CH713487A1 - High-temperature radiation receiver system. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature radiation receiver system (11) for collecting concentrated radiation comprising a container (13) with at least one radiation inlet opening (15), in the container (13) provided absorber bodies (17) which at least partially formed as a black body and behind the radiation inlet opening (15) are arranged for collecting the radiation energy and conversion of the same into thermal energy and in the absorber bodies (17) existing channels for the passage of a heat transfer medium (21). Furthermore, the system (11) comprises a high-temperature storage (37) forming receiving space for heat storage elements (25), which defines a storage zone and can be flowed through by the heat transfer medium and in the receiving space existing heat storage elements (25). The heat transfer medium (21) is a liquid metal or a liquid mixture of metals whose boiling point is greater than 750 ° C.

Description

description

Field of the Invention The invention relates to a high temperature radiation receiver system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Background Art High-temperature radiation receivers for collecting concentrated radiation require a heat transfer medium in order to dissipate the concentrated heat. Various liquid heat transfer media have been developed to dissipate the heat as efficiently as possible. Thermo oils and molten salts are known as heat transfer media. However, these have the disadvantage that they are little or not thermally stable above 600 ° C. In addition, the salt melts decompose above 600 ° C and form highly corrosive fission products, which attack and destroy the plants. The efficiency of high-temperature radiation receivers, however, would improve significantly if heat could be transferred beyond 600 ° C.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION From the disadvantages of the described prior art, the present invention initiates the task of further developing a high-temperature radiation receiver system such that the amount of heat transferable to the liquid heat transfer medium can be increased.

The solution of the problem is achieved in a high-temperature radiation receiver system for collecting concentrated radiation in that the heat transfer medium is a liquid metal or a liquid mixture of metals whose boiling point is greater than 750 ° C. When using liquid metal cooling with a sufficient circulation speed, the metal mixture can be adjusted so that the metal vapor pressure remains low. During receiver operation, the heat transfer medium in the cooling circuit is a liquid. Consequently, the vessel walls are not attacked by reactions which are due to high pressure and aggressive metal vapor, or by corrosion. A sufficient creep strength of the absorber body (receiver tubes or plates), which is essential for a reliable and low-maintenance receiver operation, is given by the invention.

The invention is preferably characterized in that the heat transfer medium is liquid tin or a liquid metal mixture with a tin content. This has the great advantage that tin has a boiling point of 2620 ° C, but melts already at 232 ° C. Tin mixtures with light alloy melt at even lower temperatures, which facilitates starting operations of the cooling circuit, especially in cold areas. Tin can therefore absorb the heat energy from the focused radiation in a very efficient way. The tin heats up to 800 ° C without building up a significant vapor pressure. The cooling circuit can therefore operate at low pressure. The materials that come into contact with the heat transfer medium may be materials with lower resistance to pressure and aggressiveness of the heat transfer medium than is the case with materials for corrosive and high vapor pressure heat transfer media. [0006] It has proved expedient to if metallic or ceramic lines are provided for the circulation of the heat transfer medium, which are heat and chemical resistant up to at least 800 ° C and are resistant to thermal shocks. This allows the receiver system to operate at high temperatures. However, a heavy load on the lines due to a chemically highly aggressive and corrosive heat transfer medium is eliminated since the heat transfer medium is not vaporized and does not form a high pressure. Accordingly, the material costs of the lines can be substantially reduced.

Conveniently, the metals of the liquid metal mixture are selected such that a boiling delay occurs at the boiling point of the metal mixture. This can delay the formation of steam and the operating pressure remains low.

The invention is also preferably characterized by the fact that the high-temperature storage has a first storage tank which is filled with the heat storage elements and is durchström-bar of the heat transfer medium. The energy of the heat transfer medium, which is sufficiently produced in the presence of radiation, can be easily cached. Accordingly, energy can be taken from the first charged storage tank even if no radiation, in particular solar radiation, is present.

It proves to be advantageous if the bottom of the first storage tank is designed as a sedimentation tank. Local overheating with partial evaporation of the liquid metal or the metal mixture can thereby be compensated, as well as the settling of possible intermetallic compounds.

