CH713990B1 - Vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle flywheel battery in which a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing is used as a magnetic levitation support, wherein in the middle of the interior of the sealed vacuum chamber, a 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is disposed, and on the outside of the Magnetic bearing rotary shaft (32) in the middle of the magnetic bearing a magnetic bearing rotor (14) is coaxially placed closely, and exactly outside the axial center of the magnetic bearing rotor, a traction plate (10) is placed tightly, and outside of the traction sheave fixedly mounted flywheel (9) and wherein at the stator pole, a radial control coil is wound, and wherein an axial control coil is arranged in the axial stator; and wherein exactly in the middle on the outside of the upper side of the outer shell (16), an electric motor / generator (18) is arranged, and exactly in the middle of the electric motor / generator (18) an electric motor rotary shaft (31) is arranged, and wherein the electric motor rotary shaft (31) extends from top to bottom inside the outer shell (16) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft (31); the traction sheave (10) and the flywheel (9) are formed integrally with each other, thereby further shortening the axial length of the flywheel battery, and effectively inhibiting the gyroscopic effect; Hybrid magnetic bearings integrated with each other, which are distributed mirror-symmetrically on both sides of the traction sheave (9), thereby a high control accuracy is realized.

Description

description

Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of vehicle flywheel battery (also referred to as flywheel energy storage device) for electric vehicles, and more particularly to a vehicle flywheel battery in which a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing ("magnetic magnetic bearing") is used as magnetic levitation Support (also referred to as "Transrapid support") is used.

Background Art The performance of the vehicle battery is currently a major problem that limits the development of electric vehicles. Using magnetic levitation support and flywheel rotational inertia, the vehicle flywheel battery realizes energy storage and has good charging efficiency, high specific energy and power, small mass, no fouling and long life. Since the electric vehicle has limited space, the volume of the flywheel is relatively high, and the magnetic levitation bearing is an important component for supporting the flywheel battery, and its volume directly affects the volume of the flywheel battery.

The bottleneck of the vehicle flywheel battery is mainly that the gyroscopic effect of the rotating shaft of the flywheel is difficult to overcome. When an external disturbance acts on the flywheel battery, it is unavoidable to cause a gyroscopic effect due to the flywheel battery's own "wave-shaped" structure. Upon starting, sudden stopping, and bending, etc., the vehicle flywheel battery is caused to exert a very high gyroscopic moment on the flywheel shaft in the restricting direction, so that a very large additional pressure is applied to the flywheel shaft; because of this, the gyroscopic effect is harder to control. By shortening the axial length of the flywheel rotor, the gyroscopic effect of the flywheel rotor can be effectively reduced. The magnetic levitation support systems used in currently existing flywheel batteries usually use a combination of 2 degrees of freedom and 3 degrees of freedom to realize a 5 degree of freedom balance of the rotor. The structural design does not have a high degree of integration, which causes the axial length of the rotor to become too long and the gyroscopic effect more obvious.

Summary of the Present Invention It is an object of the present invention to reduce the gyroscopic effect of the flywheel battery to the utmost and to provide a vehicle flywheel battery incorporating a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing that reduces the axial length of the flywheel rotor , has a compact structure and structurally reduces the gyroscopic effect of the flywheel rotor.

The object of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution: comprising a sealed vacuum chamber formed by an outer shell, an upper end cap and a lower end cap, wherein a 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid chamber is located in the middle of the interior of the sealed vacuum chamber. Magnetic bearing is arranged, and wherein exactly in the middle of the magnetic bearing, a magnetic bearing rotary shaft is arranged, and wherein on the outside of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft, a magnetic bearing rotor is coaxially tight, and exactly outside the axial center of the magnetic bearing rotor, a traction plate is placed tightly, and wherein outside the traction plate a flywheel is fixedly mounted, and wherein outside the magnetic bearing rotor further a radial stator, an axial stator and a ring-shaped permanent magnet are placed with a gap, and wherein the stator of the radial stator, a radial control coil is wound, and wherein in the axial stator axial Control coil is arranged, and wherein the annular permanent magnet is axially magnetized; and wherein exactly in the middle of the outside of the top of the outer shell, an electric motor / generator is arranged, and exactly in the middle of the electric motor / generator, an electric motor rotary shaft is arranged, and wherein the electric motor rotary shaft extends from top to bottom inside the outer shell and coaxial is firmly connected to the upper end of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft.

