CH716540A1 - Electrochemical energy storage device. - Google Patents
Electrochemical energy storage device. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH716540A1 CH716540A1 CH01074/19A CH10742019A CH716540A1 CH 716540 A1 CH716540 A1 CH 716540A1 CH 01074/19 A CH01074/19 A CH 01074/19A CH 10742019 A CH10742019 A CH 10742019A CH 716540 A1 CH716540 A1 CH 716540A1
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- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- electrochemical cell
- tube
- electrolyte
- shim
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
- H01M10/3954—Sodium-sulfur cells containing additives or special arrangement in the sulfur compartment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
- H01M10/3963—Sealing means between the solid electrolyte and holders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/399—Cells with molten salts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrochemische Zelle (10), basierend auf dem Redoxsystem Na/MCl2 mit einem Na+-Ionen leitenden Keramikelektrolyten (12) und einem Salz als flüssigen Elektrolyten, wobei ein Kathodenraum (11) ausserhalb eines Elektrolytrohres und ein Anodenraum (13) innerhalb eines Elektrolytrohres angeordnet ist.The invention relates to an electrochemical cell (10) based on the redox system Na / MCl2 with an Na + ion conductive ceramic electrolyte (12) and a salt as the liquid electrolyte, with a cathode compartment (11) outside an electrolyte tube and an anode compartment (13) inside an electrolyte tube is arranged.
Description
Beschreibung description
Stand der Technik State of the art
[0001] Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrochemische Zelle zur reversiblen Speicherung elektrischer Energie unter Verwendung der Redoxreaktion The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell for reversible storage of electrical energy using the redox reaction
2 NaCI + M <-> MCI2 + 2 Na 2 NaCl + M <-> MCI2 + 2 Na
mit M als eines der Übergangsmetalle wie beispielsweise Nickel oder Eisen in Verbindung mit einem keramischen Elektrolyt aus ß"- Alumina. Dieser Elektrolyt ist im Allgemeinen rohrförmig mit einem geschlossenen Ende. Diese Zellen haben eineLeerlaufspannung von 2,58 V und nach dem Stand der Technik eine Kapazität im Bereich von 20 Ah bis zu etwas über 100 Ah. Diese Kapazität ist vom Innenvolumen des Elektrolyten bestimmt und die Leistung von seiner Oberfläche. Damit wird das Verhältnis von Leistung zu Energie bei grossen Rohrdurchmessern proportional zu 1/r immer kleiner. with M as one of the transition metals such as nickel or iron in combination with a ceramic electrolyte of β "- alumina. This electrolyte is generally tubular with one closed end. These cells have an open circuit voltage of 2.58 V and, according to the prior art, one Capacity in the range from 20 Ah to a little more than 100 Ah. This capacity is determined by the internal volume of the electrolyte and the power by its surface. With large pipe diameters, the ratio of power to energy becomes smaller and smaller in proportion to 1 / r.
[0002] Die EP 2 541 646 A1 beschreibt eine aktuelle Ausführung der elektrochemischen Zelle hier mit einem kleeblattförmig geformten Elektrolyten, einer komplexen Shim-Struktur, die den Elektrolyten umfasst, und einem Anodenraum fürflüssiges Natrium zwischen dem keramischen Elektrolyten und dem Gehäuse. EP 2 541 646 A1 describes a current version of the electrochemical cell here with a clover-leaf-shaped electrolyte, a complex shim structure that includes the electrolyte, and an anode space for liquid sodium between the ceramic electrolyte and the housing.
[0003] Die US 2017/0104244 A1 beschreibt eine elektrochemische Zelle gleichen Typs. Der Stromableiter für die positive Elektrode ist zentral angeordnet und von der Kathodenmasse umgeben. Die Menge der Kathodenmasse und damit die Zellkapazität ist durch die Grösse des keramischen Elektrolyten begrenzt und um das Volumen des Stromableiters reduziert. US 2017/0104244 A1 describes an electrochemical cell of the same type. The current conductor for the positive electrode is arranged centrally and surrounded by the cathode mass. The amount of cathode mass and thus the cell capacity is limited by the size of the ceramic electrolyte and reduced by the volume of the current arrester.
