CN100334243C

CN100334243C - Technological method of extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash

Info

Publication number: CN100334243C
Application number: CNB2005100177356A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严瑞山; 曲万山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-06-28
Filing date: 2005-06-28
Publication date: 2007-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 2025-06-28
Also published as: CN1718807A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a technological method for extracting aluminium silicon alloy from pulverized coal ash which comprises a great amount of aluminium and silicon elements. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention adopts an ore furnace to directly extract the aluminium silicon alloy from the pulverized coal ash. The extracting process comprises the following procedures: the pulverized coal ash, an additive agent, a reducing agent, a binding agent, etc. are metered and weighed, 10 tons of the pulverized coal ash, 1.8 tons of powdered coke and bitumite, 2.4 tons of alumyte and 0.7 ton of the binding agent are proportionally mixed and evenly stirred after metered and weighed to be rolled into high-strength pellets; after cured and dried, the pellets are placed in the ore furnace, smelted in the temperature of 1600 to 2200DEG C and discharged successively 4 hours later; a refining agent is added into a refining furnace, refined in the temperature of 1400 to 1800DEG C for 0.3 to 1 hour, and then, slag is removed by vacuum filtration, and ingots are cast. Al2O3 in raw materials has a content of greater than 20 to 60 percent, SiO2 has a content of greater than 20 to 60 percent, and the total content of the aluminium and the silicon in smelted finished ingots is greater than 70 percent.

Description

The processing method of extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash

Technical field:

The present invention relates to utilize the aluminium element silicon in the flyash, adopt hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace directly to extract the aluminum silicon alloy technical field, particularly a kind of: the processing method of extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash.

Background technology:

At present, a large amount of flyash that the coal-burning power plant produces, the approach of its processing generally seldom a part be used for making hollow brick, major part is buried as waste, power plant will be by 30 yuan of payment environmental protection offal treatment expenses per ton, for power plant, this is a no small expense, main is that the flyash processing will take very big cultivated area, original China land resources is just very poor, produce the flyash that produces by all power plant of the whole nation and calculate, the arable land that takies every year just reaches hundreds thousand of mus, so that also do not address this problem well in the world; In addition, burying of flyash still can cause great water and soil to pollute, and it has endless trouble.

Summary of the invention:

Handle difficult technical problem in order to solve flyash, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of: the processing method of extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, by from flyash, extracting aluminum silicon alloy, the one, solve fly ash in electric power plant and handle difficult problem, the 2nd, make power plant that new growth engines arranged, the 3rd, make the raw material of aluminum silicon alloy that new source arranged, the 4th, alleviated automotive industry, the material anxiety of space industry aluminum silicon alloy and the situation that holds at high price.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme, realizes the foregoing invention purpose:

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, through test many times, in flyash, contain a large amount of aluminium element silicons, adopt the hot stove in ore deposit, blast furnace directly extracts aluminum silicon alloy from flyash, leaching process: with flyash, additive, reductive agent, material meterings such as binding agent are weighed, be mixed in proportion and stir, be rolled into high-intensity pelletizing, after the maintenance drying, place the melting under 1600 ℃ of-2200 ℃ of temperature of hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace, came out of the stove successively later in 4 hours, add refining agent in refining furnace, through 0.3-1 hour refining, temperature was 1400-1800 ℃, vacuum filtration slagging-off then, ingot casting, the Al in the raw material ₂O ₃Content more than 20%-60%, SiO ₂More than 20%-60%, the aluminium silicon total content after the melting in the finished ingot is greater than 70%.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, the reductive agent that it adopted, requirement in high temperature except that having higher resistivity and reducing power, the ash content detrimental impurity will lack, and it is high that the briquetting performance is wanted, and its granularity is in≤2mm scope, wherein 2mm≤10%, below 1-2mm≤35%, 1mm 〉=55%, the ratio of reductive agent and flyash is 25-10: 75-90; Additive particle size in≤1mm scope, wherein 1mm≤10%, 0.5-1mm≤35%, 0.5mm following 〉=55%, the ratio of additive and flyash is determined according to aluminium, silicon actual content and the aluminum silicon alloy trade mark standard of flyash; Binding agent adopts organic composition such as cellulose family organic binder bond, oven dry back pelletizing moisture≤1%, adopt inorganic composition such as cement clinker class mineral binder bond, the dry back of maintenance pelletizing moisture≤1%, the ratio of binding agent and flyash is 10-5: 90-95, and the pelletizing of making will have higher reduction rate and response capacity, the dried intensity 〉=1500N/ of pelletizing, in the high temperature of smelting furnace 1600-2200 ℃ reducing atmosphere, pelletizing must not efflorescence; Power 〉=the 16500KVA of the hot stove in used ore deposit, high furnace capacity is greater than 30 cubic metres, and refining furnace is a plurality of, must mate with the throughput of hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace; Used refining agent adds when refining in proportion, adopts vacuum filtration slagging-off, ingot casting.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, wherein reductive agent is bituminous coal, hard coal, petroleum pitch or coke powder, with the ratio of flyash be 25-10: 75-90.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, wherein additive is a bauxite, and bauxite is the main raw material that refines aluminium, and adding proportion is determined according to aluminium, silicon actual content and the aluminum silicon alloy trade mark standard of flyash.Owing to wherein usually contain micro-rare elements such as gallium, germanium, uranium, nickel, chromium, niobium, therefore, be the Mineral resources that economic worth is arranged very much.The bauxite deposit of China originates in the carboniferous period and the Permian stratum mostly, is formed at Oceanic Sedimentary Environments.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, wherein additive also can be a kaolin, adding proportion is determined according to aluminium, silicon actual content and the aluminum silicon alloy trade mark standard of flyash.

