CH705592A2 - Forming mechanical optical component e.g. mirror of transparent watch, by selecting optically transparent first molding material e.g. polymethyl methacrylate to form component, and selecting second material e.g. polyacryl to form layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The method comprises selecting an optically transparent first molding material such as polymethyl methacrylate or polymetacrylate, Evonik Rohm (RTM: Thermoplastic methacrylate polymers), Nanocryl (RTM: Amorphous silica-nanoparticles in acrylate binder) or a polyacryl to form a multilayer component, and selecting a polymerizable second molding material such as Evonik Rohm (RTM: Thermoplastic methacrylate polymers), Nanocryl (RTM: Amorphous silica-nanoparticles in acrylate binder), polymetacrylate or polyacryl to form a layer of component. The method comprises selecting an optically transparent first molding material such as polymethyl methacrylate or polymetacrylate, Evonik Rohm (RTM: Thermoplastic methacrylate polymers), Nanocryl (RTM: Amorphous silica-nanoparticles in acrylate binder) or a polyacryl for forming a monolayer or multilayer component, selecting a polymerizable second molding material such as Evonik Rohm (RTM: Thermoplastic methacrylate polymers), Nanocryl (RTM: Amorphous silica-nanoparticles in acrylate binder), polymetacrylate or polyacryl for forming a layer of the component, forming a base body of the component, defining a number of layers superimposing the base body to obtain the component, forming a mold (9) whose contact surface (10) is negative of upper surface of the component and is a surface delimiting an interior solid volume of the component, positioning the intermediate surface at a distance corresponding to a thickness of the component, injecting the second molding material in a cavity delimited by the contact surface of the mold, polymerizing the second molding material injected in the cavity to obtain the component constituted by assembly of base body with layers, forming a layer with a new mold whose interior volume is higher than the volume of an intermediate body obtained by the mold, applying a gripping force on the mold and the base body during the injection of the second molding material in the cavity and during the polymerization of the second molding material for obtaining the component, forming a capillary network (14) of injection and degasification in the mold, and functionalizing the intermediate surface by forming a post for maintaining a connection with hollow dimension of electrified or electrifiable particles and/or magnetized or magnifiable particles. The component has an upper surface and a lower surface connected by an edge that extends according to a thickness of the component. The base body extends between a lower surface and an intermediate surface of the component, where the surfaces are connected by an intermediate edge (8). The mold comprises an edge including a bearing surface (12) arranged to cooperate with the intermediate surface. An intermediate surface of the base body and the edge are connected by the bearing surface. The second molding material is injected at a temperature of 100-120[deg] C and a pressure of 100 MPa for 10-20 seconds. After the injection of second molding material in the cavity, the intermediate body is insulated by an UV radiation to obtain the component with improved hardness. The component has a thickness of 10-50 microns.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a method of forming a transparent timepiece component, one-piece comprising an upper surface and a lower surface connected by an edge, said edge extending along the thickness of said component.

The invention also relates to the application of this method to the manufacture of a timepiece component.

The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising at least one component made according to this method.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one component made according to this method.

Background of the invention

The substitution of transparent components of mineral origin by molded transparent plastic components provides a low-cost functional alternative, and any independence of certain sources of supply of high-end transparent materials. .

However, the molded transparent parts are, on the one hand relatively thick because it is difficult to mold very fine parts in a suitable and reproducible quality. On the other hand, the wear resistance, and particularly the scratch resistance, of these known plastic components is very poor. Their use for cladding components of a timepiece, case, bezel, or ice, is therefore limited in time.

This low wear resistance still prevents the realization of components with sharp angles, which would dull too quickly in time in contact with the user, his clothes, and objects in his frame. usual life.

It is useful, in watchmaking, to have components of high surface hardness, especially for these external skin components, subject to the constraints of the environment and the user. Such components must, again, possess certain physical properties of elasticity, rigidity or on the contrary of flexibility, or even particular optical properties, for the enhancement of certain displays or components, or on the contrary to hide certain organs of the timepiece.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes to implement a method for obtaining economic, with high dimensional accuracy, transparent and monobloc timepieces components.

In particular, the invention aims to provide such a component, with a surface hardness greater than that of the clock components usually obtained by molding plastic materials.