In a further preferred embodiment, the high-temperature reservoir to a second storage tank, which is flowed through by the heat transfer medium or a superheated low-pressure steam at a pressure of less than 40, wherein the heat transfer medium or the low-pressure steam thermally conductive with the heat storage elements in the first storage tank communicates. The stored in the first storage tank te heat energy is transferable to a low-pressure steam. The compressive stress of the steam generator tubes is therefore in the range of standard solutions in gas turbine operation.

It proves to be particularly advantageous if in the second storage tank, a second heat exchanger is integrated, by which heat from the low-pressure steam to a high-pressure steam cycle, in particular a closed gas / steam turbine cycle, transferable. It is particularly preferred if the gas / steam turbine cycle is a Cheng process or a Cheng cycle. The high-pressure steam which can be produced in the receiver system according to the invention is ideally suited to operate a Cheng cycle of a gas turbine, since a high thermodynamic gradient of more than 800 ° C. to 120 ° C. can be provided. The Cheng cycle is very flexible in operation and can be applied to a relatively small gas turbine. Another advantage is that such a gas turbine can be started quickly.

In a further embodiment, the high-temperature radiation receiver system comprises a third designed as a long-term storage storage tank on which heat can be transferred from the located in the second memory low-pressure steam by a second heat exchanger. The heat energy from the high-temperature accumulator can be used particularly flexibly by the third storage tank for many applications which require heat, where low-pressure steam (about 40-50 bar) with a high temperature (greater than 800 ° C.) is required. The third storage tank may have a temperature stratification. It is also conceivable to connect the low-pressure steam to a Cheng cycle of a gas turbine.

It is preferred if a fourth storage tank is provided which can be charged by low-pressure steam from the third storage tank. As a result, a high temperature gradient of over 800 ° C to 120 ° C can be achieved.

In a further embodiment, the fourth storage tank is chargeable by an additional heat or radiation source or electromagnetic induction. In the fourth storage tank incurred condenser water can be heated by the additional heat or radiation source and the resulting steam can be used to charge the third storage tank.

Conveniently, the high-temperature radiation receiver system is constructed as a tower, wherein the container is arranged at the top and the first storage tank between the container and the second storage tank is arranged. The system can be built very compact, whereby a plurality of small receivers as a «receiver field» can be realized. Many smaller receiver systems are preferable to a few large ones because they are more cost effective, more flexible, and can be deployed at multiple sites with relatively little effort. In addition, the individual small systems are individually process-controllable according to the local irradiation conditions.

In a further preferred embodiment, the high-temperature radiation receiver system is designed as a "be-am down" arrangement with modular independently controllable elements. The controllable elements make it possible to obtain the necessary temperature by radiation.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the system for heat storage is constructed such that the existing heat from a guided in a first circuit heat transfer medium to a guided in a second circuit gas or gas mixture, in particular nitrogen, is transferable. In the system, not only the heat storage elements are heated in the "upload" mode, but also a gas, preferably nitrogen. As a result, the heat recovered from the radiation can be stored twice, on the one hand in the heat storage elements and the other in the gas. The gas is directly available to the drive of the gas turbine in "download" mode.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the system for heat removal is constructed such that circulated water is vaporized by the guided in the second circuit gas and to implement a Cheng cycle of a gas turbine, a steam jet pump is provided in which the gas is miscible with the water vapor and the water vapor can be brought to a higher pressure with subsequent overheating, and the mixture is used to drive the gas turbine. By heating the gas, a high-efficiency Cheng Cycle is realized, even when no combustion gases are available. The heat extraction in the "download" operation can be done very quickly in 1 to 2 hours. The fact that the heat is available in a concentrated form in a short time, the gas turbine of the Cheng cycle can be large enough to be able to supply a particularly large amount of electricity to the power grid in a short time. The system is therefore ideally suited to cover load peaks in the power grid.

It proves to be expedient if the heat storage elements are constructed in fiber-fabric layers. This allows the heat storage elements to cope with the rapid heat transfer between the "upload" and the "download" operation without material damage or destruction.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of channels is provided on the heat storage elements, in which channels tubes are accommodated. The pipes allow the heat to be dissipated quickly even from inside the heat storage elements. This allows a particularly high heat density from the heat storage elements dissipate in a short time, without damaging the material of the balls.