When rotating the electric motor rotary shaft of the magnetic bearing rotor, the traction plate and the flywheel are preferably driven for common rotation, wherein the annular permanent magnet provides a bias magnetic field, and wherein the flywheel rotates passively floating; and wherein, when the traction sheave, the magnetic bearing rotor and the motor shaft for common rotation are driven by the flywheel, the axial control coil is DC-energized to control an axial degree of freedom of the magnetic bearing rotor and the motor rotation shaft, and the radial control coil is AC powered, to control four radial degrees of freedom of the magnetic bearing rotor and the electric motor rotating shaft.

Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, the traction plate and the flywheel are integrally integrated with each other via the interference fit, while more axial positions are not occupied, thereby the axial length of

Flywheel battery further shortened, and the gyroscopic effect of the flywheel battery is effectively inhibited, in addition, the materials are saved, and the mass of the flywheel battery is reduced. 2. The five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing according to the present invention is integral with integrally integrating two single-disc 3-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearings distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the traction plate To realize a 5 degree of freedom control, there is a high degree of integration and good control accuracy. 3. In the flywheel battery according to the present invention, the electric motor / generator is not integrated inside the outer shell of the flywheel battery, but the electric motor is arranged on the outside of the Aussenschale; The design reduces the flywheel battery processing difficulty to facilitate maintenance and servicing of the flywheel battery. 4. In the present invention, the magnetic bearing and the flywheel are sealed in a vacuum outer shell to eliminate the friction caused by the air friction wear of the flywheel. 5. The insertion point between the traction sheave and the magnetic bearing rotor according to the present invention is tooth-shaped, then an assembly via the press fit is performed. In a high-speed rotation of the flywheel battery, the tension acting on the traction sheave is concentrated mainly at the insertion point between the traction sheave and the magnetic bearing rotor.

With the structure, the stress applied to the insertion point between the traction plate and the magnetic bearing rotor becomes very small, thereby preventing the flywheel from being deformed or even damaged in the high-speed state.

Brief Description of the Drawings [0008]

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the partial structure according to FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the 5-degree freedom hybrid magnetic bearing according to FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 shows a plan view of the mounting structure between the radial stator and the magnetic bearing rotor on Un terteil according to FIG. 1.

5 shows an enlarged view of the mounting structure between the magnetic bearing rotor, the axial stator and the traction sheave according to FIG. 3.

6 shows an enlarged view of the mounting structure between the magnetic bearing rotor, the flywheel and the traction sheave according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 shows a structural exploded view of the magnetic bearing rotor and the traction sheave according to FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows a principle diagram of the realization of static passive levitation by the 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing when the present invention operates in the charging and power-holding phase.

Fig. 9 shows a principle diagram of the realization of a radial 2-degree balance control of the 5-degree-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing when the present invention operates in the discharge phase.

Fig. 10 shows a principle diagram of the realization of a radial rotation-2 degree-of-freedom balance control of the 5-degree-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing when the present invention operates in the discharge phase.

Fig. 11 is a skeleton diagram of the realization of a single-degree-of-freedom axial balance control of the 5-degree-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing when the present invention operates in the discharge phase.

Detailed Description [0009] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, at the outermost point of the present invention is an outer shell 16, with the outer shell 16 being a hollow cylinder, and with the head portion of the outer shell 16 sealingly connected to the upper end cap 15. and wherein the bottom portion is sealingly connected to the lower end cap 17, and wherein the upper end cap 15 and the lower end cap 17 have a same shape and are each an end cap in the form of a round table, and wherein a through hole is provided in the middle thereof to facilitate, in each case an auxiliary bearing to install. At the middle through hole of the upper end cap 15, an upper auxiliary bearing 12 is press-fitted, and at the middle through hole of the lower end cap 17, a lower auxiliary bearing 132 is press-fitted, and the upper auxiliary bearing 12 and the lower auxiliary bearing 13 are the same shape and whose outer diameter is identical to the inner diameter of the central through-hole. Between the outer shell 16, the upper end cap 15 and the lower end cap 17, a sealed vacuum chamber is formed.

