CN100339006C - 一种寡酸肥药液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种寡酸肥药液及其制备方法，涉及一种含有丰富的生物性植物营养元素、防治植物疾病的寡酸肥药液及其制备方法；是为了解决目前没有既可营养作物又可防治病菌的药肥的问题，其组分中寡糖素0.2～0.5%、氨基甲酸乙酯0.2～1%、氨基酸1～10%、黄腐酸2～10%、碳酰铵5～15%、磷酸二氢钾6～18%、硫酸镁8～35%、硼酸5～15%、硫酸锌8～24%、钼酸铵0.2～1%、硫酸铜4～12%、硫酸锰4～12%、硒1～3%、铬1～3%、EDTA0.3～1%、醋酸0.2～1%，分三步依次加入各种组分混合搅拌反应，其病菌防效率达到88.39%、增产率达到20%以上，适用于农作物的生长发育周期防病及补充营养。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植物药肥，特别涉及一种含有丰富的生物性植物营养元素、防治植物疾病的寡酸肥药液。
背景技术
在农作物生长过程中，土壤里的病菌、种子基因里的遗传病菌等，都会影响作物的生长发育，导致作物生理机能失调，使作物抵抗力降低，诱发和加重植物传染病源基因的发作，引发病害，造成农作物的减产。而现有的农作物防治药物存在毒性大、不易降解，易随作物进入人体，存在人体中毒的危害，而且药物不能同时增强作物营养；一般的作物肥料又不具备防治植物疾病的功效。因此，还没有一种无毒性、无公害，既能杀灭作物病菌，又能全面增加营养，增产增质的药物肥料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为用户提供一种药肥合一、杀菌除病、营养全面、标本兼治，无毒性、无公害的寡酸肥药液。
本发明的另一个目的是提供制备具有上述特性的寡酸肥药液的方法。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案来实现的：
一种寡酸肥药液，包含有如下重量百分比的组分：
寡糖素 0.2～0.5％ 氨基甲酸乙酯 0.2～1％
氨基酸 1～10％ 黄腐酸 2～10％
碳酰铵 5～15％ 磷酸二氢钾 6～18％
硫酸镁 8～35％ 硼酸 5～15％
硫酸锌 8～24％ 钼酸铵或钼酸钠 0.2～1％
硫酸铜 4～12％ 硫酸锰 4～12％
硒 1～3％ 铬 1～3％
EDTA 0.3～1％ 醋酸 0.2～1％
其中的寡糖素是20世纪70年代发现的一种具有生物活性的寡糖，对于植物生长发育的影响显著。植物细胞壁中一些寡糖片段能诱导植保素(phytoalexin)的形成，它们还对其它生理过程有调节作用，这种具有调节活性的寡糖片断称为寡糖素(oligosaccharin)。
例如将一种庚葡萄糖苷寡糖素施加于大豆细胞时，会使负责合成抑制霉菌生长的抗菌素的基因活化而产生抗菌素。多种寡糖素的功能复杂多样，如有的作为蛋白酶抑制剂诱导因子，在植物抵抗病虫害中起作用；有的寡糖素可使植物产生过敏性死亡，使得病原物不能进一步扩散；还有的寡糖素参与调控植物的形态。因此，在本发明中加入寡糖素有利于提高农作物的抗病能力。而且寡糖素为纯生物制剂，环境相容性好，在环境中易分解，无残留影响，对环境和生态平衡无不良影响，而且不易引起植物抗药性。
EDTA是乙二胺四乙酸，主要用作金属离子的螯合剂。
上述的药液中还包含重量百分比为1～2％的正丁醇，为稳定剂。
一种寡酸肥药液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1).将氨基酸、黄腐酸、磷酸二氢钾、硼酸、钼酸铵、碳酰铵、硫酸锌、硫酸镁、硫酸铜按重量百分比混合溶解备用；
(2).将硫酸锰、硒、铬按重量百分比混合溶解，再加入EDTA进行鳌合反应备用；
(3).将上述两步制备的物品进行混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸、寡糖素、氨基甲酸乙酯，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇进行稳定，然后用苛性钠调PH值为3.5～8即得产品。
