CN100334421C - Automatic measuring system for wall thickness and size error of workpiece - Google Patents
Automatic measuring system for wall thickness and size error of workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN100334421C CN100334421C CNB200510013123XA CN200510013123A CN100334421C CN 100334421 C CN100334421 C CN 100334421C CN B200510013123X A CNB200510013123X A CN B200510013123XA CN 200510013123 A CN200510013123 A CN 200510013123A CN 100334421 C CN100334421 C CN 100334421C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an automatic measuring system for measuring wall thicknesses and errors of form and position of work pieces, which comprises a measuring machine and an electric control system thereof, wherein the electric control system comprises a process control microcomputer which is connected with an interface main board through a control card, and the interface main board is connected with a measuring head, a yielding mechanism, a temperature sensor, a control box, a limit switch and a plurality of control and driving circuits. Each control and driving circuit is composed of a driving device and a servomotor; the measuring machine comprises a base seat, a measuring frame, a work piece installing component for fixing work pieces to be measured and a measuring head, the work piece installing component is composed of a rotary working table and a roller, and a moving device of the measuring machine is provided with a measuring and indicating device for measuring and indicating the displacement of the measurement component moving device. A rotary body measuring device controlled by the present invention, which has strong adaptability, is suitable for the measurement of wall thicknesses, wall thickness differences, errors of form and position, diameters, etc. of work pieces with similar shapes. With the advantages of simple path and high efficiency, the present invention can realize all kinds of measurement by means of software control. Data are directly measured without scaling, so the present invention is favorable for improving measurement precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic measurement system of precision measurement workpiece dimension device, specifically is a kind of precision measurement rotary body wall thickness and size morpheme error automatic measurement system.Be used to control wall thickness, wall thickness difference and the data such as size, morpheme error thereof of solid of revolution measurement mechanism measuring workpieces.
Background technology
At present, in the solid of revolution measuring technique, the measurement of wall thickness and wall thickness difference is a core.In traditional method, coordinate method is the inside and outside contour of measuring workpieces respectively from each orientation, tries to achieve that wall thickness, the wall thickness of workpiece is poor, diameter, ends by thickness, bus linearity etc. by calculating then.This method efficient is very low, far can not satisfy the requirement of 3～5 fens kind/parts of this project, and poor reliability, also is difficult on the precision meet the demands.Poor reliability be because workpiece does not change, with single gauge head when each orientation is measured with coordinate method, gauge head need be crossed over workpiece, do significantly and move, and bumps easily.The problem that also has an accessibility because the gauge head solid of revolution is-15 °～90 ° around the corner of transverse axis, might some some detection when measuring with coordinate method less than.Low precision be because gauge head when measuring inside and outside contour, the kinematic error of interior external pelivimetry device on opportunity is not quite similar, its difference directly influences wall thickness and wall thickness difference measurements precision.Another deficiency is, adopts two analog gauge heads of self-movement to measure, and at two gauge heads during along different guide rail movement, exists the difference of two kinematic errors can influence the problem of measuring accuracy.
In the measurement to the bus straightness error, traditional method be adopt with X to the vertical Z of guide rail to guide rail, need when measuring the bus linearity like this X to Z to interlock, not only complicated movement, efficient are low, strengthen the possibility that bumps, also reduced measuring accuracy.Because not only X is to causing measuring error with Z to the straightness error of guide rail, X also can cause measuring error to asynchronous to what move with Z.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the automatic measurement system of the higher solid of revolution measurement mechanism of a kind of precision, wall thickness that can measuring workpieces and wall thickness is poor, the linearity of bus, outside surface be with respect to the circle of axis of rotation data such as beat.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, and a kind of workpiece and size morpheme error automatic measurement system are provided, and comprises measuring machine and electric-control system thereof.Described electric-control system comprise industrial control microcomputer, industrial control microcomputer is connected with the interface mainboard by control card, the interface mainboard is connected with gauge head, makes a concession mechanism, temperature sensor, maneuver box, limit switch and a plurality of control and driving circuit; Described control Driver Circuit is made of driver, servo motor; Described measuring machine comprises pedestal, measurement bay, fixedly the workpiece installing component and the gauge head of measured workpiece, and the workpiece installing component is made up of rotary table and scroll wheel, and measuring machine is provided with the measurement indicating device.
Described measurement indicating device is the first grating chi, the second grating chi, first read head and second read head; Described measuring machine pedestal is connected with first measurement bay by the guide rail on it, and first measurement bay can be at its guide rail upper edge X
2The direction motion, the first grating chi is arranged on the pedestal, is used to measure the displacement of first measurement bay, and first read head is arranged on first measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of first measurement bay; First measurement bay is provided with according to measuring the pivoted frame that needs can rotate to required angle, and pivoted frame is provided with the angular encoder of the indication pivoted frame anglec of rotation; Pivoted frame is provided with Z to guide rail, and Z is provided with balladeur train to guide rail, and balladeur train can be at its Z to guide rail upper edge Z
2The direction motion, the second grating chi is arranged on Z on guide rail, is used to measure the displacement of balladeur train, and second read head is arranged on the balladeur train, is used to read the displacement data of balladeur train; Described balladeur train is provided with surveys the seat and second gauge head, and the survey seat is provided with long-armed, long-armed first gauge head that is provided with; Described rotary table is provided with the 3rd gauge head.
Described measurement indicating device is the 3rd grating chi, the 4th grating chi, third reading number and the 4th read head; Described measuring machine pedestal is connected with second measurement bay by the guide rail on it; Second measurement bay can be at its guide rail upper edge X
1Direction motion, the 3rd grating chi is arranged on the pedestal, is used to measure the displacement of second measurement bay, and the third reading number is arranged on second measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of second measurement bay; Second measurement bay is provided with main shaft, and main shaft can be at the 3rd guide rail upper edge Z
1The direction motion, the 4th grating chi is provided with on the big main shaft, is used to measure the displacement of main shaft, and the 4th read head is arranged on second measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of main shaft.