A particular aim is still to make components external to a timepiece, having sharp angles, for example with a faceted size or a diamond cut, and resistant to wear.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing and mechanical functionalization and / or optical of an optically transparent timepiece component and comprising an upper surface and a lower surface connected by an edge, said edge s' extending according to the thickness of said component, characterized in that: the "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" or the "Nanocry <®>" of "Hanse Chemie <®>" or a polyacryl, a first transparent material, are chosen from PMMA or polymethacrylate optically, for the production of a basic body; at least one second polymerizable molding material is chosen for producing at least one layer of said component, among the "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" or the "Nanocryl <®>" "Hanse Chemie <®>" or a polymethacrylate or a polyacryl; a base body of said component is formed in said first material, said base body of volume less than that of said component and extending between said lower surface and an intermediate surface connected by an intermediate edge, and performs a structuring of mechanical or / and optical functionalization of said intermediate surface, either during the forming of said base body in a suitable mold, or in machining after said forming; a number of layers to be superimposed on said base body is defined to obtain a said component; for each said layer, a mold is produced whose contact surface is either the negative of said upper surface or a surface delimiting a solid of a volume smaller than the final volume of said component, said mold comprising a rim comprising a bearing surface arranged to cooperate in a complementary manner bearing on said intermediate surface or on said intermediate edge, and, in the case of a plurality of said molds, each of them defines the external volume of an intermediate body delimited by an intermediate surface; complementary to said contact surface of said mold concerned, said intermediate volumes being included in each other; positioning, at a distance from said intermediate surface corresponding to the thickness required for said component, and exactly positioned with respect to said intermediate surface, said mold with its said contact surface facing said intermediate surface of said base body, with said bearing surface in sealing contact with said intermediate surface or with said intermediate edge; said second molding material is injected so as to fill completely with said second molding material a cavity delimited by said contact surface of said mold, said intermediate surface of said base body, and said flange in sealing relationship by said said surface; pressing on said intermediate surface or on said intermediate edge; said second injected material is allowed to polymerize in said cavity until it is polymerized, so as to obtain, as the case may be, either a said component or an intermediate body delimited by an intermediate surface complementary to said contact surface of said transparent mold; ; said mold is moved away; - The operation is repeated with each time a new mold whose internal volume is greater than the volume of said intermediate body obtained by said previous mold, until said component in its final volume.

According to a feature of the invention, said material "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" is chosen as said second polymerizable molding material for the production of said component.

According to a feature of the invention, a polymethacrylate is chosen as said first material.

According to a feature of the invention, each said flexible mold is made in a material "PDMS <®>".

According to a feature of the invention, said second material is injected into said cavity, during its polymerization, at a temperature between 100 ° C and 120 ° C, for 10 to 20 seconds.

According to one characteristic of the invention, after injection of said second molding material, said intermediate body or said component is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation, or else through said mold produced in the form of a mold that is transparent to the rays. ultraviolet, or after extraction of said intermediate body or said polymerized component of said cavity, to obtain an improved hardness of said intermediate body or said rigid component.

According to one characteristic of the invention, said first transparent ultraviolet ray molding material is chosen, and said intermediate body or said component is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation through said base body, in addition to said insolation through said transparent mold, to obtain an improved hardness of said intermediate body or said rigid component.

According to a characteristic of the invention, a clamping force is applied to said mold and to said base body during the injection of said second molding material into said cavity, and during the polymerization of said second molding material for the realization of said component.

According to a feature of the invention, the injection of said first molding material is carried out at a pressure greater than 100 MPa.

According to one characteristic of the invention, a structuring of optical functionalization of said intermediate surface is carried out by producing striated sectors making optical anisotropic diffuser.

According to a feature of the invention, a structuralization of mechanical functionalisation of said intermediate surface is carried out by producing tenons and / or mortises substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to a plane tangent to said lower surface or said surface. intermediate at the intersection between the extension of said tenons or mortises with the relevant surface.

According to one characteristic of the invention, a functional mechanical structuring of said intermediate surface is carried out by producing weaker sections of said basic body in its areas of high curvature than in its areas of least curvature.

