CN1003319B - Rotary compressor lubrication arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

In a rotary hermetic compressor an improved lubrication arrangement is provided for the sliding cylinder vanes. An oil pump in the lower portion of the crankshaft extends into the oil sump of the compressor. The oil pump comprises an axial aperture in the crankshaft which angles diagonally radially outwardly in the upward direction. Oil is pumped through this aperture into an annulus surrounding the crankshaft. A passageway in the outboard bearing conducts the oil radially outwardly from the annulus and then upwardly against gravity to a vertical oil channel which is open to both sides of the sliding vane and adjacent thereto. The positive pressure provided by the oil pump will ensure that the oil channel is filled with oil at all times. Excess oil exits at the upper end of the vane through a relief in the main bearing and then flows down around the cylinder by gravity and into the oil sump.

Description

The lubricating fitting of rotary compressor

The invention relates to a kind of rotary compressor of sealing, for example refrigerator, freezer and air regulator or the like compress refrigerant to be used for refrigeration system.The present invention be more particularly directed to the method for lubricated sliding blade in the rotary compressor.

The rotary compressor of the sealing of prior art generally includes the casing of placing motor and compressor cylinder.The bent axle that motor driving has eccentric part rotates in the vestibule at compressor cylinder middle part.Eccentric part has a roller to be installed in rotation on it, and it can rotate in vestibule when bent axle rotated.Be installed on the chute in the cylinder barrel wall slidably one or several sliding blade and roller and cooperate pumping action is provided, in the cylinder barrel chamber, compress refrigerant.

The working part of the rotary compressor of sealing is machined into point-device tolerance of size and high surface finishment, also improves its efficient greatly with the leakage that prevents compressor.Importantly correct lubricated working part is with the protection finished surface.In addition, each active part of importantly correct lubricate compressors is so that dynamic friction is less and frictional loss is reduced as far as possible.At last, provide enough lubricated heat minimums that frictional loss is produced, reduce transmission of heat and improve compressor efficiency.

The hermetic rotary compressor of prior art provides the lubricating fitting of multiple pattern.Usually, the pump mechanism of some pattern is upwards pumped oil from the oil storage tank of compressor bottom in the lubricating fitting of prior art, and distributing to needs lubricated position.Oil is outwards thrown the top of compressor usually by centrifugal force, drip the part that need lubricate with lubricate compressors downwards by gravity then.Remaining oil returns in the oil storage tank by gravity.Some examples of lubricating fitting of prior art that adopt centrifugal distribution power and gravity are as shown in U. S. Patent, and for example U. S. Patent 3,804, and No. 202,2,623, No. 365,2,883, No. 101,2,246,276 and 3,802, No. 937 etc.

One of problem that the hermetic compressor lubricating fitting of prior art is run into is the shortage of oil that arrives the compressor key area.Rely on gravity or outwards centrifugal force oiling agent is thrown, the moving parts of compressor key area may can't accept enough oil thereby can not be suitable lubricated.Particularly compressor sliding blade surface because continuous blade loads significantly reduces the time of the blade groove intermittent oiling of compressor cylinder, just more needs well lubricated.Easier approaching fuel feeding promotes lubricated and reduces blade wear.In addition, because the both sides of sliding blade all will well be lubricated, lubricating fitting preferably can fully provide oiling agent to go to the both sides of sliding blade.

Another problem that the compressor of prior art is run into is the high side to low side leakage of refrigerant from blade.The sliding blade of rotary compressor is isolated area of low pressure and the high-pressure area in the compressor vestibule, so the refrigerant attempt is leaked to low voltage side from the high pressure side along blade side, top and bottom.Because the leakage of compression refrigerant means the merit loss and reduces the efficient of compressor, therefore, suitable lubricating preferably can be provided the both sides of blade, make the both sides of compressor blade produce one deck oil film, oil film forms hydraulic seal between the blade groove of sliding blade and cylinder barrel wall.Oil sealing blocks refrigerant along vane leakage.

Another problem again that the hermetic rotary compressor of prior art is run into is that lubricant oil is not to offer lubricated zone under positive pressure, and transferring oil always is not full of oil for those regional oil ducts like this.Because this defective, just for want of the oiling agent of sufficient amount and can not be suitable lubricated.Therefore preferably oil is transported to lubricated zone under positive pressure,, can makes oil reach each part in lubricated zone simultaneously so that can obtain sufficient fuel feeding all the time.

