CN100354675C - Optical system and imaging device - Google Patents

Abstract

An image pickup apparatus comprises a substrate; an image pickup element to convert a converged light flux to electronic signals; an image-taking optical element positioned so as to converge a light flux from an object onto the image pickup element; a light shielding member to house the image pickup element and the image-taking optical element; a controlling device to control an output of the electronic signals and controlling the image pickup element; and a refracting power-variable optical element.

Description

Optical system and camera head

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for the small-sized image pickup device and the image pickup optical system of mobile phone, PC, PDA, surveillance camera, sensing video camera etc.Relate in particular to the small-sized image pickup device and the image pickup optical system of solid-state imagers such as using CCD type image sensor or CMOS type image sensor.

Background technology

The imaging apparatus (photoelectron inverting element) of (Charged Coupled Device charge coupled device) type image sensor of CCD in the past and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)) type image sensor etc., these are well-known with the incorporate small-sized image pickup device of photographic lens, are used for mobile phone and PDA various uses such as (Personal Digital Assistance personal digital assistants).This camera head, particularly prevailing recently is used for mobile phone, and the high picture elementization that is used for imaging apparatus wherein has marked improvement.And, wish that the requirement of loading autofocus mechanism on these camera heads is also more and more higher.

The general autofocus mechanism that uses is the gearing that loads step motor etc., the distance of corresponding subject, move all or part of imaging lens system, but the method for this mechanical driving lens in the past probably can not fully satisfy the resistance to impact that the camera head institute strong request that is loaded in mobile phone etc. is had.

To this, proposed a kind of by utilizing " electric moistening phenomenon " (also claiming electrocapillarity), although be that electricity does not adopt driving means such as motor, the optical parameter that optical function can be changed in the past.For example, Jap.P. public table 2001-519539 (WO99/18456, U.S.Patent No.6369954) has put down in writing relevant these technology with public the showing of Jap.P. among the 2002-540464 (WO00/58763).In these documents, introduced the relevant optical parameter that has utilized above-mentioned " electric moistening phenomenon ", particularly changed refracting power, kept the technology of optical axis center by the shape that changes fluid.

But, to the optical parameter that is used for stating the photographic optical system of camera head, require optically focused on imaging apparatus and do not produce the optical characteristics of all aberrations, in the above-mentioned document as above-mentioned, the optical characteristics that is required as optical parameter is not disclosed in the relevant photographic optical system.

That is to say do not have relevant this optical parameter of full disclosure to be applicable to photographic optical system, the problem during the incorporate camera head of particularly aforesaid photographic lens and solve countermeasure etc.To this, present inventor etc. find following problem through self-criticism.

(1) utilizes the refraction action variable optical key element of this " electric moistening phenomenon ", can change refraction action, but must consider all aberrations of plane of refraction that form under the voltage status not applying.

(2) this refraction action variable optical key element, individual difference is bigger during manufacturing, and necessity of calibration is arranged.

(3) as the optical parameter that is used for photographic optical system, it is sixty-four dollar question that optical axis is misfitted, and is necessary to revise by moving.

In addition, utilize the refraction action variable optical key element of " electric moistening phenomenon ", can not constitute suitable imaging lens system separately, most occasion be by with a plurality of optical element and aperture combination after, just can become the imaging lens system that can focus automatically.Here, during with other optics combinations, there is a problem that how to suppress aberration.But, in the above-mentioned document, utilized the refraction action variable optical key element of " electric moistening phenomenon " in use, when going to constitute the situation of the image pickup optical system that can focus automatically,, promptly openly also do not hinted with regard to the relevant aberration that how to suppress optical system integral body.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the invention in view of above-mentioned problem, according to the present invention, can provide a kind of camera head optical parameter, that can appropriately make a video recording that uses the moistening phenomenon of having utilized electricity.And, can provide a kind of refraction action variable optical key element as automatic focusing method with moistening phenomenon of utilizing electricity, and the image pickup optical system (hereinafter to be referred as optical system) and the camera head that can carry out the aberration correction well simultaneously.

The present invention is reached by following structure.

The 1st structure of the present invention is a camera head, comprising: substrate with, be arranged on Beam Transformation on the substrate with assembling become electric signal imaging apparatus and, the beam convergence that will send from subject in the photo-optics element of aforementioned imaging apparatus and, light screening material that aforementioned imaging apparatus and photo-optics element are covered up together and, control device that the output and the aforementioned imaging apparatus of aforementioned electric signal are controlled and, refraction action variable optical key element.

Aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element comprises: have the 1st refractive index and have electric conductivity the 1st fluid and; With the fused property of aforementioned the 1st fluid and have with aforementioned the 1st fluid in fact equal densities, have 2nd refractive index different with aforementioned the 1st refractive index and have insulativity the 2nd fluid and; In the time of the sealed filling of the 1st fluid that constitute by insulator, aforementioned and aforementioned the 2nd fluid, have can make light pass through aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid opening case member and; The 1st electrode that contacts with aforesaid fluid and; The 2nd electrode that is arranged on the aforementioned case member reaches; By to apply voltage between aforementioned the 1st electrode and aforementioned the 2nd electrode, the wettability of aforementioned the 2nd fluid of aforementioned case member changed, thus, voltage bringing device that the filling shape of aforementioned the 2nd fluid in aforementioned case member changed.

By aforementioned the 1st structure as can be known,, guarantee only focal length and aberration characteristic etc., can on the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus, become optical image more accurately by change the filling shape of aforementioned the 2nd fluid by the aforesaid voltage bringing device.

The 2nd structure of the present invention is an optical system, comprising: be used for the aperture (also claiming aperture diaphragm) and the refraction action variable optical key element of confine optical beam throughput.

Aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element comprises: have the 1st refractive index and have electric conductivity the 1st fluid and; With the fused property of aforementioned the 1st fluid, and have with aforementioned the 1st fluid in fact equal densities, have 2nd refractive index different with aforementioned the 1st refractive index and have insulativity the 2nd fluid and; In the time of the sealed filling of the 1st fluid that constitute by insulator, aforementioned and aforementioned the 2nd fluid, have can make light pass through aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid opening case member and; The 1st electrode that contacts with aforesaid fluid and; The 2nd electrode that is arranged on the aforementioned case member reaches; By voltage bringing device to applying voltage between aforementioned the 1st electrode and aforementioned the 2nd electrode, the shape at the interface between aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid being changed.Aforementioned optical system is between aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface has minimum value, the direction that aforementioned aperture is arrived to the direction at radius-of-curvature center and summit, interface in the summit, interface is consistent.

By using aforementioned refraction action varying optical elements, because realized not having the autofocus mechanism of movable parts such as transmission, so, help the simplification of structure, super life-spanization, quietization etc., when stating the situation of refraction action variable optical key element formation optical system in the use, there is a problem how to control aberration.

