CN100356048C - Variable stroke engine and working method thereof - Google Patents
Variable stroke engine and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100356048C CN100356048C CNB2005100120733A CN200510012073A CN100356048C CN 100356048 C CN100356048 C CN 100356048C CN B2005100120733 A CNB2005100120733 A CN B2005100120733A CN 200510012073 A CN200510012073 A CN 200510012073A CN 100356048 C CN100356048 C CN 100356048C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a variable stroke engine and the working method thereof, which belong to the technical field of manufacturing vehicle engines by machinery. An engine comprises six air cylinders, an EGR, a waste gas turbine pressurizing system, a four-stroke air discharging distributing valve, an air inlet pipeline, an air outlet pipeline, a crankshaft piston, an electronic controlling unit, etc. The work participation of two two-stroke cylinders is decided by required power differences through using the cylinder breaking technology. Thus, the engine can be exchanged among different working states. The six cylinders work by the match of each designed air inlet and air outlet distributing valve to realize the purposes of pressure increase, discharge improvement and power output increase. The engine is suitable for different working conditions by exchanging different working states to guarantee the high efficiency in the working state, and also has the advantages of energy saving and environment protection in a non-working state. The present invention has a wide applying foreground for tank armored vehicles, special vehicles for risk eliminating and disaster relieving work, engineering vehicles required to provide high power output in some conditions, transporting vehicles often running on mountain roads and other high gradient roads, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined engine and control thereof, belong to the vehicle motor technical field of machine-building direction in the Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics.
Background technique
Common internal-combustion engine can be divided into two kinds in two stroke IC engine and quartastroke engine according to the endless form difference.Each once finishes a circulation to the two stroke IC engine piston up and down, last behavior air inlet compression stroke, following behavior acting exhaust stroke.Each finishes a circulation twice to the quartastroke engine piston up and down, and at first descent of piston is an aspirating stroke, and then piston stroking upward is a compression stroke, the descending again expansion stroke of finishing of piston then, and last piston stroking upward is an exhaust stroke.The circulation form of these two kinds of internal-combustion engines all has different merits and demerits.Such as, the two stroke IC engine technological scheme is simple, realizes easily, more powerful for four-stroke, but efficient is on the low side, and emission performance is not good enough yet, and the efficient of four stroke engine and discharging are all had large improvement, and shortcoming is that output power is less than the two-stroke machine.Two-stroke machine and four-stroke machine are complementary in this sense.So, considering various design parameters, for example specific power, fuel consumption, toxic emission, noise, vibration, after the problems such as engine size, weight and cost, which kind of engine cycle form will be motor vehicle manufacturers will further determine to adopt, usually, commonly adopt two stroke IC engine for motorvehicle, and usually adopt quartastroke engine for car, passenger-cargo carriage.
Existing technology about variable stroke engine mainly is divided into two classes, the first kind is intended to change the length of stroke of four-stroke machine, it has designed the variable push and pull system of a cover, make that the stroke of piston in expansion stroke (being expansion stroke) is greater than the stroke in compression stroke, in the hope of realizing the adaptation to different operating modes in some cases.This has only changed length of stroke by the Machine Design at some positions, and does not realize the combination of two kinds of circulation modes, as patent " variable stroke engine ", 200310115227.2,03109897.5, hillside plot justice and; Assistant rattan justice one; Second class is to select the design of the camshaft drive system of 2 stroke/4 stroke internal-combustion engine, and it realizes that the difference of each cylinder intake valve exhaust valve opens and closes scheme, to finish the switching of same cylinder operation mode by the design for camshaft.This class scheme lays particular emphasis on the new design of camshaft and the switching of inlet and exhaust valve, and is different fully with method with the thinking of the present invention's two/four-stroke combination.Should be noted that, this second kind of scheme realized different circulation modes on same cylinder, therefore the time that has the independent work of two-stroke, during this period of time, the drawback of two-stroke machine work will expose again and can't solve, so the defective problem of discharging will seriously hinder trying out of this type of scheme.This class such as patent " selectable 2 stroke/4 stroke camshaft drive system ", 01802693.1, the JA horse.
Under the contrast, the present invention has above two kinds of unexistent advantages of scheme: it is under middle-low load and speed conditions, adopt general four-stroke working method, and under big load and high-speed working condition, switch to existing four-stroke two stroke blend modes of operation is arranged also, to realize bigger power output.This blend modes of operation has been handled the not good problem of discharging when two stroke IC engine works independently cleverly, for obstacle has been cleared away in practicality of the present invention.