[0004] Die WO 94/23467 A2 beschreibt die aktiven Komponenten dieses Typs einer elektrochemischen Zelle. WO 94/23467 A2 describes the active components of this type of electrochemical cell.
[0005] Aus der Veröffentlichung T. Oshima, M. Kajita, A. Okuno, Development of Sodium-Sulfur Batteries, Int. J. Appl.Cerarn. Technol., 1 [3] 269-76 (2004) ist bekannt, dass NaS Batteriezellen auch eine für Nationen leitfähige Keramikverwenden und dass bei diesem Zelltyp die negative Elektrode im Inneren des Keramikrohres und die Schwefelelektrode ausserhalb des Keramikrohres angeordnet sind. Die Gründe für diese Anordnung sind die Notwendigkeit einer Natriumsicherheitskartusche, die nur innerhalb des Keramikrohres angeordnet werden kann, einerseits und der Einbau der Schwefelkathode in Form von vorgeformten Schalen andererseits. Diese Unterschiede machten es für das System NaNiCI2 nicht naheliegend, die Kathode nach ausserhalb des Karamikelektrolyten anzuordnen, weil dies mit einer Reduktion der Leistung verbunden wäre. Im Ergebnis werden Zellen mit hoher Leistungsanforderung mit innen liegender Kathode und Zellen mit hoher Energieanforderung mit aussen liegender Kathode ausgeführt. From the publication T. Oshima, M. Kajita, A. Okuno, Development of Sodium-Sulfur Batteries, Int. J. Appl. Cerarn. Technol., 1 [3] 269-76 (2004) it is known that NaS battery cells also use a ceramic that is conductive for nations and that with this cell type the negative electrode is arranged inside the ceramic tube and the sulfur electrode is arranged outside the ceramic tube. The reasons for this arrangement are the need for a sodium safety cartridge, which can only be arranged inside the ceramic tube, on the one hand, and the installation of the sulfur cathode in the form of preformed shells on the other. These differences did not make it obvious for the NaNiCl2 system to position the cathode outside of the caramel electrolyte, because this would be associated with a reduction in output. As a result, cells with high performance requirements are designed with an internal cathode and cells with high energy requirements with an external cathode.
[0006] Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht insbesondere darin, eine Vorrichtung zur Speicherung grosser Mengen elektrischer Energie unter Verwendung der oben genannten Redoxreaktion bereitzustellen, die eine Kapazität von 200 Ah bis über 300 Ah hat und gleichzeitig eine vollständige Entladung in weniger oder gleich 10 Stunden ermöglicht. The object of the invention is in particular to provide a device for storing large amounts of electrical energy using the above-mentioned redox reaction, which has a capacity of 200 Ah to over 300 Ah and at the same time enables a complete discharge in less than or equal to 10 hours .
[0007] Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst, während vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden können. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1, while advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
Vorteile der Erfindung Advantages of the invention
[0008] Es wird eine elektrochemische Energiespeichervorrichtung, insbesondere eine elektrochemische Zelle, vorgeschlagen, basierend auf dem Redoxsystem Na/MCI2, mit einem Nationen leitenden Keramikelektrolyten und einem Salz als flüssigen Elektrolyten wobei ein Kathodenraum ausserhalb eines Elektrolytrohres und ein Anodenraum innerhalb eines Elektrolytrohres angeordnet ist. An electrochemical energy storage device, in particular an electrochemical cell, is proposed, based on the redox system Na / MCI2, with a Nations conductive ceramic electrolyte and a salt as the liquid electrolyte, with a cathode compartment outside an electrolyte tube and an anode compartment inside an electrolyte tube.
[0009] Der keramische Elektrolyt ist die kostenintensivste Komponente der Zelle. Durch die Anordnung der Kathode ausserhalb des Elektrolytrohres kann bezogen auf das Rohr wesentlich mehr Aktivmasse untergebracht werden, wodurch sich die auf den Energieinhalt bezogenen Kosten reduzieren. The ceramic electrolyte is the most expensive component of the cell. By arranging the cathode outside the electrolyte tube, significantly more active material can be accommodated in relation to the tube, which reduces the costs related to the energy content.