本发明的有益效果是，组分中含有具有生物杀菌除病元素及各种营养物质，为含有寡糖素、氨基甲酸乙酯、氨基酸、黄腐酸、氮、磷、钾、锌、镁、硼、钼、硫、锰、铜、硒、铬等大、中、微、稀有元素合一体的增效渗透、标本兼治的药肥液，避免了单一功能而只杀菌除病或只有肥效不能杀菌除病的弊端，既可杀菌除病，又可补充作物营养。
而在制备方法中，药肥重量百分比确定后，若简单地把各种原料溶解混合，不按其分子结构进行聚合，会产生沉淀、分层或变成乳浊液，最终产品会不稳定而失去它的双重功效，使作物不能全面完整地吸收。因此，本发明的另一有益效果是，充分利用络合剂、螯合剂、缓冲剂、分子渗透及稳定剂的作用，得到经稀释20倍和严格的低温及热贮检验规则均合格的深色或褐色液体，作用能够快速完全地吸收。配制中加入的寡糖素、氨基甲酸乙酯、氨基酸、醋酸、EDTA、正丁醇等除有络合、鳌合、分子离子渗透聚合、缓冲、掩蔽等作用外，对各种作物全面吸收营养物质还起到了促进作用；寡糖素、氨基酸络合物还能杀死各类作物的病菌、诱杀病菌基因，促进作物发育生长；黄腐酸、正丁醇络合物还能氧化还原能力，具有稳定生理活性的特效。
本发明从提高作物生理机能着手，选择生物前沿的寡糖素，配以其他原料来源广的能够全面补充作物营养的组分，具有无毒性、无公害、标本兼治、防病营养的双重功效，而且成本低廉。
本发明配制科学，效果显著，经过2万多亩各类作物的喷施，有效地证明：施用本发明对各类作物的病菌有奇特杀灭作用，防效率达74.22％～88.39％：能使作物全面吸收营养，达到各类作物增产10％～38％左右，提高作物的品质，达到了标本兼治、防病营养的双重功效。
附图说明
图1是本发明的配制工艺流程示意图；
图2是本发明的田间试验结果数据对照表。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1：如图1所示，按重量百分比将氨基酸10％、黄腐酸5％、磷酸二氢钾15％、硼酸10％、硫酸镁15％、钼酸铵1％、硫酸锌10％、碳酰铵7％、硫酸铜10％以1∶3～10的水溶解混合反应，过滤后备用；按重量百分比将硫酸锰10％、硒2％、铬2％分别以1∶3～7的水溶解混合进入反应釜，然后再按重量百分比加入1％的EDTA进行鳌合。
然后将上述两步制备的物品混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸0.2％、寡糖素0.3％、氨基甲酸乙酯0.5％，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇1％，进行搅拌稳定，最后由苛性钠调PH值在3.5～8均可，经过化验，进行重量控制，即得产品。
制得的产品投入使用的对照结果如图2所示的表格，在四个乡镇分别以施加本发明得到的产品为一组、未施加任何产品的为对照组，部分乡镇还添加了施加其他产品如麦棉灵等产品的一组，结果调查病穗数及其严重度等统计数据，得到防效率最高达到88.39％，增产率最高达到22.5％的良好结果，这表明利用本发明得到的产品施加给作物，具有防病营养、增产增收的双重功效。
实施例2：如图1所示，按重量百分比将氨基酸5％、黄腐酸5％、磷酸二氢钾15％、硼酸5％、硫酸镁25％、钼酸钠0.2％、碳酰铵10％、硫酸锌8％、硫酸铜6％以1∶3～10的水溶解混合反应，过滤后备用；按重量百分比将硫酸锰12％、硒1％、铬3％分别以1∶3～7的水溶解混合进入反应釜，然后再按重量百分比加入0.5％的EDTA进行鳌合。
然后将上述两步制备的物品混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸0.5％、寡糖素0.5％、氨基甲酸乙酯0.3％，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇2％作稳定剂、肥料增效剂如氮酮1％，进行搅拌稳定，最后由苛性钠调PH值在3.5～8均可，经过化验，进行重量控制，即得产品。
实施例3：如图1所示，按重量百分比将氨基酸2％、黄腐酸9％、磷酸二氢钾10％、硼酸8％、硫酸镁16％、钼酸钠0.5％、碳酰铵13％、硫酸锌15％、硫酸铜5％以1∶3～10的水溶解混合反应，过滤后备用；按重量百分比将硫酸锰12％、硒2％、铬2％分别以1∶3～7的水溶解混合进入反应釜，然后再按重量百分比加入0.5％的EDTA进行鳌合。
