CN100356337C

CN100356337C - Data detection system and method of read only memory in basic input/output system

Info

Publication number: CN100356337C
Application number: CNB200410051901XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 代良燕; 朱建军
Original assignee: Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd; Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd; Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2004-10-16
Filing date: 2004-10-16
Publication date: 2007-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-16
Also published as: CN1760838A

Abstract

The present invention provides a data detecting system and a method for a read only memory of a basic input-output system. The data which is detected is read, the read data is added step by step to obtain a detecting value, and the detecting value is compared with a standard value to judge whether the data of the read only memory of the basic input-output system is damaged or not according to the compared result. The detecting system mainly comprises a driving module, a data reading module of the read only memory of the basic input-output system, a detecting module and a detecting result output module, wherein the driving module provides an interface for the system to visit and use the read only memory of the basic input-output system; the data reading module is mainly used for reading the data in the read only memory of the basic input-output system; the detecting module is used for comparing the detecting value calculated by the detecting module with the standard value of the detected read only memory of the basic input-output system to judge whether the detecting value is equal to the standard value or not to determine whether the read only memory of the basic input-output system is damaged or not; the detecting result output module is used for feeding the judged result back to a user through a display.

Description

ROM of BIOS data detection system and method

[technical field]

The invention relates to a kind of ROM of BIOS data detection system and method, particularly a kind of system and method that the data of ROM of BIOS is detected by the digit check mode.

[background technology]

Usually on mainboard, install a BIOS assembly, with as the communication interface between computer hardware and the operating system, and be stored in programmed instruction in the ROM of BIOS by execution, and the detection of carrying out the CPU inside and outside is set, activates dynamic RAM (DRAM), chipset and the peripheral device that is connected computing machine is done initializing set, drive floppy drive, hard disk at last, and loading such as operating systems such as DOS, Windows, Linux.After start guiding action was finished, BIOS then can carry out the resource coordination work of thin portion, handled the execution action that peripheral device is linked up to help operating system or application program.Though be the notebook that is widely current at present also or desk-top computer, all must under the condition of correct execution BIOS function, just boot program be can carry out smoothly, and the initial setting and the test of hardware when starting shooting finished, guaranteeing the hardware operate as normal, and enter required operating system.

So if data make a mistake in the ROM of BIOS, then system can't normally activate, generally all will be before mainboard dispatches from the factory through test, traditional method is to use on-line testing instrument (ICT), this instrument uses special needle-bar to contact with components and parts on the ROM of BIOS of having welded when measuring, and carry out discrete isolation test with interior electric current with hundreds of millivolts of voltages and 10 milliamperes, can read the data that ROM of BIOS is stored by this test, with the data of institute's test and exact value more as can be known its data whether damage is arranged.

But,, use the test contacts number of the online tester of ICT test can only constantly increasing along with the continuous increase of most of complicated wiring board density because wiring board becomes increasingly complex at present.Yet along with increasing of number of contacts, the cost of test program and needle-bar anchor clamps also is index and doubly rises.Development and testing program and anchor clamps need the time in several weeks usually, and more complicated wiring board may also be wanted a wheat harvesting period.In addition, increasing the ICT number of connections can cause the ICT test to make mistakes and the increasing of the number of times of resurveying.

China national Department of Intellectual Property is in open CN1477511A patent application case on February 25th, 2004 in addition, its name is called " having the device that upgrades and detect BIOS-", it has disclosed the device of a detection BIOS, but this device mainly comprises a main machine end, a testing circuit, a program circuit, a display circuit, a PCI/ISA bridge, an impact damper and a selection handover module, and a display is provided.Wherein, testing circuit is in order to detect the BIOS data of a plurality of target machine ends, utilize and select the selected of handover module, specify arbitrary target machine end, interpretation by testing circuit again, the BIOS data of arbitrary a plurality of target machine ends to be updated can be shown by display circuit, the foundation of error detection is provided.Though this method has also realized the detection to the BIOS data, it needs to detect it by auxiliary circuit, and is convenient, fast inadequately, testing efficiency is also not high.