According to a feature of the invention, a structuralization of mechanical functionalisation of said intermediate surface is carried out by producing zones of variable thickness of said component in its areas of least curvature.

According to a characteristic of the invention, at least one particular layer is structured from that or those covering said base body, and at least one said intermediate surface, so as to hide or reveal said particular layer, according to the optical angle of incidence of observation of said component by a user.

The invention also relates to the application of this method to a watch component selected from: ice, crown, middle, platinum, bridge, wheel, escape wheel, anchor, bearing housing, shock absorber .

The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising at least one component made according to this method.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one component produced according to this method.

Brief description of the drawings

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: <tb> - fig. 1 <sep> represents, schematically in the form of a flowchart, the succession of operations for implementing the method; <tb> - fig. 2 <sep> shows, schematically and in section according to its thickness, a component obtained according to the method, in an embodiment where a layer is deposited on a base body; <tb> - fig. 3 <sep> represents, schematically and in section along its thickness and substantially perpendicular to its main surfaces, the component of FIG. 2with one of his production tools in their configuration during forming of the component; <tb> - fig. 4 <sep> represents, similarly to FIG. 2, a variant where the component comprises two layers in superposition of a base body; <tb> - fig. <Sep> represents, similarly to FIG. 2, another variant where an intermediate surface between the base body and a covering layer is substantially smooth, and wherein the thickness of this covering layer is substantially constant; <tb> - fig. 6 <sep> represents, similarly to FIG. 2, another variant wherein an intermediate surface between the base body and a cover layer is striated; <tb> - fig. 7 <sep> represents, similarly to FIG. 2, another variant where an intermediate surface between the base body and a covering layer comprises an alternation of tenons and mortises; <tb> - fig. 8 <sep> represents, similarly to FIG. 2, another variant wherein an intermediate surface between the base body and a cover layer is locally corrugated, and wherein the cover layer is of varying thickness; <tb> - fig. 9 <sep> represents a section in the vicinity of the upper surface of a component made according to a particular variant of the invention; <tb> - fig. <Sep> represents, in the form of a block diagram, a timepiece comprising at least one component made according to the invention.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

The invention proposes to implement a method for obtaining economic, with high dimensional accuracy, 1 transparent and monobloc timepiece components.

In particular, the invention aims to provide such a component 1, with a surface hardness greater than that of the clock components usually obtained by molding plastic materials.

The invention consists in covering a base body 16, preferably transparent, of one or more layers 20, 20A, ..., having a good affinity with this base body 16 for those directly in contact with this basic body, and having a good affinity between them for those which are juxtaposed. The choice of a suitable first material for the base body 16, and a suitable second material 6 for each of the layers 20 covering this basic body or overlapping each other, totally or partially, is therefore of great importance. importance.

[0033] Preferably, a first optically transparent material is selected from PMMA or polymethacrylate, or the "Cover Form <®>" from "Evonik Röhm <®>" or the "Nanocryl <®>" from "Hanse Chemie < ®> "or a polymethacrylate or a polyacryl.

According to the invention, at least a second polymerizable molding material 6 is chosen for producing said component 1, among the "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" or "Nanocryl <®>". "Hanse Chemie <®>" or polymethacrylate or polyacryl.

The invention relates to the development of a method of manufacture and mechanical functionalization and / or optical of a clock component 1 transparent, comprising upper surfaces 2 and 3, by which, in a variant preferred implementation: a polymethacrylate base body 16 is formed, comprising said lower surface 3 and an intermediate surface 7 functionalized mechanically or / and optically; - It is covered with at least one layer 20 made by injection of a transparent and polymerizable material "Cover Form <®>", in a cavity 14 between a mold 9 and said base body 16 or an intermediate body 6A delimited by an intermediate surface 7A complementary to a contact surface 10 of a previous mold 9, the last mold 9 being the negative of said upper surface 2; the material 5 is polymerized to obtain a rigid component 1 resulting from the agglomeration of the base body 16 and the successive layer or layers; component 1 is detached from the plates and from the mold 9 made flexible, by deformation of the latter.

The hardness is improved by insolation of component 1 to ultraviolet rays.