When there is minimum profile curvature radius at aforementioned interface, if on the direction at radius-of-curvature center, an aperture is set on the summit, interface, then aforementioned interface is similar to concentric structure concerning aperture, so, off-axis ray when the absolute value that can make the refracting power at aforementioned interface is maximum diminishes to the incident angle (angle between the normal at incident ray and interface) at aforementioned interface, can more lower the aberration of the off-axis ray of aforementioned interface generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the camera head under the 1st enforcement state;

Fig. 2 is a part of sectional view of the variation of camera head;

Fig. 3 (a) is that the stereographic map of the one-piece type camera head of protective seam reaches, Fig. 3 (b), Fig. 3 (c) are sectional view;

Fig. 4 is the part sectioned view of the variation of camera head;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the camera head under the 2nd enforcement state;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the variation of camera head;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the camera head of the 3rd enforcement state;

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the camera head of the 4th enforcement state;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the flash light emission device of the 5th enforcement state;

Figure 10 is the sectional view of the camera head of the 7th enforcement state;

Figure 11 is the summary pie graph of the camera head of this enforcement state;

Figure 12 is the summary pie graph of refraction action varying optical elements QL and drive division thereof;

Figure 13 (a) and Figure 13 (b) are the sectional view of the optical system of embodiment 1;

Figure 14 (a) and Figure 14 (b) are the aberration diagram of the optical system of embodiment 1;

Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b) are the sectional view of the optical system of comparative example;

Figure 16 (a) and Figure 16 (b) are the aberration diagram of the optical system of comparative example;

Figure 17 (a) and Figure 17 (b) are the sectional view of the optical system of embodiment 2;

Figure 18 (a) and Figure 18 (b) are the aberration diagram of the optical system of embodiment 2;

Figure 19 (a) and Figure 19 (b) are the sectional view of the optical system of embodiment 3;

Figure 20 (a) and Figure 20 (b) are the aberration diagram of the optical system of embodiment 3;

Figure 21 (a) and Figure 21 (b) are the sectional view of other optical systems relevant with this enforcement.

Embodiment

Camera head of the present invention, wherein, aforementioned refraction variable optical key element also comprises: for light transmission and packaged unit that the aspherics face is arranged on an optical surface at least, preferably seal aforementioned opening with aforementioned packaged unit.Seal aforementioned opening by packaged unit,, can improve the imaging characteristic of aforementioned imaging apparatus so better again in conjunction with the change of shape of aforementioned the 2nd fluid with aspherics face with light transmission.

And, preferably aforementioned aspheric surface is used as the optical surface of eliminating the aberration that light beam produces by aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid.

Camera head of the present invention, wherein,, it is one of preferred configuration that aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element is configured in than the more close object side of aforementioned photo-optics element.

Imaging apparatus of the present invention, wherein,, aforementioned photo-optics element has the optical element of close object side, and aforementioned optical element is that the packaged unit of the aforementioned camera head side of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element is one of preferred configuration.

Camera head of the present invention, wherein, preferred aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element also has blocks ultrared IR cut-off filter, seals aforementioned opening with aforementioned IR cut-off filter.

According to above-mentioned form, by change the filling shape of aforementioned the 2nd fluid by the aforesaid voltage bringing device, guarantee only focal length and aberration characteristic etc., more suitable optical image is imaged on the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus, and, by sealing aforementioned opening with the IR cut-off filter, suppress ultrared injecting, suitable optical image is imaged on the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus.

In addition, imaging apparatus of the present invention, wherein, aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element, it is characterized in that, also comprise: the memory storage that the relation of the magnitude of voltage that this voltage bringing device is applied and the filling shape of corresponding aforementioned the 2nd fluid of this magnitude of voltage memorizes; According to the relation of this memory storage memory, the control method that control aforesaid voltage bringing device applies as voltage.

According to above-mentioned form, by change the filling shape of aforementioned the 2nd fluid by the aforesaid voltage bringing device, guarantee only focal length and aberration characteristic etc., making more, the optical image of high image quality is imaged on the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus, more and, because relation according to aforementioned memory storage memory, aforementioned control method applies voltage on the aforesaid voltage device, so, the 2nd voltage such as the 1st voltage in, the close-range photography pattern, remote object photograph mode, use by such switching, can aim at the landscape of being hoped and photograph.

Camera head of the present invention wherein, preferably carries out focus adjustment with aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element.

Simultaneously, camera head of the present invention wherein, preferably carries out the focus adjustment with aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element.

Camera head of the present invention is characterized in that, according to the voltage that the aforesaid voltage bringing device applies, makes the optical axis of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element do the displacement adjustment to the optical axis of aforementioned photo-optics element.

Camera head of the present invention is characterized in that, according to the voltage that the aforesaid voltage bringing device applies, makes the optical axis of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element make tilt adjustments to the optical axis of aforementioned photo-optics element.

Optical system of the present invention, wherein, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at preferred aforementioned interface had minimum value, the symbol of the symbol of at least 1 radius-of-curvature of the fluid sealing part (case member) of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element and the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface was a same-sign.

When the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface has minimum value, the symbol that at least 1 face of the parts by making the sealing aforesaid fluid forms with the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is the curved surface of same-sign, the aberration of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element generation when the absolute value that can lower the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface has minimum value.If the refracting power that the parts curved surface of sealing aforesaid fluid has, the refracting power that has when having minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is a same-sign, then because the refracting power of the parts curved surface of sealing aforesaid fluid plays the effect of the refracting power of sharing aforementioned interface, so can lower the aberration that aforementioned optics entire system produces.In addition, if the refracting power that the parts curved surface of sealing aforesaid fluid has, refracting power when having minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is different symbol, then because the aberration that the parts curved surface of sealing aforesaid fluid takes place plays the effect of the aberration of offsetting the generation of aforementioned interface, so can lower the aberration that aforementioned optics entire system produces.

Optical system of the present invention, wherein, be parallel flat preferably with the parts that seal aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element fluid, will with aforementioned parallel flat near or at least 1 face of the optical element be close to form the curved surface of same-sign of symbol of the radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface when holding minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface.That is,, can make its performance and the same function of holding curved surface parts refracting power, the sealing aforesaid fluid by aforementioned parallel flat and aforementioned optics combination of elements.

Optical system of the present invention, wherein, it is the refracting power of different symbol that preferred aforementioned at least 1 mask has the refracting power that is had when holding minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface.

The refracting power that is had when holding minimum value by aforementioned at least 1 mask is had with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is the refracting power of different symbol, the aberration that aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element produced when the absolute value that can lower the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface was held minimum value.Because the aberration that the parts curved surface of sealing aforesaid fluid produces has the effect of the aberration of offsetting the aforementioned interface generation that minimum profile curvature radius is arranged, so, the aberration that aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element produces can be lowered.

The optical system of the present invention record is characterized in that, with 2 parts of sealing aforesaid fluid and the interface of air, forms and the symbol of the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface radius-of-curvature when holding minimum value is the curved surface of same-sign.

2 parts by will sealing aforesaid fluid and the interface of air, the symbol that formation has the radius-of-curvature when holding minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is the curved surface of the radius-of-curvature of same-sign, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface of energy attenuating is held minimum value, the aberration that aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element produces.Because the refracting power that is had when holding minimum value with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is the refracting power of parts curved surface of the sealing aforesaid fluid of same-sign, play the effect of the refracting power of sharing aforementioned interface, so can lower the aberration that aforementioned optics entire system produces.More and, because have the refracting power that is had when holding minimum value and be another parts curved surface of the sealing aforesaid fluid of distinct symbols refracting power with the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface, the aberration that this curved surface produces plays the effect of the aberration of offsetting the generation of aforementioned interface, so can lower the aberration of aforementioned optics entire system.

This optical system, wherein, the refractive index of the fluid of preferred aforementioned refraction variable optical key element, establish from the aperture diaphragm of optical system near be followed successively by ni, no, if during to the focusing of remote object and the radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface during the closer object focusing when being respectively Rf, Rn

If ni＞no then satisfies | Rf|＞| Rn| (1)

If ni＜no then satisfies | Rf|＜| Rn| (2).

According to the present invention, when the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface is held minimum value, can lower the aberration of the off-axis ray of aforementioned interface generation especially.When satisfying (1), incide aforementioned interface off-axis ray angle with when the long distance object focus, compare, the refracting power at aforementioned interface becomes and maximum diminishes when closer object focus, the aberration of special off-axis ray can revise nearly thing and focus the time.On the other hand, when satisfying (2) formula, and compare when near object focus, the absolute value of the refracting power at aforementioned interface is to diminish when becoming maximum long distance object focusing, the aberration of the off-axis ray in the time of revising thing far away especially and focus.

