CN100338254C - In-situ preparation method of ultra-fine grained metal carbide ceramic coating - Google Patents
In-situ preparation method of ultra-fine grained metal carbide ceramic coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN100338254C CN100338254C CNB2006100116465A CN200610011646A CN100338254C CN 100338254 C CN100338254 C CN 100338254C CN B2006100116465 A CNB2006100116465 A CN B2006100116465A CN 200610011646 A CN200610011646 A CN 200610011646A CN 100338254 C CN100338254 C CN 100338254C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for in-situ preparation of an ultra-thin grain carbide ceramic coating layer, which belongs to the technology of the ultra-thin grain carbide ceramic coating layer. The present invention is characterized in that large impact current is used to internally, rapidly and uniformly heat spraying material so that the spraying material is rapidly heated within 50 mu s to 100 mu s so that the temperature of the spraying material is higher than the melting point of the spraying material; components of the spraying material react chemically at very high temperature to directly generate molten micro carbide ceramic particles; high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by discharge-induced explosion in a spraying gun pushes the molten particles to move at high speed from the bottom of the spraying gun to the muzzle of the spraying gun; after the molten particles strike a basal body, the molten particles are rapidly solidified to form a coating layer. The average grain size of the coating layer can be less than one mu m; when spraying thickness of one single time is less than fifteen mu m, a coating layer of which the grain size is less than five hundred nm can be obtained. The present invention has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, metallurgical bonding between the coating layer and the basal body and large thickness of the coating layer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technology of ultra-fine brilliant carbide ceramics coating, the preparation method who particularly provides a kind of original position to generate ultra-fine brilliant metal carbide ceramic coating adopts electrothermal explosion ultra-high speed spraying method original position to generate carbide cermet.
Technical background
Metal carbide ceramic coating and carbide-metal composite coating have the excellent abrasive energy, have purposes widely in manufacturing, processing and the reparation of and national defense industry field wear parts civilian in electric power, metallurgy, petrochemical complex, automobile, papermaking, aerospace etc.
The limitation of traditional preparation process carbide ceramics and ceramic/metal compound coating hot-spraying techniques is:
1, need utilize prefabricated ceramic powder, ceramic phase is blended in the spraying starting material (powder, silk etc.) to add the compound mode usually, must adopt high temperature heat source heating ceramic powder.
2, adopt conventional hot spray process to prepare carbide ceramics and ceramic/metal compound coating and have that material cost height, spraying condition harshness, ceramic phase particles are thick, ceramic/metal interface vulnerable to pollution, coating performance is relatively poor, and (porosity height, coating and matrix are mechanical bond, bonding strength is tens MPa only) etc. limitation, greatly limited the application and the popularization of carbide ceramics coating.For example, HVOF is because flame temperature only about 3000K, only can spray the WC-Co ceramic powder; Though and plasma spraying method can melt high-melting-point ceramic powder such as TiC, processing parameter is difficult to control, and ceramic powder easily loses carbon or oxidation in heat-processed.For TiC and with the coating of metal composite because the TiC wettability is relatively poor, adopt the traditional hot spraying technology to be difficult to obtain the coating of superior performance.
The reaction thermal spraying technology is a kind of technology for preparing the ceramic/metal compound coating that development in recent years is got up, it can combine the reaction in synthetic technology (also claiming " from spreading the high temperature synthetic technology ") of material with hot-spraying techniques, one step of synthetic and deposition of coated material is finished.But existing reaction thermal spraying technology needs still to have following limitation by existing hot-spraying techniques (flame plating or plasma spraying):
1, utilizes high temperature heat source rapid heating dusty spray,, must utilize and strong exothermal reaction (as TiC) takes place between constituent element could form the carbide ceramics phase because the time that powder stops in the high-temperature zone is short; (as W-C, Mo-C etc.) then are difficult to form ceramic phase for the constituent element with weak thermopositive reaction.
2, owing to utilize transient high temperature thermal source hot spraying powder, be difficult at short period of time fusing refractory metal and synthetic refractory carbide ceramic coating, as WC, TaC, ZrC, NbC etc.
