CN100342824C - 植入的注射端口的检测 - Google Patents

植入的注射端口的检测 Download PDF

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CN100342824C
CN100342824C CNB038236109A CN03823610A CN100342824C CN 100342824 C CN100342824 C CN 100342824C CN B038236109 A CNB038236109 A CN B038236109A CN 03823610 A CN03823610 A CN 03823610A CN 100342824 C CN100342824 C CN 100342824C
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P·福尔塞尔
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Abstract

一种用于检测皮下植入在患者体内(13)的注射端口(12)的设备包括诸如永磁体或者螺线管之类的磁装置(15)以及优选地包含至少一个霍尔元件的磁检测器，该磁装置发射局部磁场，该磁检测器检测局部磁场。磁装置(15)被设计成在植入的注射端口(12)处皮下植入在患者体内，而磁检测器(17)在外部沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以在植入的注射端口的前面的患者的皮肤(16)上确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置发射的局部磁场被磁检测器检测到。作为结果，注射针(14)能够被放置在确定的注射位置内，以将注射针插过患者的皮肤(16)大致上在其中心内直接进入到注射端口。

Description

植入的注射端口的检测
本发明涉及一种用于检测皮下植入在患者体内的注射端口的设备及方法。
定位与患者体内液压可操作的手术植入物相连的注射端口的位置，以能够通过注射端口的膜精确注射注射器的针(或者只是为了定位注射端口的确切位置，或者替代地定位注射端口的膜)，用于将液压流体提供给植入物或者将液压流体从植入物收回，这是重要的。这样的注射端口典型地被设置成与液压可调的植入物相连(通过导管)，例如植入在肥胖患者体内的食物摄取限制装置。
当前，护士或者医生通过简单地用手指在患者的皮肤上感觉来定位植入的注射端口，以找出注射端口处在哪里。然而，护士或者医生不能确切知道为了刺透注射端口的膜的中心，注射针应当在哪里刺透皮肤。
本发明的目的是提供一种廉价的设备和方法，用于精确检测皮下植入在患者体内的注射端口，以使注射针能够安全地刺透患者的皮肤，直接进入注射端口的中心。
该目的通过开头所述的那种设备得以实现，该设备包括适于发射局部磁场的磁装置，及适于检测由磁装置发射的局部磁场的磁检测器。磁装置被设计成在植入的注射端口处，皮下植入在患者体内，而磁检测器在外部沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以在植入的注射端口的前面的患者的皮肤上，确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置发射的局部磁场被磁检测器检测到。可替代地，磁检测器被设计成皮下植入在患者体内，磁装置沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以在植入的注射端口的前面的患者的皮肤上，确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置发射的局部磁场被磁检测器检测到。
这样，使用本发明的设备，在隐藏在皮肤下的注射端口前的患者的皮肤上的精确的注射位置能够被确定。通过放置在该注射位置中的注射针，正确和安全地使注射针插入通过患者的皮肤大致在注射端口中心直接进入注射端口是一项简单的任务。本发明是特别有利于在肥胖的人的体内实施的，在肥胖的人的体内，用手定位植入的注射端口可能是困难的。
通常，磁检测器包括半导体电路，优选的是以至少一个霍尔元件的形式。通过使用一个或者更多个霍尔元件，即在现有的技术中已知的半导体的一种特殊类型，定位由磁装置发射的磁场的中心是简单的。磁检测器适宜包括数个以三角形或者正方形的结构在中心点周围成组的霍尔元件。例如，三个霍尔元件可以设置在等边三角形的角上。一个重要的优势是霍尔元件甚至能够检测从磁装置发射的微弱的磁场。