[0010] Der Prozess des Vakuumimprägnierens der Aktivmasse mit Flüssigsalz als Flüssigelektrolyt wird durch eine zweite Öffnung unten am Zellgehäuse sehr erleichtert, denn dadurch kann Gas oben austreten, während die Flüssigkeit unten nachströmt. The process of vacuum impregnation of the active material with liquid salt as the liquid electrolyte is made much easier by a second opening at the bottom of the cell housing, because this allows gas to escape at the top while the liquid flows in at the bottom.
[0011] Das Volumen der aktiven Kathodenmasse verhält sich zum Volumen der aktiven Anodenmasse etwa wie 2 zu 1, weshalb es eigentlich ungünstig ist, die Kathode im begrenzten Innenraum des Elektrolytrohres anzuordnen, denn dadurch lassen sich nur Zellen mit verhältnismässig geringer Kapazität herstellen. Es ist daher die Aufgabe dieser Erfindung, wesentlich grössere Kapazitäten bei Verwendung des gleichen elektrochemischen Systems zu ermöglichen. The volume of the active cathode mass is related to the volume of the active anode mass approximately like 2 to 1, which is why it is actually unfavorable to arrange the cathode in the limited interior of the electrolyte tube, because this allows only cells with a relatively low capacity to be produced. It is therefore the object of this invention to enable significantly larger capacities when using the same electrochemical system.
[0012] Bei der Herstellung einer Zelle wird die Aktivmasse der Kathode in Form von Granulat in den Kathodenraum eingefüllt und anschliessend mit einer Salzschmelze als flüssigem Elektrolyt vakuumimprägniert. Der Kathodenraum ist rohrförmig mit einem geschlossenen Ende, weshalb der Füllprozess und der Imprägnierprozess nur vom oberen Ende her erfolgen kann. Wegen häufig auftretender Blasenbildung beim Zusammentreffen des Granulates mit dem flüssigen Salz wird der Imprägnierprozess erheblich behindert. Auch dieser Nachteil der bekannten Lösung soll erfindungsgemäss beseitigt werden. In the manufacture of a cell, the active material of the cathode is filled into the cathode compartment in the form of granules and then vacuum-impregnated with a molten salt as a liquid electrolyte. The cathode space is tubular with a closed end, which is why the filling process and the impregnation process can only take place from the upper end. The impregnation process is significantly hindered due to the frequent formation of bubbles when the granulate meets the liquid salt. This disadvantage of the known solution should also be eliminated according to the invention.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01074/19A CH716540A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device. |
AU2020338256A AU2020338256A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device |
PCT/EP2020/073992 WO2021037991A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device |
EP20767486.2A EP4022699A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device |
BR112022003552A BR112022003552A2 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01074/19A CH716540A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CH716540A1 true CH716540A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 |
Family
ID=67988830
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH01074/19A CH716540A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Electrochemical energy storage device. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4022699A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2020338256A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112022003552A2 (en) |
CH (1) | CH716540A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021037991A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3966492A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1976-06-29 | Ford Motor Company | Sodium sulfur battery or cell with improved ampere-hour capacity |
GB2182194A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-05-07 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cell |
EP2541646A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical cells, and related devices |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1269906B (en) | 1993-04-02 | 1997-04-16 | Programme 3 Patent Holding | Electrochemical cell |
US20170104244A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | General Electric Company | Positive electrode composition for overdischarge protection |
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2019
- 2019-08-27 CH CH01074/19A patent/CH716540A1/en unknown
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2020
- 2020-08-27 AU AU2020338256A patent/AU2020338256A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-27 BR BR112022003552A patent/BR112022003552A2/en unknown
- 2020-08-27 EP EP20767486.2A patent/EP4022699A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-27 WO PCT/EP2020/073992 patent/WO2021037991A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3966492A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1976-06-29 | Ford Motor Company | Sodium sulfur battery or cell with improved ampere-hour capacity |
GB2182194A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1987-05-07 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cell |
US4722875A (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1988-02-02 | 501 Lilliwyte Societe Anonyme | Electrochemical cell |
EP2541646A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical cells, and related devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4022699A1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
AU2020338256A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
WO2021037991A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
BR112022003552A2 (en) | 2022-05-24 |
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