3, spraying particle velocity is subjected to the restriction of existing hot-spraying techniques, and the velocity of particle of plasma spraying is generally less than 600m/s, and the velocity of particle of HVOF spraying is generally less than 1000m/s, and the velocity of particle of flame plating then is lower than 100m/s; So gained coating and matrix are generally mechanical bond; Key index such as coating porosity, bonding strength is difficult to improve.
4, general simple and mechanical powder mix or the reunion powder (adding a spot of organic binder bond granulates) of adopting of reaction thermal spraying powder, it reacts the constituent element separate easily under the effect of high speed flame stream, cause a suitable constituent element powder can't finish reaction, can cause that coated component is inhomogeneous, coating quality is unstable.
5, existing at present reaction thermal spraying legal system is equipped with the report of TiC ceramic on metal compound coating technology, and the shared mass ratio of ceramic phase generally is lower than 50% in the coating, can not obtain the carbonization thing ceramic phase coating of high rigidity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of original position to generate the preparation method of ultra-fine brilliant metal carbide ceramic coating, spray original position to generate carbide ceramics by the electrothermal explosion ultra-high speed.Solve the technological difficulties that existing hot-spraying techniques is difficult for preparation carbide ceramics (particularly can not original position generate the refractory carbide ceramic coating); The advantage that have that cost is low, easy to operate, coating and matrix reaches metallurgical binding, coat-thickness is big.
Different with existing reaction thermal spraying method is, the present invention utilizes heavy impulse current (amplitude of first half-wave of heavy impulse current waveform is in the 50-250kA scope) that spray material is carried out rapid and uniform heating in the body (method of gas thermal source to the external heating of spray material adopted in other thermospray mostly), make spray material (tinsel and carbon dust) in 50-100 μ s, be rapidly heated to the temperature that is higher than its fusing point, and make constituent element issue biochemical reaction directly to generate fused carbide ceramics molecule in excessive temperature, the high temperature and high pressure gas that produces by electrical explosion in the spray gun promote melt granules from the spray gun bottom to the muzzle high-speed motion, form the coating of rapid solidification behind the bump matrix.The coating average grain size can be less than 1 μ m, when single coating thickness during less than 15 μ m, can obtain the coating of grain-size less than 500nm.Concrete technology is as follows:
1, adopts tinsel parcel carbon dust, make powder core silk.In order to form the carbide ceramics phase, must recently calculate the mass percent of tinsel and carbon by the atom of metal and carbon in the carbide molecular formula.If the molecular formula of carbide is M
xC
y(M represents metal), then in the powder core silk,
The shared mass ratio of tinsel is
The shared mass ratio of carbon is
In the following formula, A
mThe nucleidic mass of expression metal, A
cThe nucleidic mass of expression carbon.The granularity of carbon dust all can at 1-10 μ m.The thickness of tinsel in the 30-120 mu m range all can, the cross section of powder core silk can be divided into two kinds of circular section or square-sections, its cross-sectional area is at 0.5-3mm
2Scope.Effective spraying length of powder core silk is in the 45-130mm scope.
2, powder core silk is disposed in the electrothermal explosion spray gun.Powder core silk places the spray gun bottom, and its two ends are connected respectively with the electrode of the interior thorax of spray gun bottom, and with ceramic press strip powder core silk two ends are contacted well with electrode.The main effect of spray gun is that the confined explosion particulate disperses, makes sprayed particle to do approximate motion in one dimension at spray gun muzzle place to the edge.Two outer electrodes of spray gun are connected with the high and low pressure side of the discharge loop of heavy impulse current device (amplitude of first half-wave of heavy impulse current waveform is in the 50-250kA scope) respectively, and the spray gun outlet keeps suitable distance with base material surface to be coated, is 10-30mm.Thorax closed bottom in the spray gun, the other end opening.Thorax is rectangular cross section (a bore depth direction size constancy) in the spray gun, and its width is in the 6-20mm scope, and length is in the 45-130mm scope, and the thorax degree of depth is in the 50-130mm scope in the spray gun.The spray gun principle sees Fig. 1 for details.