The lubricating fitting that the invention provides a kind of improved rotary compressor is with the shortcoming of the hermetic rotary compressor that overcomes above-mentioned prior art.

A kind of pattern according to the present invention provides the lubricating fitting of hermetic rotary compressor, and wherein oil pump is provided to oil the both sides of sliding blade under positive pressure, and remaining oil returns oil groove by gravity.

According to a kind of pattern of the present invention, it includes the lubricating fitting of hermetic rotary compressor, and the oil pump that wherein is positioned at the bent axle bottom extends to the oil storage tank of compressor.Oil pump includes the axial bore in the bent axle bottom, its radially outward inclination up.Oil is drawn in the annular chamber of bent axle and goes through this hole.The passage of the outboard bearing of compressor and this annular chamber are communicated with, and oil is overcome gravity then from the guiding of annular chamber radially outward upwards enter into a pair of vertical oil duct under positive pressure, the close blade of oil duct, and unlimited to the blade both sides.The positive pressure that oil pump provides guarantees that oil duct is full of oil all the time.Residual oil is discharged from the blade upper end, and the exhaust port through main bearing is downward through cylinder barrel by gravity and returns oil storage tank.

One of advantage of lubricating fitting of the present invention is that it provides the blade of the lubricant oil of sufficient amount to compressor all the time.

Another advantage of the present invention is that lubricant oil is the sliding blade of supplying with compressor under positive pressure, so the lubricating blade that the many height of pasta of oil storage tank can both be suitable no matter.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the lubricant oil that lubricating fitting offers the sliding blade of hermetic rotary compressor forms hydraulic seal around compressor blade.

The present invention also has another advantage to be provided with lubrication channel in abutting connection with sliding blade exactly, so there is the oil of sufficient amount to come the place of lubricating blade maximum load all the time.

Advantage according to structure of the present invention also has the frictional loss of compressor to keep minimum by suitable lubricated can making it, and has improved the efficient of compressor.

The further advantage of structure of the present invention is that the heat of frictional loss generation is minimum, and transmission of heat also reduces as far as possible, thereby has improved the efficient of compressor.

The further advantages of structure of the present invention are because the proper lubrication of compressor blade makes blade wear reach minimum.

A kind of pattern of the present invention includes rotary compressor.This compressor includes rotating bent axle and the sliding blade that is connected with bearing, and sliding blade has two slidingsurfaces at least.Compressor equipment lubricating fitting with lubricating blade, lubricating fitting includes oil storage tank and the oil pump device that is positioned at bottom of shell, oil pump device and oil storage tank communicate, oil is upwards aspirated from oil storage tank, compressor also is equipped with the device that oil is directed under positive pressure lubrication channel from oil pump device, and this lubrication channel is in abutting connection with two slip surfaces of blade with lubricating blade.

In addition, a kind of pattern of the present invention includes rotary compressor, and this compressor includes rotor and compressor cylinder, and rotor has one and is contained on the bearing and rotating axle, and cylinder barrel and bearing are concentric.On the cylindrical wall of cylinder barrel blade groove is arranged, and have at least the blade of two slip surfaces to be slidably mounted in this groove.Provide lubricant oil to include the oil storage tank of bottom of shell to the lubricating fitting of blade, in bent axle the oil upwards oil pump device of suction and the oily passage in bearing.In the oil passage is directed to blade lubricating fitting on the cylinder barrel to oil from the crank pump device under positive pressure radially outwardly, with two slip surfaces of lubricating blade.

According to a kind of pattern of the present invention, the compression hermetic rotary compressor that refrigerant is used also is provided, it includes casing, the motor of Driven Compressor and by motor-driven bent axle.Bent axle is contained in the clutch shaft bearing and second bearing and cylinder barrel is installed between the two bearings and and two bearings concentric.Blade groove is arranged in the casing wall and blade is slidably mounted in the groove.The lube plant of lubricating blade include the oil storage tank that is positioned at the bottom of the casing and at bent axle oil from the oil storage tank oil pump device of suction upwards.Pump-unit includes the axial bore on the bent axle, and this hole axially upwards and from crankshaft center line tilts to stretch out.The top of axial bore and the radial passage on the bent axle communicate, and oil is directed in the circular groove of bent axle.The passage of clutch shaft bearing is directed to oil on the blade from circular groove under positive pressure.At least one oil duct passes cylinder barrel, and the oil duct axis is parallel with crankshaft center line, and oil duct had not only communicated with blade groove but also communicated with the passage of clutch shaft bearing.