It proves to be advantageous if through holes are provided at the individual layers, wherein the passage openings are made to coincide, whereby the plurality of channels is formed. The channels therefore do not have to be provided afterwards on the finished heat storage element, but are formed during the construction of the layers. This design is particularly gentle on materials. The heat storage elements therefore have no material starting points that could lead to tensions and material chipping during the strongly changing heat load. It would also be conceivable to use hollow balls as heat storage elements, since in these no heat has to be dissipated from the interior.

It is preferred if the tubes are constructed of fibers. The fibers of the tubes may be oriented so that the heat transfer to the heat transfer medium can be accelerated.

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of two embodiments of the invention with reference to the schematic representations. It shows in a non-scale representation:

1 shows a first embodiment of a high-temperature radiation receiver system in a schematic representation,

2 shows a second embodiment of a high-temperature radiation receiver system in a sectional view,

3 shows a flow diagram of an "upload" process for charging the energy of the high-temperature radiation receiver system,

4 shows a flow diagram of a "download" process for extracting energy from the high-temperature radiation-regenerative system,

5 shows a view of the wedge-shaped absorber tubes,

6 is a view of three juxtaposed absorber-tube circuits,

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a heat storage element and

8: a sectional view through the heat storage element from FIG. 7.

In Fig. 1, a high-temperature radiation receiver system is shown, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 11. The system 11 comprises a container 13 with a radiation inlet opening 15. The incoming radiation, in particular sunlight, is focused on the absorber body 17. In order to absorb as much radiation as possible and to convert the radiation energy into thermal energy, the absorber bodies 17 are preferably formed as black bodies. The absorber body 17 are conveniently covered with high temperature resistant, optimally black absorbing trays to ensure the limitation of local, short-term overheating on the surface. A delayed transmission of radiant heat and lateral heat flow are possible.

In the absorber bodies 17 channels 19 are provided, in which a liquid heat transfer medium 21 is received, it can therefore also act to absorber tubes 19. The heat transfer medium 21 circulates in a cooling circuit comprising the absorber bodies 17. Heat transfer media with a low boiling point have a high vapor pressure, which, among other things, puts a lot of pressure on the cooling circuit. According to the invention, tin or a metal mixture with tin content is used as the heat transfer medium 21. This has the great advantage that tin has a boiling point of 2620 ° C, but already melts at 232 ° C and melts with light metal additive even below this value. Tin can therefore absorb the heat energy from the focused radiation in a very efficient way. The tin heats up to 800 ° C without building up a significant vapor pressure. The cooling circuit can therefore be operated at low pressure. During receiver system operation, the heat transfer medium in the cooling circuit is kept fluid and there are no harmful vapors or unwanted pressure increase. The materials which come in contact with the heat transfer medium 21 may be high-time-pressure, low-pressure materials which endure metallic solution corrosion for a limited time, but not chemically aggressive molten salts. This allows much more economical or cost-effective combinations of materials than is the case with materials that must have stock against molten salts and a high vapor pressure.

Below the container 13, a first storage tank 23 is arranged, which is filled with heat storage elements 25. The heat storage elements 25 are ceramic bodies, which may for example have the shape of spheres. The heat storage elements 25 may store the heat transferred from the heat transfer medium 21 for a long time, for example, for 24 hours. The container 13 and the first storage tank 23 are connected to each other by a first heat exchanger 27.

Below the first storage tank 23, a second storage tank 29 is arranged, which is fluidly connected to the first storage tank 23 with a second heat exchanger 31. The second storage tank can be flowed through by a closed gas / steam turbine circuit 35. This circuit 35 is a high-pressure circuit and is used for example for driving a gas / steam turbine.