3, the heavy impulse current device is made up of high voltage capacitor group, charge circuit, discharge loop, trigger device and protection loop, and the amplitude of first half-wave of heavy impulse current waveform that this device produced is in the 50-250kA scope.Two outer electrodes of spray gun are connected with low-tension side with the high-tension side of this device discharge loop respectively.Its ultimate principle be earlier with power storage in electrical condenser, make the discharge of electrical condenser short period of time then, make load (being powder core silk) obtain the heating power that amplitude is 100-400MW.The specified charging voltage of energy storage high voltage capacitor all can (be considered the product type of electrical condenser manufacturer, can select specified voltage capacitors such as 5kV, 10kV, 20kV, 30kV for use) in the 4-30kV scope.Generally speaking, the condenser voltage grade is high more, and the pulse power amplitude that is applied on the powder core silk is bigger, takes place behind the electrical explosion that pulsating pressure improves in the spray gun thereby make, and the spraying rate of the higher then particle of pulsating pressure is also higher.But, the insulating requirements of spray gun is also improved with the raising of condenser voltage grade.Measured result of the present invention shows that when adopting 5kV electrical condenser group, velocity of particle can reach 3000-4500m/s, and when adopting 30kV electrical condenser group, velocity of particle can reach 4000-7000m/s.The principle of heavy impulse current device is seen Fig. 2.Electrical condenser group energy stored can be calculated by following formula
Q＝0.5CU
2(J)
In the following formula, C is electrical condenser group total capacitance (unit for-), and U is voltage on capacitor (unit is kV).In the electrical condenser discharge process, part energy is absorbed (generally accounting for 50-70%) by powder core silk, and another part energy is consumed by the additional resistance of discharge loop, and powder core silk absorbed energy can be calculated out by electric current, the voltage waveform of actual measurement.Experimental empirical value, thorax reaches required pulsating pressure (amplitude is 50-200MPa) in the spray gun in order to make, and electrical condenser group energy stored Q should be 15-25 times that makes powder core silk reach fusing point institute energy requirement.
4, will spray workpiece (plate or circular arc all can) places on the spraying worktable, but move by making two dimension on the mechanism operation element platform plane, and can move up and down along plummet, spray gun is fixed on the support of table, spray gun muzzle plane is parallel with sample, and spray gun muzzle and sample distance are 10-30mm.In order to improve spray efficiency, the spray gun (being generally 6 more than the spray gun) that can utilize many covers to have the heavy impulse current device of independent loop and connect respectively with it.The decoration form of a plurality of spray guns is seen Fig. 3.
5, spray under atmospheric environment, the single spray area is 5-12cm
2Move sample by the worktable operating mechanism, in the spraying of required spraying position, thereby realize spraying to the sample different zones, the coatingsurface roughness is in the Ra1.5-9 scope.Make the coating mean thickness reach 50-300 μ m by repeating to spray 3-20 time on the same area.
6, the appropriate distance of plane, spray gun exit and matrix surface to be sprayed sees Table 1
| Condenser voltage grade (kV) | The appropriate distance of plane, spray gun exit and matrix surface to be sprayed (mm) |
| 5 | 15-30 |
| 10 | 15-30 |
| 15 | 20-30 |
| 30 | 20-30 |
7, after electrical condenser reaches required charging voltage, make the discharge loop conducting by trigger device, by transient high-current, its current waveform is approximately I=I in the above-mentioned powder core silk spray material
0e
-β tSin ω t.Under the effect of big electric current, because there is certain resistance in powder core silk and by rapid heating, in the 30-100 microsecond, be heated to above the temperature (this stage can be impelled part metals atom and the mutual diffusion mutually of C atom) of fusing point, subsequently under the continuous action of electric current, the part material reaches boiling point, powder core silk partly evaporates, be transformed into the two-phase state (this moment, resistance sharply increased) that steam-drop is formed, the plasma body that forms in this process is a kind of active media, it has strengthened the collision of each composition in the electrical explosion system, has accelerated the speed of response of metal and C; Plasma body punctures the back electrical explosion takes place, and the blast area temperature can reach 10
4K; Produce shockwave simultaneously, high temperature down the mixture of the carbide molten drop (also can generate the carbide ceramics phase), ion and the elementide that generate of reaction, high temperature and high pressure gas even if constituent element is weak thermopositive reaction or thermo-negative reaction from the spray gun bottom at a high speed to the motion of muzzle direction (speed can up to 3000-7000m/s), rapid solidification and form ultra-fine brilliant carbide coating behind the bump matrix, coating and matrix can reach metallurgical binding.