Described the 4th gauge head is the three-dimensional simulation gauge head that band star is surveyed end.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) the present invention has very strong adaptability, can be applicable to the measurement of wall thickness, wall thickness difference and morpheme error, the diameter etc. of similar shape workpiece; (2) behind the installation measured workpiece, measuring machine can be realized semi-automatic measuring under industrial control microcomputer control, because the path is simple, efficient is high, can realize multiple measurement by software control; (3) adopt two analog gauge heads that move simultaneously to measure, can make the kinematic error of gauge head and workpiece not influence measuring accuracy basically, because they are basic identical to the influence that two gauge heads bring, inside and outside gauge head is measured simultaneously also can reduce the thin-wall part distortion that ergometry causes; (4) in the measurement of bus straightness error, in the normal direction of inside and outside wall, so all directly in normal direction measure, rather than by conversion obtain all the time by wall thickness, poor, round the beating of wall thickness for direction of measurement of the present invention, avoid the influence of some factors, helped improving measuring accuracy; (5) axis of measured workpiece is at vertical direction, rather than the installation of horizontal direction, adopts vertical direction can guarantee that the axis direction of measured workpiece is accurate, can not produce deviation because of deadweight make axis direction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of electric-control system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of measured workpiece;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of measuring machine of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of preparation routine of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of general measure program of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of circular section of the present invention process of measurement;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of straight line degree measurement program of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram that subroutine is measured in circular section of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of subsequent treatment program of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of data processing subroutine of the present invention
Reference numeral:
1 pedestal, 2 second measurement bays, 3 rotary tables, 4 measured workpieces 5 the 4th gauge head
6 scroll wheels, 7 main shafts, 8 first gauge heads, 9 second gauge heads 10 are surveyed seat
11 balladeur trains, 12 Z are to guide rail 13 pivoted frames 14 first measurement bays 15 the 3rd gauge head
Embodiment
In order to describe the present invention clear and concisely, below the following predicate in the patent document of the present invention is defined:
X
1Direction: be meant in base plane the center of second measurement bay 2 and rotary table circle center line connecting place rectilinear direction.
X
2Direction: be meant in base plane the center of first measurement bay 14 and rotary table circle center line connecting place rectilinear direction.
Z
1Direction: be meant the axial of main shaft 7.
Z
2Direction: be meant that Z is to guide rail 12 rail level place rectilinear directions.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in detail.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of measured workpiece, and shown measured workpiece is a kind of thin-walled revolution workpiece workpiece, and the bus of solid of revolution is straight-line segment or circular arc.The outside surface of workpiece is by face of cylinder A
1, circular conical surface B
1, anchor ring C
1, circular conical surface D
1, face of cylinder E, face of cylinder F, bottom surface H
1Seven parts are formed; Inside surface is by face of cylinder A
2, circular conical surface B
2, anchor ring C
2, circular conical surface D
2, bottom surface H
2Five parts are formed; Cylinder F also has two end face (plane) G up and down
2, G
1Need to measure.The bus of each face of cylinder, circular conical surface is a straight line, and the bus of each anchor ring is a circular arc.
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, workpiece of the present invention and size morpheme error automatic measurement system comprise measuring machine and electric-control system thereof.Electric-control system comprise industrial control microcomputer, industrial control microcomputer is connected with the interface mainboard by control card, the interface mainboard is connected with gauge head, makes a concession mechanism, temperature sensor, maneuver box, limit switch and a plurality of control and driving circuit.Control Driver Circuit is made of driver, servo motor.Measuring machine comprises pedestal, measurement bay, fixedly the workpiece installing component and the gauge head of measured workpiece, the workpiece installing component is made up of rotary table and scroll wheel, and the telecontrol equipment of measuring machine is provided with the measurement indicating device that is used to measure and indicate the displacement of described measurement component telecontrol equipment.Below divide electric-control system and the explanation of measuring machine two parts.
One, electric-control system part
Electric-control system of the present invention plays key effect to guaranteeing the measuring machine operate as normal, and measuring machine has 6 axles to need control, and they are: the rotation of rotary table 3, the 4th gauge head 5 are at X
1, Z
1The motion of direction and first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 are at X
2, Z
2The rotation of the motion of direction and pivoted frame 13.Wherein first three root axle mainly is self-movement, and back three motions need and can link.In order to control exactly, must in time gather feedback signal, carry out closed-loop control according to feedback signal.4 linear motion axis all are equipped with sticking type strip grating chi, and the resolving power of optical-mechanical system is 1 μ m, and has absolute zero position.2 rotation axiss all are equipped with angular encoder, and the resolving power of angle measuring system is better than 0.01 °, and have absolute zero position.Industrial control microcomputer is controlled the yielding mechanism of second gauge head 9 in addition.
The signal that is input to the interface mainboard is measured temperature in addition and is measured the signal of outputs such as distortion equal error compensation sensor, maneuver box and limit switch except the signal of first, second and third and 4 gauge heads of four gauge heads, 2 scramblers, 4 optical-mechanical systems.By experiment, be sure of design proposal, technological level, when environmental baseline can guarantee required measuring accuracy, some error compensation sensor can omit.Maneuver box can also carry out emergency brake having under the abnormal conditions except that can be used for manual operation.Limit switch is the permission stroke of upstop then.
Survey Software is the another key components of measuring machine, and it is most important to the normal operation of measuring.Major requirement to Survey Software is: guarantee that whole measurement flow process is correctly carried out, that various factors is considered is thorough, travelling speed fast, friendly interface, meet user's request for utilization, easy to operate, preserve information completely, powerful, precision is high.
In software programming, adopt advanced platforms such as VC, OpenGL, adopt as far as possible to click and adopt modes of operation such as single, be necessary prompting in operation, may adopt input (as Measuring Time, temperature) automatically and acquiescence input under the situation for simplifying input.Workpiece type for example is as long as sky hits or when not having input by carriage return, promptly be defaulted as identical with a last workpiece type; The file name sky hits or when not having input by carriage return, is defaulted as on a last file name basis sequence number is added 1.Also be provided with " returning " hurdle in the program, when finding input error is arranged, click " returning ", promptly restart.
Survey Software comprises that measuring operation software, data are recalled, analysis software.Entering which software selects by clicking menu.Real-time measuring operation software usefulness when measuring workpieces, it is made up of preparation routine, process of measurement, subsequent treatment program three parts.
Preparation routine:
The process flow diagram of preparation routine as shown in Figure 4.