If sufficient radiation can be absorbed via the absorber body 17, the tin is liquefied as a highly heatable heat transfer medium 21 and absorbs the heat of the radiation. Even if the tin can be heated above 1000 ° C by the focused radiation, the liquid metal cooling circuit can be operated at low pressures since the tin has a very low vapor pressure and evaporates beyond 2500 ° C. The liquefied tin charges the high-temperature storage 37, which includes the first storage tank 23 and the second storage tank 29, with heat. The liquid tin flows via the first heat exchanger 27 from the container 13 into the first storage tank 23. There, the heat storage elements 25 and the walls of the first storage tank 23 are charged with heat.

If the tin can not be sufficiently heated by radiation, for example, at night, the high-temperature reservoir 37, in particular the first storage tank 23, can be discharged. For this purpose, low-pressure steam is overheated in the first storage tank 23 and can deliver the amount of heat absorbed to the high-pressure circuit 35. As a result, a gas / steam turbine connected to the high-pressure circuit 35 can be operated 24 hours a day by the high-temperature radiation receiver system 11. The low-pressure steam is limited to a temperature of 570 ° C, so that the compressive stress in the steam-generating pipes is not too large. Due to the high-temperature radiation receiver system 11 according to the invention, temperature gradients of 850 ° C. to 120 ° C. are possible. This allows the gas / steam turbine to be operated very efficiently.

Such a combined steam / gas turbine utilization is realized by injection of high pressure steam, for example from the high pressure circuit 35, into a superheated combustor, as easily represented by natural gas or kerosene firing.

For the gas-steam turbine operation in the entire range of> 800 ° C to the condensation of the water content of the gas, the so-called. "Cheng cycle process" can be used. This process is defined by using combined inert gases (or optionally fuel gases) with additionally injected steam in a turbine. The required pressure in the gas heater heat exchanger can be limited to about 25-40 bar, which is the o.a. Creep rupture strength of components increased over vapor pressures in conventional Rankine cycles.

Steam can be injected into the Cheng Cycle turbine by means of a steam jet pump. Thus, the pressure of the compressor gas can be controlled or increased and the gas inlet temperature can be limited simultaneously.

Conveniently, the Cheng Cycle turbine is designed such that it can be operated both with gas heating from the receiver radiation energy of the high-temperature radiation receiver system 11 and by fuel gases as reserve capacity available at any time. This turbine can therefore be operated in two operating modes. Advantageously, then the possible, high combustion gas temperature can be controlled by the steam steel pump and the additional energy can be used in the form of pressure increase in the turbine.

Because of the irregular availability of the receiver radiation energy directly superheated steam with 40 bar and temperatures> 800 ° C can be generated in the first storage tank 23 after the receiver. This can then advantageously by controlled condensation in a 'long-term storage' of> 4 h to 36 h, the heat to the ceramic heat storage elements 25 deliver. A discharge in countercurrent then advantageously allows a quick start of the Cheng turbine with partial load, which is supplemented after a short time by the available steam. Ideally, the reservoir is designed so that superheated steam is generated at a higher pressure, which can advantageously increase the effect of the steam jet pump.

The high pressure circuit 35 may also be used to charge a third storage tank 43. The third storage tank is preferably designed as a long-term storage. A fourth storage tank 45 is chargeable by low pressure steam from the third storage tank. The fourth storage tank 45 is chargeable by an additional heat or radiation source or electromagnetic induction 47. The heat or radiation source or electromagnetic induction 47 can heat up generated condenser water and the resulting vapor can be supplied to the third storage tank 43 to charge it.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the high-temperature radiation receiver system 11. Basically, the components are identical to the 1 embodiment, however, the arrangement of heat exchangers is different.

The container 13 and the first storage tank 23 are connected to each other by a first line 27. The liquid heat transfer medium 21 flows via the first line 27 from the container 13 into the first storage tank 23. There, the heat storage elements 25 and the walls of the first storage tank 23 are charged with heat. The liquid heat transfer medium (tin) flows via the channels 32 into the second storage tank 29, where it can transfer heat to the high-pressure heat exchanger 33. The cooled tin is returned via the riser 39 by means of a circulating pump 41, suitable for the conveyance of liquid metal, for example a three-phase current field pump, to the absorber bodies 17.