8, the thickness of each spraying is the 10-30 micron, prepares thick coating as need, is that aforesaid step 2-7 is repeatedly spraying.
The coating kind that 9, can prepare is multiple carbide cermet, as TiC, WC, MoC, TaC, ZrC, NbC etc.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, solved original position and generated multiple carbide ceramics coating, the particularly technological difficulties of refractory carbide ceramic coating, but original position generates multiple carbide ceramics coating, as coatings such as TaC, ZrC, NbC, WC, TiC.
2, since spraying rate up to 3000m/s-7000m/s, can realize the mutual diffusion mutually of coating and matrix element, its floating coat element can reach 5-10 μ m to the matrix diffusion depth, and matrix element can reach 5-30 μ m to the coating diffusion depth, and coating and matrix reach metallurgical binding; When repeating to spray, the coating faying surface also is a metallurgical binding, and coating is the dense structure (laminate structure of not having other hot spray process gained coating) of rapid solidification, and its grain-size is generally less than 500nm, and void content is in the 0.05%-0.5% scope.Above index is that other hot spray process is beyond one's reach.
3, the single coating thickness is at the 10-30 mu m range, and the single spray area is 5-12cm
2, make the coating mean thickness reach 50-300 μ m by repeating to spray 3-20 time on the same area.
4, the carbide ceramics coating hardness of the present invention's preparation is high, and for example the TiC coating can reach 2200-2600HV.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is spray gun of the present invention and powder core silk catenation principle figure.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory figure of heavy impulse current device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a spraying worktable synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the TiC coating X-ray diffraction analysis result (Fe-Cr is the body material phase, and the result of matrix element to the coating diffusion is described) of the present invention's preparation.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photograph of TiC coating section of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the high power stereoscan photograph (behind the coating corrosion) of TiC coating of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by example the present invention is described in further detail
Embodiment 1
Base material is dull and stereotyped sample, and its area is 60 * 8cm
2(by repeating spraying on mobile sample or the same area, the zone of required spraying prepares the coating of desired thickness on base material), substrate material is Cr12.The material of spraying is titanium foil (containing Ti amount a 99.99%) bag carbon dust (C content 99.9%), and titanium foil thickness is 100 μ m, and powder core silk total mass is that (mass ratio is Ti:80% to 0.9 gram, C:20%).Before the spraying, sample is carried out surface cleaning processing (need not sandblast) with acetone.Sample is placed on the worktable, and spray gun is fixed on the support of table, and spray gun muzzle plane is parallel with sample, and spray gun muzzle and sample distance are 15mm.Spray under atmospheric environment, the single spray area is 8.4cm
2Move sample in the planar position by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realize spraying, make coating reach desired thickness by repeatedly spraying to the sample different zones.
Powder core silk the spray gun bottom must be fixed on press strip during spraying, powder core silk must be adorned again after spraying finishes.In order to improve spray efficiency, need a plurality of (this example is 8 covers) independently heavy impulse current device and spray gun of being attached thereto.During spraying, 8 spray gun positions are fixed, and can move sample in the planar position by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realize the spraying to the sample different zones.After the spraying of each spray gun finishes, need spray gun after will the spray platform new clothes powder core silk of laying equal stress on of deactivating, and install 8 spray guns that another group has installed powder core silk, spray realizing next time.So circulation realizes repeating spraying.