The problem that the present invention is directed to above existence has proposed a kind of system and method for ROM of BIOS Data Detection, this method is mainly carried out arithmetic addition operation by turn by the data of will be stored on the ROM of BIOS, the detected value that calculates gained is compared with the standard value that sets in advance, if above-mentioned detected value equates with standard value, illustrate that then the data on this ROM of BIOS are destroyed, if above-mentioned detected value and standard value are unequal, illustrate that then the data on this ROM of BIOS are destroyed.

[summary of the invention]

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of ROM of BIOS Data Detection, it compares by the detected value of gained after the data operation on the ROM of BIOS of will be tested and the standard value of ROM of BIOS, whether equates to judge according to both whether the data of being stored on the ROM of BIOS of being tested have damage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ROM of BIOS Data Detection method, it compares by the detected value of gained after the data operation on the ROM of BIOS of will be tested and the standard value of ROM of BIOS, whether equates to judge according to both whether the data of being stored on the ROM of BIOS of being tested have damage.

The invention provides a kind of ROM of BIOS data detection system for achieving the above object.This system comprises a CPU, an internal storage such as internal memory, an external memory such as hard disk, a basic input media such as keyboard, basic output unit such as a display and a tested object ROM of BIOS, a BUS (system bus).Wherein, described hard disk is used for storing test program; Described keyboard is used for input and detects the required parameter of operation; Described CPU is used for carrying out the detection operation according to the parameter of above-mentioned input; Described internal memory is used for when carrying out the detection operation, and the test procedure that temporary transient storage is called in from hard disk calls in order to CPU; Described display is used to show the parameter of input and show test results; Described BUS is used to connect said modules.

Native system also comprises with lower module: a driver module provides a visit, uses the interface of ROM of BIOS; One ROM of BIOS data read module is used for reading the data in the ROM of BIOS, carries out by turn to the data that read that the arithmetic addition gets a check bit sum, and to change this check bit sum be a detected value; One detection module, it can compare according to the known standard value of aforementioned calculation detected value that goes out and the ROM of BIOS of being tested, and judges whether the two equates, whether damages to determine this ROM of BIOS; One testing result output module is used for above-mentioned judged result is fed back to the user by display.

The present invention also provides a kind of ROM of BIOS Data Detection method, and this method may further comprise the steps: (a) load driver program, read the data of ROM of BIOS; (b) enter system's runnable interface, system's operation desired parameters is set, this parameter comprises standard value, ROM of BIOS storage area size, non-calculating regional address; (c) judge according to the ROM of BIOS storage area size of above-mentioned setting whether it equates with system default value; (d) if above-mentioned judged result for not, is then carried out area dividing to ROM of BIOS again, and calculate the regional number of being divided, then directly carry out next step if yes; (e) read the data of being stored in the above-mentioned ROM of BIOS unit area of having divided; (f) regional number is subtracted one; (g) judge according to the above-mentioned non-calculating regional address parameter of importing whether the zone of being read is to calculate the district; (h) if above-mentioned judged result is for being, calculation check position then, for otherwise directly carry out next step; (i) calculate check digit and; (j) judge whether present regional number is zero; (k) if above-mentioned judged result is for being, then the check bit sum of above-mentioned generation is converted to the same system number of standard value and promptly get detected value, open two-value is compared, if deny, then return (e), be zero up to number of regions; (l) judge whether detected value equates with standard value; (m) equate with standard value as if above-mentioned detected value, then return a first generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected are destroyed, if above-mentioned detected value and standard value are unequal, then return a second generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected have been destroyed; (n) show above-mentioned testing result.

Adopt the present invention's method, can be by all numerical digits in the ROM of BIOS of institute's test being carried out the detected value of arithmetic addition operation gained, compare with the standard value that preestablishes, can judge according to comparative result whether the data of this ROM of BIOS are damaged, without any need for the subtest tool, because of its with the whole additions of all numerical digits, can guarantee the accuracy of testing.

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of ROM of BIOS computing machine that data detection system moves of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the I figure of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the detected value computation process figure of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the operation process chart of ROM of BIOS Data Detection method of the present invention.