Just in the middle of the interior of the sealed vacuum chamber, a 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is a structure that is axially longitudinally symmetric, and the 5-degree-degree hybrid magnetic bearing has a magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32, a magnetic bearing rotor 14, a traction plate 10, a radial stator, an axial stator and an annular permanent magnet. Exactly in the middle is a magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32, wherein the center of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 and the middle of the outer shell 16 overlap each other, and outside of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is coaxially mounted, and outside of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, the traction sheave 10, the radial Stator, the axial stator and the annular permanent magnet are placed, and wherein the traction plate 10 is fixedly connected to the magnetic bearing rotor 14, and provided between the inner wall of the radial stator, the axial stator and the annular permanent magnet and the outer wall of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, a gap is.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the traction sheave is firmly seated in the middle of the axial direction of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 via a press fit. On the upper and lower sides of the traction plate 10, an axial stator, an annular permanent magnet and a radial stator are arranged, which are longitudinally symmetrical. In this case, the axial stator is formed by an axial stator of the upper part 71 and an axial stator of the lower part 72, wherein the radial stator is formed by a radial stator of the upper part 4 and a radial stator of the lower part 5, and wherein the annular permanent magnet by a permanent magnet the upper part 61 and a permanent magnet of the lower part 62 is formed. The axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 are longitudinally symmetrical with respect to the traction sheave 10, wherein the radial stator of the upper part 4 and the radial stator of the lower part 5 with respect to the traction sheave 10 are longitudinally symmetrical, and wherein the permanent magnet of the upper 61st and the permanent magnet of the lower part 62 with respect to the traction plate 10 are longitudinally symmetrical. The permanent magnet of the upper part 61 is firmly overlapping pressingly connected between the radial stator of the upper part 4 and the axial stator of the upper part 71, wherein the permanent magnet of the lower part 62 fixedly pressed firmly overlapping between the radial stator of the lower part 5 and the axial stator 72 of the lower part is.

The radial stator of the upper part 4 and the radial stator of the lower part 5 are arranged coaxially, wherein the upper end surface of the radial stator of the upper part 4 is aligned flush with the upper end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, and wherein the lower end surface of the radial stator of the Lower part 5 is aligned flush with the lower end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14.

The outer diameter of the traction plate 10, the axial stator, the radial stator and the annular permanent magnet are each identical to each other.

See FIG. 3 in connection with FIG. 4: There are three radial stator poles uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction at the yoke section of the radial stator of the upper part 4 and yoke section of the radial stator of the lower part 5, which each have three radial stator poles of the upper part 41 , 42, 43 and three radial stator poles of the base 51, 52, 53. The shapes of the three radial stator poles of the top 41, 42, 43 and the three radial stator poles of the bottom 51, 52, 53 are completely identical to each other, with the top and bottom projections overlapping each other. The upper end face of the three radial stator poles of the upper part 41, 42, 43 is aligned flush with the upper end face of the yoke part of the radial stator of the upper part 4, the lower end face of the three radial stator poles of the lower part 51, 52, 53 being flush with the upper end face lower end surface of the yoke portion of the radial stator of the lower part 5 is aligned. At each radial stator pole respectively radial control coils are wound, which respectively correspond to the radial control coil of the upper part 21,22, 23 and the radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26, wherein the six completely identical radial control coils corresponding to each other at the three radial stator poles of the upper part 11, 12, 13 and the three radial stator poles of the lower part 81, 82, 83 are wound. At the inner end of the three radial stator poles of the upper part 11, 12, 13 and the three radial stator poles of the lower part 81, 82, 83, a respective pole piece is arranged, wherein the inner surface of the pole piece is formed as a circular arc cylindrical surface. When the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is in an equilibrium position, a radial air gap of 0 between the inner surface of the pole piece of the radial stator pole of the upper part 11, 12, 13 and the radial stator pole of the lower part 81, 82, 83 and the outer wall of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, 5 mm provided.

The radial control coil of the upper part 21, 22, 23 and the upper end cap 15 do not touch each other, also touching the radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 and the lower end cap 17 not to each other.

See Fig. 5 in conjunction with Fig. 3: It has the axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 of the axial stator of a same structure and they are disc-shaped. The axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 are arranged coaxially and are located on the upper and lower sides of the traction plate 10 and have an axial gap to the traction sheave 10. The axial stator of the upper part 71 and the radial control coil of the upper part 21st , 22, 23 do not touch each other, the axial stator of the

Lower part 72 and the radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 do not touch each other. By a coil holder, the axial stator of the upper part 71 fixes the axial control coil of the upper part 81, wherein the axial control coil of the upper part 81 closely contacts the inner wall of the axial stator of the upper part 71, and wherein the axial stator of the lower part 72 by another coil holder, the axial control coil fixed to the lower part 82, and wherein the axial control coil of the lower part 82, the inner wall of the axial stator of the lower part 72 closely contacts. The axial control coil of the upper part 81 and the axial control coil of the lower part 82 are placed coaxially outside the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and each have a radial Spaitzum magnetic bearing rotor 14 and an axial gap to the traction plate 18th

The axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 of the axial stator are each formed such that a disc 73 and an annular body 74 axially overlapped and are fixedly connected to each other. The off-diameter of the disc 73 is the same as the outer diameter of the annular body 74, wherein the inner diameter of the annular body 74 is much larger than the inner diameter of the disc 73. The axial control coil of the upper part 81 and the axial control coil of the lower part 82 each closely contact the inner wall of the associated annular body 74; when the axial control coil of the upper part 81 and the axial control coil of the lower part 82 are turned on, an axial control magnetic field in the ring body 74 can be generated. When the flywheel 9 is in an equilibrium position, an axial air gap of 0.5 mm is provided between the inner wall of the upper and lower side disks 73 and the magnetic bearing rotor 14 in the radial direction. In the axial direction, an axial air gap of 0.5 mm is provided between the lower end surface of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the upper 71 and the upper end surface of the traction plate 10, between the upper end surface of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the lower part 72 and the lower end surface of the traction plate 10, an axial gap of 0.5 mm is provided.

As shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 3, between the radial stator of the upper part 4 and the axial stator of the upper part 71 and between the radial stator of the lower part 5 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 each have an annular permanent magnet with the same Form firmly pressed overlapping, which corresponds in each case to an annular permanent magnet of the upper part 61 and an annular permanent magnet of the lower part 62. The annular permanent magnet of the upper 61 and the annular permanent magnet of the lower 62 have a similar structure and are each made of a high-performance rare earth - neodymium-iron-boron and axially magnetized, wherein the annular permanent magnet of the upper 61 and the annular permanent magnet of the lower part 62 have an opposite direction of magnetization, and wherein the S poles of the annular permanent magnet are opposed to each other. The inner diameter of the annular permanent magnet of the upper 61 and the annular permanent magnet of the lower 62 is the same as the inner diameter of the yoke portion of the radial stator of the upper 4 and the radial stator of the lower 5, and its outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the yoke portion of the radial stator of the upper 4 and the radial stator of the lower part. 5

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an annular Magnetisolieraluminiumring is respectively placed on the outer wall of the radial stator of the upper part 4 and the radial stator of the lower part 5, wherein the upper Magnetisolieraluminiumring 27 by a press fit outside the radial stator of the upper part 4 is tightly fitted, and wherein the lower Magnetisolieraluminiumring 28 is tightly fitted by a press fit outside the radial stator of the lower part 5. The upper magneto-insulating aluminum ring 27 and the lower magneto-insulating aluminum ring 28 are each tightly fixed to an associated upper end cap 15 and lower cap 17 by a cold pressure welding method, so that the fixedly connected radial stator, axial stator and annular permanent magnet become stationary together through the ring-shaped magnetic insulating aluminum ring. Thereby, the upper magnetic insulating aluminum ring 27 and the lower magnetic insulating aluminum ring 28 not only insulate the magnetic field between the radial stator of the upper 4, the radial stator of the lower 5 and the outer shell 16, but also a function of fixing the magnetic bearing is achieved. The inner diameter of the upper Magnetisolieraluminiumsring 27 and the lower Magnetisolieraluminiumrings 28 is equal to the outer diameter of the radial stator of the upper part 4 and the radial stator of the lower part 5 and its outer diameter is much smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell 16th

As shown in Fig. 6, exactly at the axial center position of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, a traction plate 10 is fixedly mounted via an interference fit. The distance between the upper end surface of the traction plate 10 and the upper end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 in the axial direction is equal to the distance between the lower end surface of the traction plate 10 and the lower end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 in the axial direction. Outside the traction plate 10, a flywheel 9 is fixed by a press fit. The flywheel 9 is formed by connecting a hollow cylindrical body 91 and a hollow disc 92, the outer diameter of the hollow disc 92 being the same as the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical body 91, and the axial length of the hollow cylindrical body 91 is much larger than the axial length of the hollow disc 92. The hollow disc 92 is coaxially fitted tightly in the center of the interior of the hollow cylindrical body 91, wherein the distances between the upper and lower end surfaces of the hollow disc 92 and the associated upper and lower end surfaces of the hollow cylindrical body 91 are identical to each other, and the outer wall of the hollow disc 92 is closely connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body 91. The hollow disc 92 is placed coaxially close to the outside of the traction sheave 10, wherein the inner wall of the hollow disc 92 closely contacts the outer wall of the traction sheave 10. The axial thickness of the hollow disc 92 is equal to the axial thickness of the traction plate 10, with the upper and lower end surfaces of the hollow disc 92 associated flush with the upper and lower

End face of the traction plate 10 are aligned. The hollow cylindrical body 91 and the hollow disc 92 are each made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material.

As shown in Fig. 1, the outer diameter of the axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial stator of the lower part 72 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical body 91 of the flywheel 9, wherein the axial stator of the upper part 71 and the axial Stator of the lower part 72 are located inside the cylinder body of the hollow cylindrical body 91 of the flywheel 9. The outer diameter of the flywheel 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell 16. Between the upper and lower end surfaces of the flywheel 9 and the lower surface of the upper end cap 15 and the upper surface of the lower end cap 17 a certain distance is provided so that the flywheel a certain Has leeway and can realize a normal operation.