The mineralogical composition of bauxite mainly is the oxyhydroxide of aluminium:

Table 1 bauxite main chemical compositions and mineralogical composition

Chemical ingredients (%)
Chemical ingredients (%)											Become the component ratio	Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂	Fe ₂O ₃	TiO ₂	CaO	Na ₂O	K ₂O	MgO	Igloss
63.94	4.11	14.00	3.50	0.092	0.080	0.090	0.052	14.00				Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂	Fe ₂O ₃	TiO ₂	CaO	Na ₂O	K ₂O	MgO	Igloss
63.94	4.11	14.00	3.50	0.092	0.080	0.090	0.052	14.00		Mineralogical composition (%)
Become the component ratio	Diaspore	Gibbsite	Pyrrhosiderite	Rhombohedral iron ore	Kaolinite	Anatase octahedrite	Rutile	Illite	Chlorite	Mineralogical composition (%)											Quartzy
	Diaspore	Gibbsite	Pyrrhosiderite	Rhombohedral iron ore	Kaolinite	Anatase octahedrite	Rutile	Illite	Chlorite	70.44	1.50	10.6	4.50	5.50	2.90	0.60	2.0	1.0	0.4		Quartzy

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, wherein the ratio of binding agent and flyash is 10-5: 90-95.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, wherein refining agent is sodium fluoroaluminate, Sodium Fluoride and zinc chloride, and ratio is 2-1: 0.9-0.6: 0.7-0.3, and total consumption is the 5%-10% of ton alloy.

The processing method of described extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash, its technical process: reductive agent, additive are after broken, grinding prepare, with flyash, binding agent computation weigh, put into stirrer in proportion and mix kneading evenly, be rolled into pelletizing through the high pressure ball press, wherein roll squeezer be pressed into the intensity of pelletizing must be greater than 1500N/.The hot stove power of its chats is greater than 16500KVA, after furnace processor is moisture≤1% greater than 30T by cryodrying device maintenance drying, send into the melting under 1600 ℃ of-2200 ℃ of temperature of hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace, came out of the stove successively later in 4 hours, in refining furnace, add refining agent, through 0.3-1 hour refining, vacuum filtration slagging-off then, ingot casting, the warehouse-in of cleaning transhipment after cooling.

Social effect and economic benefit behind employing the present invention are very big, and through for many years, evidence many times: the chemical ingredients of flyash and mineral composition are very big Energy resources:

Because the chemical ingredients of flyash is to be determined by the composition of raw coal and combustion conditions; Data mobility scale according to 40 large power plants of China is as shown in table 1:

Composition	SiO ₂	Al ₂O ₃	Fe ₂O ₃	CaO	MgO	SO ₃	Loss on ignition
Composition	SiO ₂	Al ₂O ₃	Fe ₂O ₃	CaO	MgO	SO ₃	Loss on ignition	Variation range	20-62	10-60	3-19	1-45	0.2-5	0.02-4	0.6-51

SiO ₂And AlO ₂It is the main active ingredient of flyash.The SiO of the most fly ash in electric power plant of China ₂+ Al ₂O ₃All more than 70%.Objectionable constituent in the flyash are uncombusted carbon granules, and its water-absorbent is big, and intensity is low, and easy-weathering is objectionable constituent.The mineral composition of flyash mainly is vitreum, mullite, quartz and other mineral on a small quantity.By SEM as seen, being mainly particle in irregular shape and a part of tiny balloon forms.Siliceous higher SiO in the Vitrea chemical ingredients ₂Be 60%-65%, the low Al of aluminum content ₂O ₃Be 12%-20%.

