CN100335517C - Linseed oil modified phenol formaldehyde resin for friction material and its preparation method - Google Patents
Linseed oil modified phenol formaldehyde resin for friction material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100335517C CN100335517C CNB2005100946067A CN200510094606A CN100335517C CN 100335517 C CN100335517 C CN 100335517C CN B2005100946067 A CNB2005100946067 A CN B2005100946067A CN 200510094606 A CN200510094606 A CN 200510094606A CN 100335517 C CN100335517 C CN 100335517C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to modified phenolic resin and a preparation method thereof. Phenol and p-toluene sulfonic acid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.0015 to 1:0.0020 and uniformly stirred, flax oil accounting for 45% to 55% of the mass of the phenol is added, and the temperature is raised to 135 to 145DEG C; heating is stopped after the reaction is carried out for 2 to 4h, and the reaction product is cooled to the room temperature during stirring to obtain a reactant of the flax oil and the phenol; the reactant of the flax oil and the phenol is heated and stirred, formaldehyde accounting for 84% to 88% of the quantity of the reaction substance of the flax oil and the phenol is added, ammonia water accounting for 3% to 5% of the quantity of the reaction substance of the flax oil and the phenol is added after uniform stirring, and the temperature is slowly raised to 100 to 115DEG C; the reactant is cooled when yellow turbidity occurs in the reactant, and vacuum dehydration is started until the temperature is 50DEG C more or less; when resin liquid becomes brown and transparent, dehydration is stopped, anhydrous alcohol is added, stirred, dissolved and cooled to the room temperature, and the material is discharged to obtain the modified phenolic resin. The crosslinked resin contains 35.7% of phenol, 17.9% of flax oil and 46.4% of formaldehyde according to the mass fraction. Analytical tests indicate that all the performance indexes of thermal stability, etc. of the modified phenolic resin are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the friction resistance composite material field, refer in particular to a kind of friction resistance material modification of flax oil resol and preparation method thereof, it is widely used in braking brake block in the clutch coupling of the various vehicles such as automobile, train and engineering machinery and the stopper, as the electromagnet packing material, provide friction factor in the electromagnetic brake.
Background technology
Resol has good thermotolerance and mechanical property, and raw material is easy to get, low price, and explained hereafter equipment is simple, is the most important matrix of friction resistance material always.But defectives such as fragility is big, poor toughness that unmodified resol exists, therefore, resol over half will be by modification ability broadened application scope.The resol toughening modifying of bibliographical information has following several method:
(1) tung oil modified phenolic resin
Tung oil and phenol react under acidic conditions, the reaction of the ortho para hydrogen in the phenol and the conjugated double bond in the tung oil molecular chain, and then under alkaline condition with formaldehyde reaction, finally obtain the thermoset tung oil modified phenolic resin.The brake facing made from it reaches the performance index of national defined, low temperature (100-120 ℃) frictional coefficient is up to 0.48-0.52, high temperature (250-355 ℃) frictional coefficient can reach 0.33-0.41, and the frictional coefficient restorability is good, can remain on about 0.40, but the intensity of this material is relatively poor, and wear rate is higher, and frictional coefficient is to the less stable of temperature when using separately.Yoshimura M.J.Polym.Sci.Polym.Chem., 1986,24:2351-2372 Ai Jun, Zhang Zhi is modest. Materials science and technology, 1996,4 (4): 60-65
(2) cashew nut shell oil (CNSL) modified phenolic resins
Novolac resin is made in the condensation under acidic conditions of CNSL, phenol, formaldehyde, under the hexamethylenetetramine effect, solidified through heat cross-linking.Or phenol, formaldehyde made lacquer resins, and make CNSL and its generation addition reaction then, make resin.Or phenol and CNSL carried out the kation alkyl reaction under acidic conditions, generate bis-phenol, and then generate resol with the formaldehyde effect.Modified product is used for friction resistance material, stable friction factor and greater than 0.40, and the surface forms carbonized film in the friction process, softness and flexible, difficult drop-off makes the composition on friction resistance material surface and febrile state even, has guaranteed stable frictional behaviour.Because the impurity (non-polymeric component) among the CNSL is more, composition and content are unfixing, often cause the friction goods unstable properties.In addition, because CNSL aliphatic side chains R has certain influence to the thermotolerance of resin, thermal weight loss is obvious when temperature is 400～500 ℃.Field CHIGO, Liang Ying. plastics industry, 2004,32 (2): 52-56Verma A P, Vishwanath B, Kameswara C.Wear, 1996,193:193-198