The technology modules that this programme relates to is summarized as follows:
The cylinder batch system has another name called " cylinder-variable system " or " disconnected cylinder control ":
It can stop the fuel delivery and the IGNITION CONTROL of partial cylinders according to the different requirements of load, cuts the waste, and improves engine efficiency.General Corporation will use the cylinder batch system on the moneys in 2005 of general EnvoyXL, general EnvoyXUV and Chevrolet pioneer EXT, the also supporting use cylinder of the V6 hybrid power apparatus of oil and electricity batch system VCM of the Accord oil and electricity hybrid vehicle of listing autumn in 2004.The Inspire car combustion efficiency that is equipped with the discharge capacity 3.0L of VCM can be increased to and other level that compares favourably with the money car of discharge capacity 2.4L level.Studies show that the cylinder batch technique can effectively improve combustion efficiency.
EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation), exhaust gas recycling system:
Gas handling system is introduced in a part of exhaust to egr system and mixed gas enters cylinder combustion together again.It can reduce the oxynitrides in discharging, the especially exhaust effectively.Because oxynitrides is the product of nitrogen and oxygen generation chemical action under high temperature and the excess oxygen, and EGR makes a part of exhaust gas recirculation, so reduced the exhaust total amount, make that simultaneously the oxygen concentration of unit of fuel correspondence reduces in the mixed gas enter cylinder, thereby velocity of combustion and combustion temperature have been reduced, having controlled the generation of oxynitrides effectively, is the major measure of current control oxynitrides discharging.
Exhaust-gas turbocharging system:
Exhaust-gas turbocharging system utilizes the energy of flow of exhaust to drive turbine, the turbine rotation drives the rotation of an axle on it, this the other end connects the pump machine, the pump machine is driven by axle, the purpose of pump machine work is super charge, provide more air inflow to gas handling system,, improve power output to improve volumetric efficiency.
Electronic engine control:
Electronic control system generally is made up of sensor, electronic control unit (EDC or ECU) and final controlling element.Sensor is responsible for the specification signal of specified position is passed to electronic control unit, the data of gained are sent into internal processes to electronic control unit and database (MAP figure) is handled, give final controlling element with the result of gained, final controlling element is resolved the gained signal, carries out order accordingly.The work of electronic control unit can be used EQUATION x=f (n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i...), i=1,2,3...... represents that wherein x represents the output value of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (command content) herein, it can be various physical quantitys such as aperture, lift, displacement; F represents control law, just exports x and input n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i... function relation; n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i... represent each input quantity, i.e. the signal sent here of sensor.As long as be no more than the data processing scope of electric controller chip, in theory numerous input quantity can be arranged.
Summary of the invention
Two-stroke high speed internal-combustion engine has compact structure, advantage that power per liter is big, and quartastroke engine then has the outstanding advantage of low oil consumption, low emission.How with the advantages of two stroke IC engine and quartastroke engine together, realizing a kind of internal-combustion engine of stroke changeable, is the problem that this project need solve.This motor adopts the four-stroke working method under middle-low load and speed conditions, and switch to existing four-stroke under big load and high-speed working condition two stroke blend modes of operation is arranged also.The motor of this stroke number-variable mainly is applicable to military vehicles such as Tank and Armoured Vehicle, is undertaking the special vehicle of rescue and relief work, the engineering-use vehicle of high-power output and the haulage vehicle that travels under large slope road conditions such as the mountain highway of being everlasting need be provided in some cases.In our narration below, they are referred to as special vehicle.
The starting point of the present invention is based on two, four-stroke machine advantages, shortcoming being abandoned has designed a kind of variable stroke engine that can switch between two kinds of circulation modes, its structure comprises:
Six cylinders, wherein four is equal four-stroke cylinder of running under any operating mode, in addition two for only just participating in the two-stroke cylinder that turns round in the operating mode of needs;
EGR is intended to the two-stroke exhaust is divided into two-part, and a part enters the four-stroke intake duct and participates in exhaust gas recirculatioon, and another part drives exhaust-gas turbocharging system with the air inlet after providing supercharging to the two-stroke cylinder;
Exhaust-gas turbocharging system is intended to the air inlet after two-stroke cylinder supply supercharging;
Four-stroke exhaust distributing valve is intended to the four-stroke exhaust is divided into two-part, and a part drives exhaust-gas turbocharging system to provide air inlet to the two-stroke cylinder, and another part is directly arranged to atmosphere through catalysis;
The intake and exhaust pipeline, inlet and exhaust valve, bent axle piston, electric control device;
The two-stroke exhaust duct links to each other with two-stroke exhaust mixing chamber, and mixing chamber links to each other with four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber respectively at the power input turbine that exhaust-gas turbocharging system drives pump shaft by the EGR distributing valve;
The suction port of four cylinders of four stroke engine air inlet mixing chamber and four stroke engine links to each other; In addition, the four stroke engine mixing chamber also is connected with and is used to the into new gas admission line of four-stroke of new gas; The exhaust duct of four cylinders of four stroke engine by 4 stroke exhaust distributing valves and thereafter pipeline and the exhaust-gas turbocharging system power input turbine that drives pump shaft link to each other;
The power intake of exhaust-gas turbocharging system is its power input turbine, this turbine connects the driving pump shaft, an other end that changes pump shaft is connected with two stroke air intake pump machine, and power input turbine is given power transmission and driven pump shaft, and the rotation of pump shaft drives the work of two stroke air intake pump machine;
Same bent axle links to each other with piston in 6 cylinders by six connecting rods that connect thereon.