Optical system of the present invention, wherein, preferred aforementioned photographic lens has: be followed successively by from object side, aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element, main lens, in the focusing possibility object distance scope of aforementioned optical system, if the value the when absolute value of the focal length of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element becomes maximum is | f ' |, when the focal length of main lens is f, satisfy

|f′|/f＞5 (3)。

By satisfying (3), the optical performance degradation of each face that can lower aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element generation during from optical axis off-centre.And | f ' |/f '＞10 more preferably, if | f ' |/f ' is ∞, then most preferably.In addition, by aforementioned refraction variable optical key element is configured in than the more close object side of main lens, can from optical system, aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element be taken away or load onto simply.In addition, optical system of the present invention wherein, preferably is placed on aforementioned aperture between aforementioned refraction variable optical key element and the aforementioned main lens.

In the optical system of the present invention, making on the parts of fluid of the aforementioned refraction variable optical key element of sealing to have the infrared ray cut function, with regard to the unnecessary infrared cut off filter that is provided with in addition, is preferred from small-sized optical system is provided.

And, because camera of the present invention has above-mentioned optical system, so the camera of the more high performance image that can obtain photographing.

Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings relevant enforcement state of the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention has more than and is limited to this enforcement state.

(the 1st example)

With Fig. 1 an example of the present invention is explained.1 is photo-optics element and the incorporate camera head of imaging apparatus.The order when considering manufacturing here and the trouble of adjustment, refraction action variable optical key element 2 (aftermentioned) is configured in subject first, but on miniaturization and performance, preferably is placed on the aperture position.

S is an imaging apparatus, has the function that the optical beam transformation of convergence on shooting face is become electric signal.Can adopt well-known CCD or cmos sensor.This is to stick heat cured silver paste on substrate B, the bare chip of so-called installation.

L is photo-optics element (also claiming object lens), has the subject image is converged at the last function of the shooting face (also claiming sensitive surface) of imaging apparatus S (the light optically focused that subject is sent).What adopt in this example is the non-spherical lens of plastics, in addition, in order to adjust the focal position, flange part is extended along optical axis direction, makes itself and imaging apparatus S bump the structure that connects.Because such structure does not need to adjust focus during assembling.

In addition, be not limited only to so single photo-optics element L, also can constitute the optical system that is combined into by a plurality of spherical lenses, non-spherical lens, also various light filters and aperture can be set between these elements.And, also can be not allow flange part bump to connect the structure of imaging apparatus.

C is a light-blocking member, is the shell that is made of the plastic resin that has scattered light screening materials such as carbon black.Light-blocking member C is sticked on the substrate by bonding agent.In addition, the flange position of photo-optics element L becomes the D cutting profile, inlays with light-blocking member C and closes, and prevents to rotate on optical axis.And this flange part is fixed by the elastomeric element Sp that metal spring constitutes, and therefore, photo-optics element L is fixed in the position of optical axis direction.

E is the electrical part product, constitutes the control method of the output input that helps image pickup signal, control signal, the output input of electrical source of power etc.These can be arranged on the pro and con of substrate B as required.

CN is a connector, from passing through flexible substrate etc. here, connects to the CPU place of utensil sides such as PC, PDA, mobile phone, can pass on electric signal.

The 2nd, what is called has been utilized the refraction action variable optical key element of " electric moistening phenomenon ".Because this and the public content of showing to be described in detail among the 2001-519539 (WO99/18456, U.S.Patent No.6369954) of Jap.P. are same structure basically, so omit explanation.

CH is a case member, is formed by insulator.In addition, the electrod assembly of representing with P 1 is configured in the inside of case member CH.Be that a plurality of electrod assembly P1 are arranged on optical axis direction and the direction on every side by certain clearance.Can control complicated fluid shape thus.On the one hand, P2 is arranged on the sealing filling part of shell CH and the 1st fluid LQ1 electrodes in contact with being highlighted.And electrode P2 is that insulativity is installed on the case member CH by the fluid sealability parts.

LQ1 is the 1st fluid, has electric conductivity, has the 1st refractive index in addition.Here adopt saline solution.LQ2 is the 2nd fluid with insulativity, has the 2nd refractive index greater than the 1st refractive index.Here adopt oil, therefore the fused property with the 1st fluid is extremely low, ground can not take place to mix keep 2 layer states.Here, getting the 2nd fluid LQ2 is convex lens shape, and getting the 1st fluid LQ2 is the concavees lens shape.These 2 kinds of fluid LQ1, LQ2 are sealed to be filled among the case member CH, can pass through by opening HO optical image.

PL1 is the plastic board that the opening HO side (downside) of closure parts CH constitutes the 1st packaged unit, also is useful on the function of the fixed part of pressured aforementioned elastomeric element Sp.In addition, also this closure plate PL1 also can be can be used as IR cut-off filter and aperture.

PL2 is the 2nd packaged unit of opposition side (upside) of the opening HO of closure parts CH, and this also is plastic, and the one side that contacts with the 1st fluid LQ1 is the plane, but opposes that the one side of side then is the optical function face that is made of aspheric surface.

Here to camera head 1 and refraction action variable optical key element 2 integrated example disclose, still, with camera head part and refraction action variable optical key element make respectively, also passable near setting.

Come the voltage bringing device of modal representation with V, be connected on electrode P1, the electrode P2, apply voltage as required, make the generation electric field.Produce thus " electric moistening phenomenon ", the shape of the 2nd fluid LQ2 changes, and refraction action changes.

In addition, because voltage bringing device V imports than higher voltage, so need booster circuit.In this and figure, do not have illustrated flash light emission device to constitute, utilize the booster circuit that contains in the flash light emission device, can adopt the structure that applies as high voltage.

And, a plurality of electrod assembly P1 are set in this example, produce various electric fields according to necessity, can carry out multiple control to the moistening phenomenon of electricity with this.But be not limited thereto example, can certainly position, number be set according to what purpose further limited electrode.Further, here be humidification to be changed by forming electric field, for example also can adopt the jet-propelled method of foam as a kind of mode of ink jet type, making heating produce bubble and cause volume-variation, the shape of the 2nd fluid LQ2 being changed cause the method for variations in refractive index.

As previously mentioned, by the plane of refraction that each fluid LQ1, LQ2 form, during monomer aberrationless but be in the state that has various aberrations not.At this, in this example,, solve this problem by the 2nd packaged unit PL2 is made aspherical plastic lens.

Therefore, under the state that does not apply voltage, also can be used as the aberrationless optical parameter and use, in addition, by aspherical shape is further changed some time, no matter applying voltage status does not still apply voltage status, can be used as the optical surface of the aberration that plane of refraction produced of revising fluid.

Further, on this 1st packaged unit PL1 and/or the 2nd packaged unit PL2, also diffraction structure can be set.The example of diffraction structure D on having shown below the 2nd packaged unit PL2, Fig. 2 is set.

The shape of the opening HO of case member CH also can not become positive circle.As described later, be AS non-axis targets such as (astigmatisms) when revising to revising object, preferably try to please and easily produce their opening shape.In this case, can use the shape of oval and rectangle.

Especially, because imaging apparatus S is generally rectangle, so, from the light gathering efficiency this point, preferably use the opening shape that matches with it.

In addition, the memory storage M of pattern signal remembered the magnitude of voltage that applies on the voltage bringing device V and, in view of the above, the corresponding relation LUT between the refraction action of the plane of refraction that forms by fluid LQ2.By the ROM part of having remembered numerical value design in advance, that draw through experiment and, the RAM that remembered for the corrected value of eliminating the calibration that each individual difference carries out partly forms.

Equally, the control method CTR of pattern signal, according to the indication that does not have illustrated host computer side CPU (not having diagram) to send, according to desirable plane of refraction, the refraction action that should form, read-out voltage value from memory storage M, instructed voltage bringing device V.

