CN100339666C - Variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines - Google Patents
Variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines Download PDFInfo
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- CN100339666C CN100339666C CNB2005100787889A CN200510078788A CN100339666C CN 100339666 C CN100339666 C CN 100339666C CN B2005100787889 A CNB2005100787889 A CN B2005100787889A CN 200510078788 A CN200510078788 A CN 200510078788A CN 100339666 C CN100339666 C CN 100339666C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
- F25B2400/0751—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors the compressors having different capacities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/01—Timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a fixed frequency variable load multi-machine heat pump system which does not generate current high harmonic waves or electromagnetic radiation, and each compressor can quickly heat and return oil at a low pressure part in soft starting by small current According to the requirements for cold load and heat load, the system can flexibly control the compressors to operate, select compressors with minimum volume to finely regulate the load capacity of a heat pump in a pulse mode and quickly follow the change of the cold load and heat load to perform super-regulation control so as to attain the goals of energy saving, high efficiency, simple structure and high reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat pump, particularly a kind of load variable, do not produce the variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines of electric current higher hamonic wave or electromagnetic radiation.
Background technology
At present, in the heat pump of the multi-compressor parallel connection that known load is variable, at least comprise a frequency-changeable compressor, compression board number by selecting the work that enters and the running frequency of regulating frequency-changeable compressor change the load capacity of system, to adapt to the demand of different cooling and heating loads.
But there is following problem in this frequency conversion heat pump system in multi machines:
1. in the known frequency conversion control circuit, the electric current higher hamonic wave that alternating current produces when over commutation, inversion can cause the serious distortion of line voltage;
2. known harmonic wave suppresses circuit can not eliminate all higher hamonic waves, and what have also can produce certain electromagnetic radiation;
3. known frequency conversion system can not work long hours under its high frequency state, if high frequency full speed running in tens of minutes energy consumption height not only also can cause damage to the frequency conversion control circuit components and parts.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that existing frequency conversion heat pump system exists, the invention provides a kind of fixed variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines frequently, do not produce electric current higher hamonic wave and electromagnetic radiation, each compressor can be in the low voltage section oil return that is rapidly heated in little electric current soft start, system is according to the flexible scheduling of the demand compressor operation of cooling and heating load, system selects the minimum capacity compressor to press pulse mode, promptly open repeatedly with holding time of appointment, stop the control methods (referring to shown in Figure 5) of compressor, regulate the load capacity of heat pump more subtly, system follows the variation of cooling and heating load fast and carries out overshoot control, reaches energy-conservation, efficiently, simply, reliable multipurpose.
In the variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines disclosed by the invention, heat power engineering system is made of an outdoor unit and some indoor units, and control system is made of an outdoor controller and compressor controller, several indoor set controllers and Remote Control Indicator.Wherein, all adopt real-time communication control between outdoor controller and compressor controller, outdoor controller and indoor set controller, indoor set controller and Remote Control Indicator or off-premises station and the Remote Control Indicator.
The present invention solves the technical measures that its technical problem adopts and comprises:
Invariable frequency compressor group in the outdoor unit is made up of the invariable frequency compressor of some different capabilities, and compressor is incremental order numbering by measure, and capacity is identical points out capacity with its numbering and increase progressively; Each compressor low-pressure end directly is parallel to the delivery trunk of gas-liquid separator, each compressor high-voltage end is parallel to earlier the input house steward of gas-liquid separator respectively by magnetic valve, be parallel to the input house steward of oil eliminator more respectively by check valve, each compressor and high-pressure side magnetic valve thereof are controlled by compressor controller and outdoor controller all successively, before any compressor starts, its high-pressure side magnetic valve is switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator by compressor controller control, after the compressor soft start several seconds, this magnetic valve recovers off-state, and the startup of magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor is controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly.Owing to the conducting of magnetic valve, its pressure at two ends is near equating that so starting current is little, the invariable frequency compressor drive circuit does not produce electric current higher hamonic wave or electromagnetic radiation during the compressor soft start;
Thermal technology's configuration of compressor soft start, the gas-liquid separator of outdoor unit mesolow part can be heated at low temperatures in advance, promptly earlier a few compressor high-pressure side magnetic valves are switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator, treat described compressor start and gas-liquid separator carried out to heat with compression hot gas, after some seconds described magnetic valve is returned to off-state, the startup of magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor is controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly;
Thermal technology's configuration of compressor soft start, make every compressor all can quicken oil return on demand, promptly earlier certain compressor high-pressure side magnetic valve is switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator, after machine startup to be compressed and acceleration suck the lubricating oil of gas-liquid separator bottom, this magnetic valve returns to off-state, and the startup of magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor is controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly;
The gentle measure of quickening oil return that adds in advance under the compressor soft starting mode has improved the heat pump reliability of operation;
Suck liquid refrigerant when avoiding the compressor soft start, the present invention improves the structure of gas-liquid separator;
Service system is dispatched the load capacity realization flexibility of heat pump according to the demand of cooling and heating load, promptly when existing load is risen, compressor by the big sequence starting respective volume in earlier little back, when existing load descends, by the compressor of first big after small orderly close-down respective volume, this measure has improved the steadily qualitative of heat pump operation;