If the tin can not be sufficiently heated by radiation, for example, at night, the high-temperature storage 37, in particular the first storage tank 23, can be discharged. For this purpose, low-pressure steam is overheated in the first storage tank 23 and can deliver the amount of heat absorbed to the high-pressure heat exchanger 33. As a result, a gas / steam turbine connected to the high-pressure circuit 35 can be operated 24 hours a day by the high-temperature radiation receiver system 11. The low-pressure steam is limited to a temperature of 570 ° C, so that the compressive stress in the steam-generating pipes is not too large. The inventive high-temperature radiation receiver system 11 temperature gradient of more than 850 ° C to 120 ° C are possible. This allows the gas / steam turbine to be operated very efficiently.

It is understood that the output to the high-pressure circuit 35 heat can also be used for other purposes than the operation of a gas / steam turbine.

3 and 4, an expanded flow diagram is shown, which shows in Fig. 3 the "upload" operation and in Fig. 4 the "download" operation. During «upload» operation, the first storage tank 23 is charged with heat. In the "download" mode, heat is removed from the storage tank 23 for further use.

During «upload» operation, the absorber bodies 17 arranged in the container 13 are heated by concentrated radiation, preferably by solar radiation. The metal is a liquid heat transfer medium 21 as described above. The liquid heat transfer medium 21 circulates in a first circuit 49. The medium 21 is guided into the first storage tank 23. After the heat has been released into the first storage tank 23, the medium 21 returns to the container 13 via a heatable riser 39. The circulation takes place by means of a circulating pump 51.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the absorber body 17 are shown as absorber tubes 19. At least in the region of the container 13, the absorber tubes 19 are designed in three parallel first circuits. If one of the first circuits needs to be locked or otherwise serviced, the other two circuits can continue to operate. This provides redundancy in the first circuit. In Fig. 5, the arrangement of the absorber tubes 19 is shown in a wedge shape, whereby the absorber tubes 19 form the radiation entrance opening 15. In Fig. 7 it is shown that the absorber tubes 19 of the first three circuits are arranged inside each other and next to each other in order to be packed as closely as possible. Nevertheless, each of the first three circuits can be pulled and removed from the pack without having to remove the remaining first circuits. For this purpose, the pipe bends of two of the first three circuits are bent upwards or downwards (FIG. 6).

If the first circuit 49 is stopped, for example, at night when there is no solar radiation, the liquid heat transfer medium 21 is kept liquid in the medium sump 53. To maintain the liquid state of the medium 21, the riser 39 is heated. In addition, a pressure is built up in the medium sump 53, whereby the liquid medium 21 is again circulated. The pressure that restarts the circulation process may be provided by an inert gas stored in pressure bottles 55.

During the "upload" operation, an inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is conducted in a second circuit 57. During the "upload" operation not only the heat storage elements 25 are heated in the first storage tank 23, but also the nitrogen in the second circuit 57. The second circuit can therefore also be referred to as gas heating cycle.

A small portion of the heated nitrogen drives a first gas turbine 59. The first gas turbine 59 drives a first compressor 61, which is integrated into the second circuit 57. During the "upload" operation, the gas turbine 59 and the compressor 61 serve to circulate the inert gas present in the second circuit and to heat it up during the circulation.

The nitrogen enters the second storage tank 24 and is passed through the intercooler 63. The intercooler 63 is not in use during «upload» operation. In the first compressor 61, the nitrogen is compressed to about 25 bar. If the first circuit 49 is not in use, for example in bad weather or during maintenance work, the first storage tank can also be heated with storable fuels. For example, methanol or alcohol are conceivable. Then the entire system can also represent a reserve capacity as a gas turbine plant. The entire system 11 is therefore extremely flexible.

To discharge the system 11 is driven in the «download» operation. During heat removal in «download» mode, the first circuit 49 is not in operation. The «download» mode can be used to cover peak periods of electricity demand. For example in the morning or in the evening. The "download" mode can be activated very quickly and is therefore ready for use with a short lead time. The «download» operation is designed to remove the heat within 1-2 hours. Since the heat can be dissipated in a short time, can be in the system 11 operate a comparatively large-sized second gas turbine 67, as if the heat would be available only slower. The rapid heat discharge or -dnähme is made possible in particular by the specially constructed heat storage elements described below.