Screen prompt " input workpiece code " behind the industrial control microcomputer behind the start-up procedure.The workpiece code is listed on menu, as long as click.Measure unit one after start, hit or by carriage return, promptly be defaulted as representative workpiece shown in Figure 2 as sky, in the measurement afterwards, sky hits or by carriage return, promptly is defaulted as identical with a last workpiece.The installation site of screen prompt scroll wheel 6 behind the input workpiece code, and alert checks whether inside and outside gauge head has been pressed the measured workpiece adjustment, proofreaied and correct.Do not having installation, adjusting, proofreading and correct under the good situation and install earlier, adjust, proofread and correct.Install, adjust, proofread and correct good back and click "Yes", the screen inquiry whether " going home? ", promptly whether first measurement bay 14 and second measurement bay 2 have withdrawed to the most right-hand, and whether main shaft 7 and balladeur train 11 have risen to the extreme higher position." go home " to be meant that each moving-member of measuring machine turns back to the motion in original position separately after finishing combination of actions.If the answer that obtains when " input workpiece code " is " acquiescence ", then directly enter whether " going home? " inquiry.Inquiry " whether coming home now " under the situation of not going home, the purpose of inquiry is to allow the operator check, have on the way home accessible, do not have or cleared up obstacle after click "Yes", measuring machine " is gone home ".After first measurement bay is surveyed 14 and second measurement bay 2 and is arrived " going home " positions, to " going home? " inquiry click "Yes", screen inquiry " workpiece installs ".After workpiece installs and tightens, click "Yes", enter process of measurement then.
Process of measurement:
The relating to parameters that the size of process of measurement and measured workpiece, shape, needs are measured, Fig. 5 are the process flow diagrams of measuring general revolving body workpieces.When measuring beginning, at first input needs the cross section of measurement to count the M that counts that measures on N and each cross section.Usually, to same class workpiece, the cross section is counted N and is all fixed with the M that counts, and can call or choose by default value under constant situation.
Call then on request and to have determined in advance and be stored in initial measurement point position in the industrial control microcomputer, under industrial control microcomputer control, first measurement bay 14 and second measurement bay 2 are introduced the measuring position, the anticollision inspection need be carried out in link the on request position of measurement point of each moving component in first measurement bay 14 and second measurement bay 2 in motion process.
Gauge head begins to measure after entering the measuring position.Under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously, and scrambler reads the corner of rotary table 3.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed 2 π/M, send out a sampling instruction, and each gauge head is gathered one group of data.Industrial control microcomputer is stored second measurement bay 2 and main shaft 7, first measurement bay 14 and the position of balladeur train 11, pivoted frame 13 and rotary table 3 and the information of corner, and through the gauge head of modulate circuit processing and the data of compensation sensor.K among Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can be any positive integer.
Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.The position that industrial control microcomputer calculates or calls slope He next measurement point of next section gauge point place bus.The anticollision inspection need be carried out in link the on request position of measurement point of each moving component in first measurement bay 14 and second measurement bay 2 in motion process.Need according to measuring, the sectional position can be uniform vertically, can be not uniform yet, as long as deposit industrial control microcomputer in advance in, call and get final product this moment.
What more than set forth is generalized case, only needs to measure a cross section or a bus sometimes, at this moment only needs input N=1 or M=1 to get final product.Under the situation of N=1 or M=1, cross section, bus or point in order to measure appointment need input section and bus position, determine the path that measurement bay need move by industrial control microcomputer then.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are the process flow diagrams at the process of measurement of representative workpiece shown in Figure 2.Wherein, Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of the circular section process of measurement of electric-control system of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of the straight line degree measurement program of electric-control system of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram that subroutine is measured in the circular section of rotary body wall thickness measuring electro-controlled systems of the present invention.Under industrial control microcomputer control, two measurement bays enter the location of measuring first parameter separately.Second measurement bay 2 is at first measured the position of φ 15 circles, and measurement bay 2 moves right along directions X earlier for this reason, moves on to the position of measuring φ 15 circular hole left surfaces, and main shaft 7 moves down then, and the 4th gauge head 5 enters the measuring position.First measurement bay 14 is at first measured two plane seam G up and down of right cylinder F
2, G
1With respect to axis of rotation O
1O
2Verticality and seam thickness.At first under industrial control microcomputer control, utilize pivoted frame 13 to forward guide rail 12 to horizontal direction for this reason, at this moment first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head should be just in time the height place of seam (realizing) up and down by prior adjustment.First measurement bay 14 to left movement, enters the measuring position in the directions X motion of industrial control microcomputer control lower edge.
Enter circular section sampling subroutine subsequently.Sampling subroutine in circular section is seen Fig. 8.Under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and 3 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.M is counting of measuring on each cross section among the figure, and k can be any positive integer.Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.Measure the circular section end of subroutine, get back to the measurement master routine.
First measurement bay 14 moves along directions X and moves right, and withdraws from the measuring position and goes home.
Industrial control microcomputer calculates the diameter of work that the 4th gauge head 5 measures, if record diameter and φ 15 differs bigger, then according to the difference that calculates, main shaft 7 suitably moves up and down, return circular section sampling subroutine, rotary table 3 rotates, and measures the position of φ 15 circles once more.If record diameter and φ 15 is more or less the same, then directly enter next step.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface D
1, D
2Wall thickness and wall thickness poor, and circular conical surface D
1With respect to workpiece axis of rotation O
1O
2Circle beat.At first rotate pivoted frame 13 for this reason, guide rail 12 is forwarded to and circular conical surface D
1The direction that the right side bus is parallel.Then, first measurement bay 14 moves to left survey end to first gauge head 8 at D
2Extended line on, balladeur train 11 moves down along guide rail 12 again, allows first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position.Because at stop portion, first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head need have bigger spacing just can enter, outer gauge head 9 also is that the measuring staff of second gauge head 9 has yielding mechanism, be that balladeur train 11 allows the measuring staff of second gauge head 9 retreat earlier when guide rail 12 moves down, crossing seam, arriving the measuring position and just allow second gauge head 9 enter duty.In whole motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
Should say in any motion process, all will carry out the anticollision inspection, colliding may be because the problem that measuring method designs in incorrect or the software design causes that also possibility is owing to the problem that hardware in the mechanism kinematic in commission takes place causes.In general, the possibility that bumps in single movement is less, and under the situation of several parts interlocks, the possibility that bumps is much bigger.Indicate especially that in these parts " anticollision inspection ", purpose are to allow in design and debugging, pay special attention in the process flow diagram.What we developed is to find, address the above problem highly effective means based on visual and the anticollision technology virtual measurement machine.
Enter circular section sampling subroutine once more, under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and the 4th gauge head 5 is gathered data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.The return measurement master routine.
Industrial control microcomputer calculates the diameter of work that the 4th gauge head 5 measures, if record diameter and φ 80 differs bigger, then according to the difference that calculates, main shaft 7 suitably moves up and down, enter circular section sampling subroutine then, rotary table 3 rotates, and measures the position of φ 80 circles once more.If record diameter and φ 80 is more or less the same, then directly enter next step.