Compressor controller in the control system is encoded with binary numeral to the start and stop state of the compressor of various capacity, automatically select the pulsation control methods of minimum capacity compressor according to the variation tendency of existing load, the minimum capacity invariable frequency compressor will be pressed pulse mode control start and stop with different duty, the start and stop of the magnetic valve break-make moment and compressor will be regulated sequential by pulsation constantly be controlled by compressor controller, and system can compare meticulous load regulation to improve energy-saving effect;
All design temperature, timesharing start or stop all indoor units respectively, when any indoor set starts, this indoor set controller can be set one period overshoot phase for it and follow the variation of indoor cooling and heating load fast, in preceding half period of overshoot phase under the heating condition with A times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with B times of computational load, in time second half section overshoot phase under the heating condition with C times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with D times of computational load, wherein A＞B 〉=C＞D＞1; Then wind-warm syndrome was poor, the degree of superheat or the degree of supercooling computational load of heat exchanger according to passing in and out after the overshoot phase finished; Load under all situations all is uploaded to outdoor controller, the total load that gathers computing system by outdoor controller, and, select to enter the compression machine number of work and the method for operation of minimum capacity compressor automatically by compressor controller to pass to compressor controller under the existing load numerical value;
System enters the overshoot phase when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) simultaneously when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller adopts overshoot phase control method, be total load and each temperature detection data of off-premises station that load that outdoor controller is uploaded according to each indoor set controller gathers the gained system, select the working method of off-premises station automatically; Enter the overshoot phase simultaneously when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller calls four kinds of steps successively, promptly improve outdoor machine fan speed, reduce the existing load of compressor, increase the indoor and outdoor electronic expansion valve opening and submit user time-sharing use indoor set to or carry out " removing frost " and handle,, system is adjusted in the normal operating limit; Outdoor controller is directly adjusted outdoor fan speed and electronic expansion valve opening; To pass to compressor controller under the adjusted existing load; With adjusted indoor electronic expansion valve opening or to data down transmissions such as user's prompting and the existing adjustment states of outer machine to the indoor set controller; This measure makes system can follow the variation of cooling and heating load fast, has prevented that again overshoot is excessive, has improved the efficient of heat pump operation;
System adopts electronic expansion valve controls to refrigerant flow, by outdoor controller drive chamber exoelectron expansion valve drive circuit, by electronic expansion valve-driving circuit in each indoor set controller drive chamber,, the degree of superheat poor according to indoor and outdoor heat exchanger turnover wind-warm syndrome or degree of supercooling are calculated electronic expansion valve opening with PID PID, accept the adjustment that outdoor controller instructs at the indoor electronic expansion valve opening of overshoot control period, control has appropriate accuracy to indoor temperature in the system that guaranteed;
Remote Control Indicator in the control system comprises input keyboard and display screen, can be by the erasable mode initialization system of on-the-spot online electricity operational factor, number as indoor set, the indoor set nominal load, overshoot phase length, the overshoot multiple, system's suction and discharge temperature range, data such as minimum capacity compressor pulse mode dutycycle, with configuration and the running environment characteristics that adapt to indoor and outdoor machine, Remote Control Indicator is uploaded to the indoor set controller with these parameters and user's operational order of being accepted, the user can be to each indoor set difference design temperature by input keyboard, timesharing starts or stops, the real-time explicit user operational order of Remote Control Indicator, machine running status and some system status parameters within the indoor set controller passes down, and, whole heat pump also can only dispose a Remote Control Indicator and be connected with outdoor controller, realize system's master control by outdoor controller and each indoor set controller real-time communication, this measure has improved control system to the adaptability of various running environment with different machine configuration set.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, guarantee that variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines does not have electric pollution to public electric wire net, the driven compressor mechanism that has optimized makes that system cost is low, efficient is high, and the reliability and the adaptability of system are improved.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is a heat power engineering system structure sketch of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the control system structure sketch of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the control system structure sketch of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a compressor soft start sequential chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that sequential chart is regulated in three compressors pulsation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a compressor controller state of a control table of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an outdoor controller state of a control table of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an indoor set controller state of a control table of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the flexible scheduler program block diagrams of three compressor controllers of the present invention.
Figure 10 is an outdoor controller cooling condition control program block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 is an outdoor controller heating condition control program block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is an indoor set controller cooling condition control program block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 13 is an indoor set controller heating condition control program block diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to the description of drawings embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the heat power engineering system structure sketch and the control system structure sketches of first embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, off-premises station in the first embodiment heat power engineering system has three on the big or small compressor of different capabilities, wherein, minimum capacity compressor 1, intermediate size compressor 2 and heap(ed) capacity compressor 3 have been formed the invariable frequency compressor group, and off-premises station also comprises: heat exchanger 13, four-way change-over valve 10, gas-liquid separator 12, a table oil separator 9, reservoir 15, fan (not shown), electric expansion valve 14 etc.; Some indoor sets in the heat power engineering system of the present invention all are made up of some cover heat exchangers 17, fan (not shown), electric expansion valve 16 etc.