The spraying parameter of table 1 embodiment 1
| Spray material | Ti bag C powder core silk |
| Powder core silk weight (g) | 0.9 |
| Muzzle is from the distance (mm) of matrix | 15 |
| Spray gun muzzle area (mm 2) | 12×70 |
| Voltage on capacitor (kV) | 4.8 |
| Electrical condenser energy storage (kJ) | 22×8 |
| The spray gun number | 8 |
| Average spraying frequency (inferior/min) | 32 |
| Single spray-on coating mean thickness (μ m) | 25 |
| Spray 8 times coating mean thickness (μ m) on the same area | 160 |
| Coating microhardness (HV) | 2000-2800 |
| The coating phase composite | TiC, a small amount of matrix element Fe, Cr |
The spraying working process is:
In Ti bag C powder core silk, pass through transient high-current, make spray material in tens microseconds, be heated to above the temperature (this stage can be impelled part Ti and the mutual diffusion mutually of C atom) of fusing point, subsequently under the continuous action of electric current, the part material reaches boiling point, powder core silk partly evaporates, powder core silk is transformed into the two-phase state (this moment, resistance sharply increased) that steam-drop is formed, the plasma body that forms in this process is a kind of active media, it has strengthened the collision of each composition in the electrical explosion system, has accelerated the speed of response of Ti and C; Plasma body punctures the back electrical explosion takes place, and the blast area temperature can reach 10
4K; Produce shockwave simultaneously, titanium carbide molten drop, ion and the elementide that pyroreaction generates, the mixture of high temperature and high pressure gas move to the muzzle direction at a high speed from the spray gun bottom, rapid solidification and form the sub-micron crystal titanium carbide coating behind the bump matrix, coating and matrix can reach metallurgical binding.
That the titanium carbide coating of this examples preparation has is high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, intensity is high, hardness is high, thermal conductivity is good, good toughness and to the excellent properties such as unreactiveness of iron and steel metalloid, be the coated material that the utmost point has using value, can be widely used in making high temperature wear resistant coating, cutting tool coating, mould coating etc.
Embodiment 2
Base material is dull and stereotyped sample, its area 6 * 50cm
2, substrate material is a molybdenum.The material of spraying is the tantalum paper tinsel bag carbon dust (C content 99.9%) of (containing Ta amount 99.9%), and tantalum paper tinsel thickness is 30 μ m, and powder core silk total mass is that (mass ratio is Ta:93.78% to 1.2 grams, C:6.22%).Before the spraying, sample is carried out surface cleaning processing (need not sandblast) with acetone.Sample is placed on the two-dimentional work bench, and spray gun is fixed on the support of table, and spray gun muzzle plane is parallel with sample, and spray gun muzzle and sample distance are 20mm.Spray under atmospheric environment, the single spray area is 8.1cm
2Move sample in the planar position by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realize spraying, make coating reach desired thickness by repeatedly spraying to the sample different zones.
Powder core silk the spray gun bottom must be fixed on press strip during spraying, powder core silk must be adorned again after spraying finishes.In order to improve spray efficiency, need a plurality of (this example is 8 covers) independently heavy impulse current device and spray gun of being attached thereto.During spraying, 8 spray gun positions are fixed, and can move sample in the planar position by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realize the spraying to the sample different zones.After the spraying of each spray gun finishes, need spray gun after will the spray platform new clothes powder core silk of laying equal stress on of deactivating, and install 8 spray guns that another group has installed powder core silk, spray realizing next time.So circulation realizes repeating spraying.
The spraying parameter of table 2 embodiment 2
| Spray material | Ta bag C powder core silk |
| Powder core silk weight (g) | 1.2 |
| Muzzle is from the distance (mm) of | 20 |
| Spray gun muzzle area (mm 2) | 18×45 |
| Voltage on capacitor (kV) | 14 |
| Electrical condenser energy storage (kJ) | 26×8 |
| Average spraying frequency (inferior/min) | 32 |
| Single spray-on coating mean thickness (μ m) | 25 |
| Spray 8 times coating mean thickness (μ m) on the same area | 180 |
| Coating microhardness (HV) | 1800-2200 |
| The coating phase composite | TaC (accounting for 80%-90%), Ta 2C (on a small quantity) |
The spraying working process is:
In Ta bag C powder core silk, pass through transient high-current, make spray material in tens microseconds, be heated to above the temperature (this stage can be impelled part Ta and the mutual diffusion mutually of C atom) of fusing point, subsequently under the continuous action of electric current, the part material reaches boiling point, powder core silk partly evaporates, powder core silk is transformed into the two-phase state (this moment, resistance sharply increased) that steam-drop is formed, the plasma body that forms in this process is a kind of active media, it has strengthened the collision of each composition in the electrical explosion system, has accelerated the speed of response of Ta and C; Plasma body punctures the back electrical explosion takes place, and the blast area temperature can reach 10
4K; Produce shockwave simultaneously, tantalum carbide molten drop, ion and the elementide that pyroreaction generates, the mixture of high temperature and high pressure gas move to the muzzle direction at a high speed from the spray gun bottom, rapid solidification and form sub-micron crystal tantalum carbide coating behind the bump matrix, coating and matrix can reach metallurgical binding.