根据本发明的主要的第一个实施例，磁装置被设计成在植入的注射端口处，皮下植入在患者体内，以发射局部磁场通过注射端口附近的患者的皮肤的一部分，而磁检测器在外部沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以确定注射位置，在该位置局部磁场被磁检测器检测到。在该实施例中，磁装置可能包括环磁体，以定位在注射端口的膜的周围，使得注射针能够插入通过环磁体及注射端口的膜。当检测到局部磁场时，磁检测器可以适于发出声音。可替代地，可移动的磁检测器可以装备至少一个适于在该检测器检测到局部磁场的时候发光的二极管，或者装备适于在该检测器检测到局部磁场的时候有所显示的显示器。
根据本发明的第二个实施例，磁检测器被设计成在植入的注射端口处，皮下植入在患者体内，而磁装置适于从患者体外发射局部磁场通过患者的皮肤，并且该磁装置在外部沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以确定注射位置，在该位置局部磁场被植入的磁检测器检测到。可移动的磁装置适宜地适于确定在皮下植入的注射端口前的注射位置。在其最简单的形式中，植入的磁检测器可以适于在到局部磁场的时候发出声音。在其比较高级的形式中，发射器可植入患者的身体内，并且在植入的磁检测器检测到从患者体外由可移动的磁装置发射的局部磁场的时候，能够将有关磁检测器的信息发送到患者体外。例如，植入的发射器可以发送射频信号，该信号通知植入的检测器检测局部磁场的时刻，由此在患者的皮肤上精确的注射位置能够被确定。精确的注射位置可以直接或者间接地与由磁检测器检测到的磁强度相关联。
磁装置可以是正在发送磁场的螺线管或者永磁体。
本发明也涉及一种检测皮下植入在患者体内的无线注射端口的方法。该方法包括，提供能够发射局部磁场通过患者的皮肤的磁装置，提供适于检测由磁装置发射的局部磁场的磁检测器，在患者体内在植入的注射端口处皮下植入磁装置或者磁检测器，在外面沿着患者的身体移动磁检测器或者磁装置，及在患者的皮肤上确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置发射的局部磁场被磁检测器检测到。然后，注射针能够放置在注射位置上，在该位置局部磁场已经被检测到，以精确地使针插入通过患者的皮肤直接进入注射端口。
根据本发明的第一个替代的方法，磁装置皮下植入，磁检测器在外面沿着患者的身体移动，并且在患者的皮肤上确定注射位置，在该位置由植入的磁装置发射的局部磁场被移动的磁检测器检测到。
根据本发明的第二个替代的方法，磁检测器皮下植入，磁装置在外面沿着患者的身体移动，并且在患者的皮肤上确定注射位置，在该位置由移动的磁装置发射的局部磁场被植入的磁检测器检测到。在实施第二个替代的方法的时候，它还可以包括植入发射器及使用该发射器来将信息发送到患者体外，以确定植入的磁检测器检测到由移动的磁装置发射的局部磁场的时刻。
在实施以上的检测方法的时候，优选地包括至少一个霍尔元件的半导体电路可以作为磁检测器使用。
本发明也提供一种用于治疗有病的患者的外科手术的方法，该方法包括步骤为：将气体吹入患者的腹部；植入可液压操作的植入物，该植入物设计成由通过套管针使用外科手术工具来用于在腹部内治疗反流病，小便失禁，阳萎，肛门失禁或者肥胖；皮下植入注射端口用于为植入物操作提供液压流体，以及在注射端口处植入磁装置用于发射局部磁场通过注射端口及附近的患者的皮肤部分；沿着患者的身体将外部磁检测器可后操作地移动到一个位置，在该位置内由植入的磁装置发射的局部磁场被检测器检测到；将注射针带到局部磁场被检测到的位置；及移动注射针以刺透患者的皮肤进入注射端口，用于将液压流体提供给注射端口或者将液压流体从注射端口收回。
替代地，外科手术的方法可以包括在注射端口处皮下植入磁检测器，并且沿着患者的身体将外部发射局部磁场的磁装置可后操作地移动到一个位置，在该位置内由外部磁装置发射的局部磁场被植入的磁检测器检测到。
接下来参考附图，更详细地描述本发明，其中
图1所示为根据本发明的设备的磁检测器的连接图，
图2在图中示意地显示了定位在本发明的设备的磁装置的前面的磁检测器的输出。
图3是一个实施例的示意图，在该实施例中磁装置皮下植入在患者体内，而磁检测器在外面沿着患者的身体是可移动的，
图4是一个实施例的示意图，在该实施例中磁检测器皮下植入在患者体内，而磁装置在外面沿着患者的身体是可移动的，
图5是液压可调的压缩装置的示意图，该装置设计用于治疗反流病，小便失禁，肛门失禁或者肥胖，以及
图6显示了一个根据本发明使用霍尔元件作为磁检测装置的实施例。
参考附图，相似的参考数字在几张图中指明了相同的或者相应的元件。