First implements, and makes compressor 1 capacity minimum be 6HP for 2HP, compressor 2 capacity are medium to the maximum for 3HP compressor 3 capacity; Each compressor low-pressure end directly is parallel to the delivery trunk 4 of gas-liquid separator 12; Each compressor high-voltage end is parallel to earlier the input house steward 7 of gas-liquid separator 12 respectively by magnetic valve 6, be parallel to the input house steward 5 of oil eliminator 9 more respectively by check valve 8; Oil eliminator 9 bottoms link to each other with the delivery trunk 4 of gas-liquid separator 12 by voltage limiter 11.
As shown in Figure 2, the control circuit of the outdoor controller of the described first embodiment control system comprises electronic expansion valve-driving circuit, fan drive circuit and temp probe, turnover wind-warm syndrome degree, heat exchanger import and export pipeline temperature and compressor suction duct, Tail Pipe Temperature in order to the outer unit heat exchanger of detecting chamber, the rotating speed of regulating outdoor machine fan changes between 1 grade to 8 grades, the aperture from 0 to 500 of control electric expansion valve is the step, changes between promptly from the full cut-off to the standard-sized sheet.
Described outdoor controller is connected with compressor controller by the real-time communication circuit, the control circuit of compressor controller comprises to the drive circuit of each compressor with to the drive circuit of each compressor high-pressure side magnetic valve, the control method of described compressor controller comprises, before any compressor starts, its high-pressure side magnetic valve is switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator, after the compressor soft start several seconds, this magnetic valve returns to off-state.Like this, the minimum capacity compressor can carry out start and stop to realize the load regulation of compressor by the mode of pulsation in first embodiment.
As shown in Figure 4, compressor soft starting mode of the present invention, press the SECO of compressor soft start by outdoor controller, in the sequential, ta connects constantly for the compressor high-voltage end magnetic valve, and tb is the compressor start moment, tc is the compressor high-voltage end magnetic valve break-make moment, when this sequential can guarantee arbitrary compressor soft start, its pressure at two ends was near equating, so the starting current of compressor is little.
As shown in Figure 5, the pulsation control methods of minimum capacity compressor of the present invention can realize by setting magnetic valve break-make sequential and compressor start-stop time parameter.In the compressor pulse mode start and stop one-period, relate to 5 time parameters:
T0: magnetic valve make and break period zero hour, magnetic valve is connected
T1: zero hour compressor pulsation period, compressor start
T2: magnetic valve disconnects constantly
T3: compressor stops constantly
T4: magnetic valve make and break period finish time
T5: finish time compressor pulsation period
Wherein, t0＜t1＜t2＜t3＜t4＜t5; And the t4-t0=t5-t1=compressor pulsation period;
When t3-t1=(t5-t1)/2, the load of minimum capacity compressor is half of its rated capacity,
As can be seen from Fig. 5, can select certain load capacity that the minimum capacity compressor is lower than its rated capacity at t2 constantly to selection t3 between the t4.
Because of the startup of the magnetic valve break-make moment and compressor all can be set by the instruction and data of outdoor controller constantly, every compressor all can realize quickening oil return, promptly earlier certain compressor high-pressure side magnetic valve is switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator, after machine startup to be compressed and acceleration sucked the lubricating oil of gas-liquid separator bottom, this magnetic valve returned to off-state; Same reason, described gas-liquid separator can be realized heating in advance at low temperatures, promptly earlier a few compressor high-pressure side magnetic valves are switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator, treat described compressor start and with compression hot gas to gas-liquid separator carry out heat after, described magnetic valve returns to off-state; Under the both of these case, as long as the t2 and the t3 parameter of the chosen compressor of proper extension.
As shown in Figure 6, whether compressor controller need encode with binary numeral to the various load capacity of described compressor, i.e. " compressor load coding schedule " with the mode start and stop of pulsation in order to judge the minimum capacity compressor among described first embodiment.Right to play first be to represent that the minimum capacity compressor need be with the mode start and stop of pulsation at 1 o'clock to coding in the table, and coding is right, and to play first be 0 expression start and stop of need not pulsing.
The right side of binary system compressor load coding is played the second bit representation minimum capacity compressor and is turned round at full speed, and right the 3rd bit representation intermediate size compressor that rises turns round at full speed, and right the 4th bit representation heap(ed) capacity compressor that rises turns round at full speed.Shown in the compressor load coding schedule, the compressor of three kinds of different capabilities of described first embodiment can make the modification scope of variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines cover each the different load capacity from 1HP to 23HP by 23 steps.
" allowing pulsation " that " compressor control state table " shown in Figure 6 listed is the record marker of the program of compressor controller to minimum capacity compressor operation mode, " existing load " and " in preceding load " is the record data of the program of compressor controller to load variations, also is the record data of carrying out real-time communication with outdoor controller.