More generically, the method of manufacture and mechanical functionalization and / or optical of a timepiece component 1 optically transparent and having an upper surface 2 and a lower surface 3 connected by an edge 4, the edge 4 extending along the thickness of the component 1, comprises the following steps: AA: a first optically transparent material is selected, for the production of a base body 16, from PMMA or polymethacrylate, the "Cover Form <®>" from "Evonik Röhm <®>" or the "Nanocryl < ®> "from Hanse Chemie <®>" or polyacryl; - BB; at least one second polymerizable molding material 6 is selected for producing one or more layers 20 of component 1, among the "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" or "Nanocryl <®>" "Hanse Chemie <®>" or a polymethacrylate or a polyacryl; CC: forming of a base body 16 of the component 1, in the first material 5, the base body 16 being of smaller volume than that of the component 1 and extending between the lower surface 3 and a surface intermediate 7 connected by an intermediate edge 8, and performs a structuring of mechanical or / and optical functionalization of the intermediate surface 7, either during the forming of the base body 16 in a suitable mold, or in machining recovery after forming ; DD: we define a number of layers 20 to be superimposed on the base body 16 to obtain a component 1; For each layer, a mold 9 having a contact surface 10, or the negative of the upper surface 2, or a surface delimiting a solid of volume less than the final volume of the component 1, the mold 9 having a flange 11 having a bearing surface 12 arranged to cooperate in complementary manner bearing on the intermediate surface 7 or on the intermediate edge 8, and, in the case of a plurality of molds 9, these each define the external volume an intermediate body 6A delimited by an intermediate surface 7A complementary to the contact surface 10 of the mold 9 concerned, the intermediate volumes 6A being included in each other; - FF: is positioned at a distance from the intermediate surface 7 corresponding to the thickness required for the component 1, and exactly positioned relative to the intermediate surface 7, the mold 9 with its contact surface 10 facing the surface intermediate 7 of the base body 16, with the bearing surface 12 in sealing contact with the intermediate surface 7 or with the intermediate edge 8; - GG: the second molding material 6 is injected, so as to fill completely with the second molding material 6 a cavity 14 delimited by the contact surface 10 of the mold 9, the intermediate surface 7 of the base body 16, and the rim 11 in sealing support by its bearing surface 12 on the intermediate surface 7 or on the intermediate edge 8; - HH: the second material 6 injected into the cavity 14 is allowed to polymerize until its polymerization, in order to obtain, as the case may be, either a component 1 or an intermediate body 6A delimited by an intermediate surface 7A complementary to the contact surface 10 of the transparent mold 9; - JJ: we move away the mold 9; - The operation is repeated with each time a new mold 9 whose internal volume is greater than the volume of the intermediate body 6A obtained by the previous mold, until component 1 in its final volume.

The material "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" is preferably chosen as the second polymerizable molding material 6 for the production of the layer 20 or layers 20 of component 1, and it is chosen to preferably a polymethacrylate as the first material 5.

Indeed, the material "Cover Form <®>" has, once polymerized, and in particular after a KK heating treatment at a temperature below 130 ° C, close to 110 ° C, and even more after a ultraviolet LL irradiation treatment, hereinafter UV, performed after such heating, excellent surface hardness, which makes it able to provide excellent resistance to scratches, shocks, and abrasion. Ultraviolet irradiation LL has the effect of increasing the superficial duration of the component 1 obtained by effecting the final crosslinking of the system.

In addition, during its implementation, this product, which is the result of a mixture of liquid phases, base and activator, has in its liquid phase a very good wettability that allows it to occupy all porosity, slits, and generally all the superficial hollows and reliefs of a basic body with which it is brought into contact. Its use as a cover layer thus makes it possible to hide all the defects of the component or subcomponent, base body 16 or intermediate body 6A to which it is applied.

Each flexible mold 9 is preferably produced in a "PDMS <®>" material, which allows a very high dimensional accuracy, and a perfect surface state.

Preferably, to obtain an improved hardness of the intermediate body 6A or the rigid component 1, the second material 6 is injected into the cavity 14, during its polymerization, at a temperature below 130 ° C, preferably between between 100 ° C and 120 ° C for 10 to 20 seconds. This heating is preferably carried out while the component or the subcomponent is still in the cavity 14.