An object of the present invention is to provide the sliding blade of a kind of lubricating fitting with the rotary compressor of pressure lubrication sealing.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of oil lubrication device of rotary compressor of sealing, and wherein oil is to offer the zone that compressor need lubricate under positive pressure, and returns oil storage tank by gravity.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of oil lubrication device of hermetic rotary compressor, wherein be provided with an oil duct and blade and blade groove in abutting connection with and communicate, thereby oil is aspirated up and is directed under positive pressure the oil duct with lubricating blade from oil storage tank.

Another purpose again of the present invention provides a kind of oil lubrication device of hermetic rotary compressor, and wherein the blade oiling agent forms hydraulic seal to blade, thereby reduces the leakage of refrigerant.

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of compressor.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view along the compressor of Fig. 1 line 2-2 intercepting.

Fig. 3 is the planimetric map of lower bearing.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the lower bearing of Fig. 3 line 4-4.

Fig. 5 is the side view of bent axle.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view along the bent axle of Fig. 5 line 6-6.

Fig. 7 is the sectional view along the disconnection of Fig. 2 line 7-7.

Embodiments of the invention as shown in drawings, with particular reference to Fig. 1, a kind of compressor has casing, and label is 10 usually.Casing has top 12, bottom 16 and middle part 14.These three housing parts are fixed together hermetically with welding or brazing.Flange 18 is soldered at the end of casing 10 and is used for installing compressor.Being installed in the casing of sealing is that label is 20 motor, and motor has on stator 22 and 24 ° of stators of rotor winding 23 is housed.Stator is fixed in the casing 10 with shrink fit with for example being press-fitted.Rotor 24 has center hole 25, and bent axle 26 usefulness are fixed with pressure in the hole 25.Terminal group 28 is contained on the compressor top 12 in order to compressor is connected with power supply.

Refrigerant discharge tube 30 stretches out from the top 12 of casing, the inside that compressor is inserted in its end 32, as shown in the figure.Pipe is connected with casing 10 at 31 places hermetically with soldering.Same, pumping tube 34 extend into the inside of compressor case 10 and sealing there, and this is further described below.The outer end 36 of pumping tube 34 is connected with storage 38.Storage has dunnage 40 to support filter screen 42.

Concrete with reference to figure 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, can see bent axle 26 has eccentric part 44, and when bent axle 26 was driven and rotated by rotor 24, eccentric part was rotated around crankshaft center line.Counterweight 27 is used for balance off-centre 44, and with riveted fixing to the end ring 47 of rotor 24.Bent axle 26 is contained in the main bearing 46, and main bearing has the cylindrical shaft neck portion 48 and the mounting portion 50 on plane normally.As Fig. 2 knew expression, planar section 50 was fixed on the casing 10 at three point 52 places, for example flange 54 is welded on the casing.

Second bearing or thrust journal 56 are referred to as outboard bearing sometimes, are configured in the bottom of casing 10.As Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 clearly described, base bearing 56 had with holes 59 necked part 58 and planar section 60.The bottom 62 of bent axle 26 is contained in the necked part of outboard bearing 56, as shown in Figure 1.

Be installed between main bearing 46 and the outboard bearing 56 is compressor cylinder 66.Compressor cylinder 66, outboard bearing 56 and six bolts 68 of main bearing 46 usefulness are fixed together, and one of them bolt as shown in Figure 1.With reference to figure 2, can see has six holes 70 to be used for a bearing 46,56 and cylinder barrel 66 to be fixed together on the cylinder barrel 66.Hole 70, the hole 72 on the cylinder barrel 66 that bolt 68 passes on the main bearing 46 are screwed into the tapped hole 74 on the base bearing 56.If the cylinder barrel axial dimension is enough big, these six bolts 68 can replace with 12 bolts, and wherein six bolts are fixed to outboard bearing 56 on the cylinder barrel 66 and are screwed in the cylinder barrel 66.All the other six bolts are fixed main bearing 46 and cylinder barrel 66 and be screwed in the cylinder barrel 66.Discharge silencing apparatus 76 and also be fixed on the main bearing 46 with bolt 66, as shown in Figure 1, the cryogenic gases of compression is drained into the off-load space 78 that top surface limited of discharging silencing apparatus 76 and bearing plane part 50 through flow-off 64.78 three openings 80 through silencing apparatus 76 are discharged in the casing 10 refrigerant from the off-load space, and one of them opening 80 as shown in Figure 1.

