CN100339721C - Phase control transducer array and phase control method for acoustic Doppler ocean current profile instrument - Google Patents
Phase control transducer array and phase control method for acoustic Doppler ocean current profile instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN100339721C CN100339721C CNB2004100665603A CN200410066560A CN100339721C CN 100339721 C CN100339721 C CN 100339721C CN B2004100665603 A CNB2004100665603 A CN B2004100665603A CN 200410066560 A CN200410066560 A CN 200410066560A CN 100339721 C CN100339721 C CN 100339721C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a phase control transducer array and a phase control method for acoustic Doppler sea current profilers. In the phase control transducer array, thousand of transducers are uniformly distributed according to half wavelength intervals in a circular plane; the grating lobe generation condition of the transducer array is used for grouping all of the transducers; one transducer set on the center of the phase control transducer array is taken as a reference set, the identical transducers in the transducer sets in the relative positions are connected with the corresponding transducer in the reference set in parallel for forming 16 paths of transducers; 4 phase control transmitted wave beams and received wave beams in the oblique orthogonal structure forming a 30 degree included angle with the vertical line of the phase control transducer array are realized through the phase position control and the amplitude control of transmitted signals and received signals of the 16 paths of transducer sets. The present invention has the advantages that the size of the transducer array of acoustic Doppler sea current profilers is greatly reduced, the production manufacturing cost of low frequency large depth acoustic Doppler sea current profilers is reduced, and acoustic Doppler sea current profilers have good applicability and a large use range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phased transducer battle array, mainly is a kind of acoustic Doppler current profiler and the transducer array of oceanographic instrumentations such as log and control method mutually of being used for.
Background technology
The transducer array of oceanographic instrumentations such as conventional acoustic Doppler current profiler and log be by 4 independently transducer form (as shown in Figure 1, X, Y, Z are rectangular coordinate among the figure, 4 launching beams and Z axle are 30 ° angle, 4 projections of launching beam on the XY plane overlap with X-axis and Y-axis), the radiating surface of each transducer and perpendicular bisector angle are 20 °～30 °, constitute 4 launching beams and the received beam of oblique orthohormbic structure.Its advantage is that transducer array processing is simple and convenient, does not need to transmit and receive wave beam and forms.Its shortcoming mainly contain following some:
1. transducer array to transmit and receive secondary lobe bigger;
2. between the surface of emission of the transducer array of require forming because of measuring principle and the surface level certain angle is arranged, no matter the surface of emission of transducer array is that capital indent or evagination causes the water flow disturbance that battle array is other, influences transmitting and receiving of sound wave;
3. the volume of transducer array is big, Heavy Weight; About 1 meter of the 75kHzADCP transducer array diameter of RD company, the about 160kg of weight is 38kHz if require measurement to reduce the emission frequency of sound wave than the territory, deep-sea, and its transducer array diameter is 2 meters, and weight is 1600kg.Thereby the restriction of installation and use is more.
4. measuring accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of phased transducer battle array of acoustic Doppler current profiler and control method mutually of being used for, volume and weight for the transducer array that reduces oceanographic instrumentations such as acoustic Doppler current profiler and log, make it to have better suitable dress property and easy to use, invented the phased transducer battle array.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts.This transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler comprises the phased transducer battle array, the underwater electronic equipment of installing in the basic matrix under water, the electronic equipment waterborne of installation cabin waterborne in, connection under water with the long cable of electronic equipment waterborne.Described phased transducer battle array is a planar array, and its inside is arranged by square net by one group of transducer primitive and formed; With the square net that to comprise 4 transducer primitives be the length of side, promptly be symmetrical in the center of circle all transducer primitives are divided into some groups by its position, 16 transducers with phased transducer battle array center are benchmark, carry out other transducer primitive of respectively organizing same position in transducer primitive and the benchmark group in parallel, form 16 tunnel transducer group, first row, 1,2,3,4 tunnel, second row 5,6,7,8 tunnel, the 3rd row the 9,10,11,12 tunnel, the 4th row 13,14,15,16 tunnel; The phased transducer battle array of transmit-receive sharing links to each other with the power amplifier final stage of phased transmitter and the prime amplifier of phased receiver by the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit.