As shown in Fig. 7, the axial center of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is processed as a tooth-shaped structure, wherein it is the axial thickness of the traction plate 10 in the axial thickness of the tooth-shaped structure. The traction sheave 10 has a hollow disc shape wherein the inner wall of the traction sheave 10 is processed in a tooth shape conforming to the tooth shape of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, and the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the traction sheave 10 are tightly connected by press-fitting the tooth-shaped structure.

As shown in Fig. 1, the electric motor / generator 18 is located exactly in the middle of the top of the outer shell 16, wherein exactly in the center of the electric motor / generator 18 is a central rotating shaft 31, and wherein at the central rotary shaft 31 a Auxiliary bearing of the center rotary shaft 11 is installed. The center rotary shaft 31 extends from top to bottom inside the outer shell 16 and is fixedly connected after passing through an upper auxiliary bearing 12 on the upper end cap 15 via a coupling 19 coaxial with the upper end of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32, wherein the lower end of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32nd is connected by a lower auxiliary bearing 13 with the lower end cap 17. Thus, the center rotary shaft 31 and the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 together form a rotary shaft of the flywheel battery 3, and the rotary shaft of the flywheel battery 3 is located at the middle position of the outer shell 16.

Outside the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is placed tightly by a press fit, wherein the two are firmly connected. The axial length of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 is greater than the length of the magnetic bearing rotor 14, wherein the upper and lower ends of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 respectively protrude from the upper and lower ends of the magnetic bearing rotor 14. Between the upper end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the upper end surface of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 and between the lower end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the lower end surface of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32, a certain distance is provided to the connection between the magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 and the clutch 19 and the lower auxiliary bearing 13 to facilitate.

The operation of the flywheel battery according to the present invention is divided into charge, power hold and discharge phase. Details as follows: (1) Charge phase: The electric motor / generator 18 is in the operating state of the electric motor. When the flywheel battery according to the present invention is to be charged, the charging cable of the electric vehicle is connected to the external power network, then the electrical power from the power network drives the electric motor rotating shaft 31 of the electric motor / generator 18 after the conversion of the power electrons, and thus through the Clutch 12 drives magnetic bearing rotating shaft 32 for common rotation, then magnetic bearing rotary shaft 32 drives magnetic bearing rotor 14, traction sheave 10, and flywheel 9 for common rotation. Now, the annular permanent magnet of the upper part 61 and the annular permanent magnet of the lower part 62 of the magnetic bearing provide a bias field to realize a statically passive floating rotation of the flywheel 9. As shown in Fig. 8, the bias magnetic flux generated by the annular permanent magnet of the upper part 61 in the static passive hovering over its N-pole by the radial stator of the upper part 4, then enters through the radial air gap in the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and is then in split two parts, a part enters through the air gap between the inner wall of the disc 73 of the axial stator of the upper part 71 and the magnetic bearing rotor 14 inside the disc 73, the other part passes through the magnetic bearing rotor 14 inside the traction plate 10, then through the axial air gap in the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the upper part 71 and then into the interior of the disc 73, at the end, the two part flow together in the interior of the disc 73 and return to the S-pole. Also, the bias magnetic flux generated by the annular permanent magnet of the lower part 62 goes through its N pole through the radial stator of the lower part 5, then enters the magnetic bearing rotor 14 through the radial air gap and is then divided into two parts, a part passes through the air gap between the inner wall of the disc 73 of the axial stator of the lower part 72 and the magnetic bearing rotor 14 into the interior of the disc 73, the other part passes through the rotor 14 inside the traction plate 10, then through the axial air gap in the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the Lower part 72 and then into the interior of the disc 73, at the end, the two parts flow together inside the disc 73 and return to the S-pole. When the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is at a middle equilibrium position, the center shaft of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is located at the center of the magnetic bearing; in the radial direction, the air gap magnetic fluxes between the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the radial stator pole magnetic shoes of the upper 41, 42, 43 and the radial stator pole of the lower 51, 52, 53 are completely identical with each other, due to which a balanced electromagnetic force acts radially on the magnetic bearing rotor 14 to realize a radial stable levitation of the magnetic bearing rotor 14. In the axial direction, the air gap magnetic flux between the upper surface of the traction plate 10 and the lower bottom of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the upper 71 is completely identical to the air gap magnetic flux between the upper surface of the traction plate 10 and the upper surface of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the Lower part 72. On the magnetic bearing rotor 14 acts in the axial direction of a balanced electromagnetic force, thereby a radial stable levitation of the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is realized. Thus, the flywheel 9 can store the energy in the form of electrical energy to complete the energy storage process for converting the electrical energy into the mechanical energy, now the electric motor / generator 18 is in the operating state of the electric motor.