A kind of variable stroke engine method of work, the difference of power uses disconnected cylinder technology to decide two stroke two cylinders whether to participate in work as required, and motor can be switched between both different working staties.Not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output, partly carry out disconnected cylinder for two two-stroke cylinders, promptly stop the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder.At this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the mode of operation of their working state and general four cylinder four-stroke motor is as broad as long, and at this moment, electric control device has cut off contact between two-stroke and the four-stroke part by closing of valve.
Do not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output,,, promptly stopping the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder so two two-stroke cylinders are carried out disconnected cylinder owing to use the four cylinder four-stroke cylinder just can satisfy the requirement of power output.At this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the air inlet of these four cylinders is provided by four-stroke new charge pipeline fully, and EGR distributing valve corresponding actions is closed that pipeline that four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber is led in the two-stroke exhaust; The exhaust of four four-stroke cylinders is all arranged to atmosphere (through catalysis), four-stroke exhaust distributing valve corresponding actions, close the four-stroke exhaust and lead to that pipeline of exhaust gas turbocharge power intake, at this moment four-stroke and two-stroke are partly kept apart, and the running of four four-stroke cylinders and general four cylinder four-stroke motor are as broad as long.
When vehicle runs into more harsh road conditions etc. bigger power output need be provided, two two-stroke cylinders and four four-stroke cylinders need co-operation, the driver promptly stops the disconnected cylinder for the two-stroke part, electronic control unit obtains the signal that disconnected cylinder finishes, the sign on valve event immediately changes the numerical value of electric controller.At this moment the two-stroke part is also participated in running, and six cylinders begin collaborative work:
At first, four-stroke exhaust distributing valve is under the suggestion of the electronic control unit EDC of four-stroke exhaust distributing valve, to distribute a part of four-stroke exhaust to flow into the turbo-power input end of exhaust gas turbocharge, turbo driving makes the suction booster machine start working, so two-stroke begins air inlet, two-stroke two cylinders have obtained the Driving force that starts.
Behind normal the startup, two-stroke also begins exhaust, two stroke exhaust at first all enters the EGR distributing valve, the ratio of accepting distributing valve divide (allocation proportion by the EDC unit according to company crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25 signal A, data that the signal B of Air flow meter 26 and disconnected cylinder sensor are sent here and operational formula x1=f (A, B, whether break cylinder) calculate), then according to this ratio, wherein a part of exhaust enters four-stroke air inlet and realizes exhaust gas recirculation, another part leads to the power input turbine of exhaust gas turbocharge live axle one end, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, and then arrange to atmosphere (through catalysis) with the relief opening of end by turbine.This part of leading to turbine provides the power that continues for the two-stroke air inlet again.
Simultaneously, four-stroke intake and exhaust are also being carried out, and the four-stroke air inlet is the old gas of being come in by two-stroke recirculation except some, and some is a fresh air.Four-stroke exhaust all enters four-stroke exhaust distributing valve, also be divided into two parts then, first portion directly enters exhaust duct and arranges to atmosphere (through catalysis), the part effect of second portion and two-stroke exhaust is identical, also be drawn towards the power input turbine of live axle one end of exhaust gas turbocharge, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, then by arranging to atmosphere (through catalysis) with the relief opening of end, the relations of distribution of this two-part tolerance are controlled by four-stroke exhaust distributing valve electronic control unit EDC, this EDC collects the signal A of crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25, the signal of n and disconnected cylinder sensor, by EQUATION x 2=f (n, A, whether go out cylinder) calculate the result, send four-stroke exhaust distributing valve with instruction, finish control to distributing.
So such working state circulates down, six cylinders provide lasting power output.
Not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output, partly carry out disconnected cylinder for two two-stroke cylinders, promptly stop the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder.At this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the mode of operation of their working state and general four cylinder four-stroke motor is as broad as long, and at this moment, electric control device has cut off contact between two-stroke and the four-stroke part by closing of valve.
