CN100356735C - Pseudo-random number generator and test system using it - Google Patents
Pseudo-random number generator and test system using it Download PDFInfo
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- CN100356735C CN100356735C CNB2004100708223A CN200410070822A CN100356735C CN 100356735 C CN100356735 C CN 100356735C CN B2004100708223 A CNB2004100708223 A CN B2004100708223A CN 200410070822 A CN200410070822 A CN 200410070822A CN 100356735 C CN100356735 C CN 100356735C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a pseudo-random number generator and a test system using the generator. The generator comprises an input port, an output port, a seed selector, a pseudo-random sequence generator, a locating device and an adjusting device, wherein the input port is used for inputting numeric area of random numbers, the pseudo-random sequence generator is used for generating the pseudo-random sequence with random length, the locating device is used for determining significant digits of the random sequence, and the adjusting device is used for adjusting the range of number value of the random sequence. The test system which is realized by the generator of the present invention is capable of simply and rapidly generating a plurality of messages which are required for testing and have different length, leads the system to accurately simulate the actual condition of data flow, and enhances testing effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring technology of the electronics or the communications field, be specifically related to the test macro of a kind of pseudo random number generation device and sharp its realization of week.
Background technology
At present,, various communication equipments occurred,, needed the parameter of test more and more in order to ensure the advanced complicated communication network and the normal operation of the interior various device of net along with electronics and development of Communication Technique.In performance test, desirable test environment should imitate running environment fully on each details, but owing to be subjected to the restriction of capacity and scale, such test environment is unpractiaca.Therefore, adopt test environment shown in Figure 1 usually:
The test terminal is responsible for controlling test macro and is carried out test operation; Produce excited data and be sent to system under test (SUT) by test macro; System under test (SUT) receives and result is returned to test macro; Check that by test macro the output of measurand is whether correct again and output test result.
When Test Application, the data flow that often needs test macro can produce different random length in the certain limit is simulated the complex situations in the true applied environment, measure the disposal ability of system under test (SUT), it is long to find whether the system under test (SUT) internal structure can handle the bag of different length.Usually adopt a kind of pseudo random sequence as much as possible to simulate the situation of actual user data stream, so that reflect the disposal ability of system under test (SUT) exactly to different packet length data flow.Generally produce this pseudo random sequence by programmable logic device, it realizes simple, quick, and consequent pseudo random sequence is an integer sequence that does not have the magnitude range restriction.The computational methods of PRBS (PRBS pseudo-random bit sequence) are to choose an integer x arbitrarily
0As seed, calculate PRBS multinomial x
I+1=x
i 23+ x
i 18+ 1, obtain the pseudo random sequence (x of a PRBS
1, x
2..., x
n).But when system performance testing, often need the random number sequence in the specified scope, at this moment just can not directly utilize the PRBS sequence, could use after need doing corresponding processing to the PRBS sequence, utilize division arithmetic to finish usually.
Concrete processing procedure is as follows:
At first produce PRBS random sequence number by hardware FPGA (field programmable logic device), and then the random sequence number that produces is done division arithmetic by hardware FPGA, scope at random to appointment is got remainder, and this remainder adds that the minimum value of specified scope promptly is the random number in the specified scope that needs.Realization logic in the hardware FPGA is as follows: choose a decimal number x arbitrarily
0As seed, calculate PRBS multinomial x
I+1=x
i 23+ x
i 18+ 1 obtains a pseudo-random number sequence (x
1, x
2..., x
n).Suppose that the random number that needs to produce is R
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max], scope: R at random then
Int=R
Nax-R
Min
The computing flow process is as shown in Figure 2:
(1) step: at first provide random number seed x by software
0, minimum value R
Min, scope R at random
Int, these three parameters are stored in the logic internal register after by computed in software and use for logical operation.
(2) step: calculate PRBS sequence x according to random seed by hardware logic
i,
(3) step: get x by hardware logic division module
iTo R
IntGet remainder and obtain R,
(4) step: last logic output R and R
IntI pseudo random number R after the addition and that be generation
i
Can be subjected to certain restriction to processing time and logical resource consumption when utilizing programmable logic device to produce in the specified scope random sequence.If when utilizing hardware FPGA to produce random number sequence in the specified scope in the manner described above, need utilize hardware logic to realize getting the division arithmetic of remainder.This not only can consume a large amount of logical resources, and realizes the logic complexity, and the computing required time is long; While causes concrete needed time length (clock periodicity) uncertain owing to divisor and dividend is uncertain.