As shown in Figure 9, the program of compressor controller is according to the variation tendency of existing load among described first embodiment, automatically judge and enter the compression machine number of operation and the method for operation of minimum capacity compressor, if " existing load " and " in preceding load " equates, the running status of compressor before then maintaining; When existing load was risen, program will " existing load " coding and " in preceding load " coding " moving to right " and make comparisons simultaneously, according to the step-by-step comparative result, with the compressor of the order start and stop different capabilities of " earlier little back greatly "; When existing load descends, will " existing load " coding and " in preceding load " coding " moving to left " and make comparisons simultaneously, according to " pressing bit comparison " result, with the order start and stop compressor of " first big after small "; By bit comparison the time, play first decision permission or forbid that the minimum capacity compressor is with " pulse mode " start and stop according to the right side of existing load coding.
Compressor controller is when the start stop mode of judgement/control minimum capacity compressor among described first embodiment, or judging/controlling when selected compressor " acceleration oil return " or gas-liquid separator " are heated " in advance that compressor controller all will be controlled by instruction and the parameter that passes under the outdoor controller.
The outdoor controller of the described first embodiment control system is connected with each indoor set controller by the real-time communication circuit, the load that outdoor controller is uploaded according to each indoor set controller gathers total load and each temperature detection data of off-premises station of gained system, automatically select the working method of off-premises station, as shown in Figure 2; Enter the overshoot phase simultaneously when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller calls four kinds of measures successively, promptly improve outdoor machine fan speed, reduce the existing load of compressor, increase indoor and outdoor electronic expansion valve opening and prompting user time-sharing use indoor set, system is adjusted in the normal operating limit.
As shown in Figure 7, outdoor controller of the present invention is in order to carry out real-time communication with each indoor set controller and for the direct control to outdoor unit, to have set up " outdoor controller state of a control table " record unit as communication/control." outdoor controller state of a control table " comprises " outer machine state table ", " refrigeration load/anemometer ", " heating load/anemometer " and all indoor sets " interior machine state table ".Wherein, " outer machine state table " comprising: the delivery temperature Td upper limit, delivery temperature Td, suction temperature Ts lower limit, suction temperature Ts, the load upper limit, load lower limit, the wind speed upper limit, Load, existing load, existing wind speed, outer machine S state value, EAT, leaving air temp, evaporating temperature, condensation temperature, calculating aperture, existing aperture, remove frost sign, in preceding load with allow content such as pulsation sign; " interior machine state table " comprises each interior machine: interior machine numbering, setting load, circular load, contents such as circular aperture, mode of operation and ready flag.
As shown in figure 10, outdoor controller of the present invention at first will detect each temperature spot of outer machine, receive that all ready indoor set controllers are uploaded the data of " status bar " and " the interior machine state table " system for confirmation in " outdoor controller state of a control table " of depositing in is in and freezes or heating condition in each cycle of control in real time.If system is in cooling condition, the outdoor controller control program will add up all interior machine circular loads and deposit the Load unit of " outer machine state table " in, subsequently cooling condition is distinguished into four kinds of S states, with four program branches, call four kinds of measures successively, system is adjusted in the normal operating limit.
First kind of S state of cooling condition, it is the S=0 state, it also is the init state of cooling condition, be meant that the delivery temperature Td of running compressor is not raised to the normal condition of the higher limit of delivery temperature, outdoor controller does not need the accumulative total load of machine circular in all is limited, and outdoor unit is implemented control routinely.At this moment, outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 10 first branch will determine " the existing wind speed " of outdoor unit fan according to " refrigeration load/anemometer " listed numerical value.When the accumulative total load of machine circular in all rose to the load higher limit, outer machine controller control program was replaced existing load value with the load higher limit, otherwise existing load value is replaced in the accumulative total load of interior machine circular.When the delivery temperature Td of running compressor was raised to the higher limit of delivery temperature, program was the S=1 state with the S status indication, so that enter second branch of refrigeration program at next control cycle.
The delivery temperature Td that outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 10 second branch will handle the running compressor that first branch occurs meets or exceeds the problem of higher limit, at this moment will improve outdoor machine fan speed by shelves, if raising wind speed through several control cycles, the delivery temperature Td of compressor does not fall after rise yet, be the S=2 state then, so that enter the 3rd branch of program at next control cycle with the S status indication.
Outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 10 the 3rd branch will handle the problem that delivery temperature Td meets or exceeds higher limit, at this moment will lower the total existing load of outdoor machine set compressor by shelves, if attenuating load through several control cycles, the delivery temperature Td of compressor does not fall after rise yet, be the S=3 state then, so that enter the 4th branch of program at next control cycle with the S status indication.
Outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 10 the 4th branch will continue to handle the problem that delivery temperature Td meets or exceeds higher limit, at this moment with internal machine state table, going on foot with 280 is the upper limit, each control cycle increases by 20 steps to the circular aperture of organic electronic expansion valve in each, and upgrade machine circular aperture numerical value in each, notify simultaneously the indoor set controller show " timesharing start in machine! " indicate actual loading with mitigation system.