Working principle:
The control law of electronic engine management system:
The control law of each electric controller is with EQUATION x=f (n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i...), i=1,2,3...... represents that wherein x represents the output value of electric controller herein, it can be various physical quantitys such as aperture, lift, displacement; F represents control law, just exports x and input n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i... function relation; n
1, n
2, n
3..., n
i... represent each input quantity,, in theory numerous input quantity can be arranged as long as be no more than the data processing scope of electric controller chip.Input value obtains by each sensor, is transported to carry out computing in the electronic control unit, and the result who obtains is exactly the output of ECU (Electrical Control Unit), and final controlling element is delivered in these outputs, and final controlling element produces corresponding action.
Adopt the cooperation of four four-stroke cylinders and two two-stroke cylinders to realize stroke changeable, this is the needs of output firm power: following form is the working cycle diagram of six cylinders
| Each cylinder | Each cylinder working circulation | |||||||
| 4S1 | Advance | Press | W | Row | Advance | Press | W | Row |
| 452 | W | Row | Advance | Press | W | Row | Advance | Press |
| 2S1 | W row | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure |
| Acting amount 1 | 2W | 0 | 2W | 0 | 2W | 0 | 2W | 0 |
| 4S3 | Row | Advance | Press | W | Row | Advance | Press | W |
| 4S4 | Press | W | Row | Advance | Press | W | Row | Advance |
| 2S2 | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure | W row | Entrance pressure | W row |
| Acting amount 2 | 0 | 2W | 0 | 2W | 0 | 2W | 0 | 2W |
| Total acting amount | 2W | 2W | 2W | 2W | 2W | 2W | 2W | 2W |
Illustrate:
4Si: four-stroke i cylinder (i=1,2,3,4)
2Si: two-stroke i cylinder (i=1,2)
Advance: air inlet, press: compression, w: acting, row: exhaust
Acting amount 1:4S1,4S2,2S1 acting amount sum
Acting amount 2:4S3,4S4,2S2 acting amount sum
Total acting amount: 4S1,4S2,2S1,4S3,4S4,2S2 cylinder i.e. all six cylinder acting amount sums.
By above chart as can be seen, have only and adopt the cooperation of four four-stroke cylinders and two two-stroke cylinders to realize stroke changeable, can guarantee when all cylinders are all worked, equal merit amount output (2w in the table) is all arranged in per 1/4 circulation.
How under blend modes of operation, to solve the not good problem of two-stroke discharging:
This problem is to solve by the egr system in the scheme.In the scheme, flow to the four-stroke air inlet and mixed gas enters the four-stroke cylinder combustion together again with two stroke bad discharge portion is counter.This a part of ratio is that the electronic control unit EDC12 by the two-stroke exhaust EGR distributing valve shown in 2 in the accompanying drawing controls, and control law sees the explanation of accompanying drawing 3 and mentioned above for details.Because two stroke working method has the not good shortcoming of exhaust originally, so contain the flammable harmful exhaust that remains unchanged in a large number in this a part of anti-gas body, so they can reduce in discharging, the especially exhaust some with serious pollution compositions such as oxynitrides effectively anti-stream.Simultaneously, because oxynitrides is the product of nitrogen and oxygen generation chemical action under high temperature and the excess oxygen, and the anti-cylinder that flows to of a part of exhaust makes that the oxygen concentration of unit of fuel correspondence reduces in the mixed gas, thereby reduced velocity of combustion and combustion temperature, controlled the generation of oxynitrides effectively.So this programme may not good problem thereby solved two stroke discharging by introducing egr system.
There is vast applicable working condition in this motor: for various special vehicles, during various tasks such as they are speedily carried out rescue work in execution, transportation, lifting, its motor needs very big output power, could guarantee that vehicle is quick, safe, effectively finish the work, because the power per liter of two stroke engine is big more a lot of than four-stroke, so under this condition, should allow two stroke two cylinder participation work, to improve the output power of motor.But all special vehicles all have general driving cycle inevitably, such as the non-load-carrying of heavy goods vehicles travel, the general scheduling of fire-fighting truck, haulage vehicle are in light grade or do not have under the road conditions of the gradient and travel or the like.Do not need under the high-power situation at these, can partly carry out the cylinder that goes out, only allow motor be under the general work state of four cylinder four-stroke, can guarantee low oil consumption and low emission like this two-stroke of this motor.