(3) modified rubber resol
Rubber toughened resol is modal outer toughness reinforcing method, often selects for use fourth cyanogen, butylbenzene, natural rubber toughness reinforcing to resol.Its principle is to adopt the method blended rubber of physics, and rubber is scattered in equably form external phase in the resin, form so-called high polymer alloy, reach toughness reinforcing purpose.Toughening effect is relevant with the level of response between blended homogenizing degree and the phenol formaldehyde-rubber, and rubber content generally is controlled at 6%-15%.Yet, when rubber toughened resol uses as the friction resistance composite material matrix, when temperature surpasses certain limit, can produce sharp aroma, and after the rubber interpolation, worn composite rate, especially high temperature wear rate can increase obviously, wear resisting property reduces.Guanshan Mountain, the village, Wang Chengguo, Wang Haiqing etc. rubber industry, 2003,50 (7): 407-408Jaffery S A.Annals of Ocupation Hygiene, 1992,36 (2): 173-181
(4) thermoplastic resin modified resol
What the thermoplastic resin use was more is plasticizing phenol formaldehydes such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, polymeric amide, polyethers.Polyvinyl alcohol modification is to add vinyl-acetic ester in the polycondensation of phenol and formaldehyde, makes methylol generation chemical reaction in hydroxyl in the polyvinyl alcohol and the phenol-aldehyde condensation polyme, forms graft copolymer.Polyvinyl alcohol modification resol bonding force is bigger, should corresponding minimizing in the friction resistance material prescription.Thermoplastic resin modified toughening effect is better, but when being used for friction resistance composite material, resistance toheat is relatively poor, is not suitable for the high temperature severe rugged environment of friction resistance material.Yi Yanhui. thermosetting resin, 2001,16 (4): 29-32Abdalla M O, Ludwick A, Mitchell T.Polymer, 2003,44 (22): 7353-7359
In sum, the method of the resol toughening modifying of bibliographical information has intrinsic toughening and outer toughness reinforcing two kinds of methods, intrinsic toughening tung oil commonly used and cashew nut shell oil, but all need more loaded down with trivial details purification process technology before these two kinds of raw materials use, the modified phenolic resins performance that obtains is difficult to stablize.Outer toughness reinforcing mainly by rubber and thermoplastic resin modified, but the modified phenolic resins high-temperature behavior that these two kinds of methods obtain is all relatively poor, uses as the friction resistance composite material matrix to be very limited.
Summary of the invention
It is abundant that task of the present invention is to seek a kind of raw material sources, obvious to resol toughening modifying effect, and the stable modified phenolic resins of high temperature friction performance and polishing machine and preparation method thereof.
For realizing task of the present invention, the present invention adopts the abundant oleum lini of raw material sources that resol is carried out toughening modifying.Oleum lini is a punicic acid glyceryl ester, three unconjugated double bonds are arranged in the molecular structure, under the acid catalysis effect, but non-conjugated triolefin Pyrogentisinic Acid examines the generation alkylated reaction, or phenol nucleus carries out nucleophilic substitution to non-conjugated triolefin, therefore, can carry out chemical modification to resol effectively from the structure oleum lini.In addition, oleum lini has the raw material abundance, stable performance, advantage such as cheap.Be the introduction detailed below to the present invention.
A kind of friction resistance material modification of flax oil resol, it is characterized in that, prepare by being prepared as follows method: the mass ratio mixing and stirring of phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid being pressed 1: 0.0015～1: 0.0020, stir 45%～55% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 135-145 ℃, behind the reaction 2-4h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing; With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 84%～88% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, the back that stirs adds ammoniacal liquor according to 3%～5% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, slowly is warmed up to 100-115 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 50 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get modification of flax oil resol.