The phase control method of this transducer array of the present invention, all transducers in the phased transducer battle array are divided into groups, that group with phased transducer battle array center is the benchmark group, the identical transducer of relative position in each group is carried out parallel connection with relative transducer in the benchmark group, form No. 16 transducers, by phase place and amplitude control, realize becoming 4 the phased launching beams and the received beam of the oblique orthohormbic structure of 30 ° of angles with phased transducer battle array vertical line to the emission of this 16 tunnel transducer group, received signal.
Useful effect of the present invention is: the phased transducer battle array is made up of nearly thousand array elements, form principle according to wave beam, form 4 required wave beams that transmit and receive, the fundamental purpose of development phased transducer battle array is not increase on the basis of volume and weight of transducer array transmission frequency is lowered, thereby enlarges measurement range.The diameter of the 38kHz phased transducer battle array that we develop is 0.60 meter, and weight is less than 100kg.The present invention has reduced the physical size and the weight of the transducer array of oceanographic instrumentations such as acoustic Doppler current profiler and log greatly under the prerequisite that does not increase circuit complexity, reduced the installation requirement of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 4 launching beams of the conventional transducer array of acoustic Doppler current profiler.
Fig. 2 is the layouts of nearly thousand transducers in the phased transducer battle array.
Fig. 3 is the transducer grouping in the phased transducer battle array.
Fig. 4 is 16 transducer relative position number in the benchmark group.
Fig. 5 is that phased transmitter constitutes block diagram.
Fig. 6 is phased emission and transmitting-receiving change-over circuit 1.
Fig. 7 is phased emission and transmitting-receiving change-over circuit 2.
Fig. 8 is phased receiver function block diagram.
Description of reference numerals: 1 be the benchmark group transducer, 2 for the transducer positive pole, 3 for the transducer negative pole, 4 for primary end of the same name, 5 for primary different name end, 6 for transformer junior synonym end, 7 for transformer secondary output end of the same name, 8 for filter inductance and electric capacity, 9 for transducer coupling inductance, 10 for resistance, 11 for bilateral diode to, 12 for the transducer received signal, 13 for primary, 14 for transformer secondary output, 15 be negater circuit.
Embodiment
The invention will be described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Nearly thousand transducers are placed on the rectangular node on circle (also can be ellipse or rectangle) plane (as shown in Figure 2), distance between the adjacent transducer is that (velocity of sound c in the seawater is between 1400 meter per seconds～1600 meter per seconds for half-wavelength d=λ/2=c/2f, usually supposition c is 1500m/s, if frequency of operation f elects 37.5kHz as, then the distance between the adjacent transducer is 2cm; If frequency of operation f elects 18.75kHz as, then the distance between the adjacent transducer is 4cm; If frequency of operation f elects 150kHz as, then the distance between the adjacent transducer is 0.5cm; ).The diameter of phased transducing battle array can require to choose generally at 10～20 times of wavelength according to actual installation.(with the XY plane is phased transducer battle array plane for 4 signal launching beams forming phased transducer battle array as shown in Figure 1,4 wave beams drop on respectively on XZ plane and the YZ plane and with the angle of Z axle be 30 °), adopted the method that strengthens the transducer array graing lobe, realize that by transmitting of each transducer primitive shown in Figure 2 being carried out the control of phase place and amplitude the specific implementation method is as follows:
At first, to the transducer in the phased transducer battle array as shown in Figure 2, only the received signal of 16 transducers in frame of broken lines and the phase place that transmits are independently, other any transducer can both in these 16 transducers, find one with its received signal with transmit the identical transducer of phase place.Therefore, at first all transducers in the phased transducer battle array are divided into groups, as shown in Figure 3.That group with phased transducer battle array center is the benchmark group, and the transducer that relative position was identical during each was organized carries out parallel connection with the relative transducer in the benchmark group, forms No. 16 transducers.By to 16 phase place and amplitude controls that transducer transmits in the benchmark group, realize that phased launching beam forms and received beam forms.The concrete method of weighting of phase place that as shown in Figure 4 16 transducers of benchmark group are transmitted and amplitude control is as follows:
Adding amplitude for 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers is that A, phase place are 0 ° emission electric signal; Adding amplitude for 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers is that A, phase place are 180 ° emission electric signal; And 3,6,8,9,14, No. 16 transducers are not launched acoustical signal.