[embodiment]

Be illustrated in figure 1 as the functional block diagram of ROM of BIOS computing machine that data detection system moves of the present invention, this computing machine comprises a CPU (central processing unit) 10, one internal storage such as internal memory 11, one external memory such as hard disk 12, one basic input media such as keyboard 13, one basic output units such as display 14 and tested object ROM of BIOS 15 of the present invention.Said modules all is connected with BUS (system bus) 16.Wherein, the present invention's test procedure is stored in the hard disk 12, when needing to detect, through CPU10 test procedure is called in internal memory 11, under the DOS of display 14 interface, detect the operation desired parameters in the 30 (see figure 3) places input of order input area by keyboard 13, CPU10 can detect ROM of BIOS 15 according to the operation desired parameters that detects of input, the result who is detected feeds back in the user by display 14, in the process that detects ROM of BIOS 15, the data of ROM of BIOS 15 can be stored in the hard disk 12 in addition.

Be illustrated in figure 2 as the functional block diagram of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention, this system comprises with lower module, driver module 21, ROM of BIOS data read module 22, detection module 23 and testing result output module 24.Wherein, driver module 21 provides a visit, uses the interface of ROM of BIOS 15, to make things convenient for the data of being stored in system's visit ROM of BIOS 15.ROM of BIOS data read module 22 is mainly used to read the data in the ROM of BIOS 15, carry out by turn to the data that read that the arithmetic addition gets a detected value, and the data that read are stored in the external storage.The detected value that detection module 23 goes out according to aforementioned calculation and the ROM of BIOS of being tested 15 known standard values compare, and judge whether the two equates, whether damages to determine this ROM of BIOS 15.Testing result output module 24 is mainly used to above-mentioned judged result is fed back to the user by display, and the user can understand the present situation of this ROM of BIOS 15 by this, so that it is handled accordingly.

Be illustrated in figure 3 as the I figure of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention, this detection operation is to move under DOS, and this DOS interface comprises an order input area 30 and a testing result output area 31.Described order input area 30 is used for importing detection operation desired parameters: bioschk/tchksum F45A/size 8blocks/skip 0FFFF.Wherein parameter b ioschk represents test procedure is called in from hard disk 12 order of internal memory 11; Parametric t chksum will be as detecting the standard value that the gained detected value is compared with the follow-up ROM of BIOS of testing 15, be the result that the data that ROM of BIOS is stored are carried out the arithmetic addition by turn, this standard value is stored in the supporting paper of BIOS as one of performance parameter of BIOS, can therefrom obtain this value when test, F45A is the standard value of present embodiment; Parameter S ize represents the size of ROM of BIOS 15 physical memory spaces, its size is 8blocks in the present embodiment, wherein, block is the programmer measurement unit of define storage voluntarily, its size is also determined by programmer, the purpose of definition block is generally to calculate with Mbit because of the storage size of ROM of BIOS 15, its numerical value is excessive, in order to simplify expression, it is calculated with block, in the present embodiment, set the default value of a ROM of BIOS storage size, if the physical memory space of the ROM of BIOS 15 of being tested size equates that with it then this parameter can be default, if do not wait, then must import the size of the ROM of BIOS of testing 15 herein; The zone that parameter s kip need skip when representing non-calculating district promptly to test, because after powering on, some BIOS can write some hardware configuration informations that the operation of whole operation system do not had vital role automatically, so need not it is detected, 0FFFF is the address of these information, and this address can obtain by the subsidiary Image file of BIOS, stores the Backup Data of BIOS in this document, with BIOS after powering on and the contrast of Image file, can obtain this address.Need to prove that at this some BIOS does not write above-mentioned hardware configuration information after powering on, this moment, this parameter can be default.The enter key that knocks keyboard 13 after parameter sets up begins to detect operation, promptly ROM of BIOS is detected according to institute's input parameter, promptly show testing result after having detected at testing result output area 31, wherein ExpectChkSum=F45A is the above-mentioned standard value of being imported, Real ChkSum=F45A is the detected value through this ROM of BIOS 15 of gained after detecting, we can judge thus whether both equate, if above-mentioned standard value equates with detected value, then this ROM of BIOS 15 data of being stored are damaged, if unequal, then data are damaged; Test result:pass promptly represents final judged result, in the present embodiment, the value on ": " the right is represented judged result, wherein " pass " represents that this ROM of BIOS does not promptly detect corrupt data by test, " Failure " then represents this ROM of BIOS not by test, and promptly the data on it have damage.