After finishing above-mentioned measurement, under industrial control microcomputer control, first measurement bay 14 and 2 two measurement bays of second measurement bay enter the location of measuring next parameter separately.The next parameter that second measurement bay 2 is measured is the diameter of face of cylinder F.Main shaft 7 rises to the position that exceeds surface of the work earlier for this reason, second measurement bay 2 again along directions X to left movement, move on to the left side of face of cylinder F, main shaft 7 descends, the middle part to face of cylinder F makes the 4th gauge head 5 enter the measuring position.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is anchor ring C
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position, i.e. C for this reason
1Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
Enter circular section sampling subroutine subsequently, under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and first, second and the 43 gauge head are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating, the return measurement master routine.
Two measurement bays enter the location of measuring next parameter separately.The next parameter that second measurement bay 2 is measured is the diameter of face of cylinder E.Main shaft 7 drops to the middle part of E face earlier for this reason, and second measurement bay 2 moves right at directions X again, moves on to the left side of face of cylinder E, makes the 4th gauge head 5 enter the measuring position.Because adopted star to survey end, when the survey end in contact E of the 4th gauge head 5 face, its measuring staff can not collided with the F face.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface B
1, B
2Wall thickness and wall thickness poor, and circular conical surface B
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position, i.e. B for this reason
1, B
2Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
Enter circular section sampling subroutine subsequently, under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and first, second and the 43 gauge head are gathered data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating, the return measurement master routine.
So far, second measurement bay 2 has been finished whole measuring task, is withdrawn into the position of going home.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is face of cylinder A
1, A
2Diameter, and face of cylinder A
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position, i.e. A for this reason
1, A
2Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
Enter subsequently and measure the circular section subroutine, under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.Rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating, the return measurement master routine.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface B
1, B
2The bus straightness error, under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and 9 two measuring heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position, promptly measure the initial point position z of B face linearity for this reason
2B, in motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.Balladeur train 11 moves upward along guide rail 12 subsequently, whenever moves a certain distance h
BSend out a sampling instruction, first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head are gathered one group of data.K can be 0 or positive integer among the figure, the data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.Gathering whole N
BAfter the individual data, first measurement bay 14 changes next measuring position.
The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface D
1, D
2The bus straightness error.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements, first gauge head 8 and 9 two gauge heads of second gauge head enter the measuring position, promptly measure the initial point position z of D face linearity
2D, in motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
At last, first measurement bay 14 is gone home.When going home, need be under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements are being crossed over stop portion, also will allow the measuring staff of second gauge head 9 make a concession machine earlier.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
The subsequent treatment program:
Measurement so far can be through with, but also has many follow-up works to do.Need deposit as measurement result? belong to debugging character if this is measured, perhaps finding in measuring process any problem does not just need deposit.Also comprise and carry out data processing whether immediately, whether export measurement report etc.Can carry out data processing immediately after measurement finishes, also can carry out again later on.In addition, whether need problems such as duplicate measurements in addition.
The process flow diagram of subsequent treatment program as shown in Figure 9, it need finish following operation.
Whether at first the industrial control microcomputer screen is putd question to, deposit, and in this way, then industrial control microcomputer prompting import file name and operating personnel etc. are for information about.Under the acquiescence mode, file name is for to add 1 with sequence number on the basis of a last file name, and operating personnel are constant.Then with measurement data, comprise the indicating value of 4 grating reading systems of each measurement point, 2 angular encoders, 4 gauge head indicating values and error compensation sensor indicating value, and operating personnel, temperature etc. deposit this document for information about together in.
The reason of not depositing may be that measuring machine is debugged, and data are nonsensical; Be to think to measure to have problem under the another kind of situation, need resurvey, therefore whether the negative acknowledge of " whether depositing " " is resurveyed procedure turn ".In that whether " resurveying " is answered under the situation of "Yes", turn to the starting point in the process of measurement, begin new measurement.If the answer to " whether resurveying " is a "No", this measures end.
Under the situation of deposit, it is effective that measurement data is considered to.Whether industrial control microcomputer then inquiry carries out data processing immediately.Answering under the situation of "Yes", industrial control microcomputer enters the data processing subroutine, with whole results' deposits and add a mark after file name, as " * ", gets back to master routine then after data processing is finished.The data processing subroutine is seen Figure 10.Carry out the data processing place immediately.
No matter whether carry out data processing immediately, all might want to have a look measurement result, for this reason industrial control microcomputer then inquiry " showing measurement result? ", under the situation of "No", turn to " whether resurveying ", because under situation about having, need to carry out duplicate measurements.Following flow process is identical with the situation of not depositing.
If to " showing measurement result? " answer is "yes", the menu that occurs available project so on the screen, as poor in a cross section wall thickness situation of change and wall thickness, along the wall thickness change of a certain bus, certain section bus with respect to beating of rotary table 3 axis etc.Really, under the situation without data processing, the project of raw measurement data only appears only comprising on the menu; Under the situation of data processing, the project through data processing appears on the menu simultaneously, comprise the measurement report that output is complete.After clicking a certain display items display, also can ask some problems on the screen, as show which cross section wall thickness situation of change and wall thickness are poor.The input corresponding information after, on the screen promptly the mode with figure or data show this project.Whether show this project simultaneously, also inquiring on the screen needs to print, export written report.Screen display and printing type comprise figure and modes such as literal, numerical value, and demonstration and project and the form printed should satisfy customer requirements.
No matter whether print, after showing certain project, might also want to understand the measurement result of other project, occur " needing to show other project? " for this reason on the screen under the situation of answering "Yes", reappear the menu of available project ", under the situation of answering "No", turn to " whether resurveying ".
Flow process is identical with the aforementioned situation of not depositing later on.
Data processor:
The process flow diagram of data processing subroutine is seen Figure 10.The data of reading in measurement comprise the displacement x of industrial control microcomputer second measurement bay 2
1, main shaft 7 displacement z
1, first measurement bay 14 displacement x
2, balladeur train 11 displacement z
2, pivoted frame 13 the information of rotational angle theta of corner α, rotary table 3, and the gauge head reading δ that handles through modulate circuit
5, δ
8, δ
9, δ
15Reading p with temperature and deformation-compensated sensor
1, p
2Deng.The sum of errors nominal data of measuring mechanism then deposits in the industrial control microcomputer in advance, in order to improve measuring accuracy, need call these parameters, carries out error compensation.