In addition, for Tc changes, memory storage M also can remember, and to the temperature that detects, changes refraction action, the LUT that proofreaies and correct.

Below, the example of the control of having used the refraction action variable optical key element 2 of utilizing electric moistening phenomenon is described.

(1) carries out the example of focus adjustment

By photo-optics element L and 2 combinations of refraction action variable optical key element, make when not applying voltage status and applying voltage status, focal length changes.At this moment, because can not have accurate focusing effect, institute thinks the pan focus photography state, still, because can change focal length, so increased the degree of freedom of photography.

Carry out the example that focus is adjusted

By applying voltage, refraction action is changed, carry out the focus adjustment.Thus, to the subject of various distances, the photography of can focusing.And, even if particularly displacement adjustment and the performance of photo-optics element L are inadequate,, can obtain sufficient focal property owing to use refraction action variable optical key element 2.

During close-up photography

When carrying out close-range photography, normally complete group with photographic lens stretches out a little or the part of photographic lens stretched out a little.Here do not adopt this mechanism of stretching out, but replace correspondence to change refraction action a little.In addition, making refractive status is that to photograph usually and apply voltage status be close-up photography in the non-voltage status that applies, and like this, also is preferred from the power consumption this point.

When carrying out the aberration correction

Change some time by voltage is applied, make plane of refraction become aspheric surface.Singly not to revise various aberrations such as aberration, the curvature of field and coma thus.In addition, temperature sensor is set, also can revises because the spherical aberration that temperature difference produces when causing variations in refractive index.

When carrying out the displacement adjustment

For obtaining images with high image quality, the feature that photographic optical system is required that is: makes the optical axis unanimity of each optical parameter.Therefore, when the optical axis of photo-optics element L and refraction action variable optical key element 2 has deviation, by the degree that applies voltage is considered, the optical axis of fluid is moved, the result makes its optical axis with the photo-optics element become consistent.With same idea, also can make eccentric correction.

When carrying out tilt adjustments

With above-mentioned situation sample mutually, when tilting mutually, also must proofread and correct on optical axis.In addition, the situation that inclined light shaft is photographed is also arranged.Therefore,, make the inclined light shaft of fluid, become desired shaft angle degree by considering to applying voltage.

Timing is carried out in adversary's shake

When holding the photographic instrument that contains camera head and photograph, the problem of a hand shake is arranged with hand.Here, assemble a vibration transducer,, carry out above-mentioned displacement adjustment and tilt adjustments, the shake of proofreading and correct hand according to the information that obtains from it.At this moment, preferably with the shutter speed that slows down, to prevent to disturb the phenomenon of increase.

Carry out astigmatism correction timing

Concerning optical axis (Z axle), (X-axis) on a certain right angle orientation in order to revise them, by considering applying voltage, makes the curvature of X-axis and Y direction different with the vertical direction (Y direction) of axle therewith when glazed thread has aberration, revises astigmatism.As mentioned above, this moment, the preferred shape of peristome HO is made was not just round-shaped.

Use the situation of the incorporate imaging apparatus of protective sleeve

Relevant this example describes with Fig. 3.The represented imaging apparatus SPK of Fig. 3 (a) is not as above said bare chip, but the element of the encapsulationization of protective sleeve CV is arranged, and is used in VTR video camera and digital camera etc. morely.Fig. 3 (b) is a sectional view.

Be provided with the protective sleeve CV that constitutes by glass or plastics on such imaging apparatus SPK; shown in Fig. 3 (c); because the error when making assembling; inclination is a little usually arranged during this protective sleeve CV assembling and between the shooting face,, if let alone the words of this state; even if improve the precision of other optical parameter, can not remove the error that causes because protective sleeve tilts, produce so-called " folk prescription is blunt ".

To this, in this example, according to the signal of imaging apparatus SPK output, by carrying out and above-mentioned same displacement adjustment, it is bad to remove the performance that causes because of the protective sleeve rigging error.In addition, singly not the displacement adjustment, simultaneously also can correct tilt.

When forming diffraction surfaces

Relevant this example is represented with mode chart among Fig. 4.By from voltage bringing device V input HF voltage, roughly causing the face of fluctuation on the sinusoidal shape, and forming the simulated diffraction face.By voltage and the frequency that control applies, the depth D of control diffraction surfaces and interval P.In addition, according to frequency overlap, can freely control the combination of aspheric surface and diffraction surfaces.Thus, can freely revise aberrations such as aberration, spherical aberration.

Subsequent convection cell describes.The fluid of filling is as the optical parameter material, because preferably disperse for a short time, from this point, wishes that Abbe number is smaller material.In addition, relevant fluid can adopt anything in the prior art, still, also can carry out some following considerations for this reason.

(1) in fluid, scatters some micropowders, adjust refractive index.For example, even if make water or oil as fluid, the relation of refractive index and debugging functions has unmatched situation.Here,, scatter powder, adjust refractive index by on the degree that does not reduce transmitance.

(2) painted by convection cell, become the variable ND filtrator of concentration.Which side of the 1st fluid, the 2nd fluid is all right, and be also can both sides all painted.

(3) special in painted to the 1st fluid of concavees lens shape, the light quantity of periphery is reduced, it is had and the same function of apodization (ア Port イ ゼ one シ ヨ Application Off イ Le ).

(4) fluid is to adopt to have IR to end the object of filtering function.Therefore, in seal pad and other optical element, have the thing of IR, help miniaturization by filtering function with regard to unnecessary assembling again.

(5) by use liquid crystal composition in fluid, not only change shape by applying voltage, polarized light state also changes and carries out polarized light and proofread and correct.

(the 2nd example)

Relevant this example describes with Fig. 5.This is that the optical parameter 2 that a plurality of refraction actions are variable is arranged on the optical axis direction continuously.The explanation of omission and the 1st example same section.

On the principle of compositionality of Fig. 5 with 2 groups of refractors are configured to along optical axis direction transportable the same respectively, can realize that with zoom-lens system be the same optical system on function.In addition, as shown in Figure 6, also can be with refraction action variable optical key element 2 combining and configuring oppositely mutually.

In addition, can certainly be with 2 combinations of the refraction action variable optical key element more than 3, can realize abundant more optical function this moment.And the calibration function that the 1st example is stated also can be suitable for simultaneously.

In addition, in this example, in order to shorten optical axis direction, dual-purpose seal member PL.Thus, make and locate when making easily, simultaneously, also have the profit point that is difficult for taking place inclined light shaft.

In addition, produce electric field, when the moistening phenomenon of electricity occurring,, then may produce interference effect if 2 case members are approaching by applying voltage.Therefore, preferably the configuration of electrode is considered that the parts SH that maybe will cover electric field is configured between the refraction action variable optical key element 2.These parts SH also can be used as aperture.

(the 3rd example)

This example describes with Fig. 7.This is to compare with the 1st example, realizes more miniaturization of optical axis direction, and the photo-optics element is embedded in the situation of fluid inside.Omit explanation and the 1st example same section.

At this moment,, outstanding parts T1 is set below packaged unit PL1 in order to make the position of optical axis direction, make itself and imaging apparatus S above bump and connect.In addition, in order to make the interface portion between fluid and the fluid entanglement does not take place, the parts T2 that gives prominence to downwards from the flange of shooting optical element L does not contact the 2nd fluid LQ2, meets packaged unit PL1 but bump.Because such structure is arranged, can realize the camera head that optical axis direction is small-sized.

(the 4th example)

With Fig. 8 the 4th example is described.The various embodiments described above are that optical parameter is configured in example in the light path of photographic optical system, and in this example, corresponding to each pixel or several pixel of imaging apparatus, are provided with the small optical parameter that changes owing to electric moistening phenomenon.