(2) Energy Holding Phase: The battery is in the "fully charged" state. The flywheel 9 is held almost at a constant speed. Now, the annular permanent magnet of the top 61 and the annular permanent magnet of the bottom 62 of the magnetic bearing still provide a bias magnetic field to realize a statically passive floating rotation of the flywheel 9. The phase lasts until the flywheel battery receives a control signal to release the energy.

(3) Discharge phase: The electric motor / generator 18 is in the state of the generator. When the electric vehicle is started, the flywheel battery of the present invention is to supply the electric vehicle with the electric power; now, the flywheel 9 rotating at a high speed drives the traction sheave 10, the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the magnetic bearing rotating shaft 32, thus driving the electric motor rotating shaft 31 connected to the magnetic bearing rotating shaft 32 through the clutch 12 for simultaneous rotation; now the flywheel 9 drives as the engine, the electric motor / generator 18 for power generation through a power converter, the electric vehicle leads, for example. Uphill, downhill, bending, braking, and other actions, the rotating shaft of the flywheel battery 3 will indicate an unstable condition; Now, by the control for the magnetic bearing, a radial 2 degree-of-freedom balance, a radial torsion 2 degree-of-freedom balance, and an axial degree of freedom of the entire rotating shaft of the flywheel battery 3 are to be realized. With respect to the axial control, the axial control coil of the upper part 81 and the axial control coil of the lower part 82 are turned on with direct current so as to form an electromagnet with the axial stator; By varying and controlling the magnitude and direction of the direct current, the magnitude and direction of the force acting on the rotor are changed in the axial direction to realize the control of one degree of freedom in the axial direction. With respect to the radial control, the radial control coil of the upper part 21, 22, 23 and radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 arranged on respective upper and lower groups of three magnetic pole radial stators are switched on with three-phase alternating current by varying the magnitude of the current of the radial Control coil is realized a precise control for 4 degrees of freedom in the radial direction. Details are as follows: realization of the radial 2 degree of freedom: when the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is disturbed at the radial 2 degree of freedom (X, Y) and deviates from the equilibrium position, the radial control coil of the upper part 21, 22, 23 and radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 is turned on, and the generated single magnetic flux is directed in an opposite direction of the position deviation; thereby generating a corresponding radial control magnetic levitation force such that the magnetic bearing rotor 14 returns to the radial equilibrium position. It is assumed that the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is disturbed in the negative direction of the radial X-axis and deviates from the equilibrium position, the radial control coil of the upper part 21, 22, 23 and the radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 are turned on; the generated control magnetic flux is shown like bold solid lines and their arrows according to FIG. 9; the bias magnetic flux generated by the annular permanent magnet of the top 61 and the annular permanent magnets of the bottom 62 is shown as dashed lines and their arrows as shown in FIG. 9; the bias magnetic flux passing through the interior of the radial stator pole of the upper part 41, 43 and the radial stator pole of the lower part 51, 53, and the control magnetic flux, and their arrows are shown in FIG. 9; the bias magnetic flux generated by the annular permanent magnet of the top 61 and the annular permanent magnets of the bottom 62 is shown as dashed lines and their arrows as shown in FIG. 9; the bias magnetic flux passing through the inside of the radial stator pole of the top part 41, 43 and the radial stator pole of the bottom part 51, 53 and the control magnetic flux have opposite directions, and the whole magnetic flux is weakened. The bias magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux in the radial stator pole of the top 42 and the radial stator pole of the bottom 52 have a same direction, so that the entire magnetic flux is amplified; thus, the single magnetic flux is amplified in the negative direction of the X-axis, and the magnetic tensile forces F1 and F2 in the negative direction of the X-axis act on the magnetic bearing rotor 14, so that it returns to the equilibrium position.