Owing to there are the problems referred to above, the time that makes test macro produce the different length data flow can't accurately be controlled, and has influenced test mass and effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pseudo random number generation device, the problem of a large amount of logical resources is grown, taken to required time in the time of need producing the specified scope random number to solve by hardware in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of test macro that utilizes described pseudo random number generation device to realize, to solve the not good problem of test mass that exists in the prior art.
For this reason, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of pseudo random number generation device comprises the input port and the output port that are used to import the random number span, and
The seed selector is used to select the seed of random sequence;
The pseudo random sequence generating apparatus links to each other with described seed selector, is used for generating according to the random seed of described selection the pseudo random sequence of random length;
Positioner links to each other with described input port, is used for locating according to described random number span the number of significant digit of the pseudo random sequence of described random length;
The scope adjusting device, be used for adjusting pseudo random sequence numerical values recited in the number of significant digit scope of described positioner output according to described random number span, obtaining the pseudo random number in the described span, and described pseudo random number is sent to described output port and described seed selector respectively.
Described positioner comprises:
The number of significant digit deriving means is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to described random number span;
With logic device, pseudo random sequence and the described number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum of obtaining that is used for random length that described pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
Described scope adjusting device comprises:
Comparator compares the output result of described positioner and the size of described random number span;
Reduction means is used for greater than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit being deducted first predetermined value according to the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit;
Expansion instrument, be used for numerical value according to the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit less than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting and the output result of described reduction means, the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is added second predetermined value.
Described reduction means is specially:
Subtracter is connected respectively to described comparator and described expansion instrument, is used for the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is deducted the numerical value of a described scope at random.
Described reduction means also can be specially:
Shift unit is connected respectively to described comparator and described and logic device, is used for the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is moved to right, with the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of dwindling described number of significant digit.
The described number of significant digit of scope at random maximum is by exponential function R
Int max=2
k-1 definition, wherein,
R
IntScope at random for described setting.
A kind of test macro comprises measurand and excitation generating apparatus that is connected with described measurand respectively and interpretation of result device, and wherein, described excitation generating apparatus comprises:
The stimulation arrangement module is used to dispose the property parameters of excited message, and described property parameters comprises random seed, excited message length range;
Sample is provided with module, is used to provide the tactic pattern of excited message;
The test case generation module is used for according to the tactic pattern of described excited message the pseudo random number in the described scope being generated test case, and described test case is sent to described measurand;
The pseudo random number generation device comprises: the pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is used for the pseudo random sequence according to described random seed generation random length;
Positioner is used for locating according to described excited message length range the number of significant digit of the pseudo random sequence of described random length;
The scope adjusting device is used for adjusting pseudo random sequence size in the number of significant digit scope of described positioner output according to described excited message length range, to obtain the pseudo random number in the described scope.
Described positioner comprises:
The number of significant digit deriving means is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to described random number span;
With logic device, pseudo random sequence and the described number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum of obtaining that is used for random length that described pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
Described scope adjusting device comprises:
Comparator is used for the output result of more described positioner and the size of described random number span;
Reduction means is used for greater than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit being deducted first predetermined value according to the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit;
Expansion instrument, be used for numerical value according to the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit less than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting and the output result of described reduction means, the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is added second predetermined value.
By above technical scheme provided by the invention as can be seen, utilize apparatus of the present invention can produce the interior random number of specified scope simply, apace, avoided making that time length is uncertain owing to need carry out division arithmetic in the prior art, thereby make the clock cycle can't strictly determined shortcoming, and hardware when realizing required time long, consume the more problem of logical resource.Apparatus of the present invention are applied in the test macro, can produce the message of the required different length of substantive test fast, definitely simulating reality data flow situation more can accurately reflect the disposal ability of measurand to the data flow of different packet lengths.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a test system structure schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that produces pseudo random number in the fixed range in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a pseudo random number generation device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the first example structure schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the second example structure schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the process schematic diagram that apparatus of the present invention produce pseudo random number;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of test macro of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the random number generating apparatus detailed structure schematic diagram of test macro of the present invention in bright.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a pseudo random number generation device structural representation of the present invention, and this device comprises:
The input port 300 and the output port 306 of input random number span; Be used to select the seed selector 301 and the coupled pseudo random sequence generating apparatus 302 of random sequence seed, this pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is used for generating according to the random seed of described selection the pseudo random sequence of random length;
In addition, also comprise: positioner 304 and scope adjusting device 305, the pseudo random sequence that is respectively applied for the random length that pseudo random sequence generating apparatus 302 is generated is carried out maximum number of digits location and size adjustment, to export the pseudo random number of satisfactory fixed range.Wherein, positioner 304 links to each other with input port 300, is used for the number of significant digit according to the pseudo random sequence of random number span location random length; Scope adjusting device 305, be used for adjusting pseudo random sequence numerical values recited in the number of significant digit scope of described positioner output according to the random number span, obtaining the pseudo random number in the span, and this pseudo random number is sent to output port 306 and seed selector 301 respectively.The seed selector is chosen out a seed as pseudo random sequence wantonly from this puppet machine sequence.