The tantalum carbide ceramics of this examples preparation has premium propertiess such as high rigidity, high temperature resistant, resistance to chemical attack, is a kind of high-temperature ceramic coating material.The cutter that for example utilizes the tantalum carbide coating to make can tolerate the high temperature below 3800 ℃.
Embodiment 3
Base material is that external diameter is the tubular type sample outside surface of 20mm, and pipe length is 300mm, and substrate material is a molybdenum.The material of spraying is aluminium foil (containing Mo amount a 99.99%) bag carbon dust (C content 99.9%), and molybdenum foil thickness is 50 μ m, and powder core silk total mass is that (mass ratio is Mo:88.87% to 1.2 grams, C:11.13%).Before the spraying, sample is carried out surface cleaning processing (need not sandblast).Sample is placed on the two-dimentional work bench, and spray gun is fixed on the support of table, and spray gun muzzle plane is parallel with sample, and spray gun muzzle and sample distance are 25mm.Spray under atmospheric environment, the single spray area is 6.6cm
2Change the position (rotate pipe or pipe is moved on the plane) of sample spraying by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realize spraying, make coating reach desired thickness by repeatedly spraying to the sample different zones.
Powder core silk the spray gun bottom must be fixed on press strip during spraying, powder core silk must be adorned again after spraying finishes.This example is 1 spray gun that overlaps the heavy impulse current device and be attached thereto.During spraying, the spray gun position is fixed, and can move sample in the planar position by the worktable operating mechanism, thereby realizes the spraying to the sample different zones.After the spraying of each spray gun finishes, need spray gun after will the spray platform new clothes powder core silk of laying equal stress on of deactivating, and install the spray gun that another has installed powder core silk, spray realizing next time.So circulation realizes repeating spraying.
The spraying parameter of table 3 embodiment 3
| Spray material | Mo paper tinsel bag C powder core silk |
| Powder core silk weight (g) | 1.2 |
| Muzzle is from the distance (mm) of matrix | 25 |
| Spray gun muzzle area (mm 2) | 6×110 |
| The spray gun number | 1 |
| Voltage on capacitor (kV) | 30 |
| Electrical condenser energy storage (kJ) | 25 |
| Average spraying frequency (inferior/min) | 6 |
| Single spray-on coating mean thickness (μ m) | 25 |
| Spray 8 times coating mean thickness (μ m) on the same area | 200 |
| Coating microhardness (HV) | 1200-1500 |
| The coating phase composite | MoC、Mo 2C (on a small quantity) |
The spraying working process is:
In Mo bag C powder core silk, pass through transient high-current, make spray material in tens microseconds, be heated to above the temperature (this stage can be impelled part Mo and the mutual diffusion mutually of C atom) of fusing point, subsequently under the continuous action of electric current, the part material reaches boiling point, powder core silk partly evaporates, powder core silk is transformed into the two-phase state (this moment, resistance sharply increased) that steam-drop is formed, the plasma body that forms in this process is a kind of active media, it has strengthened the collision of each composition in the electrical explosion system, has accelerated the speed of response of Mo and C; Plasma body punctures the back electrical explosion takes place, and the blast area temperature can reach 10
4K; Produce shockwave simultaneously, tantalum carbide molten drop, ion and the elementide that pyroreaction generates, the mixture of high temperature and high pressure gas move to the muzzle direction at a high speed from the spray gun bottom, rapid solidification and form sub-micron crystal molybdenum carbide coating behind the bump matrix, coating and matrix can reach metallurgical binding.