Invent 2 kinds of circuit the simplest and realized the opposite two-way large power, electrically signal of amplitude same phase.(as shown in Figure 6, the transducer in the phased transducer battle array is the transmit-receive sharing transducer, and bilateral diode constitutes the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit to, resistance for first kind of circuit.) adopt two secondary winding transformers to realize, the end of the same name of winding 1 linked to each other with the different name end of winding 2 link to each other with transducer negative pole in the phased transducer battle array as ground wire, the different name end of winding 1 links to each other by the positive pole of diode pair with benchmark group 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers, and the end of the same name of winding 2 links to each other by the positive pole of diode pair with benchmark group 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers.And benchmark group 3,6,8,9,14, No. 16 transducers link to each other with ground wire by diode pair.
Second kind of circuit as shown in Figure 7, the transducer in the phased transducer battle array is the transmit-receive sharing transducer, bilateral diode constitutes the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit to, resistance.The output power signal links to each other with the positive pole of benchmark group 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers by diode pair and links to each other with the negative pole of 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers, and benchmark group 3,6,8,9,14, No. 16 transducers link to each other with ground wire by diode pair.Because the positive and negative electrode of 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers is put upside down, so in receiving circuit, must carry out oppositely corresponding.
Wherein phased transmitter is formed (see figure 5)s such as the source plate that transmits, signal transducer, power board, transmitting-receiving change-over panel, frequency-selecting matching network by four circuit boards and some peripheral components.Transmitted and the transmission envelop signal by the transmiting signal source generation, transmitting comprises broadband signal and narrow band signal; Can drive transmitting of IGBT power tube by conversion of signals formation, the centre comprises current foldback circuit; Power amplifier is operated in the switch magnifying state, power amplifier output connects output transformer, form the emission high-power signal that 1. two-way phase place is opposite, amplitude equates, will launch the positive pole that high-power signal is added to 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers of the positive pole of 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers of phased transducer battle array and phased transducer battle array by frequency selection network and diode pair respectively; 2. riches all the way penetrates high-power signal, to launch the negative pole that high-power signal is added to 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers of the positive pole of 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers of phased transducer battle array and phased transducer battle array by frequency selection network and diode pair respectively, realize transmitting 180 ° of phase changes; And 3,6,8,9,14, No. 16 transducers are not launched acoustical signal, link to each other with ground wire by diode pair.Thereby realize becoming with phased transducer battle array vertical line 4 phased launching beams of the oblique orthohormbic structure of 30 ° of angles, wherein resistance, diode pair constitute special transmitting-receiving change-over circuit.