Be illustrated in figure 4 as the detected value computation process figure of ROM of BIOS data detection system of the present invention, in Fig. 3, in the order input area, imported the size of ROM of BIOS 15 storage areas, for the ease of reading to ROM of BIOS 15, can be that unit divides to it with the fixed size zone according to the size of known ROM of BIOS 15 storage areas, and according to the regional number control program cycle index of calculating gained (seeing Fig. 5 for details describes).Be that unit divides in the present embodiment with the byte, each byte is 8bit.Suppose that this ROM of BIOS is divided into N byte, at first 8 binary numbers in first byte 41 are carried out the binary arithmetic additive operation by turn, the binary arithmetic additive operation is satisfied and to be met two to advance one principle be 1+1=10,1+0=1, suppose byte 41 represented data be 01101101 to its carry out scale-of-two by turn additive operation be that can the win value of check bit 42 of byte of 0+1+1+0+1+1+0+1 is 101, same second byte 43 is through after the same computing, generate check bit 44, the check bit 42 of first byte and the check bit of second byte 44 add the check bit sum 45 that computing can get two bytes through arithmetic, the computing of doing sums gets check bit 47 to the 3rd byte 46 again, check bit 47 added up to get a new check bit sum in check bit sum 45, so add up, i.e. N byte calculating of byte to the last finishes, can get all digital check bit sums 48, is 16 systems with this check bit sum by Binary Conversion, get final product the detected value 49 of ROM of BIOS 15.

Be illustrated in figure 5 as the operation process chart of ROM of BIOS Data Detection method of the present invention.At first, need to load a driver (step S500), because of the direct access hardware of software systems, so need a driver between to set up a bridge, so-called driver promptly can be the interface that software systems provide a visit, use hardware device, to realize the communication between software systems and the hardware device; In the present embodiment, detect operation and under DOS, move, in the order input area 30 at its interface, be provided with and detect the operation desired parameters, as the address (step 502) in standard value, ROM of BIOS 15 storage areas size and non-calculating district; Judge its whether identical with system default value (step S503) according to ROM of BIOS 15 storage areas of above-mentioned setting size; If different, then need again ROM of BIOS 15 to be divided and carry out the byte number and calculate (step S504), if identical, directly carry out next step; With the byte number is the data (step S505) that unit reads ROM of BIOS 15; When reading ROM of BIOS 15 data, it is stored in (step S506) in the external memory storage; Whenever run through after the byte, byte number subtracts one, so that the Control Circulation number of times makes its data to ROM of BIOS 15 read (step S507) in turn by the byte number of being divided; Judge according to set non-calculating regional address whether institute's reading field is to calculate district (step S508); If then above-mentioned institute is read the data addition by turn in the byte, calculation check position, then direct if not execution in step S510 (step S516); The calculation check position and, establish check digit and initial value be 0, the calculation check position and process be about to just now that the verification place value of the byte that reads adds up in check bit sum (step S509) before; Whether judge by 0 whether now read byte is last byte (step S510) according to present byte number; If not, then return step S505, repeat above-mentioned action, up to the byte number is zero, if, then illustrate in the ROM of BIOS data complete inspection finish, the check bit sum when byte number is zero is converted to and the same system number of examination criteria value, promptly generate detected value, and examination criteria value set in itself and the step 502 is compared (step S511); Judge according to comparative result whether the two equates,, then return one and represent the value (step S512) of this ROM of BIOS 15 by test if equate; If different, then return one and represent this ROM of BIOS 15 not by the value of test, for example pass through test with the rreturn value null representation in the present embodiment, represent not by test (step S513) with a nonzero value; Test result is fed back to user (step S514) by display.