SLQ2 among Fig. 8 be imaging apparatus S be equivalent to 1 pixel region directly over the 2nd fluid that is configured.And Fig. 8 is a mode chart, in fact because be the imaging apparatus that constitutes by the pixel from tens thousand of to millions of, so in fact the SLQ2 of assortment than represented many of this mode chart.On making,, can form fine liquid drops by the small drop that sprays the 2nd fluid SLQ2 by adopting the ink jet type technology.Here, can with the droplet configuration of the 2nd fluid SLQ2 directly over imaging apparatus S, also can add a transparent overcoat, and, outside this, put the unnecessary drenched ideal of expanding as to prevent the 2nd fluid SLQ2 to this overcoat processing.Also can also can realize by the method that transparent and slim glass substrate, plastic base etc. are close on the imaging apparatus this moment without overcoat.

The drop of such the 2nd fluid SLQ2 is filled to the 1st fluid LQ1 in the case member CH, in transparent parts PL2 sealing after being configured on the imaging apparatus S.

Adopt when so utilizing the optical parameter of electric moistening phenomenon, on the preferred case member CH a plurality of electrodes are set.A plurality of electrodes are set on optical axis direction and peripheral direction specifically, and, can make rich and variedization of combination of the electric field that is produced, can control the shape of each the 2nd fluid SQL2 drop thus by control energising situation.

That is to say, by using the 2nd fluid SQL2, because can control the corresponding lenticular shape of each pixel of imaging apparatus S, so, can control exposure, shading correction etc.

(the 5th example)

This is not a photographic optical system, but is applied to the example in the flash light emission device.Describe with Fig. 9.As mentioned above, because be the optical parameter that refraction action is changed, so, between luminous component F such as xenon pipe and White LED and the object (irradiation object), place the variable optical parameter 2 of refraction action, the angle in the time of can making irradiation etc. becomes variable.

For example, the luminous intensity distribution when photographing closer distance object and the remote object of photography by changing can suitably shine corresponding to situation.In addition, by making above-mentioned diffraction surfacesization, fluid is out of shape on the Fresnel plate, thereby can obtains diverging light.The profit point that is difficult for taking place shadow on the subject is arranged this moment.

(the 6th enforcement state)

This example describes with reference to Figure 10.Have 2 opticses for imaging apparatus S in this example, the light beam that sends from subject is carried out optically focused by them.In the 1st example shown in Fig. 1, be to make aspheric surface by PL2 with packaged unit 2, the aberration that comes correction of refractive effect variable optical key element 2 to be had, in this example, PL2 ' is for there being the flat board of light transmission.

Because according to the adjustment and the performance of refraction action variable optical key element 2 itself, then the aberration that it had does not become problem sometimes, so unnecessary in this case dull and stereotyped PL2 ' is made aspheric surface.In addition, for miniaturization, also can make object space optical element L have the function of the aberration of correction of refractive effect variable optical key element 2.At this moment, preferred object space optical element is made of a plurality of.

(the 7th example)

In the foregoing description, in order to remove the individual difference in the manufacturing, to proofread and correct, measure degree that refraction action changes, measure to non-voltage apply the refraction action of state, the technology of making benchmark is illustrated, and still, preferably can reduce the trouble of such mensuration and setting benchmark etc.

Here, be not limited only to above-mentioned example, during the refraction action variable optical key element 2 of the utilization " electric moistening phenomenon " that in making the present invention, relates to, can adopt ink-jet technology.According to ink-jet technology, because small quantity that can liquid droplets, so can control the liquid measure of the 2nd fluid accurately.In addition, supply with technology, also can adopt divider as high-precision liquid.

And,, preferably surface working is carried out at this position in order to limit the 2nd fluid in the inner drenched expansion of case member or in order to make it lubricated.Can be that organic compound such as resin carries out surface coating with silicon, also can adopt as be developed in recent years, the method that under atmospheric pressure changes surface nature of motion with plasma.

Then, with the 2nd fluid configuration behind opening part, the 1st fluid-filled before, preferably to the 1st fluid carry out exhaust, row bubble is handled.For exhaust, Pai Pao, with the 1st fluid put in the fixed container after, by applying the ultrasonic vibration, can be effectively with the air scavenge of not wanting.At this moment, by applying the different ultrasonic of frequency overlappingly, can make the better effects if of exhaust row bubble.

When filling the 1st fluid, can adopt the little fluid of first pack density, carry out after the small position adjustment, again the 1st fluid is irritated method into.At this moment because the density of the 1st fluid big (=than great), the fluid that naturally will first watering advances discharge and with the 2nd fluid substitution.

Figure 11 is, contains the sectional view of optical axis direction of the camera head of the optics decorum under the invention process state, but omitted drive part and other circuit of refraction action variable optical key element QL.Among Figure 11, the optics decorum is to comprise successively from object side: refraction action variable optical key element QL and, main lens L1 and, aperture diaphragm S and, main lens L2 and main lens L3, constitute camera head by this optical system and image sensor CMOS.And simply represented refraction action variable optical key element QL among Figure 11.

Figure 12 is the summary construction diagram of refraction action variable optical key element QL and its drive division.QL represents the refraction action variable optical key element in this example.The 40th, the following container that forms by nonconductor.Formed the 1st recess 41 in the inside circumference portion of the bottom surface of container 40 under this (being the Right Inboard face among the figure), simultaneously, more formed the 2nd recess 42 that supports the 1st closure plate 2 by on the internal side diameter (central side) than this.The 1st closure plate (fluid-encapsulated parts) the 2nd is formed by transparent propene or glass.

Down be provided with the 2nd electrode retaining collar 43 on inboard full week of the peripheral wall part of container 40 at this,, formed closely connected the insulation course 44 that covers electrode end surface 43a by systems such as bright olefine resins on the surface of the 2nd electrode retaining collar 43.

Here, the relative optical axis X of the peripheral wall part of following container 40 be among the figure right-hand member side than left end side obliquely near X-axis.Therefore, the relative optical axis X with insulation course 44 of the 1st electrode retaining collar 43 tilts.

In addition, the thickness of insulation course 44 is to increase at leisure to the right in the drawings.And, on the inner face of insulation course 44 downside in full week, scribble waterproof finishing agent and formed waterproof membrane 11.More and, on the inner face of insulation course 44 left side in full week, scribble molten water treatment agent and formed molten moisture film 12.

The 50th, the upper container by nonconductor forms is being supported the 2nd closure plate (parts of sealing fluid) 6 that is formed by transparent propene or glass by its internal side diameter.In addition, on the periphery right side of upper container 50, formed the 1st electrode retaining collar 51 of closely connected sheet.

On the surface of this 1st electrode retaining collar 51, formed closely connected insulation course 52, as described later, as contacting with the 1st fluid 21 and being used for the 1st fluid 21 is applied voltage and the 51a of the portion of appearing that is equipped with, insulation course 52 forms the outer edge side that only covers the 1st electrode retaining collar 51.

And, by the peripheral wall part and upper container 50 seal fluids that will descend container 40, thus, formed a container as basket with liquid chamber by the certain volume that descends container 40, upper container the 50, the 1st closure plate 2 and the 2nd closure plate 6 to impale.

This container concerning optical axis X, forms axisymmetric shape.And, liquid in, as following, be filled with 2 kinds of liquid.

At first, at the optical axis X of the following container 40 that the 1st closure plate 2 is housed under the state of vertical direction, for the top of the 1st closure plate 2 of liquid chamber bottom surface and down on the bottom surface (they are equivalent to the opposite face at interface) of the perimeter sides of container 40, the 2nd fluid that drips makes the height of its fluid column become the liquid measure of intermediate altitude of the waterproof membrane 11 of peripheral wall part.

The 2nd fluid is a water white transparency, and proportion is 1.06, and refractive index is 1.45 silicone oil under the use room temperature.Subsequent, filling the 1st fluid 21 in the remaining space in the liquid chamber.The 1st fluid 21 is that water and ethanol mix by certain ratio, and adds a certain amount of salt, and proportion is 1.06, and the refractive index under the room temperature is 1.35 electrolytic solution (electric conductivity is arranged or the fluid of polarity is arranged).