The invention solves fly ash in electric power plant and handle difficult problem, occupy limit ground resource area for cutting, the problem of environmental pollution order; Make power plant that new growth engines arranged, reduced the effluent charge that power plant need pay every year, getting up at long last also is a no small numeral; Making the raw material of aluminum silicon alloy that new source arranged, saved ore resource, is one to benefit the ten million generation mankind's very large contribution; Automotive industry, the material anxiety of space industry aluminum silicon alloy and the situation that holds at high price have been alleviated.

This invention flyash extracts the byproduct behind the silumin, and slag can be as the production materials of cement products.

Embodiment one:

With 10 tons in flyash, 1.8 tons in coke powder and bituminous coal, 2.4 tons in bauxite, behind 0.7 ton of computation weigh of binding agent, put into stirrer in proportion and mix kneading evenly, be rolled into pelletizing through the high pressure ball press, after being moisture≤1% by cryodrying device maintenance drying, send into the melting under 1900 ℃ of-2200 ℃ of temperature of the hot stove in ore deposit, came out of the stove successively later in 4 hours, in refining furnace, add 0.3 ton sodium fluoroaluminate, the refining agent that Sodium Fluoride and zinc chloride are formed, refining through 0.8 hour, vacuum filtration slagging-off then, ingot casting becomes after the cooling and contains Al50.16%, contains the aluminum silicon alloy of Si23.27%.

Embodiment two:

2 tons in flyash, 0.4 ton in coke powder and bituminous coal, 0.5 ton of kaolin, behind 0.15 ton of computation weigh of binding agent, put into stirrer in proportion and mix kneading evenly, be rolled into pelletizing through the high pressure ball press, after being moisture≤1% by cryodrying device maintenance drying, send into blast furnace melting under 1600 ℃ of-1800 ℃ of temperature, came out of the stove successively later in 4 hours, in refining furnace, add 0.07 ton sodium fluoroaluminate, the refining agent that Sodium Fluoride and zinc chloride are formed, refining through 0.5 hour, vacuum filtration slagging-off then, ingot casting becomes after the cooling and contains Al 60.77%, and the aluminium silicon that contains Si20.14% closes surplus.

Claims

1, a kind of processing method of extracting aluminium silicon alloy from fly ash is characterized in that: adopt the hot stove in ore deposit directly to extract aluminum silicon alloy from flyash; With flyash, additive, reductive agent, binder material computation weigh, the Al in the flyash ₂O ₃Content more than 10%-60%, SiO ₂More than 20%-62%; Its additive alum clay ore deposit, mineralogical composition mainly is the oxyhydroxide of aluminium, its chemical ingredients %:Al ₂O ₃63.94, SiO ₂4.11, Fe ₂O ₃14.00, TiO ₂3.50, CaO 0.092, Na ₂O 0.080, K ₂O 0.090, MgO 0.052, adding proportion is determined according to aluminium, silicon actual content and the aluminum silicon alloy trade mark standard of flyash; Its reductive agent bituminous coal, hard coal, petroleum pitch and coke powder, with the ratio of flyash be 25-10: 75-90; Binding agent adopts organic Mierocrystalline cellulose or inorganic cement clinker; The dry back of maintenance pelletizing moisture≤1%; The ratio of binding agent and flyash is 10-5: 90-95, the dried intensity 〉=1500N/ of pelletizing, and in the high temperature of the hot stove 1600-2200 ℃ reducing atmosphere in ore deposit, pelletizing must not efflorescence; The reductive agent that adopts requires in high temperature except that having higher resistivity and reducing power, and the ash content detrimental impurity will lack, and it is high that the briquetting performance is wanted, its granularity in≤2mm scope, wherein 2mm≤10%, 1-2mm≤35%, 1mm following 〉=55%; Additive particle size in≤1mm scope, wherein 1mm≤10%, 0.5-1mm≤35%, 0.5mm following 〉=55%; With 10 tons in flyash, 1.8 tons in coke powder and bituminous coal, 2.4 tons in bauxite, behind 0.7 ton of computation weigh of binding agent, be mixed in proportion and stir, be rolled into high-intensity pelletizing, after the maintenance drying, place the melting under 1600 ℃ of-2200 ℃ of temperature of the hot stove in ore deposit, came out of the stove successively later in 4 hours; In refining furnace, add refining agent, refining agent is sodium fluoroaluminate, Sodium Fluoride and zinc chloride, ratio is 2-1: 0.9-0.6: 0.7-0.3, total consumption is the 5%-10% of alloy, refining through 0.3-1 hour, temperature is 1400-1800 ℃, vacuum filtration slagging-off then, ingot casting, and the aluminium silicon total content in the finished ingot is greater than 70%.