First embodiment with reference to apparatus of the present invention shown in Figure 4:
Positioner comprises: number of significant digit deriving means 341 and with logic device 342.Wherein, number of significant digit deriving means 341 is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to the random number span, supposes that the random number span is R
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max], R
MinBe the random number minimum value of setting, R
MaxIt is the random number maximum of setting.Scope number of significant digit maximum can be by exponential function R at random for this
Int max=2
k-1 defines, wherein,
R
IntBe the scope of setting at random.Carry out with the pseudo random sequence and the number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum that number of significant digit deriving means 341 obtains of logic device 342 by random length that pseudo random sequence generating apparatus 302 is generated " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence in the number of significant digit scope.
The scope adjusting device comprises: comparator 351, expansion instrument 352 and subtracter 41.The output result and the random number span R that compare positioner by comparator
IntSize,
When the pseudo random number of positioner output greater than random number span R
IntThe time, at first this pseudo random number is deducted certain value (first predetermined value) by subtracter, such as deducting a R
IntBe worth, and then expansion instrument is sent in output, by expansion instrument this value is added a predetermined value (second predetermined value), then this value drops on the random number span R of setting naturally
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max] in.
When the pseudo random number of positioner output less than random number span R
IntThe time, this pseudo random number is directly added certain value (second predetermined value) by expansion instrument, such as adding a R
MinValue, this value drops on the random number span R of setting naturally
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max] in.
Second embodiment with reference to apparatus of the present invention shown in Figure 5:
The scope adjusting device comprises: comparator 351, expansion instrument 352 and shift unit 51.The output result and the random number span R that compare positioner by comparator
IntSize,
When the pseudo random number of positioner output greater than random number span R
IntThe time, at first this pseudo random number is moved to right one by shift unit with this value, and then output is sent into and logic device, with scope number of significant digit maximum R at random
IntmaxCarry out and logical operation; Then, again the result is sent into comparator 351.
When the pseudo random number of positioner output less than random number span R
IntThe time, this pseudo random number is added certain value (second predetermined value) by expansion instrument, such as adding a R
MinValue, this value drops on the random number span R of setting naturally
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max] in.
In order to make present technique field personnel understand the present invention better, describe the course of work of apparatus of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 6:
The present technique field personnel know, any random sequence all needs earlier selected seed,
At first, select the seed x of random sequence by the seed selector
0, according to the pseudo random sequence of selected seed, for example, can produce multinomial x then by hardware logic by pseudo random sequence generating apparatus generation random length
I+1=x
i 23+ x
i 18Pseudo random sequence (the x of+1 definition
1, x
2..., x
n).
Simultaneously, by input port input random number range parameter.Need to suppose the random number R of generation
i∈ [R
Min, R
Max], scope: R at random then
Int=R
Max-R
Min, wherein, R
MinBe the random number minimum value of setting, R
MaxIt is the random number maximum of setting.
Obtain scope number of significant digit maximum R at random by the number of significant digit deriving means according to the random number span
Int max=2
k-1, wherein,
For example: R
Int=100 (binary system is 01010100), number of significant digit are 7 (it is 1 highest order bit6 that bit0 begins to binary value), then maximum R
Int max=127 (binary system is 01111111).
Consider that utilizing hardware to carry out multiplication and division method computing meeting takies a large amount of hardware resources, therefore, also can finish the function of scope number of significant digit maximum generating apparatus at random, calculate at random scope number of significant digit maximum for using with logic device by software.