然后将上述两步制备的物品混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸1％、寡糖素0.3％、氨基甲酸乙酯0.7％，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇2％作稳定剂，增效剂氮酮1％，进行搅拌稳定，最后由苛性钠调PH值在3.5～8均可，经过化验，进行重量控制，即得产品。
实施例4：如图1所示，按重量百分比将氨基酸9％、黄腐酸5％、磷酸二氢钾6％、硼酸13％、硫酸镁20％、钼酸钠1％、碳酰铵8％、硫酸锌12％、硫酸铜8％以1∶3～10的水溶解混合反应，过滤后备用；按重量百分比将硫酸锰8％、硒2％、铬2％分别以1∶3～7的水溶解混合进入反应釜，然后再按重量百分比加入1％的EDTA进行鳌合。
然后将上述两步制备的物品混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸1％、寡糖素0.3％、氨基甲酸乙酯0.7％，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇2％作稳定剂，增效剂氮酮1％，进行搅拌稳定，最后由苛性钠调PH值在3.5～8均可，经过化验，进行重量控制，即得产品。
实施例5：如图1所示，按重量百分比将氨基酸5％、黄腐酸3％、磷酸二氢钾15％、硼酸8％、硫酸镁32％、钼酸钠0.5％、碳酰铵6％、硫酸锌9％、硫酸铜8％以1∶3～10的水溶解混合反应，过滤后备用；按重量百分比将硫酸锰6％、硒3％、铬1％分别以1∶3～7的水溶解混合进入反应釜，然后再按重量百分比加入1％的EDTA进行鳌合。
然后将上述两步制备的物品混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸0.5％、寡糖素0.5％、氨基甲酸乙酯0.5％，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇1.5％作稳定剂，增效剂氮酮0.5％，进行搅拌稳定，最后由苛性钠调PH值在3.5～8均可，经过化验，进行重量控制，即得产品。
Claims (3)
1、一种寡酸肥药液，其特征在于：所述的药液包含如下重量百分比的组分，
寡糖素 0.2～0.5％ 氨基甲酸乙酯 0.2～1％
氨基酸 1～10％ 黄腐酸 2～10％
碳酰铵 5～15％ 磷酸二氢钾 6～18％
硫酸镁 8～35％ 硼酸 5～15％
硫酸锌 8～24％ 钼酸铵或钼酸钠 0.2～1％
硫酸铜 4～12％ 硫酸锰 4～12％
硒 1～3％ 铬 1～3％
EDTA 0.3～1％ 醋酸 0.2～1％。
2、如权利要求1所述的一种寡酸肥药液，其特征在于：所述的药液中还包含重量百分比为1～2％的正丁醇。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的一种寡酸肥药液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备方法采用如下步骤，
a.将氨基酸、黄腐酸、磷酸二氢钾、硼酸、碳酰铵、钼酸铵或钼酸钠、硫酸锌、硫酸镁、硫酸铜按重量百分比混合溶解备用；
b.将硫酸锰、硒、铬按重量百分比混合溶解，再加入EDTA进行鳌合反应备用；
c.将上述两步制备的物品进行混合搅拌反应，再按重量百分比加入醋酸、寡糖素、氨基甲酸乙酯，再按重量百分比加入正丁醇进行稳定，然后用苛性钠调PH值为3.5～8即得产品。
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| CN1182145C (zh) * | 2002-02-28 | 2004-12-29 | 胡健 | β－1，3葡聚寡糖素及应用 |
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| CN1182145C (zh) * | 2002-02-28 | 2004-12-29 | 胡健 | β－1，3葡聚寡糖素及应用 |
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