The data of reading in measurement at first will be passed through pre-service, and pretreated content comprises the rejecting gross error, carries out filtering and error compensation etc.
Because many errors are arranged, beat and the error of perpendicularity as circle, all be with workpiece axis of rotation O
1O
2For with reference to what evaluate, therefore need at first calculate the axis of rotation O of workpiece
1O
2What directly measured by the 4th gauge head 5 is that axis with rotary table 3 is the phasor coordinate of surperficial each point of cylindrical-coordinate system (coordinate system of machine) mesopore of Z axle, and the mean value of the phasor coordinate of each point is exactly center of circle O on same cross section
1Or O
2Phasor coordinate.O
1, O
2Line provide axis of rotation vector O
1O
2Direction and position.
Measuring G
1, G
2During the plane, that directly measured by the 4th gauge head 5 is seam upper and lower end face G
1, G
2The coordinate of last each point position, the coordinate that utilizes these points are according to certain criterion, and for example criterion of least squares can simulate two plane G
1, G
2And method vector N
G1With N
G2According to | N
G1* O
1O
2|/| N
G1|| O
1O
2| and | N
G2* O
1O
2|/| N
G2|| O
1O
2| can obtain G
1, G
2Two planes are with respect to the axis of rotation O of workpiece
1O
2The error of perpendicularity.
In order to calculate A
1, B
1, C
1, D
1, the beating of each point on E and the F face, at first need to determine to calculate the reference point of beating.The position of reference point is at the axis of rotation O of workpiece
1O
2On, can be according to the position in cross section, utilize the method for interpolation to determine the position of each reference point.
In pulsation measurement, what directly measured by second gauge head 9 is that axis with rotary table 3 is the phasor coordinate of workpiece outside surface each point in the cylindrical-coordinate system (coordinate system of machine) of Z axle, after knowing the phasor coordinate of reference point, can obtain the phasor coordinate of workpiece outside surface each point with respect to reference point, the variation of this phasor coordinate amplitude is exactly beating of each point.The difference of maximum amplitude and maximum amplitude is a circular runout.
In order to calculate A
1, A
2, E and four cylinders of F diameter, need be to the data that measure, justify match according to certain assessment criteria, the most frequently used is criterion of least squares.The match diameter of a circle is exactly A
1, A
2, E and four cylinders of F diameter.
The thickness of seam (is G
1, G
2The distance of each corresponding point position of face) and the wall thickness of section such as B, D, H calculate fairly simple, as long as just can obtain by simple plus-minus algebraic operation.Can be taken at that the seam average thickness value is a seam thickness on the whole circumference.Meanwhile, require minimum and maximum value at seam thickness and wall thickness on the whole circumference all in tolerance.Poor for the wall thickness of trying to achieve on a circular section, need find out its maximal value and minimum value earlier, it is poor that their difference is defined as wall thickness.
For the straightness error that calculates two sections of B, D need simulate their best-fitting straight line according to certain assessment criteria, the most frequently used is criterion of least squares.Each deviation with respect to their best-fitting straight line is exactly the linearity deviation on two sections straight lines of B, D, and the difference of the maximum deviation of linearity and minimum deflection is exactly a straightness error.
After trying to achieve characteristic parameter and error thereof, just can make conclusions such as whether workpiece is qualified, which parameter is defective.
After finishing the total data Processing tasks, turn back to the subsequent treatment master routine.
The data backtracking program:
Data are recalled after measurement acquired measurement data are recalled analysis.In order to save Measuring Time, can when measuring, not carry out data processing earlier, and when recalling, carry out data processing afterwards.Data are recalled and can be carried out with subsequent treatment program shown in Figure 8.Promptly occur being stored in the lists of documents in the industrial control microcomputer after click data is recalled on master menu, the filename that click need be recalled can recall, handle and analyze the measurement data in this document.
The file of being recalled can be through data processing, also can be not pass through data processing.Owing to whether the mark of data processing arranged in file name, therefore be easy to identification.The file of data processing does not at first carry out data processing as yet, then directly the showing by the selected contents of a project or print of data processing, also can export complete measurement report.
DAP:
The function of DAP is that a collection of workpiece of producing is carried out industrial analysis, and this will just can carry out after the measurement of having finished a collection of workpiece.Inquiry promptly appears after clicking " data analysis " on the master menu, analyze which batch workpiece? the workpiece of being analyzed can be document number from what to what, also can be the workpiece of measuring some day or a certain period, can also be whole certain workpiece.And then what feature parameter inquiry analyzes, and as the mean value of wall thickness, thickest is poor, verticality, beat etc.The 3rd is that what operational characteristic inquiry analyzes, the variation tendency of the mean value of wall thickness for example, the variation tendency of wall thickness dispersiveness etc.More than inquiry is all answered by the mode of clicking or knock in.This subprogram can be constantly additional, perfect according to the needs of producing.
Two, measuring machine part
As shown in Figure 3, measuring machine of the present invention partly is made up of pedestal 1, workpiece installing component, first measurement bay 2,14,4 gauge heads of second measurement bay etc.The workpiece installing component comprises rotary table 3 and 3 scroll wheels 6.
Z is contained on the pivoted frame 13 to guide rail 12, rotates with pivoted frame 13, and the moving direction of balladeur train 11 is variable in other words.The balance device balance is adopted in laying particular stress on that Z brings when guide rail 12 rotates.The displacement of balladeur train 11 can be read to second grating chi on the guide rail 12 and second read head that is contained on the balladeur train 11 by being contained in Z.Promptly first gauge head 8 and outer gauge head are second gauge head 9 to gauge head in being equipped with on balladeur train 11.In order to make the gauge head 8 of winning can stretch into the depths in hole, it is fixed on the balladeur train 11 by long-armed survey seat 10 is arranged, and second gauge head 9 then directly is fixed on the balladeur train 11.When measuring the straight line portion of bus, forward Z to the direction parallel to guide rail 12 with bus; When measuring the curved portion of bus, forward Z the tangential direction of bus to guide rail 12, promptly reliable balladeur train 11 is realized measuring to moving of guide rail 12 along Z.At this moment inside and outside gauge head all is in the normal direction of thin-walled, the needs of coincidence measurement wall thickness.
This structure is also provided convenience for the linearity of measuring bus.As long as forward Z to horizontal direction to guide rail 12, just can utilize first measurement bay 14 to measure two plane seam G up and down of right cylinder F
2, G
1With respect to axis of rotation O
1O
2Verticality and seam thickness.For preventing to damage gauge head, inside and outside gauge head adopts the unloading kind of drive respectively and makes a concession mechanism.