Generally speaking, the switching of this motor by two kinds of different operating states adapted to different operating modes, both guaranteed efficient under the working state, the energy-conservation and environmental protection when having taken into account off position again.It mainly is applicable to Tank and Armoured Vehicle, is undertaking the special vehicle of rescue and relief work, the engineering-use vehicle of high-power output and the haulage vehicle that travels under large slope road conditions such as the mountain highway of being everlasting need be provided in some cases.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is basic pipeline of the present invention and valve figure.
Fig. 2 is primary element of the present invention and intake and exhaust graph of a relation.
Fig. 3 is the service chart of electric controller of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is basic pipeline of the present invention and valve figure.Two-stroke admission line 1 shown in Fig. 1, it obtains the fresh air that blasts cylinder from the air intake pump machine of exhaust gas turbocharger, guide them into two two-stroke cylinders, these gases and fuel mix waste gas after burning are discharged from the two-stroke exhaust duct shown in the accompanying drawing 2 20, at first enter mixing chamber 10 unified among a Fig. 2, then pass through the distribution of the EGR distributing valve 11 among Fig. 2, the power intake 22 that a part enters exhaust gas turbocharger among Fig. 2 drives turbine, a part of in addition air inlet that enters the four-stroke cylinder, participate in its in-cylinder combustion, realize exhaust gas recirculatioon and the improvement of two-stroke emission status.Among Fig. 1, because four-stroke air inlet except some is the waste gas that two-stroke is sent here, also has certain fresh air, this a part of fresh air enters the four-stroke cylinder via the new gas admission line 3 of the four-stroke among Fig. 1.Among Fig. 1, the four-stroke exhaust at first enters four-stroke exhaust manifold 4, distribute through four-stroke exhaust distributing valve 13 among Fig. 2 then, wherein a part is directly arranged to atmosphere through catalysis, a part of in addition power intake 22 that enters exhaust gas turbocharger among Fig. 2 drives turbine, and effect is just as two stroke certain a part of exhaust.Have four intake valves 5 among Fig. 1, each four-stroke cylinder has an intake valve (be in two valve ports in each four-stroke cylinder top the left side that), and the two-stroke part enters new gas by suction port, so there is not intake valve.Each very little a period of time after before aspirating stroke and aspirating stroke of intake valve (reasonably in advance and postpone) opens, and allows gas to enter cylinder, and other times are closed.This rule is to be realized by the design of camshaft, camshaft is one or two and directly drives the execution axle that each valve opens and closes, by the motor driven rotary, in the rotary course, concave-convex design on it directly or was indirectly pushed up the valve upper end successively, control the open and-shut mode of each valve, satisfied that each valve is opened and closed requirement constantly.For VVT (Variable Valve Timing, Variable Valve Timing), this rule then may also be realized by electronic control.Exhaust valve shown in Fig. 16, no matter two-stroke or four-stroke cylinder all have an exhaust valve (also can be designed as two), it this cylinder exhaust stroke and before after respectively have very little a period of time (reasonably in advance and postpone) to open, allow exhaust flow to go out cylinder, other times are closed.This rule is to be realized by the design of camshaft, for VVT, then also may also be realized by electronic control.Should be noted that, because motor is in a very short time period, can be similar to and think uniform rotation, so the time that each stroke consumed is approximate substantially, so we obtain: when inlet and exhaust valve opens and closes is followed a regular governed cycle variation, this Changing Pattern is portrayed in the design of camshaft, becomes the intrinsic characteristics of automobile.
Fig. 2 is primary element of the present invention and intake and exhaust graph of a relation.Two-stroke exhaust duct 20 links to each other with two-stroke exhaust mixing chamber 10, and mixing chamber links to each other with four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber 23 respectively at the power input turbine 22 that exhaust-gas turbocharging system drives pump shaft by EGR distributing valve 11.The suction port of four cylinders of four stroke engine air inlet mixing chamber and four stroke engine 15,16,17,18 links to each other; In addition, the four stroke engine mixing chamber also is connected with and is used to the into new gas admission line 3 of four-stroke of new gas; The exhaust duct of four cylinders of four stroke engine by 4 stroke exhaust distributing valves 13 and thereafter pipeline and the exhaust-gas turbocharging system power input turbine 22 that drives pump shaft link to each other.
The power intake of exhaust-gas turbocharging system is its power input turbine 22, this turbine connects the driving pump shaft, an other end of this pump shaft is connected with two stroke air intake pump machine 21, and power input turbine is given power transmission and driven pump shaft, and the rotation of pump shaft drives the work of two stroke air intake pump machine.
Same bent axle links to each other with piston 24 in 6 cylinders by six connecting rods that connect thereon.