Can see with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2 in the cylindrical wall of cylinder barrel 66 has blade groove 82, and sliding blade 84 is installed within it.Roller 86 is settled around the eccentric part 44 of bent axle 26, can be around the axis rotation of bent axle 26 when being driven by eccentric part 44.When blade 84 when being installed in spring 89 in the spring seat 90 and pushing roller to, the tip 88 of sliding blade 84 is connected engagement with roller 86.Can see with reference to figure 2, during compressor operating, when roller 86 turns clockwise around vestibule 92, the minimum cylinder volume that oil roller 86, vestibule 92 and sliding blade 84 are sealed reduces gradually.Therefore the refrigerant that is included in this volume is compressed.Discharge by the flow-off on the cylinder barrel 64 then, as previously described.Being placed in expulsion valve (not shown) on the main bearing 46 is discharged to refrigerant in the off-load space 78 that the planar section 50 of discharging silencing apparatus 76 and main bearing 46 limited and goes.The refrigerant of compression is discharged in the sealed enclosure 10 of compressor through three discharge apertures 80 on the silencing apparatus 76 from discharging silencing apparatus 76.Refrigerant directly enters motor windings 23, thereby winding is cooled off.

As shown in Figure 2, pipe 94 and 96 stretches out from compression case and to be connected on the pad cooler (not shown), and this is known by people in the prior art.Pumping tube 34 stretches in the casing 10 also sealed, as Fig. 1 institute clearly represents.The part 100 of pumping tube 34 stretches in the hole 102 on cylinder barrel 66 walls.Hole 102 passes completely through the cylinder barrel wall and vestibule 92 communicates, as shown in Figure 2.O-ring seals 104 and holes 102 that pipe 34 usefulness are placed in the circular groove 106 on the casing wall of cylinder barrel 66 seal.Columniform soldering flange 108 is fixing pipe 34 and casing 10, and flange 108 is led away heat from managing 34 when pipe 34 is soldered on the casing.Section 110 enlarges from managing 34, and section 110 and pipe 34 be a space 112 at interval.Section 110 is led heat to go to casing 10 and get on from being managed 34.

Clearly the expression, bent axle 26 is provided with an axial bore 114 as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 institute, and it passes completely through the top of bent axle, as shown in the figure.Hole 116 pass bent axle 26 bottom 117 whole length and and hole 114 communicate.The lower end 62 of bent axle 26 is contained in the outboard bearing 56, outboard bearing 56 extend into the oil storage tank 120 that is arranged in casing lower casing part 16 and goes, should notice that hole 116 is making progress upward from the outside bifurcated of the radial axis of bent axle, so hole 116 is inclined upwardly, the top in hole and the spaced radial of crankshaft center line are bigger than the bottom in hole.When bent axle 26 turning handles oil inlet hole 116, because the tilted alignment in hole 116, oil outwards throws away by centrifugal force.Hole 116 is supplied with opening 119 on the bent axle 26 to oil under positive pressure with lubricated roller 86.Radial passage 122 includes the annular space 126 that outside opening 124 extends to around bent axle 26 and goes.Provide a chamber that oil 116 is flowed in it from the pump hole under positive pressure together around the circular groove 126 of bent axle 26 and the horn mouth 127 on the outboard bearing 56.Oil will outwards flow out through passage 128 from circular groove 126 under positive pressure, as Fig. 4 institute clearly represents.Passage 128 radially stretches out in outboard bearing 56 oil is directed to upwardly extending passage 130.Passage 130 has a horn mouth 132 to nestle up cylinder barrel 66.

As the clearly expression of Fig. 1 institute, it is in the oil duct 134 that passage 130 upwards imports a pair of groove under positive pressure to oil, and oil duct 134 is molded over the both sides of the blade groove 82 in cylinder barrel 66 walls.The position of oil duct 134 is near apart from the outer wall 135 of cylinder barrel 66 apart from vestibule 92 ratios.Oil is supplied with oil duct 134 under positive pressure and is filled up two oil ducts all the time, so blade 84 is lubricated good.Two oil duct 134 adjacent channels 82 and one side are opened wide to groove 82 fully.Oil column around blade in the oil duct 134 will stop cryogenic gases casing from sealing under pressure unloading to be overflowed through blade groove 82, and this is because oil and blade 84 in the oil duct 134 are united the cause that forms hydraulic seal.