Realization of the radial torion 2 degree of freedom: see FIG. 10: When the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is disturbed at the radial torsion 2 degree of freedom (θχ, 0y) and deviates from the equilibrium position, the radial control coil of the top 21, 22nd , 23 and the radial control coil of the base 24, 25, 26 are still turned on, and the generated single magnetic flux is directed in an opposite direction of the positional deviation; This generates a torque such that the magnetic bearing rotor 14 returns to the radial equilibrium position. It is assumed that the magnetic bearing rotor 1414 has a torsion in the positive direction of the X-axis under disturbance, the torsion angle is Oxi; the radial control coil of the upper part 21,22, 23 and the radial control coil of the lower part 24, 25, 26 are turned on, respectively; the generated control magnetic flux is shown like bold solid lines and their arrows according to FIG. 10; the bias magnetic flux generated by the annular permanent magnet of the upper part 31 and the annular permanent magnet of the lower part 32 is shown as dashed lines and their arrows in FIG. 10. It can be found that the bias magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux in the radial stator pole of the top 41,43 have an opposite direction and the total magnetic flux in the radial stator pole of the top 41, 43 is weakened while the bias magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux in the radial stator pole of the top 42 have a same direction and the entire magnetic flux is amplified, and a magnetic tensile force F1 in the negative direction of the X-axis will act on the magnetic bearing rotor 14. After turning on the radial control coil of the lower part 51, 52, 53, the bias magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux passing through the interior of the radial stator pole of the lower part 51, 53 have an identical direction, and the total magnetic flux passing through the radial stator pole of the lower part 51, 53 is amplified, while the bias magnetic flux and the control magnetic flux passing through the radial stator pole of the base 52 have opposite directions, and the entire magnetic flux is weakened. The magnetic tensile forces F3, F4 of the radial stator pole of the base 51, 53 act on the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and compose a magnetic tensile force F2, which is directed in the positive direction of the X-axis, due to which a restoring torsion torque is applied to the magnetic bearing rotor 14, so that he returns to the equilibrium position.

As shown in Fig. 11, the axial control coil of the upper part 81 and the axial control coil of the lower part 82 are connected to DC; When the magnetic bearing rotor 14 has a positional deviation in the axial direction, by varying the size and direction of the control DC current, the sizes of the air gap magnetic flux between the lower surface of the traction plate 10 and the lower bottom of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the upper 71 and the air gap magnetic flux between the lower surface of the traction plate 10 is changed in the axial direction and the upper surface of the annular body 74 of the axial stator of the lower part 72; At the axial air gap location, a magnetic suction force is generated so that the traction sheave 10 returns to the axial reference equilibrium position. If e.g. the traction sheave 10 deviates upwardly, only the magnitude of the inner flow of the axial control spool of the base 82 should be increased to allow the air gap magnetic flux to flow between the lower surface of the traction sheave 10 and the upper surface of the annular body 74 of the axial stator 72 of the base 72 is reinforced; thereby, the composite electromagnetic force FZ acting on the magnetic bearing rotor 14 is directed downward to pull the magnetic bearing rotor 14 back to the axial equilibrium position; due to this, one degree of freedom in the axial direction is controlled.

Since the magnetic bearing rotor 14 and the electric motor rotating shaft 32 are coaxially closely nested, the rotating shaft 3 of the entire flywheel battery returns to the equilibrium position when the magnetic bearing rotor 14 returns to the equilibrium position; This allows the flywheel battery in the unstable state to return to the equilibrium state again.

With the above contents, the present invention can be realized. Other changes and modifications that will be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

REFERENCE NUMBER OF REFERENCES 3 Rotary shaft of the flywheel battery 4 Radial stator of the upper part 5 Radial stator of the lower part 9 Flywheel 10 Traction sheave 11 Auxiliary bearing of the center rotary shaft 12 Upper auxiliary bearing 13 Lower auxiliary bearing 14 Magnetic bearing rotor 15 Upper end cap 16 Outer shell 17 Lower end cap 18 Electric motor / generator 19 Clutch 21, 22, 23 Radial control coil of the upper part 24, 25, 26 Radial control coil of the lower part 31 Electric motor rotary shaft 32 Magnetic bearing rotary shaft 41, 42, 43 Radial stator pole of the upper part 51, 52, 53 Radial stator pole of the lower part 61 Ring-shaped permanent magnet of the upper part 62 Ring-shaped permanent magnet of the lower part 71 Axial Stator of the upper part 72 Axial stator of the lower part 73 Washer 74 Annular body 81 Axial control spool of the upper part 82 Axial control spool of the lower part 91 Flywheel hollow cylinder