In the "download" mode, the "Cheng Cycle Method" described above is implemented. The compressed nitrogen is added in a steam jet pump 65 with steam. The water vapor has about 50 bar. The mixture is passed through the first storage tank 23 in a superheater coil 66 and leaves the first storage tank 23 with about 40-50 bar. The gas-steam mixture enters the first gas turbine 59 from the high-pressure stage. In the next operating step, the mixture is fed to a second gas turbine 67 as a low-pressure stage.

The expanded mixture is supplied to the second storage tank 24. In countercurrent to the mixture, water is supplied to the second storage tank 24, which is evaporated. The second storage tank 24 therefore acts as a steam generator. The steam generated preferably leaves the steam generator 24 at about 300 ° C. and 100 bar and is fed to the steam jet pump 65.

The expanded in the second gas turbine 67 nitrogen-steam mixture leaves the steam generator 24 and is separated in a condenser 69. The water condensate is preheated in an air cooler 71 before it is evaporated in the steam generator 24. The condensate is pumped with a feedwater pump 73 into the steam generator 24.

The separated from the water vapor by condensation nitrogen is also passed through the air cooler 71. In a second compressor 75, which is driven by the second gas turbine 67, the nitrogen is precompressed. The second gas turbine also drives a generator 77 for power generation. The compressed nitrogen is passed over the intercooler 63. By cooling the nitrogen in the intercooler 63, the first compressor 61 is relieved. The nitrogen compressed in the first compressor 61 is supplied to the steam jet pump 65 for mixing with the superheated steam. Further, the pressure of the mixture in the steam jet pump 65 is increased by 25 to 50 bar.

In order to improve and accelerate the heat transfer between the heat transfer medium 21 and the heat storage elements 25, the heat storage elements 25 are constructed in layers 79, wherein at the layers 79 a plurality of through holes 81 are provided (Figures 7 and 8). Individual passage openings 81 of adjacent layers 79 form channels 83. Preferably, the channels 83 are aligned in parallel. Preferably, a central channel 85 passes through the center of the heat storage element 25. Pipes 87 are received in the channels 83, 85. Instead of tubes 87, rods can also be accommodated in the channels 83, 85. The tubes 87 are constructed of fibers of silicon carbide or a carbide composite. The fibers can facilitate internal heat flow by being directed outward on the surface. The layers 79 are fiber-fabric layers and may be coated with silicon which can sinter by preheating.

The channels 83, 85 and the tubes 87 received therein increase the heat exchange surface of the heat storage elements 25 with the heat transfer medium 21. Preferably, the heat storage elements 25 are formed as balls 25. In combination with the individual layers 79, the heat storage elements 25 can be heated up and cooled down relatively stress-free. Since these can be heated above 1000 ° C, a large heat stability for an acceptable life of the balls of great importance. The construction of the balls allows them to have a diameter of preferably up to 10 cm, without bursting or breaking in the heat load and the heat change occurring. As a result, no fragments or ball crumbs arise, which could damage the first and second gas turbine 59, 67, in particular their bearings massively. Balls of such a size have the advantage that their diameter is greater than the diameter of the pipes connected to the first storage tank 23. As a result, the balls can not migrate into the tubes of the storage tank 23 and possibly clog them. The executed size of the balls 25 also leads to a reduced packing density compared to smaller heat storage elements. As a result, the balls are easier in the ball bed against each other or can move against each other. Jamming during the intense heating and cooling of the balls with each other can be prevented by their dimensioning.