Just can see the amplification view of seeing the disconnection of one of them oil duct in the past along Fig. 2 line 7-7 with reference to figure 7.Oil duct 134 its cross sections in the casing wall of cylinder barrel 36 are semicircles, and this can clearly see from Fig. 2 and Fig. 7.Oil duct 134 adjacent channels 82 are provided with and the one side is opened wide to groove along whole axis.Therefore oil can freely contact with the both sides of blade 84.Fig. 7 has also represented the planar section 60 of spring seat 90 and base bearing 56, and planar section 60 has passage 128, and oil is from flowing into upwardly extending passage 130 here.People can see oil will directly upwards flow into oil duct 134 through horn mouth 132 from passage 130, from oily 136 being discharged on cylinder barrel 66 tops, enter the sloping portion 138 of main bearing 46 here.Cylinder barrel 66 inwalls that limit vestibule 92 are also expressed with 140.Oil duct 134 is configured in the blade-section of the local pressure lubrication of the more close vestibule 92 of cylinder barrel wall near vestibule, so supply with oily at the maximum load place.Because the refrigerant attempt is leaked to the low-pressure section in cylinder barrel chamber from the high-pressure section of casing, the position of oil duct is desirable near vestibule, can keep enough oil sealings at the leakage-gap place.Passage 134 is substantially perpendicular to the movement direction of blade 82.Oil turns back to oil storage tank 120 from sloping portion 138 to outflow and around cylinder barrel and base bearing 56 downward dripping.

Therefore, above what disclosed is a kind of rotary compressor of sealing, wherein oil from oil storage tank aspirate up and under positive pressure the radial passage through outboard bearing axially upwards import a pair of oil duct again in abutting connection with blade groove.Oil duct is full of oil always under the positive pressure of pump mechanism, therefore provide suitable lubricated and hydraulic seal to prevent that cryogenic gases is through vane leakage to blade.Vanes is crossed proper lubrication, and its surface temperature can reduce greatly.Proper lubrication and hydraulic seal under positive pressure combine, and can reduce the heat exchange of leaking and reducing the compressor generation, therefore can increase the efficient of compressor.

Have optimal design although the present invention is described as, much less it is can be further improved.Therefore present patent application comprises according to rule various remodeling, application and improvement that the present invention did, comprises that also this paper not have the interior known practical application of technical field under the present invention of narration and belongs to the scope of defined in the claim.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of compressor that is used to compress refrigerant, comprise a shell 10, one is fixed on the electric notor 20 on above-mentioned shell 10 inwalls, one is positioned at above-mentioned shell 10 rotatably is connected bent axle 26 on the said motor 20, described bent axle 26 extends downwardly into the main bearing 46 that is arranged in housing 10 and the hole of bottom bearing 56, this compressor also comprises in above-mentioned shell 10 and is installed in the cylinder that vestibule 92 is arranged 66 between main bearing 46 and the bottom bearing 46, on cylinder 66, have blade groove 82 sliding blade 84 and that be communicated with this vestibule 92 is installed, the both sides of blade groove have the oil duct 134 of lubricating blade, this oil duct 134 reaches the top from the axial bottom of cylinder 66, and this oil duct 134 is opened to this blade groove 82 with whole length basically; This compressor also includes lubricating fitting, and this lubricating fitting comprises the oil storage tank 120 that is positioned at shell 10 bottoms 16, and feature of the present invention is:

A. the runner 116 that has an axioversion on bent axle 26 is as oil pump device,

B. on bottom bearing 56, have from the axial passage 130 that the outward extending runner 128 of brearing bore reaches and runner 128 communicates,

C. when bent axle 26 rotation, oil pump device 116 overcomes gravity to oil and upwards guides to the oil duct 134 of blade 84 both sides each slip surface with lubricating blade 84 by runner 128 and 130 from oil groove 120 under positive pressure.

2,, it is characterized in that this oil duct 134 is semi-circular cross-section as the lubricating fitting in the claim 1.

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