Under the cooling condition, in back three branches of outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 10, the delivery temperature Td that whenever detects the running compressor is when being lower than higher limit, and program is the S=0 state with the S status indication automatically, makes it to get back at next control cycle first branch of control program.Meet in above-mentioned four branches, all directly the outer machine fans drive instruction of existing wind speed output is instructed, pressed to outer 500 steps of organic electronic expansion valve of output to each control cycle, and will pass to compressor controller under the existing load, outer machine S state and interior machine state table data down transmission be given ready interior machine controller, removed " ready " sign in the interior machine state table, for next control cycle is prepared.
As shown in figure 11, outdoor controller of the present invention is in each cycle of heating condition control in real time, to detect at first that off-premises station heat exchanger turnover wind-warm syndrome is poor, the degree of superheat of calculating outer machine heat exchanger, the accumulative total circular load that machines are uploaded in all and deposit the Load unit in, the outer machine S state value of affirmation then.
Under the heating condition, outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11 also has four branches, five outer machine S state values under the corresponding heating condition.
First kind of S state of heating condition, it is the S=4 state, it also is the init state of heating condition, be meant that the suction temperature Ts of running compressor is not less than the normal condition of suction temperature lower limit, perhaps outdoor controller need not the accumulative total load of machine circular in all is limited, outdoor unit is implemented control routinely, at this moment, outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11 first branch will determine " the existing wind speed " of outdoor unit fan according to the degree of superheat of off-premises station heat exchanger turnover wind-warm syndrome difference and heat exchanger " the calculating aperture " with the outer organic electronic expansion valve of PID counting chamber according to " heating load/anemometer " listed numerical value; When the accumulative total load of machine circular in all rose to the load higher limit, outer machine controller control program was replaced existing load value with the load higher limit, otherwise existing load value is replaced in the accumulative total load of interior machine circular.When the suction temperature Ts of running compressor was lower than the lower limit of suction temperature, program was the S=5 state with the S status indication, so that enter second branch of the program of heating at next control cycle
The suction temperature Ts that outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11 second branch will handle the running compressor that first branch occurs reaches or is lower than the phenomenon of the lower limit of suction temperature, at this moment will improve outdoor machine fan speed by shelves, if raising wind speed through several control cycles, the suction temperature Ts of compressor does not rise yet, be the S=6 state then, so that enter the 3rd branch of program at next control cycle with the S status indication.
Outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11 the 3rd branch will handle the phenomenon that suction temperature Ts reaches or be lower than the lower limit of suction temperature, at this moment will lower the total existing load of outdoor machine set compressor by shelves, if attenuating load through several control cycles, the suction temperature Ts of compressor does not rise yet, be the S=7 state then, so that enter the 4th branch of program at next control cycle with the S status indication.
Outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11 the 4th branch will continue to handle the phenomenon that suction temperature Ts reaches or be lower than the lower limit of suction temperature, at this moment with internal machine state table, going on foot with 280 is the upper limit, each control cycle added for 20 steps to the circular aperture of organic electronic expansion valve in each, and upgrade " calculating aperture " numerical value of machine in each, notify simultaneously the indoor set controller show " timesharing start in machine! " indicate actual loading with mitigation system, if the indoor set electronic expansion valve opening met or exceeded for 280 steps, then carry out " removing frost " and handle, be the S=8 state with the S status indication, " removing frost " handles not shown in the drawings.
Under the heating condition, the meet of second, third branch shown in Figure 11 will pass in and out " the calculating aperture " of the degree of superheat of wind-warm syndrome difference and heat exchanger with the outer organic electronic expansion valve of PID counting chamber according to the off-premises station heat exchanger.
In back three branches of outer machine controller control program shown in Figure 11, the delivery temperature Td that whenever detects the running compressor is when being higher than higher limit, program is the S=4 state with the S status indication automatically, makes it to get back at next control cycle first branch of heating condition control program.
Meet in above-mentioned four branches, outer machine controller control program will calculate aperture substitute existing aperture, by the directly outer machine fans drive instruction of output of existing wind speed, by existing aperture directly the outer organic electronic expansion valve of output drive instruction, will pass to compressor controller under the existing load, with off-premises station S state value and interior machine state table data down transmission to ready interior machine controller, " ready " sign in the machine state table in removing at last is for next control cycle is prepared.
