistor in the saturation region produced, so driving circuit 40 of the present invention can not produce different electric currents because of using different membrane transistors, and and then make Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 produce different luminous intensities.
Because the 3rd electric crystal T 3Be as the certain value current source, its can will be stored in electric charge in the capacitor C run off with the relation of linearity, therefore, when the voltage of capacitor C because of the 3rd electric crystal T 3Discharge process and drop to the critical voltage V that is lower than complementary electric crystal nVoltage the time, the output terminal I of phase inverter 42 OutVoltage will rise to this definite value high voltage, to close the first electric crystal T 1, and and then that Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 is stopped is luminous.Because the 3rd electric crystal T 3The effect of definite value current source, the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 can be with the input end D that is input into data input circuit 44 InData difference and change to some extent, to reach control GTG value.In other words, if these data are bigger, capacitor C will be charged to higher voltage, and the discharge process of voltage by the definite value current source with capacitor C of higher voltage value can experience the critical voltage V that the time more of a specified duration just can be brought down below the complementary electric crystal of phase inverter 42 nVoltage, the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 also can be correspondingly longer; Otherwise if these data are less, the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 also can be correspondingly shorter, to reach according to the size of data with the luminous time length of control Organic Light Emitting Diode 80.
See also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 has data A, the B of different value and the input end D that C is input into the data input circuit 44 in the driving circuit 40 of the present invention for working as three In, the voltage time graph of a relation of capacitor C.Under the definite value current discharge effect of pressure drop circuit 46, the voltage of capacitor C can descend with the relation of linearity, when the voltage of capacitor C drops to subcritical voltage V nVoltage the time, Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 stops luminous.By finding out among Fig. 4, the value of data is big more (as data A 1), drop to subcritical voltage V corresponding to the voltage of the capacitor C of these data nThe required also long more (T of time of voltage A1), and the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 also correspondingly long more (the GTG value is bigger); Otherwise, corresponding to data A 3The voltage of capacitor C drop to subcritical voltage V nThe required the shortest (T of time of voltage A3), correspondingly, the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 also the shortest (the GTG value is more little).
Also replaceable one-tenth one comparer of phase inverter 42 in the driving circuit 40 of the present invention sees also Fig. 5, and Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of second embodiment of driving circuit 60 of the present invention.The driving circuit 60 among Fig. 5 and the difference of the driving circuit 40 among Fig. 2 only are that driving circuit 40 is to comprise a phase inverter 42, and driving circuit 60 then is to comprise a comparer 62.Similarly, the output terminal CP of comparer 62 OutBe to be connected in the first electric crystal T 1Control end T 1c, and the first input end CP of comparer 62 In1Be the output terminal D that is connected in data input circuit 44 Out, and the second input end CP of comparer 62 In2Then be to be connected to a reference voltage V RefOutput terminal D when data input circuit 44 OutVoltage be to be higher than reference voltage V RefThe time, comparer 62 can be in its output terminal CP OutOutput one low fixed value voltage is with the conducting first electric crystal T 1Otherwise comparer 62 can be in its output terminal CP OutExport a high-set setting voltage to close the first electric crystal T 1, and and then that Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 is stopped is luminous.Since among Fig. 5 among the operation of shown driving circuit 60 and Fig. 2 the operation of shown driving circuit 40 identical, so no longer driving circuit 60 is added to give unnecessary details in this.
Compared to the luminous driving circuit of known driving Organic Light Emitting Diode, driving circuit 40 of the present invention (driving circuit 60) utilizes phase inverter 42 (comparer 62) to make TFT electric crystal T 1Operate on the saturation region, and utilize pressure drop circuit 46 and capacitor C to control the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80.Driving circuit of the present invention has following advantage at least:
1) the TFT electric crystal T in the driving circuit 40,60 1Perseverance operates on the saturation region, has removed because of the puzzlement that the Organic Light Emitting Diode that is controlled by identical input data that caused but sends the light with varying strength that differs of TFT electric crystal quality;
2) driving circuit 40,60 is according to the length of the fluorescent lifetime of the size control Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 of the data that are input into data input circuit 44, that is the fluorescent lifetime of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80 is the sizes that are proportional to these data, and driving circuit 40,60 can drive light emitting diode 80 and presents unlimited many group GTGs;
3) in the equivalence, just like only comprise the PWM method of single modulator zone, data are that the data that are input in this single modulator zone write the period to driving circuit 40,60 when driving Organic Light Emitting Diode 80, and the discharge of the data presentation period in this single modulator zone.The length of data presentation period by dwindling this single modulator zone (data that do not change this single modulator zone write the length of period) and change the adjustment voltage V of the definite value electric current that control pressure drop circuit 46 produced AdjustCan improve the frequency of operation of Organic Light Emitting Diode 80; And
4) be input into data in the driving circuit 40,60 can be analog or digital, so driving circuit 40,60 and as known PWM driving circuit, need comprise an analog/digital converter.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations that claims are done according to the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a driving circuit is used for driving Organic Light Emitting Diode, and this driving circuit comprises:
One first electric crystal, its first end is connected in a voltage source, and second end is connected in this Organic Light Emitting Diode;
One phase inverter, its output terminal is connected in the control end of this first electric crystal;
One data input circuit, its output terminal is connected in the input end of this phase inverter, and this data input circuit is used for importing data; And
One pressure drop circuit is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit, is used for reducing the voltage of the output terminal of this data input circuit.
2. driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this first electric crystal is a membrane transistor.
3. driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this phase inverter is complementary electric crystal phase inverter.
4. driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this data input circuit comprises:
One second electric crystal, its first end is connected in a data input pin, and second end is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit; And
One electric capacity, the one end is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit.
5. driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this pressure drop circuit comprises one the 3rd electric crystal.
6. a driving circuit is used for driving Organic Light Emitting Diode, and this driving circuit comprises:
One first electric crystal, its first end is connected in a voltage source, and second end is connected in this Organic Light Emitting Diode;
One comparer, its second input end is connected in a reference voltage, and its output terminal is connected in the control end of this first electric crystal;
One data input circuit, its output terminal is connected in the first input end of this comparer, and this data input circuit is used for importing data; And
One pressure drop circuit is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit, is used for reducing the voltage of the output terminal of this data input circuit.
7. driving circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein this first electric crystal is a membrane transistor.
8. driving circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein this data input circuit comprises:
One second electric crystal, its first end is connected in a data input pin, and second end is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit; And
One electric capacity, the one end is connected in the output terminal of this data input circuit.
9. driving circuit as claimed in claim 6, wherein this pressure drop circuit comprises one the 3rd electric crystal.
CNB031232485A 2003-04-24 2003-04-24 Circuit for driving organic light emitting diode Expired - Lifetime CN100357999C (en)

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