Claims (10)

claims A vehicle flywheel battery having a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing comprising a sealed vacuum chamber formed by an outer shell (16), an upper end cap (15) and a lower end cap (17), characterized in that right in the middle of Inside the sealed vacuum chamber, a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing is disposed with a magnetic bearing rotating shaft (32) disposed in the center of the magnetic bearing, and a magnetic bearing rotor (14) coaxially closely fitted on the outside of the magnetic bearing rotating shaft (32) and wherein exactly outside the axial center of the magnetic bearing rotor (14) a traction sheave (10) is placed tight, and wherein outside the traction sheave (10) a flywheel (9) is fixedly mounted, and wherein outside the magnetic bearing rotor (14) further has a radial Stator, an axial stator and an annular permanent magnet are placed with a gap, and wherein at the stator pole of the radial stator, a radial control coil g is wound, and wherein in the axial stator, an axial control coil is arranged, and wherein the annular permanent magnet having an axial magnetization, and exactly in the middle on the outside of the upper side of the outer shell (16), an electric motor / generator (18) is arranged, and wherein an electric motor rotating shaft (31) is disposed in the middle of the electric motor / generator (18), and the electric motor rotating shaft (31) extends from top to bottom inside the outer shell (16) and coaxial with the upper end of the magnetic bearing rotating shaft (32 ) is firmly connected. 2. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor rotary shaft (31) serves as a rotary drive for common rotation of the magnetic bearing rotor (14), the traction plate (10) and the flywheel (9), wherein the annular permanent magnet provides a bias magnetic field, and wherein the flywheel (9) is mounted passively floating in rotation; and wherein at a by the flywheel (9) realized driving the traction sheave (10), the magnetic bearing rotor (14) and the electric motor rotation shaft (31) for common rotation, the axial control coil can be supplied with DC to an axial degree of freedom of the magnetic bearing rotor (14) and the electric motor rotary shaft (31) to control, and wherein the radial control coil is supplied with alternating current to four radial degree of freedom of the magnetic bearing rotor (14) and the electric motor rotary shaft (31) to control. 3. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that on the upper and lower sides of the traction sheave (10) an axial stator, an annular permanent magnet and a radial stator are arranged, which are longitudinally symmetrical, wherein the axial stator is formed by an axial stator of the upper part (71) and an axial stator of the lower part (72), the radial stator being formed by a radial stator of the upper part (4) and a radial stator of the lower part (5), and wherein the annular permanent magnet is formed by a permanent magnet of the upper part (61) and a permanent magnet of the lower part (62); and wherein the permanent magnet of the upper part (61) is fixed between the radial stator of the upper part (4) and the axial stator of the upper part (71), and wherein the permanent magnet of the lower part (62) between the radial stator of the lower part (5) and the axial stator of the lower part (72) is firmly connected. 4. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that in each case an annular Magnetisolieraluminiumring on the outer wall of the radial stator of the upper part (4) and the radial stator of the lower part (5) is placed tightly, said upper and lower annular magnetic insulating aluminum rings each associated with an upper end cap (15) and a lower part cap (17) are fixedly connected. 5. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that arranged at the yoke portion of the radial stator of the upper part (4) and the yoke portion of the radial stator of the lower part (5) each three radial stator poles along the circumferential direction uniformly wherein a radial control coil is wound on each radial stator pole, and wherein the inner end of each radial stator pole is provided with a pole piece, and wherein a radial air gap is provided between the inner surface of the pole piece and the outer wall of the magnetic bearing rotor (14); and wherein between the axial stator of the upper part (71) and the axial stator of the lower part (72) and the traction plate (10), an axial gap is provided. 6. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial stator of the upper part (71) and the axial stator of the lower part (72) are each formed such that a disc (73) and a Ring body (74) axially overlapped and are fixedly connected to each other, wherein the outer diameter of the disc (73) is the same as the outer diameter of the annular body (74), and wherein the inner diameter of the annular body (74) is greater than the inner diameter of the disc (73) , 7. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the flywheel (9) is formed by a hollow cylindrical body (91) and a hollow disc (92) are interconnected, wherein the hollow disc (92) is coaxially fitted tightly in the center of the interior of the hollow cylindrical body (91), and wherein the axial length of the hollow cylindrical body (91) is greater than the axial length of the hollow disc (92), and wherein the hollow disc (92) coaxially closely outside the traction sheave (10) is placed, and wherein the axial thickness of the hollow disc (92) is equal to the axial thickness of the traction plate (10). 8. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter of the traction plate (10), the axial stator, the radial stator and the annular permanent magnet are each identical to each other, wherein the axial length of the magnetic bearing rotary shaft (32) is larger than the length of the magnetic bearing rotor (14), and wherein the upper end surface of the radial stator of the upper part (4) is aligned flush with the upper end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor (14), and wherein the lower end surface of the radial stator of the lower part (5) is aligned flush with the lower end surface of the magnetic bearing rotor (14). 9. vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial center position of the magnetic bearing rotor (14) by a tooth-shaped structure with the traction plate (10) is fixedly connected. 10. A vehicle flywheel battery with a 5-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the yoke portions of the radial stator of the annular permanent magnet have an identical inner diameter.