图1显示了用于根据本发明的的设备的磁检测器2的连接电路1。磁装置以环磁体3的形式植入在患者体内，该环磁体可以是螺线管或者永磁体。被定位在身体外面且被定位在植入的环磁体3的前面的是磁检测器2，该检测器包括3个以三角形结构分组的线性的磁场传感器4。每个传感器4包括诸如霍尔元件或类似物之类的半导体电路。传感器4与信号调节放大器5相连，而信号调节放大器5接下来再与模拟/数字转换器6相连。微处理器7与模拟/数字转换器6相连。为可视化地显示传感器4的输出信号，显示装置8与微处理器7相连。
图2所示的曲线图大体上显示了由检测器2获得的信息如何被呈现。在曲线图中的X轴上是检测器2相对于磁装置的位置。在Y轴上是检测器2的传感器4的联合输出。这样，图2的曲线图显示了检测器2相对于磁装置的位置“X”为检测器2输出“Y”的函数。为显示该检测方法，以环磁体9为形式的磁装置相对于图2的曲线图被显示。环磁体9以截面图被显示，以分别显示其磁北极N和南极S的位置。图2描述的情况是，磁检测器2(在图2中未显示)在环磁体9的前面已经被放在中心，并且所有传感器4都产生最大输出，该最大输出在图2的曲线图中以峰10，11被显示出来。传感器4连接到显示装置8(例如通过图1所示的连接电路1)，该显示装置可以显示图2所示的曲线图，或者替代地显示数字结果，该结果来自传感器4采集的测量。
图3显示了一个本发明的设备的实施例，用于检测皮下植入在患有肛门失禁的患者体内13的注射端口12，以能够在患者体外定位注射针14，用于在注射端口12内安全并且精确的注射。注射端口12液压连接到应用在患者的直肠20上的液压可调的人造括约肌18。该设备也包括以环磁体15为形式的磁装置，该环磁体围绕注射端口12皮下植入在患者体内13。磁装置15发射局部磁场，该磁场延伸通过在注射端口12附近的患者13的皮肤16的一部分。该设备还包括在外部的、独立的磁检测器17，其可以沿着患者13的身体手动移动，以在患者的皮肤上确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置15发射的局部磁场被磁检测器17检测到。当注射位置被确定的时候，注射针14能够被定位在相同的位置，以精确的将针14插过患者的皮肤直接进入到注射端口12。
图4显示了一个本发明的实施例，该实施例与根据图3的实施例相同，除了磁检测器21在注射端口12处被皮下植入在患者体内13，而提供以环磁体22为形式的在外部的独立的磁装置，该环磁体发射局部磁场通过患者13的皮肤16。环磁体22可以在外部沿着患者13的身体手动地移动，以在患者的皮肤上确定注射位置，在该位置由磁装置22发射的局部磁场被植入的磁检测器21检测到。发射器23植入在患者体内13并且发送有关磁检测器21的状态的信息。这样，当磁检测器21检测到由在外部的环磁体22发射的局部磁场的时候，发射器23发射信息，该信息确定磁装置22处在合适的注射位置，以在患者体外精确定位注射针14。当该注射位置被确定的时候，注射针14能够被放置在相同的位置，以精确地将针插过患者的皮肤直接进入到注射端口12。
图5显示了在图3和4中所示的人造括约肌18的一个例子。括约肌18包括液压可调的压缩装置24以围绕患者的直肠(在图5中未显示)应用。压缩装置24具有空腔25，通过经由植入的注射端口12向其提供液压流体，能够使该空腔膨胀，以关闭直肠，而通过从其收回液压流体，能够使该空腔缩小，以打开直肠。当与本发明的设备联合的时候，这种类型的压缩装置也可以作为人造括约肌被使用，用于治疗患有心痛和反流病或者小便失禁的患者。此外，当与本发明的设备联合的时候，压缩装置24可以，用于在肥胖患者的胃或者食道内形成可调的气门开口以治疗肥胖，或者用于限制阴茎出口血流，以治疗阳萎的患者。
图6显示了一个图3所示的实施例的有利的设计，在该设计中，外部磁检测器17包括3个对称安置的霍尔元件27，该霍尔元件在中心点周围以三角形的结构分组。磁装置植入并且包括环磁体28，该环磁体环绕植入的注射端口12的中心29。如图6所示，当磁检测器17移动到霍尔元件27对称地放置在环磁体28之上并且在环磁体28的周围的位置的时候，磁检测器17检测到由植入的磁体28发射的磁场的最大的强度，由此最精确的注射位置被确定，在该位置注射针14可以插入进注射端口12。作为可代替的，以上描述的设计可以在图4所示的实施例中被实施。这样，植入的磁检测器21可以包括3个霍尔元件27，而外部磁装置22可以包括环磁体28。
虽然根据详细的实施例及方法，本发明已经被描述，但不意味本发明被限制在该实施例中。在本发明的主旨中，该实施例及方法的更改对于本领域的技术人员是明显的。本发明的范围由后面的权利要求书限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种注射端口检测设备，其包括：
适于从患者体外发射局部永磁场通过患者的皮肤(16)的永环磁体(22)，以及
包括半导体电路且被设计成在植入在患者体内中的注射端口(12)处皮下植入在患者内的磁检测器(21)，该磁检测器适于检测由环磁体发射的局部永磁场，