That is to say that select the 1st and the 2nd fluid the 21, the 22nd, proportion is identical, the refractive index difference, and do not produce the fluid of mixing (insoluble) mutually.And two fluids 21,22 form interface 24, ground does not take place to mix independently exist respectively.

The shape at this interface 24 is the point of crossing by 3 kinds of materials of the inner face of liquid chamber (container), the 1st fluid 21 and the 2nd fluid 22, i.e. the equilibrium of 3 interfacial tensions that act on the outer edge at interface 24 decides.Afterwards, install to down on the container 40 by the upper container 50 that the 2nd closure plate 6 will be housed, 2 kinds of fluids are closed.

The 31st, be connected on the current supply circuit on the 1st electrode retaining collar 25 and the 2nd electrode retaining collar 3.

2 amplifiers of current supply circuit 31 (do not have diagram) be connected respectively from the 1st electrode retaining collar 51 and the 2nd electrode retaining collar 43 and along the right side of upper container 50 on portion of terminal 51b, 43b that the optical axis vertical direction is drawn out.

In above structure, apply voltage between the 1st electrode retaining collar 51 and 43 pairs the 1st fluids 21 of the 2nd electrode retaining collar, because so-called electric wettability effect deforms interface 24.

Subsequent, describe with regard to the distortion at the interface 24 among the relevant refraction action variable optical key element QL and the optical effect that causes by this distortion.

At first, when not applying voltage on the 1st fluid 21, as shown in Figure 12, the shape at interface 24 is decided by the volume of the waterproof membrane 11 on the waterproof membrane 11 on the surface tension between two fluids 21,22, the 1st fluid 21 and the insulation course 44 or the surface tension between the molten moisture film 12, the 2nd fluid 22 and the insulation course 44 or surface tension between the molten moisture film 12 and the 2nd fluid 22.

In addition, if by applying voltage on 31 pairs the 1st fluids 21 of current supply circuit, then owing to electric wettability effect, the surface tension between the 1st fluid 21 and the molten moisture film 12 reduces, and the 1st fluid 21 strides across the boundary between molten moisture film 12 and the waterproof membrane 11, enters on the waterproof membrane 11.The result increases the height of the 2nd fluid 22 on optical axis.

Thisly by applying voltage by 51,43 pairs the 1st fluids 21 of the 1st and the 2nd electrode retaining collar the equilibrium of 2 kinds of surface tension of liquid is changed, the shape at the interface 24 that two fluids are 21,22 changes.Like this, by the voltage of control current supply circuit 31, can realize lightheartedly changing the optical element of the shape at interface 24.

In addition, because the 1st and the 2nd fluid 21,22 has different refractive indexes, paid the optical power (1/f:f is a focal length) as optical lens, promptly refraction action variable optical key element QL causes focal length variations by the change of shape at interface 24.

Hypothesis is automatic focusing in the device shown in Figure 12, then current supply circuit 31 is to obtain never illustrated distance measuring sensor to the distance between the subject, obtain the tables of data of the voltage that refraction action variable optical key element QL applies when having remembered each multiplying power in advance with subject apart from the corresponding voltage that applies, and be applied on the refraction action variable optical key element QL.By such control, can meet and wish that ground changes the optical power of refraction action variable optical key element QL.And more preferably many gradients that are changed to of light optical power are to change then even more ideal continuously.

By the optical image that becomes on shooting face by the focal length variable optical system of focal length adjustment like this is to convert electric signal to by image sensor CMOS, passes through certain processing again, is converted into picture signal.

Embodiment

Below shown the embodiment that is suitable for stating the optical system in the camera head.The mark that uses among each embodiment is as follows.In addition, (comprise the data in the table) in this manual, 10 inferior number formulary (for example 2.5 * 10 ^-3) (for example 2.5 * E-3) represent with E.

f _Total: the focal length of whole optical system

F ': the focal length of refraction action variable optical key element

F: the focal length of main lens

FB: back focus

The F:F number

T: object distance

2Y: the shooting face diagonal of solid-state imager is long

R: radius-of-curvature

D: interval above the axle

Nd: lens material is to the refractive index of d line

Vd: the Abbe number of lens material

Among each embodiment aspheric shape be summit with face as initial point, the height that optical axis direction is made X-axis and optical axis vertical direction is h, represents with following " several 1 ".

(formula 1)

$X=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="h"\; filenames="C20048001291100331.png,C20048001291100371.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}^2/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="C20048001291100331.png,C20048001291100421.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}{1+\sqrt{1-(1+k){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="h"\; filenames="C20048001291100331.png,C20048001291100371.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}^2/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R"\; filenames="C20048001291100331.png,C20048001291100371.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}^2}}+\mathrm{\&Sigma;}{A}_i{h}^i$

But,

Ai:i time asphericity coefficient

R: radius-of-curvature

K: the constant of the cone

And, in the data of following examples, when the interfacial curvature radius of refraction action variable optical key element changes, the center thickness of each fluid is certain, but, this is just in order to represent the approximate situation of invention effect, when in fact the interfacial curvature radius changes, makes the constancy of volume of each fluid and the center thickness of each fluid changes.

(embodiment 1)

Optical system among the relevant embodiment 1, its lens data is represented in table 1, table 2, and the sectional view of the optical system during photography unlimited distance object is represented with Figure 13 (a), the aberration diagram of this moment is represented with Figure 14 (a), in addition, the sectional view of the optical system of (absolute value of the radius-of-curvature of the interface B of refraction action variable optical key element QL has minimum value) is with Figure 13 (b) expression during the object of photography object distance 5cm, and the aberration of this moment is with Figure 14 (b) expression.

(table 1)

(embodiment)

F＝2.88 2Y＝5.00mm

The face numbering	R(mm)	D(mm)	Nd	d
						1	∞	0.20	1.51633	64.1
2	∞	0.40	1.33300	55.0
					3	Variable	0.40	1.51510	41.5
4	∞	0.20	1.51633	64.1
					5	∞	0.50
6	1.818	1.00	1.53180	56.0
					7	3.713	0.25
Aperture	∞	0.62
					8	-1.687	1.22	1.53180	56.0
9	-0.900	0.10
					10	6.800	0.78	1.58300	30.0
11	1.534

Asphericity coefficient
		The 6th	K＝9.15720xE-01
A4＝-3.85700xE-03
	A6＝1.19250xE-03
			A8＝1.54340xE-03
	A10＝-1.05850xE-03
		The 7th	K＝1.90040xE+01
A4＝1.42930xE-03
	A6＝6.64670xE-02
			A8＝-1.05450xE-01
	A10＝-2.10100xE-02
		The 8th	K＝-1.94220xE-01
A4＝-2.56700xE-02
	A6＝-2.35200xE-01
			A8＝3.40250xE-01
	A10＝-7.14810xE-02
		The 9th	K＝-2.82330xE+00
A4＝-2.17930xE-01
	A6＝1.31190xE-01
A8＝-8.59110xE-02
		A10＝2.63410xE-02
A12＝6.50500xE-04
		The 10th	K＝-9.76570xE+01
A4＝-6.25440xE-02
	A6＝3.00290xE-02
A8＝-4.57290xE-03
		A10＝-2.41900xE-04
A12＝5.36600xE-05
		The 11st	K＝-1.09320xE+01

	A4＝-6.92620xE-02
		A6＝1.64970xE-02
	A8＝-1.80070xE-03
		A10＝-1.61900xE-05
	A12＝1.13470xE-06

(table 2)

T(mm)	R3(mm)	f′(mm)	f(mm)	f tatol(mm)	fB(mm)
						∞	∞	∞	3.812	3.812	1.646
50	9.170	50.357	3.688

On the other hand, optical system in the comparative example, its lens data is represented with table 3,4, and the sectional view of the optical system during photography unlimited distance object is represented at Figure 15 (a), the aberration diagram of this moment is represented in Figure 16 (a), in addition, sectional view Figure 15 (b) expression of the optical system of (the interface B of refraction action variable optical key element QL has minimum radius-of-curvature) during the object of photography object distance 5cm, the aberration of this moment is represented with Figure 16 (b).