A kind of friction resistance material preparation method of modification of flax oil resol, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio mixing and stirring of phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid being pressed 1: 0.0015～1: 0.0020, stir 45%～55% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 135-145 ℃, behind the reaction 2-4h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing;
With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 84%～88% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, 3%～5% adding ammoniacal liquor of back according to oleum lini-phenol reactant amount stirs, slowly be warmed up to 100-115 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, when the 48-52 ℃ of left and right sides, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get modification of flax oil resol.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is good should adopting following processing parameter or step:
With phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid mass ratio mixing and stirring by 1: 0.0017, stir the 50% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 140 ℃, behind the reaction 3h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing;
With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 86% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, add ammoniacal liquor according to 4% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount after stirring, following steps are identical, until preparing modification of flax oil resol.
The present invention compares with existing resol toughening modifying method, has the following advantages:
(1) compare with the cashew nut shell oil toughening modifying with tung oil, raw material sources of the present invention are abundant, and it is simple relatively to purify, and the product performance that obtain are stable;
(2) compare with the thermoplastic resin toughening modifying with rubber, product resistance toheat of the present invention and friction and wear behavior are outstanding, do not produce peculiar smell when using as friction resistance material;
(3) the comprehensive hot analytical results of TG-DSC shows that the thermostability and the resistance toheat of the modification of flax oil resol that the present invention prepares are greatly improved;
(4) the mechanical property analytical results shows that the toughness of the modification of flax oil resol that the present invention prepares is greatly improved;
(5) friction and wear test results shows that modification of flax oil resol wear resisting property and stable friction factor that the present invention prepares are all better, and the contrast of the frictional coefficient that heats up, lowers the temperature shows its heat resistanceheat resistant decline better performances;
(6) the modification of flax oil resol of the present invention's preparation uses as the friction resistance material matrix, all has remarkable advantages on cost, performance and environmental benefit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Add 100g phenol and 0.15g p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid in the reactor, stir fast and slowly add the 45g oleum lini down, be warmed up to 135 ℃, behind the reaction 2h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing, under the condition of heating and stirring, add 126g formaldehyde, the back that stirs adds 4.5g ammoniacal liquor, slowly is warmed up to 115 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 48 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get 248g modification of flax oil resol.
Embodiment two
Add 100g phenol and 0.17g p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid in the reactor, stir fast and slowly add the 50g oleum lini down, be warmed up to 140 ℃, behind the reaction 3h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing, under the condition of heating and stirring, add 130g formaldehyde, the back that stirs adds 6g ammoniacal liquor, slowly is warmed up to 105 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 50 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get 256g modification of flax oil resol.
Embodiment three
Add 100g phenol and 0.20g p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid in the reactor, stir fast and slowly add the 55g oleum lini down, be warmed up to 145 ℃, behind the reaction 4h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing, under the condition of heating and stirring, add 135g formaldehyde, the back that stirs adds 7.5g ammoniacal liquor, slowly is warmed up to 110 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 50 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get 252g modification of flax oil resol.
Embodiment four
Add 100g phenol and 0.17g p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid in the reactor, stir the slow down 50g of adding oleum lini fast, be warmed up to 140 ℃, behind the reaction 3h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing, under the condition of heating and stirring, add 130g formaldehyde, back adding 6g sodium hydroxide stirs, slowly be warmed up to 100 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 52 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brownly when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, the modified phenolic resins that obtains is a brown solid, and hardness is bigger, and toughness is relatively poor.
The hot analytical results of TG-DSC: the decomposition exothermic peak of common resol is between 320-420 ℃, and the decomposition exothermic peak of synthetic modification of flax oil resol of the present invention is between 400-500 ℃; Between 100 ℃-320 ℃, common resol weightlessness 15.94%, modification of flax oil resol weightlessness 11.02%; Between 320 ℃-600 ℃, common resol weightlessness 73.51%, modification of flax oil resol weightlessness 53.11%; First thermolysis peak of common resol is about 400-425 ℃, and second thermolysis peak is about 540-600 ℃, and first thermolysis peak of modification of flax oil resol is about 440-470 ℃, and second thermolysis peak is about 600-660 ℃.