In an advantageous embodiment, cooling is carried out at room temperature at least as abrupt as the heating, for a period of less than 20 seconds.

To obtain an improved hardness of the intermediate body 6A or the rigid component 1, after injection of the second molding material 6, the intermediate body 6A or the component 1 is insulated with ultraviolet radiation, or through the mold. 9 in the form of a mold transparent to ultraviolet rays, or after extraction of the intermediate body 6A or polymerized component 1 of the cavity 14.

Advantageously, the first transparent ultraviolet ray molding material 5 is chosen, which then makes it possible to irradiate the intermediate body 6A or the component 1 with ultraviolet radiation through the base body 16, in addition to insolation through the transparent mold 9, to obtain an improved hardness of the intermediate body 6A or rigid component 1.

A clamping force is preferably applied to the mold 9 and to the base body 16 during the injection of the second molding material 6 into the cavity 14, and during the polymerization of the second molding material 6 for the production of component 1.

The injection molding of the first molding material 5 is preferably carried out at high pressure, that is to say with a pressure greater than 100 MPa, while remaining less than 150 MPa.

FIG. 4 illustrates a multilayer embodiment 20: a first layer 20A completely or partially covers a base body 16 directly to form with it an intermediate body 6A, as can be seen in FIG. 4A, and this first layer 20A is itself covered, totally or partially, by a second peripheral layer 20B. It is understood that it is possible to produce a compound with a higher number of layers, without departing from the invention.

If the object of the invention is to produce transparent compounds, it also makes it possible to produce compounds with inclusions of a decorative or technical character, for example the markings for displaying hour markers, which can be produced in the thickness of a watch glass, or on the side of this ice facing the switch or the display means of the timepiece, or markers of beaches corresponding to particular displays, such as the reserve of walk or the like.

In the case where the shape of the component 1 is tormented, is made in at least one such mold 9 a capillary network 13 of injection and degassing, and the second molding material 6 is injected through the capillary network of injection 13 in the transparent mold 9 concerned, so as to completely fill the second molding material 6 such a cavity 14 defined by the contact surface 10 of the transparent mold 9, the intermediate surface 7 of the base body 16, and the rim 11 in sealing support by its bearing surface 12 on the intermediate surface 7 or on the intermediate edge 8.

In order to give specific physical or / and optical properties to component 1, a functionalization structuring is carried out. In the variant of FIG. 6, a structuring of optical functionalization of the intermediate surface 7 is achieved by the production of striated sectors making optical anisotropic diffuser.

In the variant of FIG. 7, a structuralization of mechanical functionalization of the intermediate surface 7 is carried out by the production of pins 18 and / or mortises 17 substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to a plane tangential to the lower surface 3 or the intermediate surface 7 at the level of the intersection between the extension of the tenons or mortises with the surface concerned.

In the variant of FIG. 8, a mechanical functionalization structuring of the intermediate surface 7 is carried out by producing stronger sections of the base body 16 in its areas of high curvature than in its zones of lesser curvature, and sections of layers 20 are produced. stronger sections in areas of high curvature than in areas of lower curvature.

Structuring of mechanical functionalization of the intermediate surface 7 is carried out by producing zones of variable thickness of the component 1 in its areas of least curvature.

The choice of material "Cover Form <®>" allows the deposition of thin layers 20. Preferably, the base body 16 is covered to obtain the component 1, with a cumulative thickness of the layer or layers 20 in the second material of between 10 and 50 microns.

Advantageously, when a multi-layer compound is produced, a functionalization structuring of several of the intermediate surfaces between these layers, as visible in FIG. 4, where the intermediate surfaces 7 and 7A are thus structured.

In a particular application, at least one particular layer 20 is structured from that or those covering the base body 16, and at least one intermediate surface 7, so as to hide or reveal the particular layer, depending on the angle optical incidence of observation of component 1 by a user.