System enters the overshoot phase when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) simultaneously when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller adopts overshoot phase control method, be total load and each temperature detection data of off-premises station that load that outdoor controller is uploaded according to each indoor set controller gathers the gained system, select the working method of off-premises station automatically; Enter the overshoot phase simultaneously when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller calls four kinds of steps successively, promptly improve outdoor machine fan speed, reduce the existing load of compressor, increase the indoor and outdoor electronic expansion valve opening and submit user time-sharing use indoor set to or carry out " removing frost " and handle,, system is adjusted in the normal operating limit; Outdoor controller is directly adjusted outdoor fan speed and electronic expansion valve opening; To pass to compressor controller under the adjusted existing load; With adjusted indoor electronic expansion valve opening or to data down transmissions such as user's prompting and the existing adjustment states of outer machine to the indoor set controller; Make system can follow the variation of cooling and heating load fast like this, prevented that again overshoot is excessive, improved the efficient of heat pump operation;
The control circuit of the indoor set controller of the described first embodiment control system comprises electronic expansion valve-driving circuit, fan drive circuit and temp probe, change between 1 grade to 4 grades in order to turnover wind-warm syndrome degree, the heat exchanger import and export pipeline temperature of surveying the indoor units heat exchanger and the rotating speed of controlling indoor machine fan, the aperture from 0 to 500 of control electric expansion valve changes going on foot promptly from the full cut-off to the standard-sized sheet, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2, the indoor set controller of the described first embodiment control system is by the real-time communication circuit, and not only with outdoor controller was connected but also was connected with indoor Remote Control Indicator separately.
As shown in Figure 8, each indoor set controller of the present invention has been set up " interior machine status bar " record unit as communication/control in order to communicate with outdoor controller and Remote Control Indicator." interior machine status bar " comprising: interior machine numbering, setting load, circular load, circular aperture, mode of operation, outer machine S state value, computational load, calculating aperture, heat exchanger turnover wind-warm syndrome degree and condensation/vaporization temperature, user's design temperature, interior machine wind speed and off-premises station go contents such as frost sign.
As shown in figure 12, in each control cycle of each indoor set controller of the present invention, all to read in user's operating command, confirm mode of operation, detect interior each temperature spot of machine, outside machine is uploaded " ready " sign and directly export interior machine fans drive instruction by the keyboard of Remote Control Indicator.
All design temperature, timesharing start or stop all indoor units respectively, when any indoor set starts, this indoor set controller can be set one period overshoot phase for it and follow the variation of indoor cooling and heating load fast, in preceding half period of overshoot phase under the heating condition with A times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with B times of computational load, in time second half section overshoot phase under the heating condition with C times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with D times of computational load, wherein A＞B 〉=C＞D＞1; Then wind-warm syndrome was poor, the degree of superheat or the degree of supercooling computational load of heat exchanger according to passing in and out after the overshoot phase finished; Load under all situations all is uploaded to outdoor controller, the total load that gathers computing system by outdoor controller, and, select to enter the compression machine number of work and the method for operation of minimum capacity compressor automatically by compressor controller to pass to compressor controller under the existing load numerical value;
As shown in figure 12, under the cooling condition, judge whether to be in the refrigeration overshoot phase by program in each control cycle of indoor set controller of the present invention, implement the load calculation control of overshoot phase: before the overshoot phase, calculate required loads with 2 times of nominal load in half period, more than half backs of overshoot phase are with 1.5 times of required loads of calculating of nominal load, and the overshoot phase is interior with the required aperture of the degree of superheat with organic electronic expansion valve in the PID counting chamber; Outside the overshoot phase, the indoor set director demon is the temperature difference in the counting chamber successively then; Calculate the degree of superheat; With PID computational load and calculating aperture.
Subsequently, under the cooling condition, machine status bar in the relevant data that the indoor set controller passes outdoor controller down upgrades, when off-premises station S state is 0, computational load, calculating aperture are deposited in circular load, the circular aperture unit of " interior machine status bar ", when off-premises station S state greater than 0 the time, the situation of will dividing is handled: if outer machine S=3, then show " timesharing starts interior machine! "; If computational load＜circular load then deposits computational load in the circular load unit; If calculate aperture＞circular aperture, then will calculate aperture and deposit circular aperture unit in.
After this, under the cooling condition, the organic electronic expansion valve drove instruction in the indoor set controller was directly exported by the circular aperture; Preceding 5 contents of machine status bar are prepared for entering next control cycle in off-premises station is uploaded.
As shown in figure 13, under the heating condition, judge whether to be in by program in each control cycle of indoor set controller of the present invention and heat in the overshoot phase, enforcement heats the load calculation control of overshoot phase: calculate required loads with 2.5 times of nominal load in half period before the overshoot phase, required loads are calculated with 2 times of nominal load in more than half backs of overshoot phase; Outside the overshoot phase, the indoor set director demon is the temperature difference in the counting chamber successively then; Calculate degree of supercooling; With PID computational load and calculating aperture.
Subsequently, under the heating condition, machine status bar in the relevant data that the indoor set controller passes outdoor controller down upgrades, when off-premises station S state is 0, the computational load value is deposited in the circular load of " interior machine status bar ", when off-premises station S state greater than 0 the time, the situation of will dividing is handled: if outer machine S=7, then show " timesharing starts interior machine! "; If outer machine S=8 then shows " removing frost " sign; If computational load＜circular load then deposits computational load in the circular load unit.
After this, under the heating condition, the organic electronic expansion valve drove instruction in the indoor set controller was directly exported by 500 step circular apertures; Preceding 5 contents of machine status bar are prepared for entering next control cycle in off-premises station is uploaded.