Then, by the pseudo random sequence of the random length that the pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated with logic device and the number of significant digit of scope at random maximum that the number of significant digit deriving means obtains carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
For the pseudo random sequence of the number of significant digit of above-mentioned generation, through comparator, the R of scope at random that imports of the pseudo random number in this sequence and input port relatively successively
IntSize.
Pseudo random number in this sequence is greater than scope R at random
IntThe time, this pseudo random number is reached scope R at random
IntDeliver to reduction means, this pseudo random number is deducted a scope R at random by reduction means
Int, the pseudo random number after then this being reduced the scope is sent into expansion instrument, by the at random stated range minimum R of expansion instrument according to the input port input
MinThis pseudo random number is added a stated range minimum R at random
MinSo, obtain the pseudo random number in the setting range.
Pseudo random number in this sequence is less than scope R at random
IntThe time, directly this pseudo random number is sent into expansion instrument, by the at random stated range minimum R of expansion instrument according to the input port input
MinThis pseudo random number is added a stated range minimum R at random
MinSo, obtain the pseudo random number in the setting range.
Apparatus of the present invention generate the process of the pseudo random number in the setting range and can represent with Fig. 6:
(1) the seed x of the selected random sequence of seed selector
0
(2) generate the pseudo random sequence x of random length by the pseudo random sequence generating apparatus
i
Simultaneously,
(3) by input port input random number range parameters R
Int, R
Min, R
Max
(4) obtain scope number of significant digit maximum R at random by the number of significant digit deriving means according to the random number span
Int max
Then,
(5) by with logic device to x
iAnd R
Int maxCarry out " with " logical operation;
(6) by comparator relatively " with " logic operation result and R
IntSize;
(7) when " with " logic operation result is less than R
IntThe time, by expansion instrument this pseudo random number is added one
The individual R of stated range minimum at random
Min, obtain the pseudo random number in the setting range;
(8) when " with " logic operation result is greater than R
IntThe time, by reduction means this pseudo random number is deducted a scope R at random
Int, enter (7) then.
Random number generator of the present invention is compared with existing random number generator, and when realizing with hardware FPGA, it is few to take logical resource, realizes that simply generation speed is fast.
In logic testing, usually measurand is adopted the test mode of logical simulation, promptly generate the required excitation of test by the excitation generating apparatus, be generally the data flow of fixed range, data message by continuous, predetermined format and random-length is formed, described excitation is sent to measurand, handle and will handle structure through measurand and be sent to the interpretation of result device and carry out interpretation of result.
For this reason, the structure of test macro of the present invention is as shown in Figure 7:
This system comprises: excitation generating apparatus 71, measurand 72 and interpretation of result device 73.Wherein,
Excitation generating apparatus 71 comprises:
Stimulation arrangement module 711 is used to dispose the property parameters of excited message, and described property parameters comprises random seed, excited message length range;
Sample is provided with module 712, is used to provide the tactic pattern of excited message;
Random number generating apparatus 713 is used to produce the random number in the excited message length range;
Test case generation module 714 is used for according to the tactic pattern of excited message the pseudo random number in the described scope being generated test case, and this test case is sent to measurand, to obtain test result.
Random number generating apparatus 713 is the device practical applications in test macro of the present invention that produce pseudo random number in the fixed range among foregoing the present invention.Its structure can be with reference to Fig. 8:
Specifically comprise:
Pseudo random sequence generating apparatus 801 is used for the pseudo random sequence according to the random seed generation random length of stimulation arrangement block configuration;
Positioner 802 is used for locating according to the excited message length range of stimulation arrangement block configuration the number of significant digit of the pseudo random sequence of described random length;
Scope adjusting device 803 is used for according to the pseudo random sequence size in the number of significant digit scope of excited message length range adjustment positioner output, to obtain the pseudo random number in the setting range.
Wherein, positioner can be realized by following structure:
The number of significant digit deriving means is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to the random number span;
With logic device, be used for the pseudo random sequence of random length that the pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated and the number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum obtained carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
Certainly, also have other multiple implementations in this positioner prior art, repeat no more here.
The scope adjusting device can be realized by comparator, reduction means and expansion instrument: compare the output result of positioner and the size of random number span by comparator; Dwindle random number by reduction means, make it to satisfy area requirement greater than the random number span; Equally, by the random number of expansion instrument expansion, make it to satisfy area requirement less than the random number span.