Wherein said phased receiver is by prime amplifier, and pre-wave beam forms, and (composition frame chart is seen accompanying drawing 8) partly formed in filtering, temporal gain control etc.The port number of phased receiver is consistent with the grouping number and the frequency of operation of phased transducer battle array with frequency of operation.Echoed signal to the wave beam 1 shown in the accompanying drawing 1, it is identical to be numbered 1,2,3,4 transducer phase of received signal, therefore carry out addition after 1,2,3,4 transducer received signal is amplified and form 1 road signal being numbered, be input to bandpass filter, the noise that the elimination passband is outer, carry out gain compensation through temporal gain control (TGC) again, obtain forming the 1 road signal of received beam 1.In like manner, to being numbered 5,6,7,8 transducer received signal, to being numbered 9,10,11,12 transducer received signal and carrying out identical processing, obtain forming the 2 road signal, the 3 road signal, the 4 road signal of received beam 1 to being numbered 13,14,15,16 transducer received signal.The 1st, 2,3 road signals are carried out the output signal that addition obtains becoming with phased transducer battle array vertical line the received beam 1 of 30 ° of angles with this 4 road signal after 270 °, 180 °, 90 ° of the phase shifts respectively by phase-shift circuit.Using the same method to obtain the output signal of received beam 2, received beam 3, received beam 4, thereby realizes the received beam shown in the accompanying drawing 1.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler comprises the phased transducer battle array, the underwater electronic equipment of installing in the basic matrix under water, the electronic equipment waterborne of installation cabin waterborne in, connection under water with the long cable of electronic equipment waterborne; It is characterized in that: described phased transducer battle array is a planar array, and its inside is arranged by square net by one group of transducer primitive and formed; With the square net that to comprise 4 transducer primitives be the length of side, promptly be symmetrical in the center of circle all transducer primitives are divided into some groups by its position, 16 transducers with phased transducer battle array center are benchmark, carry out other transducer primitive of respectively organizing same position in transducer primitive and the benchmark group in parallel, form 16 tunnel transducer group, first row, 1,2,3,4 tunnel, second row 5,6,7,8 tunnel, the 3rd row the 9,10,11,12 tunnel, the 4th row 13,14,15,16 tunnel; The phased transducer battle array of transmit-receive sharing links to each other with the power amplifier final stage of phased transmitter and the prime amplifier of phased receiver by the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit.
2, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the spacing between the described adjacent transducer primitive is λ/2, and λ is an operation wavelength, and its frequency of operation is from 15kHz to 150kHz.
3, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described phased transducer battle array is a circle or oval-shaped planar array.
4, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the underwater electronic equipment of installing in the basic matrix comprises under water: the transmitting-receiving change-over circuit, and prime amplifier in the phased receiver and pre-wave beam form circuit; The pre-wave beam of phased receiver forms and links by the wave filter in long cable and the phased receiver waterborne.
5, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described phased transmitter is made up of the source plate that transmits, signal transducer, power board and four circuit boards of transmitting-receiving change-over panel and some peripheral components.
6, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described phased receiver is by prime amplifier, and pre-wave beam forms, and filtering, temporal gain control etc. are partly formed.
7, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described phased receiver is made up of four receiver cards, it is a plate that prime amplifier and pre-wave beam form circuit, is contained under water in the phased transducer battle array; Wave filter is the LC passive filter, is separately a 6U on-gauge plate, is installed in the cabin waterborne in the cabinet; Temporal gain control and wave beam formation circuit are a 6U on-gauge plate, are installed in the cabin waterborne in the cabinet; Temporal gain curve controlled plate is a 6U on-gauge plate, is installed in the cabin waterborne in the cabinet.
8, the transducer array that is used for acoustic Doppler current profiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this long cable is the direction waterproof cable, its outermost layer is a pvc sheath, secondly be total screen layer, the inside comprises the multiple twin shielding line, the line that transmits, power lead and temperature sensor line.
9, a kind of phase control method of transducer array, it is characterized in that: all transducers in the phased transducer battle array are divided into groups, the phased transducer battle array is a planar array, its inside is arranged by square net by one group of transducer primitive and is formed, with the square net that to comprise 4 transducer primitives be the length of side, promptly be symmetrical in the center of circle all transducer primitives are divided into some groups by its position, 16 transducers with phased transducer battle array center are benchmark, carry out other transducer primitive of respectively organizing same position in transducer primitive and the benchmark group in parallel, form 16 tunnel transducer group, first row 1,2,3,4 the tunnel, second row 5,6,7,8 the tunnel, the 3rd row 9,10,11,12 the tunnel, the 4th row 13,14,15,16 the tunnel: then by emission to this 16 tunnel transducer group, the control of the phase place of received signal and amplitude realizes becoming with phased transducer battle array vertical line 4 the phased launching beams and the received beam of the oblique orthohormbic structure of 30 ° of angles.