(table 3)

(comparative example)

F＝2.88 2Y＝5.00mm

The face numbering	R(mm)	D(mm)	Nd	d
						1	∞	0.20	1.51633	64.1
2	∞	0.40	1.51510	41.5
					3	Variable	0.40	1.33300	55.0
4	∞	0.20	1.51633	64.1
					5	∞	0.50
6	1.818	1.00	1.53180	56.0
					7	3.713	0.25
Aperture	∞	0.62
					8	-1.687	1.22	1.53180	56.0
9	-0.900	0.10
					10	6.800	0.78	1.58300	30.0
11	1.534

Asphericity coefficient
		The 6th	K＝9.15720xE-01
A4＝-3.85700xE-03
	A6＝1.19250xE-03
			A8＝1.54340xE-03
	A10＝-1.05850xE-03
		The 7th	K＝1.90040xE+01
A4＝1.42930xE-03
	A6＝6.64670xE-02
			A8＝-1.05450xE-01
	A10＝-2.10100xE-02
		The 8th	K＝-1.94220xE-01
A4＝-2.56700xE-02
	A6＝-2.35200xE-01
			A8＝3.40250xE-01
	A10＝-7.14810xE-02
		The 9th	K＝-2.82330xE+00
A4＝-2.17930xE-01
	A6＝1.31190xE-01
A8＝-8.59110xE-02
		A10＝2.63410xE-02
A12＝6.50500xE-04
		The 10th	K＝-9.76570xE+01
A4＝-6.25440xE-02
	A6＝3.00290xE-02
			A8＝-4.57290xE-03
	A10＝-2.41900xE-04

	A12＝5.36600xE-05
		The 11st	K＝-1.09320xE+01
A4＝-6.92620xE-02
	A6＝1.64970xE-02
A8＝-1.80070xE-03
		A10＝-1.61900xE-05
A12＝1.13470xE-06

(table 4)

T(mm)	R3(mm)	f′(mm)	f(mm)	f tatol(mm)	fB(mm)
						∞	∞	∞	3.812	3.812	1.646
50	-9.170	50.357	3.688

It is opposite with optical axis direction that the difference of embodiment 1 and comparative example only is that refraction action variable optical key element QL dresses up, and is controlled to the interface during photography infinity object and optical axis is orthogonal.

Relatively Figure 14 (a), Figure 14 (b) can know embodiment 1 lowering to some extent as plain bending and astigmatism outside axle with the astigmatism figure of Figure 16 (a), Figure 16 (b).And distortion also is suppressed and reduces.The direction from the summit, interface to the radius-of-curvature center when absolute value of the radius-of-curvature of the fluid interface B by making refraction action variable optical key element is like this held minimum value is consistent with the direction from the summit, interface to the aforementioned aperture aperture, can reduce the aberration of off-axis ray.

(embodiment 2)

Optical system among the embodiment 2, lens data are represented in table 5, table 6.And the sectional view of the optical system during photography unlimited distance object is represented with Figure 17 (a), the aberration diagram of this moment is represented with Figure 18 (a), in addition, the sectional view of the optical system of (absolute value of the radius-of-curvature of the interface B of refraction action variable optical key element QL has minimum value) is with Figure 17 (b) expression during the object of photography object distance 5cm, and the aberration of this moment is represented with Figure 18 (b).Among the embodiment 2, make on the closure plate 2,6 of refraction action variable optical key element QL to have refracting power.

(table 5)

(embodiment 2)

Asphericity coefficient

F＝2.88 2Y＝5.00mm

The face numbering	R(mm)	D(mm)	Nd	d
						1	19.865	0.50	1.51633	64.1
2	∞	0.40	1.33300	55.0
					3	Variable	0.40	1.51510	41.5
4	∞	0.40	1.51633	64.1
					5	12.776	0.30
6	1.818	1.00	1.53180	56.0
					7	3.713	0.25
Aperture	∞	0.62
					8	-1.687	1.22	1.531 80	56.0
9	-0.900	0.10
					10	6.800	0.78	1.583 00	30.0
11	1.534

Asphericity coefficient
		The 6th	K＝9.15720xE-01
A4＝-3.85700xE-03
	A6＝1.19250xE-03
			A8＝1.54340xE-03
	A10＝-1.05850xE-03
		The 7th	K＝1.90040xE+01
A4＝1.42930xE-03
	A6＝6.64670xE-02
			A8＝-1.05450xE-01
	A10＝-2.10100xE-02
		The 8th	K＝-1.94220xE-01
A4＝-2.56700xE-02
			A6＝-2.35200xE-01

	A8＝3.40250xE-01
		A10＝-7.14810xE-02
	The 9th		K＝-2.82330xE+00
A4＝-2.17930xE-01
		A6＝1.31190xE-01
A8＝-8.59110xE-02
	A10＝2.63410xE-02
A12＝6.50500xE-04
	The 10th		K＝-9.76570xE+01
A4＝-6.25440xE-02
		A6＝3.00290xE-02
A8＝-4.57290xE-03
	A10＝-2.41900xE-04
A12＝5.36600xE-05
	The 11st		K＝-1.09320xE+01
A4＝-6.92620xE-02
		A6＝1.64970xE-02
A8＝-1.80070xE-03
	A10＝-1.61900xE-05
A12＝1.13470xE-06

(table 6)

T(mm)	R3(mm)	f′(mm)	f(mm)	f tatol(mm)	FB(mm)
						∞	16.653	-450.091	3.812	3.974	1.680
50	5.813	54.747	3.829

Relatively Figure 18 (a), Figure 18 (b) (embodiment 2) can know that with the astigmatism figure of Figure 14 (a), Figure 14 (b) (comparative example) astigmatism outside axle of embodiment 2 lowers to some extent.The symbol of the radius-of-curvature the when absolute value of the radius-of-curvature of the interface B that the face of the parts (closure plate 2,6) by will sealing refraction action variable optical key element QL like this forms and changes with object distance is minimum value has the curved surface of same-sign, can reduce the aberration of off-axis ray especially.

(embodiment 3)

Optical system among the embodiment 3, lens data are represented in table 7, table 8.And the sectional view of the optical system of (absolute value of the radius-of-curvature of the interface B of refraction action variable optical key element QL has minimum value) is represented with Figure 19 (a) during photography unlimited distance object, the aberration diagram of this moment is represented with Figure 20 (a), in addition, the sectional view of the optical system the during object of photography object distance 5cm is with Figure 19 (b) expression, and the aberration of this moment is represented with Figure 20 (b).Among the embodiment 3, also make on the closure plate 2,6 of refraction action variable optical key element QL to have refracting power.