For the realization of dwindling and enlarge a random number, various implementation methods are arranged in the prior art, can select according to actual needs.
Utilize system of the present invention, can produce the excitation of arbitrary patterns, described excitation is sent to measurand, handle and will handle structure through measurand and be sent to the interpretation of result device and carry out interpretation of result.
For example: produce Ethernet data message as shown in table 1 below by the excitation generating apparatus:
Table 1:
Destination address (6 byte) | Source address (6 byte) | Type (2 byte) | Data (payload) (46-1500 byte) | CRC (4 byte) |
Length range by stimulation arrangement block configuration excited message; Sample is provided with the tactic pattern of the excited message shown in the module settings table 1;
Then, by the random number in the random number generating apparatus generation excited message length range;
The test case generation module generates test case according to the tactic pattern of the excited message of setting with the pseudo random number in the scope: add header, according to the quantity of the big or small padding data payload of random number etc.
Though described the present invention by embodiment, those of ordinary skills know, the present invention has many distortion and variation and do not break away from spirit of the present invention, wish that appended claim comprises these distortion and variation and do not break away from spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of pseudo random number generation device comprises the input port and the output port that are used to import the random number span, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
The seed selector is used to select the seed of random sequence;
The pseudo random sequence generating apparatus links to each other with described seed selector, is used for generating according to the random seed of described selection the pseudo random sequence of random length;
Positioner links to each other with described input port, is used for locating according to described random number span the number of significant digit of the pseudo random sequence of described random length;
The scope adjusting device, be used for adjusting pseudo random sequence numerical values recited in the number of significant digit scope of described positioner output according to described random number span, obtaining the pseudo random number in the described span, and described pseudo random number is sent to described output port and described seed selector respectively.
2, pseudo random number generation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described positioner comprises:
The number of significant digit deriving means is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to described random number span;
With logic device, pseudo random sequence and the described number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum of obtaining that is used for random length that described pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
3, pseudo random number generation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described scope adjusting device comprises:
Comparator compares the output result of described positioner and the size of described random number span;
Reduction means is used for greater than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit being deducted first predetermined value according to the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit;
Expansion instrument, be used for numerical value according to the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit less than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting and the output result of described reduction means, the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is added second predetermined value.
4, pseudo random number generation device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described dress subtracter that dwindles is connected respectively to described comparator and described expansion instrument, is used for the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is deducted the numerical value of a described scope at random.
5, pseudo random number generation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described reduction means also can be specially:
Shift unit is connected respectively to described comparator and described and logic device, is used for the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is moved to right, with the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of dwindling described number of significant digit.
6, pseudo random number generation device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the described number of significant digit of scope at random maximum is by exponential function Rint max=2
k-1 definition, wherein,
R
IntScope at random for described setting.
7, a kind of test macro comprises measurand and excitation generating apparatus that is connected with described measurand respectively and interpretation of result device, it is characterized in that described excitation generating apparatus comprises:
The stimulation arrangement module is used to dispose the property parameters of excited message, and described property parameters comprises random seed, excited message length range;
Sample is provided with module, is used to provide the tactic pattern of excited message;
The test case generation module is used for according to the tactic pattern of described excited message the pseudo random number in the described scope being generated test case, and described test case is sent to described measurand;
The pseudo random number generation device comprises: the pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is used for the pseudo random sequence according to described random seed generation random length;
Positioner is used for locating according to described excited message length range the number of significant digit of the pseudo random sequence of described random length;
The scope adjusting device is used for adjusting pseudo random sequence size in the number of significant digit scope of described positioner output according to described excited message length range, to obtain the pseudo random number in the described scope.
8, test macro according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described positioner comprises:
The number of significant digit deriving means is used for obtaining scope number of significant digit maximum at random according to described random number span;
With logic device, pseudo random sequence and the described number of significant digit of the scope at random maximum of obtaining that is used for random length that described pseudo random sequence generating apparatus is generated carry out " with " logical operation, generate the pseudo random sequence of number of significant digit.
9, test macro according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described scope adjusting device comprises:
Comparator is used for the output result of more described positioner and the size of described random number span;
Reduction means is used for greater than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit being deducted first predetermined value according to the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit;
Expansion instrument, be used for numerical value according to the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit less than the comparative result of the numerical value of the scope at random of described setting and the output result of described reduction means, the numerical value of the pseudo random sequence of described number of significant digit is added second predetermined value.
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