10, the phase control method of transducer array according to claim 9 is characterized in that: transmitted and the transmission envelop signal by the transmiting signal source generation, transmitting comprises broadband signal and narrow band signal; Can drive transmitting of IGBT power tube by conversion of signals formation, the centre comprises current foldback circuit; Power amplifier is operated in the switch magnifying state, power amplifier output connects output transformer, form the emission high-power signal that 1. two-way phase place is opposite, amplitude equates, will launch the positive pole that high-power signal is added to 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers of the positive pole of 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers of phased transducer battle array and phased transducer battle array by frequency selection network and diode pair respectively; 2. riches all the way penetrates high-power signal, to launch the negative pole that high-power signal is added to 7,10,11,12, No. 15 transducers of the positive pole of 1,2,4,5, No. 13 transducers of phased transducer battle array and phased transducer battle array by frequency selection network and diode pair respectively, realize transmitting 180 ° of phase changes; And 3,6,8,9,14, No. 16 transducers are not launched acoustical signal, link to each other with ground wire by diode pair; Thereby realize becoming with phased transducer battle array vertical line 4 phased launching beams of the oblique orthohormbic structure of 30 ° of angles, wherein resistance, diode pair constitute special transmitting-receiving change-over circuit; The port number of phased receiver is consistent with the grouping number and the frequency of operation of phased transducer battle array with frequency of operation; Echoed signal is through preposition amplification, after forming, pre-wave beam is input to bandpass filter, the noise that the elimination passband is outer, carry out gain compensation through temporal gain control again, obtaining phase differential by phase-shift circuit is respectively 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° phase shift signal, forms the received beam that becomes the oblique orthohormbic structure of 30 ° of angles with phased transducer battle array vertical line at last.
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| CN100339721C true CN100339721C (en) | 2007-09-26 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100386649C (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2008-05-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Synthetic aperture three-dimensional acoustic imaging method |
| CN100447531C (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Portable multi-beam depth sounder |
| CN100430694C (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-11-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multi-beam wide covering sea floor relief and geomorphy surveying device |
| CN105115492B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-10-24 | 武汉大学 | Underwater terrain matching navigation system based on acoustic Doppler log |
| CN105891808B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-02-26 | 复旦大学 | A kind of acoustic emission apparatus of Multi-target position |
| CN108768340B (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳臻迪信息技术有限公司 | LC frequency-selecting filtering sonar receiving circuit |
| CN108710133B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2022-02-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Planar phased array transducer array and phase control method |
| CN109407102B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2023-03-17 | 南通赛洋电子有限公司 | Two-dimensional underwater environment detection method based on transducer receiving phase |
| CN110687526A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-14 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Method for reducing directional fluctuation of wide-beam transmitting transducer and transducer |
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| US5208785A (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1993-05-04 | Rowe, Deines Instruments Incorporated | Broadband acoustic doppler current profiler |
| US6552336B1 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2003-04-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Non-invasive, opto-acoustic water current measurement system and method |
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| US5208785A (en) * | 1990-09-26 | 1993-05-04 | Rowe, Deines Instruments Incorporated | Broadband acoustic doppler current profiler |
| US6552336B1 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2003-04-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Non-invasive, opto-acoustic water current measurement system and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200710 Address after: 311499, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, leaving 715 Street Ping Feng. Co-patentee after: Hangzhou Ruili Marine Equipment Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: THE 715TH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHINA SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY Corp. Address before: 311400 No. 82, Guihua West Road, Zhejiang, Fuyang Patentee before: THE 715TH RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHINA SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY Corp. |
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