(table 7)

(embodiment)

F＝2.88 2Y＝5.00mm

The face numbering	R(mm)	D(mm)	Nd	d
						1	10.403	0.50	1.51633	64.1
2	∞	0.40	1.51510	41.5
					3	7.173	0.40	1.33300	55.0
4	∞	0.40	1.51633	64.1
					5	16.310	0.30
6	1.818	1.00	1.53180	56.0
					7	3.713	0.25
Aperture	∞	0.62
					8	-1.687	1.22	1.53180	56.0
9	-0.900	0.10
					10	6.800	0.78	1.58300	30.0
11	1.534

Asphericity coefficient
		The 1st	K＝6.97017xE-01
A4＝-1.03035xE-04
			A6＝1.63059xE-04

	A8＝-3.72850xE-05
		A10＝2.83449xE-06
	The 6th		K＝9.15720xE-01
A4＝-3.85700xE-03
		A6＝1.19250xE-03
			A8＝1.54340xE-03
	A10＝-1.05850xE-03
		The 7th	K＝1.90040xE+01
A4＝1.42930xE-03
	A6＝6.64670xE-02
			A8＝-1.05450xE-01
	A10＝-2.10100xE-02
		The 8th	K＝-1.94220xE-01
A4＝-2.56700xE-02
	A6＝-2.35200xE-01
			A8＝3.40250xE-01
	A10＝-7.14810xE-02
		The 9th	K＝-2.82330xE+00
A4＝-2.17930xE-01
	A6＝1.31190xE-01
A8＝-8.59110xE-02
		A10＝2.63410xE-02
A12＝6.50500xE-04
		The 10th	K＝-9.76570xE+01
A4＝-6.25440xE-02
	A6＝3.00290xE-02
A8＝-4.57290xE-03
		A10＝-2.41900xE-04
A12＝5.36600xE-05

The 11st	K＝-1.09320xE+01
		A4＝-6.92620xE-02
	A6＝1.64970xE-02
		A8＝-1.80070xE-03
A10＝-1.61900xE-05
		A12＝1.13470xE-06

(table 8)

T(mm)	R3(mm)	f′(mm)	f(mm)	ftatol(mm)	fB(mm)
						∞	7.173	-189.32	3.812	4.036	1.728
50	41.305	64.761	3.889

Relatively Figure 20 (a), Figure 20 (b) (embodiment 3) can know that with the astigmatism figure of Figure 14 (a), Figure 14 (b) (comparative example) astigmatism outside axle of embodiment 3 lowers to some extent.The symbol of the radius-of-curvature the when radius-of-curvature of the interface B that the face of the parts (closure plate 2,6) by will sealing refraction action variable optical key element QL like this forms and changes with object distance is minimum value has the curved surface of same-sign, can lower the aberration of off-axis ray especially.

Here, embodiment 1～3rd, and 3 lens L1～L3 that constitute main lens are examples that plastic material forms.Therefore, even if object distance is fixed, and when around temperature variation the time, may produce because the variations in refractive index of plastic material and thermal expansion etc. are former thereby the change of the image point position of the optical system integral body that causes, even if under these circumstances, also can be by adjust the refracting power of refraction action variable optical key element according to temperature, with the image that obtains focusing.

In addition, the seal member curved surface among the embodiment 2 is a spherical shape, even but aspherical shape also has effect same, and the interface of fluid and seal member is that sphere or aspheric surface can.And, comparative optimization be, prevent the surface coating that reflects if the interface side of closure plate 2,6 and air has, can improve the transmitance of optical system integral body.In addition, preferably,, then there is no need to establish in addition infrared cut off filter if at least one side of seal member forms by having the material that absorbs the infrared ray characteristic.

In addition, as another form of the present invention, enumerate the optical system shown in Figure 21 (a) and Figure 21 (b).This morphological feature is: refraction action variable optical key element QL and aperture are by the adjacency configuration.State of optical system when Figure 21 (a) expression object distance is infinity, the state of optical system when Figure 21 (b) expression object distance is short distance.Refer to identical parts with Reference numeral identical in the above-mentioned drawing, in this description will be omitted.By like this aperture being configured on the position near refraction action variable optical key element QL, the external diameter of refraction action variable optical key element QL is reduced, make easy to manufacture.

More than, the reference implementation form, the invention has been described, but the present invention should not be interpreted as only limiting to above-mentioned example, and suitable change, improvement are certainly arranged.It is desirable that camera head of the present invention is loaded into carried terminals such as small-sized digital camera, mobile phone, PDA, but also can be used for other purposes such as PC.

As mentioned above, of the combination of the optics of refraction action conversion can be made, camera head small-sized and can carry out various corrections and adjustment in various uses can be obtained with key element by camera head with by electricity.

According to the present invention, have the automatic focusing means of variable focal point lens conduct of using electrocapillarity, simultaneously, can provide optical system and the camera head of having revised aberration preferably.

Claims (12)

1. optical system comprises: the aperture and the refraction action variable optical key element of restriction light transmission capacity is characterized in that aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element comprises: have when having the 1st refractive index electric conductivity the 1st fluid and; Have 2nd refractive index different with the 1st refractive index, also have insulativity and when having non-fused property with aforementioned the 1st fluid, with aforementioned the 1st fluid be with the 2nd fluid of density and; In the time of the 1st fluid that constitute by the insulativity material, aforementioned and the sealed filling of aforementioned the 2nd fluid, for make light beam by aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid be provided with peristome case member and; The 1st electrode that contacts with aforementioned the 1st fluid and; Be arranged on the 2nd electrode on the aforementioned case member; And the voltage bringing device by between aforementioned the 1st electrode and the 2nd electrode, applying voltage, the shape at the interface of described the 1st fluid and described the 2nd fluid being changed, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface has minimum value, the direction to aforementioned aperture is consistent to summit, aforementioned interface to the direction at the radius-of-curvature center at aforementioned interface and summit, aforementioned interface.

2. as the optical system of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that, having an optical surface in the optical surface on the light path of the aforementioned light beam of aforementioned case member at least is curved surface, simultaneously, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface had minimum value, the symbol of the radius-of-curvature of aforementioned curved surface was consistent with the symbol of the radius-of-curvature at the interface of aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid.

3. as the optical system of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that, aforementioned optical system also have with aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element near to or in contact with optical element; 2 opticses on the light path of the aforementioned light beam of aforementioned case member are parallel flat, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface had minimum value, the symbol of the radius-of-curvature of the optical surface of at least one of aforementioned optical element was consistent with the symbol of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface.

4. as the optical system of claim 2 record, it is characterized in that when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface had minimum value, the refracting power of the curved surface of aforementioned case member and the refracting power at aforementioned interface had different symbol.

5. as the optical system of claim 3 record, it is characterized in that when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface had minimum value, the refracting power of one optical surface of aforementioned optical element and the refracting power at aforementioned interface had different symbol.

6. as the optical system of claim 3 record, it is characterized in that, aforementioned case member on the light path of aforementioned light beam, as being respectively curved surface with 2 faces of air interface, when the absolute value of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface had minimum value, the symbol of the radius-of-curvature of aforementioned 2 curved surfaces was consistent with the symbol of the radius-of-curvature at aforementioned interface.

7. as the optical system of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that, in aforementioned the 1st fluid and aforementioned the 2nd fluid, when the radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface the when radius-of-curvature at the aforementioned interface that if the refractive index of the fluid of aforementioned aperture nearside is the refractive index of the fluid in ni, aforementioned aperture distally when being no, the focusing of remote object is Rf, closer object focusing is Rn

If ni＞no then satisfies | Rf|＞| Rn| (1)

If ni＜no then satisfies | Rf|＜| Rn| (2)

8. as the optical system of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that aforementioned optical system also has main lens, its than aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element away from object side.

9. as the optical system of claim 8 record, it is characterized in that aforementioned aperture is configured in and aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element adjoining position.

10. as the optical system of claim 8 record, it is characterized in that, in the focusing of aforementioned optical system may the object distance scope, the value the when absolute value of establishing the focal length of aforementioned refraction action variable optical key element becomes maximum was | f ' |, when the focal length of aforementioned main lens is f, satisfy

|f′|/f＞5 (3)

11. the optical system as claim 1 record is characterized in that, makes aforementioned case member have the infrared ray cut function.

12. a camera head is characterized in that, comprising: as the optical system of claim 1 record and will become the imaging apparatus of electric signal by the optical beam transformation that aforementioned optical system is assembled.

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