Legend 11 High-temperature radiation receiver system, overall system 13 Container 15 Radiation inlet opening 17 Absorber body 19 Channels 21 Heat transfer medium 23 First storage tank 24 Second storage tank, steam generator 25 Heat storage elements, balls 26 First line 27 First heat exchanger 29 Second storage tank 31 Second heat exchanger 32 channels

Claims (20)

33 High-pressure heat exchanger 35 High-pressure circuit 37 High-temperature accumulator 39 Riser 41 Recirculation pump 43 Third storage tank 45 Fourth storage tank 47 Heat or radiation source or electromagnetic induction 49 First circuit 51 Circulation pump 53 Medium sump 55 Pressure bottles 57 Second circuit 59 First gas turbine 61 First compressor 63 Intercooler 65 Steam jet pump 66 Superheater coil 67 Second gas turbine 69 Condenser 71 Air cooler 73 Feedwater pump 75 Compressor 77 Generator 79 Layers 81 Through holes 83 Channels 85 Central channel 87 Tubes Patent claims 1. High-temperature radiation receiver system (11) for collecting concentrated radiation comprising - a container (13) with at least one radiation inlet opening (15), - in the container (13) provided absorber bodies (17) which at least partially formed as a black body and behind the radiation inlet opening (15) are arranged, for collecting the radiation energy and conversion thereof into thermal energy, - in the absorber bodies (17) existing channels (19) for the passage of a heat transfer medium (21), - a high-temperature memory (37 ) forming receiving space for heat storage elements (25), which defines a storage zone and by the heat transfer medium (17) can be flowed through and - in the receiving space existing heat storage elements (25), characterized in that the heat transfer medium (21) is a liquid metal or a liquid mixture Is metals whose boiling point is greater than 750 ° C. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer medium (21) is liquid tin or a liquid metal mixture with a tin content. 3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the circulation of the heat transfer medium (21) metallic or ceramic lines (26) are provided, which are heat and chemically resistant to at least 800 ° C and are resistant to thermal shock. 4. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metals of the liquid metal mixture are selected such that at the boiling point of the metal mixture, a bumping occurs. 5. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature reservoir (37) has a first storage tank (23) which is filled with the heat storage elements (25) and through which the heat transfer medium (21) flows. 6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the bottom of the first storage tank (23) is designed as a settling tank. 7. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature accumulator (37) has a second storage tank (29) through which the heat transfer medium (21) or a superheated low-pressure steam at a pressure of less than 40 bar, wherein the heat transfer medium (21) or the low-pressure steam in thermal communication with the heat storage elements (25) in the first storage tank (23) is in communication. 8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that in the second storage tank (29) a heat exchanger (33) is integrated, by which heat from the low-pressure steam to a high-pressure steam cycle, in particular a closed cycle gas turbine cycle, is transferable. 9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the high-pressure circuit is connected to a Cheng cycle of a gas turbine. 10. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature radiation receiver system (11) comprises a third designed as a long-term storage storage tank (43) on which by a second heat exchanger heat from the low pressure located in the second memory Vapor is transferable. 11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that a fourth storage tank (45) is provided, which can be charged by low-pressure steam from the third storage tank (43). 12. System according to claim 11, characterized in that the fourth storage tank (45) by an additional heat or radiation source or electromagnetic induction (47) is chargeable. 13. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature radiation receiver system (11) is constructed as a tower, wherein the container (13) is arranged at the top and the first storage tank (23) between the container ( 13) and the second storage tank (29) is arranged. 14. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature radiation receiver system (11) is designed as a "beam down" arrangement with modular independently controllable elements. 15. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiver system (11) is constructed for heat charging in such a way that the existing heat from one in a first circuit (49) guided heat transfer medium (21) to one in a second Circuit (57) guided gas or gas mixture, in particular nitrogen, is transferable. 16. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system (11) for heat removal is constructed such that in a circuit guided water from the in the second circuit (49) guided gas is vaporized and to implement a Cheng cycle a gas turbine (59, 67) a steam jet pump (65) is provided, in which the gas is miscible with the water vapor and the water vapor can be brought to a higher pressure with subsequent overheating, and the mixture to the drive of the gas turbine (59, 67) serves. 17. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat storage elements (25) are constructed in fiber-fabric layers (79). 18. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the heat storage elements (25) a plurality of channels (83, 85) is provided, in which channels (83, 85) tubes (87) are accommodated. 19. A system according to any one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that at the individual layers (79) passage openings (81) are provided, wherein the passage openings (81) are brought to coincidence, whereby the plurality of channels (83, 85). is formed. 20. System according to any one of claims 18 or 19, characterized in that the tubes (87) are constructed of fibers.