Do not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output, carrying out disconnected cylinder, promptly stopping the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder for two two-stroke cylinders 7 and 8 parts.At this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the mode of operation of their working state and general four cylinder four-stroke motor is as broad as long, and at this moment, electric control device has cut off contact between two-stroke and the four-stroke part by closing of valve.When the high-power output of needs, two-stroke is no longer carried out disconnected cylinder, two-stroke partly begins air inlet, by exhaust gas turbocharger fresh air is pumped into its admission line, enter two two-stroke cylinders 7 shown in Fig. 2 and 8, the two-stroke exhaust that the burning back produces at first enters two-stroke exhaust mixing chamber 10 after exhauxt valve opens, then by EGR distributing valve 11, the ratio of accepting distributing valve divide (allocation proportion by the electronic control unit EDC12 of the two-stroke exhaust EGR distributing valve among Fig. 2 according to company pump shaft speed probe 9 and Fig. 3 in the data computation sent here of crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25, carry out by valve control device), then according to this ratio, wherein a part enters four-stroke air inlet and realizes exhaust gas recirculation, another part leads to the power input turbine 22 of exhaust gas turbocharge live axle one end, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, and then arrange to atmosphere (through catalysis) with the relief opening of end by turbine.
Any work of four-stroke is constantly all in operation, its air inlet is made up of two-part, some is the old gas 19 of being come in by two-stroke recirculation, under the control of the old gas of this part recirculation EGR distributing valve 11 in Fig. 2, the low-keyed four-stroke cylinder that quantitatively enters participates in burning, some is the fresh air that admission line 3 is come among Fig. 2, and the amount of this part is controlled by closure, and its flow is added up into Air flow meter 26 measuring transducers such as grade; This two-part four-stroke air inlet mixes in the four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber 23 shown in Fig. 2, when running into the four-stroke intake valve and opening, just enter the four-stroke cylinder and participate in burning, four-stroke exhaust after the burning all enters four-stroke exhaust distributing valve 13 shown in Figure 2, also be divided into two parts then, first portion directly enters exhaust duct and arranges to atmosphere (through catalysis), the part effect of second portion and two-stroke exhaust is identical, also be drawn towards the power front pump machine 22 of live axle one end of exhaust gas turbocharge, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, then by with the relief opening row of end to atmosphere (through catalysis), the relations of distribution of this two-part tolerance are that the electronic control unit EDC14 by four-stroke exhaust distributing valve shown in Figure 2 controls.
Fig. 3 is the service chart of electric controller of the present invention.
In the structure of this motor, the electric controller that relates to can illustrate their effect and controlling party formula with following table.The electric controller that relates in this engine structure can be referring to shown in the electronic control unit EDC12 and 14 among Fig. 3.
Electric controller effect that relates in this engine structure and controlling party formula table
| Sequence number | The controller title | Input | Output | The controlling party formula | The final |
| 12 | The electronic control unit EDC12 of EGR distributing valve | The signal A of crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25, from the four-stroke new charge flux signal B of Air flow meter 26 | The tolerance of leading to the exhaust gas turbocharger drive end in the two-stroke exhaust accounts for the ratio x1 of two-stroke gross exhaust gas | X1=f (A, B whether go out cylinder) | The |
| 14 | The electronic control unit EDC14 of four-stroke exhaust distributing valve | The signal A of the rotation speed n of exhaust gas turbocharger pump shaft, crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25, the two-stroke part cylinder that whether goes out | The tolerance of leading to the exhaust gas turbocharger drive end in the four-stroke exhaust accounts for the ratio x2 of four-stroke gross exhaust gas | X2=f (whether n, A cylinder goes out) | Four-stroke exhaust distributing valve |
In the partly disconnected cylinder of two-stroke, x1=100%, promptly closed being connected of two-stroke exhaust and four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber, because this moment, two-stroke was not carried out exhaust, can prevent from like this that gases in the four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber 23 among Fig. 2 from flowing backwards to enter two-stroke exhaust mixing chamber 10 among Fig. 2; X2=0% has promptly closed being connected of four-stroke exhaust and exhaust-gas turbocharging system (because this moment, the two-stroke part was not worked, exhaust-gas turbocharging system need not to provide super charge for it), make four-stroke exhaust all row to atmosphere.
With the working procedure that once switches to high-power mode by low-power mode is example, do not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output, owing to use the four cylinder four-stroke cylinder just can satisfy the requirement of power output, so two two-stroke cylinders are carried out disconnected cylinder, promptly stop the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder.At this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the air inlet of these four cylinders is provided by four-stroke new charge pipeline fully, and EGR distributing valve corresponding actions is closed that pipeline that four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber is led in the two-stroke exhaust, makes x1=100%; All row is to atmosphere (through catalysis) in the exhaust of four four-stroke cylinders, and four-stroke exhaust distributing valve corresponding actions is closed that pipeline that the exhaust gas turbocharge power intake is led in the four-stroke exhaust, makes x2=0%.At this moment four-stroke and two-stroke are partly kept apart, and the running of four four-stroke cylinders and general four cylinder four-stroke motor are as broad as long.