The molybdenum carbide ceramics coating of present embodiment preparation has the very new function material of high rigidity, good thermal stability and anticorrosion properties, the corrosion of cold-resistant potassium hydroxide of energy and sodium hydroxide solution, easy and halogen and oxygen react with.Can be applied at the mechanical field of various high temperature resistant, wear-resisting wipings and chemical resistance.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of original position generates the preparation method of ultra-fine brilliant metal carbide ceramic coating, it is characterized in that:
A, employing tinsel parcel carbon dust, make powder core silk: press metal and the atomic ratio calculating tinsel of carbon and the mass percent of carbon in the carbide molecular formula, the molecular formula of carbide is M
xC
y, M represents metal, then in the powder core silk,
The shared mass ratio of tinsel is
The shared mass ratio of carbon is
A in the formula
mThe nucleidic mass of expression metal, A
cThe nucleidic mass of expression carbon;
B, powder core silk are disposed in the electrothermal explosion spray gun, and powder core silk places the spray gun bottom, and its two ends are connected respectively with the electrode of the interior thorax of spray gun bottom, and with ceramic press strip powder core silk two ends are contacted well with electrode; Two outer electrodes of spray gun are connected with the high and low pressure side of the discharge loop of heavy impulse current device respectively, and the spray gun outlet keeps the 10-30mm distance with base material surface to be coated; Thorax closed bottom in the spray gun, the other end opening; Thorax is a rectangular cross section in the spray gun, and its width is 6-20mm, and length is 45-130mm, and the thorax degree of depth is 50-130mm in the spray gun;
Two outer electrodes of c, spray gun are connected with low-tension side with the high-tension side of this device discharge loop respectively, earlier with power storage in electrical condenser, make the discharge of electrical condenser short period of time then, make powder core silk obtain the heating power that amplitude is 100-400MW, the specified charging voltage of energy storage high voltage capacitor is in the 4-30kV scope, make spraying rate reach 3000m/s-7000m/s, electrical condenser group energy stored Q makes 15-25 that powder core silk reaches fusing point institute energy requirement doubly;
D, will spray workpiece and place on the spraying worktable, spray gun is fixed on the support of table, and spray gun muzzle plane is parallel with sample, and spray gun muzzle and sample are apart from being 10-30mm;
E, spray under atmospheric environment, the single spray area is 5-12cm
2Move sample by the worktable operating mechanism, in required spraying position spraying, realization is to the spraying of sample different zones, and the distance of plane, spray gun exit and matrix surface to be sprayed is 10-30mm, makes the coating mean thickness reach 50-300 μ m by repeating to spray 3-20 time on the same area.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heavy impulse current device is made up of high voltage capacitor group, charge circuit, discharge loop, trigger device and protection loop, and the amplitude of first half-wave of heavy impulse current waveform is in the 50-250kA scope.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the granularity of carbon dust is 1-10 μ m, and the thickness of tinsel is 30-120 μ m, and the cross section of powder core silk is circular section or square-section, and cross-sectional area is 0.5-3mm
2Effective spraying length of powder core silk is 45-130mm;
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spraying workpiece is plate or circular arc.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002327258A (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-15 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for wire explosion spraying, and wire therefor |
| JP2003147504A (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-21 | Tokyo Inst Of Technol | Inorganic coating film, and its production method |
| CN1603450A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2005-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Flame spray welding process for titanium alloy surface wearable coating |
| CN1740373A (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2006-03-01 | 华北电力大学（北京） | Electrically exploding and electromagnetically accelerated superhigh speed spraying process |
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2006
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002327258A (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-15 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for wire explosion spraying, and wire therefor |
| JP2003147504A (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-21 | Tokyo Inst Of Technol | Inorganic coating film, and its production method |
| CN1603450A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2005-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Flame spray welding process for titanium alloy surface wearable coating |
| CN1740373A (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2006-03-01 | 华北电力大学（北京） | Electrically exploding and electromagnetically accelerated superhigh speed spraying process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 用电热爆炸超高速喷涂法制备WC－Co合金涂层的研究 段鹏等，材料保护，第39卷第3期 2006 * |
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| CN1844048A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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