Preceding first measurement bay 2 of measurement beginning, second measurement bay 14 withdraw from, with hand or mechanical arm measured workpiece 4 is placed on three scroll wheels 6, three scroll wheels 6 are positioned at sustained height, be on the circle at center with the axis of rotary table 3, be 120 ° of distributions, measured workpiece 4 is bearing on three scroll wheels 6 by the plane seam.After measured workpiece 4 was placed on three scroll wheels 6, rotary table 3 tightened it in the lower end of measured workpiece 4 by its claw.Make the dead in line of the axis and the rotary table 3 of measured workpiece 4 by the acting in conjunction of claw and three scroll wheels 6.
Measured workpiece 4 rotates under rotary table 3 drives continuously during measurement, and rotary table 3 can be by stepper motor or driven by servomotor.The angular encoder that is equipped with on the rotary table 3, and absolute zero position is arranged.When rotary table 3 forwards assigned position to, send the sampling or the signal that stops operating.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of measured workpiece, and shown measured workpiece is a kind of thin-walled revolution workpiece workpiece, and the bus of solid of revolution is straight-line segment or circular arc.The outside surface of workpiece is by face of cylinder A
1, circular conical surface B
1, anchor ring C
1, circular conical surface D
1, face of cylinder E, face of cylinder F, bottom surface H
1Seven parts are formed; Inside surface is by face of cylinder A
2, circular conical surface B
2, anchor ring C
2, circular conical surface D
2, bottom surface H
2Five parts are formed; Cylinder F also has two end face (plane) G up and down
2, G
1Need to measure.The bus of each face of cylinder, circular conical surface is that the bus of straight line, each anchor ring is a circular arc.Be example with the measured workpiece shown in Fig. 2 below, measuring process of the present invention be described:
(1) input needs the workpiece kind code (just need input when changing the workpiece kind, measuring representative workpiece shown in Figure 3 does not need input, and sky hits and promptly is defaulted as representative workpiece automatically) of measurement.
(2) measure the different workpieces needs for adapting to, (piece number and direction of motion all refer to the piece number of marking and direction of motion on Fig. 3, and) size is adjusted to correct position with three scroll wheels 6 down together according to measured workpiece 4.The position of scroll wheel 6 need not to readjust when measuring similar workpiece.
(3) before measuring each workpiece and beginning, second measurement bay 2 withdraws to left, and main shaft 7 rises to the extreme higher position; First measurement bay 14 withdraws to the most right-hand, and balladeur train 11 rises to the rightest, extreme higher position, i.e. the original position.
(4) with hand or mechanical arm measured workpiece 4 is placed on three scroll wheels 6.
(5) claw of rotary table 3 tightens it at the lower end of workpiece 4.
(6) according to the workpiece code of input, under industrial control microcomputer control, two measurement bays enter the location of measuring first parameter separately.Second measurement bay 2 is at first measured the circle of φ 15, and second measurement bay 2 at first moves to right along directions X for this reason, moves on to the corresponding position, the round left side with φ 15, and main shaft 7 moves down then, and the 4th gauge head 5 enters the measuring position.Second measurement bay 14 is at first measured two plane seam G up and down of right cylinder F
2, G
1With respect to axis of rotation O
1O
2Verticality and seam thickness.At first under industrial control microcomputer control, utilize pivoted frame 13 to forward guide rail 12 to horizontal direction for this reason, at this moment two first gauge heads 8 and second gauge head 9 should be just in time the height place of seam (realizing) up and down by prior adjustment.Second measurement bay 14 to left movement, enters the measuring position in the directions X motion of industrial control microcomputer control lower edge.
(7) under rotary table 3 drove, workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and 3 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.
(8) rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.
(9) industrial control microcomputer calculates the diameter of work that the 4th measuring head 5 measures, if record diameter and φ 15 differs bigger, then according to the difference that calculates, main shaft 7 suitably moves up and down, get back to step (7) then, promptly rotary table 3 rotates, and measures the position of φ 15 circles once more.If record diameter and φ 15 is more or less the same, then directly enter next step.
(10) second measurement bays 2 enter measures second parameter, i.e. bottom surface H
2Location, second measurement bay 2 moves to right along directions X earlier for this reason, moves on to the axis place of rotary table 3, main shaft 7 moves down then, surveys bottom surface H
2Its 3rd gauge head 15 in being installed in the rotary table hole is measured the wall thickness of bottom surface H.First measurement bay 14 moves along directions X and moves right, and withdraws from the measuring position.
(11) under industrial control microcomputer control, two measurement bays enter the location of measuring next parameter separately.Second measurement bay 2 is measured the position of φ 80 circles, and main shaft 7 at first rises to desired location for this reason, second measurement bay 2 again along directions X to left movement, move on to and measure φ 80 circular hole left surfaces, the 3rd gauge head 5 enters the measuring position.The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface D
1, D
2Wall thickness and wall thickness poor, and circular conical surface D
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.At first rotate pivoted frame 13 for this reason, Z is forwarded to and circular conical surface D to guide rail 12
1The direction that the right side bus is parallel.Then, under industrial control microcomputer control, first measurement bay 14 moves to left, and the survey end that makes first gauge head 8 is at D
2On the extended line of right side bus, balladeur train 11 moves down to guide rail 12 along Z subsequently, allows first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 enter the measuring position.Because at stop portion, first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 need have bigger spacing just can enter, the measuring staff of first gauge head 9 has yielding mechanism, be that balladeur train 11 allows the measuring staff of first gauge head 9 retreat when guide rail 12 moves down earlier along Z, crossing seam, arriving the measuring position and just allow first gauge head 9 enter duty.In whole motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(12) under rotary table 3 drove, measured workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and 3 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.
(13) rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.
(14) industrial control microcomputer calculates the diameter of work that the 4th gauge head 5 measures, if record diameter and φ 80 differs bigger, then according to the difference that calculates, main shaft 7 suitably moves up and down, get back to step (12) then, promptly rotary table 3 rotates, and measures the position of φ 80 circles once more.If record diameter and φ 80 is more or less the same, then directly enter next step.
The next parameter that (15) second measurement bays 2 are measured is the diameter of face of cylinder F, and the F face is beated with respect to the circle of workpiece axis of rotation.Main shaft 7 rises earlier for this reason, to the position that exceeds workpiece surface.Second measurement bay 2 again along directions X to left movement, move on to the left side of face of cylinder F, main shaft 7 descends, the middle part to face of cylinder F makes the 4th gauge head 5 enter the measuring position.The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is anchor ring C
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.For this reason under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements, first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 enter the measuring position, i.e. C
1Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(16) under rotary table 3 drove, measured workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and 3 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.