其中，环磁体(15)在外面沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以在植入的注射端口的前面的患者的皮肤(16)上确定注射位置，在该位置由环磁体发射的局部永磁场被磁检测器检测到，由此注射针能够放置在被确定的注射位置内，以将注射针插入通过环磁体的孔且通过患者的皮肤大致在其中心内直接进入注射端口。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(21)的半导体电路包括至少一个霍尔元件(27)。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(21)包括数个在中心点周围以三角形或者正方形的结构分组的霍尔元件(27)。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，还包括发射器(23)，该发射器可植入在患者体内，并且能够在磁检测器检测到由环磁体(22)从患者体外发射的局部永磁场的时候将有关磁检测器(21)的信息发送到患者体外。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器适于在检测到局部永磁场的时候发声。
6.一种注射端口检测设备，其包括：
被设计成围绕皮下植入在患者体内的注射端口(12)的膜皮下植入以发射局部永磁场通过在注射端口附近的患者的皮肤(16)的一部分的永环磁体(15)，以及
包括半导体电路且适于检测由环磁体发射的局部永磁场的磁检测器(17)，
其中，磁检测器(17)在外部沿着患者的身体是可移动的，以在植入的注射端口的前面的患者的皮肤(16)上确定注射位置，在该位置由环磁体发射的局部永磁场被磁检测器检测到，由此注射针能够放置在被确定的注射位置内，以将注射针插入通过患者的皮肤且通过环磁体的孔大致在其中心内直接进入注射端口。
7.如权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(17)的半导体电路包括至少一个霍尔元件(27)。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(17)包括数个在中心点周围以三角形或者正方形的结构分组的霍尔元件(27)。
9.如权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(17)装备有至少一个适于在检测器检测到局部永磁场的时候发光的二极管。
10.如权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，磁检测器(17)装备有适于在检测器检测到局部磁场的时候指示的显示器。
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US20080083413A1 (en) 2008-04-10
DE60319716D1 (de) 2008-04-24
EP1878383A3 (en) 2008-10-15
ATE513510T1 (de) 2011-07-15
ATE388666T1 (de) 2008-03-15
US20060124140A1 (en) 2006-06-15
AU2003265186B2 (en) 2008-06-26
KR20050072097A (ko) 2005-07-08
WO2004030536A1 (en) 2004-04-15
JP2006501014A (ja) 2006-01-12
CA2498041A1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1545304B1 (en) 2008-03-12
EP1545304A1 (en) 2005-06-29
MXPA05002867A (es) 2005-06-22
BR0314866A (pt) 2005-08-02
US20040064030A1 (en) 2004-04-01
DE60319716T2 (de) 2009-02-19
BR0314866B1 (pt) 2013-08-27
AU2003265186A1 (en) 2004-04-23
EP1878383B1 (en) 2011-06-22
CN1688250A (zh) 2005-10-26
EP1878383A2 (en) 2008-01-16
CA2498041C (en) 2012-03-20
HK1083438A1 (en) 2006-07-07

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