Described first each Remote Control Indicator of embodiment control system is connected with corresponding interior machine controller by the real-time communication circuit.Described Remote Control Indicator comprises input keyboard and display screen, Remote Control Indicator can be by the erasable mode initialization system of on-the-spot online electricity operational factor, as the indoor set nominal load, overshoot phase length, the overshoot multiple, system's suction and discharge temperature range, data such as minimum capacity compressor pulse mode dutycycle, with configuration and the running environment characteristics that adapt to indoor and outdoor machine, Remote Control Indicator is uploaded to the indoor set controller with these parameters and user's operational order of being accepted, the user can be to each indoor set difference design temperature by input keyboard, timesharing starts or stops, the real-time explicit user operational order of Remote Control Indicator, machine running status and some system status parameters within the indoor set controller passes down, as shown in Figure 2.
The described improvement that the present invention carries out the structure of gas-liquid separator is for overcoming the defective of known gas-liquid separator possibility dispensing liquid cold-producing medium or lubricating oil.
The output pipe of known gas-liquid separator adopts U type structure; its U pipe bottom is near the bottom position of gas-liquid separator; and offer spill port in minimum pipe portion; suck near this spill port lubricating oil for compressor; but if gas-liquid separator has accumulated a certain amount of liquid refrigerant or lubricating oil; especially shut down when restarting through certain period when system; liquid refrigerant or lubricating oil may fill the output pipe of certain-length; before the liquid refrigerant evaporation, sucked and do Wet Compression, damage compressor by compressor.
As shown in Figure 3, the described second embodiment control system is only used a Remote Control Indicator, is connected with outdoor controller by the real-time communication circuit.Described Remote Control Indicator comprises input keyboard and display screen, Remote Control Indicator can be by the erasable mode initialization system of on-the-spot online electricity operational factor, as data such as indoor set nominal load, overshoot phase length, overshoot multiple, system's suction and discharge temperature range, minimum capacity compressor pulse mode dutycycles, with configuration and the running environment characteristics that adapt to indoor and outdoor machine, Remote Control Indicator is uploaded to outdoor controller with these parameters and user's operational order of being accepted, again by passing to corresponding indoor set controller under the outdoor controller; The input keyboard of user by Remote Control Indicator can to each indoor set respectively design temperature, timesharing start or stop, the real-time explicit user operational order of Remote Control Indicator, timesharing show running status and some system status parameters of each indoor set.Described second embodiment is applicable to the occasion of unit in the centralized Control multi-room.
The heat power engineering system structure sketch of the third embodiment of the present invention and corresponding control system structure sketch and flow chart all do not illustrate, itself and first, the difference of second embodiment is: compressor bank in parallel is made of four different invariable frequency compressors of capacity, the compressor that has promptly increased a 12HP is as the heap(ed) capacity compressor, like this, the modification scope of variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines has covered each the different load capacity from 1HP to 23HP by 23 steps, and corresponding control system program and state of a control/coding schedule only need to do simply to expand to get final product according to the principle of first embodiment of the invention control system program.
From the above description obviously as seen, according to system configuration disclosed in this invention and control method, variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines has realized not producing the load regulation of electric current higher hamonic wave or electromagnetic radiation, compressor has advantages such as the little and quick oil return of starting current, electric expansion valve is regulated refrigerant flow automatically, but each indoor set timesharing starts, the difference design temperature, system can follow the variation of cooling and heating load fast in the overshoot phase, can prevent automatically that again overshoot is excessive, reach energy-conservation, efficient, simple, the reliable multipurpose of heat pump.
Though enumerated three kinds of embodiment of the present invention for illustrative purposes, under the situation of those skilled in the art disclosed technical scope and essence in not breaking away from claims of the present invention, can make various increases and decreases, replacement or adjustment.
Claims (8)
1. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines comprises by invariable frequency compressor group, heat exchanger, four-way change-over valve, gas-liquid separator, a table oil separator, the outdoor unit that reservoir, fan, electric expansion valve are formed; Some the indoor sets of forming by heat exchanger, fan, electric expansion valve; The system controller of forming by an outdoor controller and compressor controller, several indoor set controllers, several Remote Control Indicators; It is characterized in that
Described invariable frequency compressor group comprises the invariable frequency compressor of some different capabilities, by measure the incremental order numbering; Each compressor low-pressure end is parallel to the delivery trunk of gas-liquid separator; The high-pressure side of each compressor both had been parallel to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator respectively by magnetic valve, be parallel to the input house steward of oil eliminator again respectively by check valve; Before any compressor started, its high-pressure side was switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator by magnetic valve, and after the machine soft start several seconds to be compressed, this magnetic valve returns to off-state; The startup of magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor is controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly.
2. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that
Described gas-liquid separator can be realized heating in advance at low temperatures, promptly earlier a few compressor high-pressure sides are switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator by magnetic valve, treat described compressor start and with compression hot gas to gas-liquid separator carry out heated some seconds after, described magnetic valve returns to off-state; The start and stop of described magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor are controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly.
3. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that
Every compressor all can realize quickening oil return, promptly earlier certain compressor high-pressure side is switched to the input house steward of gas-liquid separator by magnetic valve, and after machine to be compressed started and quickens to suck the lubricating oil of gas-liquid separator bottom, this magnetic valve returned to off-state; The start and stop of described magnetic valve length turn-on time and compressor are controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller constantly.
4. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that
System realizes flexible scheduling to load capacity, promptly when existing load is risen, by the compressor of the big sequence starting respective volume in earlier little back, when existing load descends, by the compressor of first big after small orderly close-down respective volume; The flexible scheduling of load capacity is controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller.
5. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that
System selects the minimum capacity compressor to press the pulse mode start and stop, regulate the load capacity of heat pump more subtly, various capacity to described compressor are encoded with binary numeral, whether coding lowest order direct representation minimum capacity compressor need be with the mode start and stop of pulsation, variation tendency according to existing load determines to allow or forbid the minimum capacity compressor with the pulse mode start and stop, and the pulse mode start and stop of compressor are controlled by the instruction of outdoor controller.
6. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 1, described indoor set controller comprise the plurality of temperature probe; Electronic expansion valve-driving circuit and fan drive circuit in the direct drive chamber of indoor set controller is characterized in that
Described indoor set controller adopts the overshoot control method, be that any indoor set is when starting, this indoor set controller accepts that Remote Control Indicator is uploaded or outdoor controller down behind user's operational order of biography, set one period overshoot phase, to follow the variation of indoor cooling and heating load fast, in preceding half period of overshoot phase under the heating condition with A times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with B times of computational load, in time second half section overshoot phase under the heating condition with C times of computational load of this indoor set nominal load, under the cooling condition with D times of computational load, wherein A＞B 〉=C＞D＞1; Then wind-warm syndrome was poor, the degree of superheat or the degree of supercooling computational load of heat exchanger according to passing in and out after the overshoot phase finished; Calculating aperture poor under the cooling condition, degree of supercooling is calculated electric expansion valve by " PID pid algorithm " with this indoor set turnover wind-warm syndrome; The aperture of electric expansion valve is a standard-sized sheet under the heating condition; Load under all situations and aperture all are uploaded to outdoor controller, gather the total load of computing system by outdoor controller, and to pass to compressor controller under the existing load numerical value; The instruction of biography under the outdoor controller is accepted and be controlled by to the indoor set controller.
7. variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines according to claim 6, described outdoor controller comprise the plurality of temperature probe; The direct drive chamber of outdoor controller exoelectron expansion valve drive circuit and fan drive circuit is characterized in that
Described outdoor controller adopts overshoot phase control method, i.e. the outdoor controller load of uploading according to each indoor set controller gathers total load and each temperature detection data of off-premises station of gained system, selects the working method of off-premises station automatically; Enter the overshoot phase simultaneously when making system's suction and discharge temperature exceed normal range (NR) when some indoor sets occurring, outdoor controller calls four kinds of steps successively, promptly improve outdoor machine fan speed, reduce the existing load of compressor, increase the indoor and outdoor electronic expansion valve opening and submit to user time-sharing to use indoor set, system is adjusted in the normal operating limit; Outdoor controller is directly adjusted outdoor fan speed and electronic expansion valve opening; To pass to compressor controller under the adjusted existing load; Give the indoor set controller with adjusted indoor electronic expansion valve opening or to user's prompting and outer machine current state data down transmission.
8. according to claim 1 or 6 or 7 described variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines, described Remote Control Indicator comprises input keyboard and display screen, it is characterized in that
Remote Control Indicator can be set indoor set nominal load, overshoot phase, overshoot multiple, system's suction and discharge temperature range, minimum capacity compressor pulse mode dutycycle by the erasable mode of on-the-spot online electricity, with the configuration and the running environment characteristics of adaptive system, Remote Control Indicator is uploaded to indoor set controller or outdoor controller with these parameters and user's operational order of being accepted; The user is by input keyboard can design temperature, timesharing start or stop the real-time explicit user operational order of Remote Control Indicator, indoor set running status and some system status parameters respectively to each indoor set.
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| CNB2005100787889A CN100339666C (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2005-06-22 | Variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines |
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| CN200410059923.0 | 2004-06-22 | ||
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| CNB2005100787889A CN100339666C (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2005-06-22 | Variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines |
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| KR101067550B1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-09-27 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Air conditioning system and the method of controlling the same |
| CN103344019A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-09 | 李隆 | All-in-one heat pump air conditioner system and method thereof |
| CN103307679A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 李隆 | Low-energy-consumption heat pump air-conditioning device and method thereof |
| CN103307809A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 李隆 | Multifunctional heat pump air-conditioning system and method thereof |
| CN108224849B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-08-07 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Oil return control method for air conditioner |
| CN114911286B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-07-07 | 江苏拓米洛高端装备股份有限公司 | PID control coefficient determining method, device, equipment and medium |
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| US4586351A (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1986-05-06 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat pump with multiple compressors |
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