The mechanical property of the modification of flax oil resol of the present invention's preparation and the friction resistance composite material friction and wear behavior that modification of flax oil resol is matrix are respectively as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 mechanical property common and modified phenolic resins compares
| The resin title | Common resol | Modified phenolic resins |
| Shearing resistance/Mpa shock strength/KJm -2Rockwell hardness (HRL) | 9.7 73.4 118.2 | 18.5 120.2 101.2 |
The friction and wear behavior of table 2 modification of flax oil resol friction resistance material
| Temperature | Coefficientoffriction | Wear rate * 10 7 cm 3·N -1·m -1 | |
| Heat up | Cooling | ||
| 100 150 200 250 300 350 | 0.43 0.45 0.40 0.42 0.41 0.39 | 0.42 0.43 0.41 0.44 0.45 - | 0.16 0.21 0.30 0.46 0.80 1.33 |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of friction resistance material modification of flax oil resol, it is characterized in that: by being prepared as follows the method preparation: the mass ratio mixing and stirring of phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid being pressed 1: 0.0015～1: 0.0020, stir 45%～55% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 135-145 ℃, behind the reaction 2-4h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing; With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 84%～88% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, the back that stirs adds ammoniacal liquor according to 3%～5% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, slowly is warmed up to 100-115 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 50 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get modification of flax oil resol.
2, a kind of friction resistance material preparation method of modification of flax oil resol, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio mixing and stirring of phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid being pressed 1: 0.0015～1: 0.0020, stir 45%～55% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 135-145 ℃, behind the reaction 2-4h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing;
With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 84%～88% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, the back that stirs adds ammoniacal liquor according to 3%～5% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, slowly is warmed up to 100-115 ℃, when yellow muddiness appears in reactant, cool off, in the time of 50 ℃, begin vacuum hydro-extraction, when resin liquid becomes brown when transparent, stop dehydration, add the absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring dissolving, be cooled to the room temperature discharging, get modification of flax oil resol.
3, a kind of friction resistance material according to claim 2 preparation method of modification of flax oil resol, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio mixing and stirring of phenol, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid being pressed 1: 0.0017, stir the 50% slow oleum lini that adds of pressing the phenol quality down fast, be warmed up to 140 ℃, behind the reaction 3h, stop heating and under agitation be cooled to room temperature, get oleum lini-phenol reactant thing;
With oleum lini-phenol reactant thing heated and stirred, add formaldehyde according to 86% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount, add ammoniacal liquor according to 4% of oleum lini-phenol reactant amount after stirring, other step is with identical described in the claim 2, until preparing modification of flax oil resol.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100946067A CN100335517C (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2005-09-29 | Linseed oil modified phenol formaldehyde resin for friction material and its preparation method |
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| CNB2005100946067A CN100335517C (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2005-09-29 | Linseed oil modified phenol formaldehyde resin for friction material and its preparation method |
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| CN100335517C true CN100335517C (en) | 2007-09-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101798436B (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2012-06-20 | 江苏大学 | Boron and linseed oil double-modification phenolic resin-based friction resistance composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106632931B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-11-09 | 济南实成有机硅科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin Frication powder |
| CN107383762A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-24 | 东莞市佳乾新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of enhanced phenolic aldehyde friction resistance material for automobile |
| CN107955331A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-04-24 | 浙江元集新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the special copper-clad plate of LED display |
| CN108059926A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-05-22 | 浙江元集新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the special high heat conduction bonding sheet of aluminum-based copper-clad plate |
| CN108198961A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 东莞力朗电池科技有限公司 | A kind of exceeded detection coating of surface temperature of lithium ion battery |
| CN115093522A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-09-23 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of tung oil modified lignin bio-based phenolic resin |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1101421C (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2003-02-12 | 招远金宝电子有限公司 | Preparation of flaxseed oil modified resin for plywood |
| CN1170910C (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2004-10-13 | 海盐华强树脂有限公司 | Cold pressing process of preparing friction material by using phenolic resin as adhesive |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1101421C (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2003-02-12 | 招远金宝电子有限公司 | Preparation of flaxseed oil modified resin for plywood |
| CN1170910C (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2004-10-13 | 海盐华强树脂有限公司 | Cold pressing process of preparing friction material by using phenolic resin as adhesive |
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Application publication date: 20060329 Assignee: Dsm Syntech Synthetic Resin (foshan) Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2010440000426 Denomination of invention: Linseed oil modified phenol formaldehyde resin for friction material and its preparation method Granted publication date: 20070905 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20100422 |
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