(17) rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.
(18) two measurement bays enter the location of measuring next parameter separately.The next parameter that second measurement bay 2 is measured is the diameter of face of cylinder E, and the E face is beated with respect to the circle of workpiece axis of rotation.Main shaft 7 descends earlier for this reason, and second measurement bay 2 moves right along directions X again, moves on to the left side of face of cylinder E, makes the 4th gauge head 5 enter the measuring position.Owing to adopted star to survey end, can guarantee that measuring staff can not collided with the F face when surveying end in contact E face.The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is circular conical surface B
1, B
2Wall thickness and wall thickness poor, and circular conical surface B
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.For this reason under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements, first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 enter the measuring position, i.e. B
1, B
2Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(19) under rotary table 3 drove, measured workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and second gauge head 9 is gathered data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.
(20) rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.
(21) second measurement bays 2 withdraw from, to the original position.The next parameter that first measurement bay 14 is measured is face of cylinder A
1, A
2Diameter, and face of cylinder A
1Circle with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation is beated.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 enter the measuring position, i.e. A for this reason
1, A
2Medium position.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(22) under rotary table 3 drove, measured workpiece 4 rotated continuously.Rotary table 3 revolutions are crossed certain angle, send out a sampling instruction, and 2 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.
(23) rotary table 3 turns over 360 ° and stops operating.
The next parameter that (24) first measurement bays 14 are measured is circular conical surface B
1, B
2The bus straightness error.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow two measuring heads 8 and 9 enter the measuring position, promptly arrive B
1, B
2The lower end, in motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(25) balladeur train 11 moves upward to guide rail 12 along Z, whenever moves a certain distance to send out a sampling instruction, and 2 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.2 gauge heads are measured circular conical surface B
1, B
2The bus straightness error.
The next parameter that (26) first measurement bays 14 are measured is circular conical surface D
1, D
2The bus straightness error.Under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, first measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and second gauge head 9 enter the measuring position, promptly arrive D
1, D
2The lower end, in motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.。
(27) balladeur train 11 moves upward to guide rail 12 along Z, whenever moves a certain distance to send out a sampling instruction, and 2 gauge heads are gathered one group of data.The data that the industrial control microcomputer storage is handled through modulate circuit.2 gauge heads are measured circular conical surface D
1, D
2The bus straightness error.
(28) under industrial control microcomputer control, pivoted frame 13, measurement bay 14 and balladeur train 11 Union Movements allow first gauge head 8 and 9 go back tos original positions of second gauge head.Crossing over stop portion, allowing the measuring staff of outer gauge head 9 make a concession earlier.In motion process, need carry out the anticollision inspection.
(29) after the measurement of finishing the gross section, whether whether the industrial control microcomputer inquiry preserves measurement data, whether shows, prints measurement result, remeasure etc.
The above measuring process at representative workpiece of Chan Shuing.When measuring other workpiece, with workpiece size, shape difference, the parameter different measuring step that needs to measure can change to some extent.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of workpiece and size morpheme error automatic measurement system, comprise measuring machine and electric-control system thereof, it is characterized in that, described electric-control system comprise industrial control microcomputer, industrial control microcomputer is connected with the interface mainboard by control card, and the interface mainboard is connected with gauge head, makes a concession mechanism, temperature sensor, maneuver box, limit switch and a plurality of control and driving circuit; Described control and driving circuit are made of driver, servo motor; Described measuring machine comprises pedestal, measurement bay, fixedly the workpiece installing component and the gauge head of measured workpiece, and the workpiece installing component is made up of rotary table and scroll wheel, and measuring machine is provided with the measurement indicating device.
2, a kind of workpiece according to claim 1 and size morpheme error automatic measurement system is characterized in that, described measurement indicating device is the first grating chi, the second grating chi, first read head and second read head; Described measuring machine pedestal is connected with first measurement bay by the guide rail on it, and first measurement bay can be at its guide rail upper edge X
2The direction motion, the first grating chi is arranged on the pedestal, is used to measure the displacement of first measurement bay, and first read head is arranged on first measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of first measurement bay; First measurement bay is provided with according to measuring the pivoted frame that needs can rotate to required angle, and pivoted frame is provided with the angular encoder of the indication pivoted frame anglec of rotation; Pivoted frame is provided with Z to guide rail, and Z is provided with balladeur train to guide rail, and balladeur train can be at its Z to guide rail upper edge Z
2The direction motion, the second grating chi is arranged on Z on guide rail, is used to measure the displacement of balladeur train, and second read head is arranged on the balladeur train, is used to read the displacement data of balladeur train; Described balladeur train is provided with surveys the seat and second gauge head, and the survey seat is provided with long-armed, long-armed first gauge head that is provided with; Described rotary table is provided with the 3rd gauge head.
3, a kind of workpiece according to claim 2 and size morpheme error automatic measurement system is characterized in that, described measurement indicating device is the 3rd grating chi, the 4th grating chi, third reading number and the 4th read head; Described measuring machine pedestal is connected with second measurement bay by the guide rail on it; Second measurement bay can be at its guide rail upper edge X
1Direction motion, the 3rd grating chi is arranged on the pedestal, is used to measure the displacement of second measurement bay, and the third reading number is arranged on second measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of second measurement bay; Second measurement bay is provided with main shaft, and main shaft can be at the 3rd guide rail upper edge Z
1The direction motion, the 4th grating chi is provided with on the big main shaft, is used to measure the displacement of main shaft, and the 4th read head is arranged on second measurement bay, is used to read the displacement data of main shaft.
4, a kind of workpiece according to claim 1 and size morpheme error automatic measurement system is characterized in that, the 4th gauge head in the described gauge head is the three-dimensional simulation gauge head that band star is surveyed end.
5, a kind of workpiece according to claim 1 and size morpheme error automatic measurement system is characterized in that described industrial control microcomputer internal memory contains real-time Survey Software, and Survey Software is made up of preparation routine, process of measurement and subsequent treatment program in real time; When moving preparation routine, carries out described industrial control microcomputer following steps:
(1) beginning;
(2) input workpiece code;
(3) judging whether to have imported " acquiescence ", is "Yes" as judged result, then execution in step (7);
(4) judged result as step (3) is a "No", and then screen display workpiece classification and prompting are to the installation requirement of scroll wheel;
(5) do you judge whether scroll wheel has been installed appropriate, gauge head and whether proofreaied and correct? as judged result is "Yes", then execution in step (7);
(6) judged result as step (5) is a "No", then adjusts, proofreaies and correct and return step (5);
Does (7) judging that screen is pointed out go home? as judged result is "Yes", then execution in step (10);
(8) judged result as step (7) is a "No", then judge whether coming home now?