When vehicle runs into more harsh road conditions etc. bigger power output need be provided, two two-stroke cylinders and four four-stroke cylinders need co-operation, the driver promptly stops the disconnected cylinder for the two-stroke part, two place's electronic control units shown in the electronic control unit EDC 14 of the electronic control unit EDC12 of EGR distributing valve and four-stroke exhaust distributing valve obtain the signal that disconnected cylinder finishes among Fig. 2, EGR distributing valve 11 shown in sign on Fig. 2 and four-stroke exhaust distributing valve 13 move, and immediately change the numerical value of x1 and x2.At this moment the two-stroke part is also participated in running, and six cylinders begin collaborative work:
At first, four-stroke exhaust distributing valve 13 is under the suggestion of the electronic control unit EDC14 of four-stroke exhaust distributing valve among Fig. 2, to distribute a part of four-stroke exhaust to flow into the turbo-power input end of exhaust gas turbocharge, turbo driving makes the suction booster machine start working, so two-stroke begins air inlet, two-stroke two cylinders have obtained the Driving force that starts.
Behind normal the startup, two-stroke also begins exhaust, two stroke exhaust at first all enters the EGR distributing valve 11 among Fig. 2, the ratio of accepting distributing valve divide (allocation proportion by EDC unit 12 according to company crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25 signal A, data and operational formula x1=f (A that signal B of Air flow meter 26 (the fresh flow of expression four-stroke air inlet) and disconnected cylinder sensor are sent here, B, whether break cylinder) calculate), then according to this ratio, wherein a part of exhaust enters four-stroke air inlet and realizes exhaust gas recirculation, another part leads to the power input turbine of exhaust gas turbocharge live axle one end, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, and then arrange to atmosphere (through catalysis) with the relief opening of end by turbine.This part of leading to turbine provides the power that continues for the two-stroke air inlet again.
Simultaneously, four-stroke intake and exhaust are also being carried out, and the four-stroke air inlet is the old gas of being come in by two-stroke recirculation except some, and some is a fresh air.Four-stroke exhaust all enters four-stroke exhaust distributing valve 13, also be divided into two parts then, first portion directly enters exhaust duct and arranges to atmosphere (through catalysis), the part effect of second portion and two-stroke exhaust is identical, also be drawn towards the power input turbine of live axle one end of exhaust gas turbocharge, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, then by arranging to atmosphere (through catalysis) with the relief opening of end, the relations of distribution of this two-part tolerance are controlled by four-stroke exhaust distributing valve electronic control unit EDC14, this EDC collects the signal A of crankshaft rotational speed sensor 25, the signal of n and disconnected cylinder sensor, by EQUATION x 2=f (n, A, whether go out cylinder) calculate the result, send four-stroke exhaust distributing valve with instruction, finish control to distributing.
So such working state circulates down, six cylinders provide lasting power output.
When not needing high-power output, only need disconnected cylinder just can recover the state that has only four-stroke partly to work, obviously reduce power output numerical value.
The switching of this motor by two kinds of different operating states adapted to different operating modes, both guaranteed efficient under the working state, the energy-conservation and environmental protection when having taken into account off position again.Be specially adapted to Tank and Armoured Vehicle, undertaking rescue and relief work special vehicle, the engineering-use vehicle of high-power output and the haulage vehicle that travels under large slope road conditions such as the mountain highway of being everlasting need be provided in some cases.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of variable stroke engine has six cylinders, and wherein four is equal four-stroke cylinder of running under any operating mode, and in addition two for only just participating in the two-stroke cylinder that turns round in the operating mode of needs, it is characterized in that this variable stroke engine comprises:
EGR is intended to the two-stroke exhaust is divided into two-part, and a part enters the four-stroke intake duct and participates in exhaust gas recirculatioon, and another part drives exhaust-gas turbocharging system with the air inlet after providing supercharging to the two-stroke cylinder;
Exhaust-gas turbocharging system is intended to the air inlet after two-stroke cylinder supply supercharging;
Four-stroke exhaust distributing valve is intended to the four-stroke exhaust is divided into two-part, and a part drives exhaust-gas turbocharging system to provide air inlet to the two-stroke cylinder, and another part is directly arranged to atmosphere through catalysis;
The intake and exhaust pipeline, inlet and exhaust valve, bent axle piston, electric control device;
The two-stroke exhaust duct links to each other with two-stroke exhaust mixing chamber, and mixing chamber links to each other with four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber with the power input turbine of exhaust-gas turbocharging system driving pump shaft respectively by the EGR distributing valve;
The suction port of four cylinders of four stroke engine air inlet mixing chamber and four stroke engine links to each other; In addition, the four stroke engine mixing chamber also is connected with and is used to the into new gas admission line of four-stroke of new gas; The exhaust duct of four cylinders of four stroke engine by 4 stroke exhaust distributing valves and thereafter pipeline and the exhaust-gas turbocharging system power input turbine that drives pump shaft link to each other;
The power intake of exhaust-gas turbocharging system is its power input turbine, this turbine connects the driving pump shaft, an other end of this pump shaft is connected with two stroke air intake pump machine, and power input turbine is given power transmission and driven pump shaft, and the rotation of pump shaft drives the work of two stroke air intake pump machine;
Same bent axle links to each other with piston in 6 cylinders by six connecting rods that connect thereon.