Claims

1. ROM of BIOS data detection system is by ROM of BIOS being detected the system whether its data of storing have damage by numerical digit phase add mode, it is characterized in that, this system includes:

One hard disk is used for storing test program;

One keyboard is used to import the required parameter of detection operation;

One CPU carries out the detection operation according to the parameter of above-mentioned input;

One internal memory is carried out when detecting operation, is used for the test procedure that temporary transient storage is called in from hard disk, calls in order to CPU;

One display is used to show the parameter of input and show test results;

One BUS is used to connect said modules;

Native system also comprises with lower module:

One driver module provides a visit, uses the interface of ROM of BIOS;

One ROM of BIOS data read module is used for reading the data in the ROM of BIOS, carries out by turn to the data that read that the arithmetic addition gets a check bit sum, and to change this check bit sum be a detected value;

One detection module, it can compare according to the known standard value of aforementioned calculation detected value that goes out and the ROM of BIOS of being tested, judge whether above-mentioned detected value equates with standard value, whether destroyed with the data of determining this ROM of BIOS;

The testing result output module is used for above-mentioned judged result is fed back to the user by display.

2. ROM of BIOS data detection system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein, also preserves the ROM of BIOS data that back up when reading ROM of BIOS in the hard disk.

3. ROM of BIOS data detection system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein, described standard value is the unspoiled ROM of BIOS data results of addition by turn.

4. ROM of BIOS data detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, if above-mentioned detected value equates with standard value, then return a first generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected are destroyed.

5. ROM of BIOS data detection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, if above-mentioned detected value and standard value are unequal, then return a second generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected are destroyed.

6. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method, be by ROM of BIOS is detected the method whether its data of storing have damage by numerical digit phase add mode, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:

Receive the detection operation desired parameters that is provided with, this parameter comprises standard value, ROM of BIOS storage area size, non-calculating regional address;

Read the data of being stored in the ROM of BIOS unit area;

Judge according to the non-calculating regional address parameter of above-mentioned input whether the zone of being read is to calculate the district;

If above-mentioned judged result is for being then to generate check bit;

The calculation check position and;

The check bit sum of above-mentioned generation is converted to the same system number of above-mentioned standard value promptly generates detected value, detected value and standard value are compared, and judge whether the two equates;

If above-mentioned detected value equates with standard value, then return a first generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected are destroyed, if above-mentioned detected value and standard value are unequal, then return a second generation tabular value, the data of the ROM of BIOS that expression is detected have been destroyed;

Show above-mentioned testing result.

7. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, is included in and carries out the preceding step that loads a driver of this detection operation.

8. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, described standard value is the unspoiled ROM of BIOS data results of addition by turn.

9. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, described address, non-zoning is the data address that writes after ROM of BIOS powers on.

10. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, wherein, be included in to read before the ROM of BIOS data and judge the step whether itself and system default value equate according to set ROM of BIOS storage area size.

11. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, wherein, comprise when the ROM of BIOS storage area size of being tested does not wait with system default value, again ROM of BIOS is carried out area dividing, and calculate the step of institute's zoning number.

12. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, wherein, when the size of the ROM of BIOS of being tested equates with system default value, can directly read the data in the unit area.

13. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, comprises the data that whenever read a unit area, number of regions is subtracted one step.

14. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, is included in calculation check position and afterwards, judges that whether present regional number is zero step.

15. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, wherein, comprise if above-mentioned judged result is not, then returning and read the data that ROM of BIOS is stored, is zero step up to number of regions.

16. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that wherein, the process of calculation check position is for to carry out arithmetic addition operation by turn with the data of unit area.

17. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, the non-calculating regional address of parameter can be default when the ROM of BIOS of being tested does not have the information that oneself writes.

18. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, when being included in the data that read ROM of BIOS it is saved to the step of hard disk.

19. ROM of BIOS Data Detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, the process of calculating detected value is about to the check bit that each unit area generates and carries out arithmetic addition operation.