(9) judged result as step (8) is a "Yes", and then measuring machine is gone home and returned step (7);
(10) workpiece is installed;
(11) do you judge that workpiece is installed to finish?
(12) judged result as step (11) is a "Yes", then the operating measurement program;
Carry out following steps during described industrial control microcomputer operating measurement program:
(13) at first input needs the cross section of measurement to count the M that counts that measures on N and each cross section;
(14) the current measurement of record cross section i=1;
(15) calculate or call the position of initial measurement point;
(16) first measurement bays and second measurement bay enter the measuring position;
(17) worktable rotates;
(18) read the worktable rotational angle theta;
(19) do you judge θ=2k π/M? wherein k be any positive integer 1,2 ...
(20) judged result as step (19) is a "Yes", the reading and preserved by industrial control microcomputer of then sampling;
(21) do you judge θ=2 π?
(22) judged result as step (21) is a "Yes", and then worktable stops operating;
(23)i＝i+1；
(24) do you judge i=N? as judged result is "Yes", then moves the subsequent treatment program;
(25) judged result as step (24) is a "No", then calculates or call the position and the generatrix direction of next point;
(26) first measurement bays and second measurement bay enter next point measurement position, return step (17);
When described industrial control microcomputer moves the subsequent treatment program, carry out following steps:
(27) judge whether deposit? as judged result is "No", then execution in step (40);
(28) judged result as step (27) is "Yes", then import file name;
(29) deposit;
(30) judge whether to carry out immediately data processing? as judged result is "No", then execution in step (32);
(31) judged result as step (30) is a "Yes", then carries out data processing;
(32) deposit data result and filename labelled;
(33) judge whether to show measurement result? as judged result is "No", then execution in step (40);
(34) judged result as step (33) is a "Yes", then selects display items display;
(35) show this content;
(36) judge whether to print this content? as judged result is "No", then execution in step (38);
(37) judged result as step (36) is a "Yes", then prints;
(38) judge whether to need to show other project? as judged result is "No", then execution in step (40);
(39) be "Yes" as step (38) judged result, then return step (34);
(40) judge whether and to resurvey? as judged result is "Yes", then connects the process of measurement starting point, the operating measurement program;
(41) judged result as step (40) is a "Yes", then finishes.
6, a kind of workpiece according to claim 5 and size morpheme error automatic measurement system is characterized in that described industrial control microcomputer internal memory contains the data processing subroutine, carry out following steps when the industrial control microcomputer service data is handled subroutine:
(1) reads in data;
(2) carry out the data pre-service;
(3) match is carried out in the circular section of revolving body workpieces diameter 15mm position;
(4) match is carried out in the circular section of revolving body workpieces diameter 80mm position;
(5) determine solid of revolution axis O
1O
2Position and solid of revolution axis O
1O
2Locality;
(6) to plane G
1Carry out plane fitting;
(7) to plane G
2Carry out plane fitting;
(8) its plane normal vector is asked on the plane that (6) (7) are determined respectively;
(9) ask plane G
1With plane G
2The error of perpendicularity;
(10) determine face of cylinder A on the solid of revolution
1And A
2, circular conical surface B
1And B
2, anchor ring C
1And C
2, circular conical surface D
1And D
2, the reference point locations of beating on face of cylinder E and the F;
(11) ask described face of cylinder A successively
1And A
2, circular conical surface B
1And B
2, anchor ring C
1And C
2, circular conical surface D
1And D
2, beating and circular runout on face of cylinder E and the F;
(12) ask described face of cylinder A successively
1, A
2, E, F the match face of cylinder;
(13) ask described face of cylinder A successively
1, A
2, E, F diameter;
(14) ask (6) (7) lining face G of institute
2, G
1Between distance;
(15) ask the measured plane G in (6) (7)
2, G
1The seam average thickness value, maximal value, the minimum value that form;
(16) calculate solid of revolution small end bottom plane H
1And H
2Between wall thickness;
(17) calculate circular conical surface B on the solid of revolution
1With circular conical surface B
2, circular conical surface D
1With circular conical surface D
2, the workpiece wall wall thickness that forms respectively;
(18) determine circular conical surface B on the solid of revolution
1With circular conical surface B
2, circular conical surface D
1With circular conical surface D
2, the workpiece that forms respectively wall thickness poor;
(19) to circular conical surface B on the solid of revolution
1, circular conical surface B
2, circular conical surface D
1, circular conical surface D
2Bus carry out fitting a straight line;
(20) calculate circular conical surface B on the solid of revolution
1, circular conical surface B
2, circular conical surface D
1, circular conical surface D
2The straightness error of bus;
(21) reach a conclusion;
(22) return master routine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200510013123XA CN100334421C (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Automatic measuring system for wall thickness and size error of workpiece |
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| CN100334421C true CN100334421C (en) | 2007-08-29 |
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| CN102175205B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-05-08 | 西安理工大学 | Device and method for measuring contour line of pipe wall thickened section of drill rod |
| CN102435156B (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-10-16 | 上海大学 | Large cylindrical workpiece dimension and geometric error measurement method |
| CN103267476B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2015-07-29 | 东北石油大学 | A kind of device detecting iron-based closed container adhesion layer defect |
| CN112033324B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-09-21 | 江南工业集团有限公司 | Detection method for wall thickness and wall thickness difference of double cones |
| CN113624132B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-06-30 | 迈胜医疗设备有限公司 | C-shaped inner frame rotation center debugging method and C-shaped inner frame mounting structure |
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| EP0281035A2 (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1988-09-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Monitoring process for the electrodynamic wall thickness and error investigation |
| JPH02156103A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-06-15 | Emhart Ind Inc | Inspection machine for wall thickness of glass vessel |
| JPH08178627A (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1996-07-12 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Tube thickness inspection method |
| CN1227915A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-09-08 | 欧文斯-布洛克威玻璃容器有限公司 | Measurement of container wall thickness |
| CN2639844Y (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2004-09-08 | 双远华 | Measuring device for wall thickness of seamless steel pipe |
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|---|---|
| CN1645043A (en) | 2005-07-27 |
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