2, a kind of method of work of variable stroke engine, it is characterized in that, this variable stroke engine has six cylinders, four is the four-stroke cylinder that all turns round under any operating mode, the difference of power as required, whether two stroke two cylinders participate in work to use disconnected cylinder technology to decide in addition, and motor is switched between different working staties;
Do not needing to add under the general operating mode of high-power output, owing to use the four cylinder four-stroke cylinder just can satisfy the requirement of power output, so two two-stroke cylinders are carried out disconnected cylinder, promptly stop the fuel delivery and the igniting of this two cylinder, at this moment, participate in four-stroke four cylinders that have only of work, the air inlet of these four cylinders is provided by four-stroke new charge pipeline fully, EGR distributing valve corresponding actions is closed that pipeline that four-stroke air inlet mixing chamber is led in the two-stroke exhaust; The exhaust of four four-stroke cylinders is all arranged to atmosphere, four-stroke exhaust distributing valve corresponding actions, close the four-stroke exhaust and lead to that pipeline of exhaust gas turbocharge power intake, at this moment four-stroke and two-stroke are partly kept apart, and the running of four four-stroke cylinders and general four cylinder four-stroke motor are as broad as long;
When vehicle need provide big power to export, the driver stops the disconnected cylinder for the two-stroke part, electronic control unit obtains the signal that disconnected cylinder finishes, the sign on valve event, immediately change the numerical value of electric controller, at this moment the two-stroke part is also participated in running, two two-stroke cylinders and four four-stroke cylinder co-operation:
At first, four-stroke exhaust distributing valve is under the suggestion of the electronic control unit EDC of four-stroke exhaust distributing valve, to distribute a part of four-stroke exhaust to flow into the turbo-power input end of exhaust gas turbocharge, turbo driving makes the suction booster machine start working, so two-stroke begins air inlet, two-stroke two cylinders have obtained the Driving force that starts;
Behind normal the startup, two-stroke also begins exhaust, two stroke exhaust at first all enters the EGR distributing valve, accepting the ratio of distributing valve divides, according to this ratio, wherein a part of exhaust enters four-stroke air inlet and realizes exhaust gas recirculation, and another part leads to the power input turbine of exhaust gas turbocharge live axle one end, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, and then arrange to atmosphere with the relief opening of end by turbine; This part of leading to turbine provides the power that continues for the two-stroke air inlet again;
Simultaneously, four-stroke intake and exhaust are also being carried out, and the four-stroke air inlet is the old gas of being come in by two-stroke recirculation except some, and some is a fresh air; Four-stroke exhaust all enters four-stroke exhaust distributing valve, also be divided into two parts by four-stroke exhaust distributing valve electronic control unit EDC then, first portion directly enters exhaust duct and arranges to atmosphere, the part effect of second portion and two-stroke exhaust is identical, also be drawn towards the power input turbine of live axle one end of exhaust gas turbocharge, drive the rotation of exhaust gas turbocharge axle, pass through then with the relief opening row who holds to atmosphere; So such working state circulates down, six cylinders provide lasting power output.
3, the method for work of a kind of variable stroke engine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, under the situation that two four-strokes are all used, two stroke exhaust is by two-stroke exhaust distributing valve electronic control unit EDC control, part waste gas is guided the power input turbine of turbo charged live axle one end into, be used to drive the waste gas charging turbine, some is used to enter four-stroke and realizes exhaust gas recirculatioon.
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| CNB2005100120733A CN100356048C (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2005-07-01 | Variable stroke engine and working method thereof |
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| CN1737350A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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