A particularly advantageous variant of inclusion of a technical nature for the components 1 intended to be part of a watch movement is to provide pockets or cells when performing the structuring of mechanical functionalization of the intermediate surface 7, as for example. for example, the mortises 70 of FIG. 7, so as to be able to deposit particles of particular properties before the application of the upper layer. The properties of the "Cover Form <®>" material in the liquid state before its polymerization make it possible to play on its capillarity, when it is mixed with such particles, to deposit them at the bottom of such mortises or the like. A very tight dimensioning of these mortises, grooves, cells, pockets or the like, and close to the particle size of the particles, makes it possible to retain particles of small particle size during the injection of the liquid product intended to form the next layer, in a perfectly perfect position. defined.

In particular, the choice of the insertion of electrified or electrisable particles, and / or magnetized or magnetizable, makes it possible to confer on the component 1 thus produced particular physical properties of attraction and / or repulsion with other components. a clockwork movement, complementary properties depending on the desired effect. Fig. 9 illustrates a particular embodiment in which is inserted into the mold cavity 17, either before the injection of the first molding material 5, or during or after this injection, nodules 18 each having an electrizable core and / or magnetizable or and / electrified or / and magnetized, in particular electrets, ferrites, neodymium magnets, or the like.

The electrification or magnetization may be prior to or subsequent to the injection. Fig. 6illustrates, for example, magnetized particles after the complete polymerization of the first molding material 5, in particular "Cover Form <®>". This fig. 6 also illustrates, in an area of the upper surface 2, cells 19 arranged for lubrication. The contact surface 7 of the plate 6 is then arranged accordingly.

In another variant, a lubricant material is mixed with the first molding material 5, similarly to nodules 18 above.

The invention also relates to the application of this method to a watch component 1 selected from: mirror, crown, middle, platinum, bridge, wheel, escape wheel, anchor, bearing housing, anti-damper shock, this list being in no way limiting.

The choice of a thin layer 20 in "Cover Form <®>" on a base body 16 made of PMMA guarantees a first physicochemical diffusion reaction at the interface to the intermediate surface 7. implementation of the product "Cover Form <®>", which is a two-component mixed in liquid phase can occupy all the pores, both of the intermediate surface 7, the mold. This explains both the perfect surface conditions obtained, of course within the limit of the quality of the molds used, that the transparency of the component 1 obtained: in the absence of dye, the joint surface is invisible, and it is impossible to see the boundary between the different materials with the naked eye. The "Cover Form <®>" is suitable for coloring, which allows the manufacture of components with special decorations, including multicolored and in their thickness. The realization of holograms is also possible.

The invention makes it possible to obtain components of high transparency, with a surface hardness greater than that of the usual molded plastics, of durable hardness. The scratch behavior is very good. By using as the first molding material 5 of the "Cover Form <®>", with a heating below 130 ° C and a UV curing, a hardness is obtained, which is classified on the scale of the writing graphite mines. level 7H, to be compared with a hardness 2H of a standard PMMA having received an anti-scratch treatment, or with a hardness HB of a polyamide.

It is understood that the method described in detail above is a representative example of a family of processes that the user implements according to the means of production that he uses.

In particular, in an automated process, one can advantageously: - close the tool so as to define a first chamber volume; inject the first material 5 therein; - to cool it; partially reopening the mold, so as to create a second chamber of volume greater than that of the first volume, the difference between these volumes corresponding to the volume of a first layer 20A of second material 6; injecting this second material 6; - carry out a heating of hardening; - carry out UV irradiation of complementary hardening; - cool the compound; - repeat the operation as many times as there are layers to superimpose with the same mold profile.

Of course, during the process, it is possible to change counter molds in order to modify the geometry of the component produced.

The ease of implementation of the method according to the invention also allows, on the same component to delimit areas covered with second material 6, and others that are lacking, so, depending on the materials chosen, to facilitate the implementation of other processes such as laser or ultrasonic welding, or the like, which can be made in a better quality on some materials.

Finally, the production cycle according to the invention is extremely rapid: for the manufacture of a component with a single coating layer, the number of operations to be performed at the injection station is 4, compared to the 14 operations required for making a similar component in a conventional material coated with an anti-scratch coating.

The invention also relates to a watch movement 100 comprising at least one component 1 made according to this method.

The invention also relates to a timepiece 1000 comprising at least one component 1 made according to this method

Claims (21)

1. A method of manufacturing and mechanical and / or optical functionalization of a timepiece component (1) optically transparent and comprising an upper surface (2) and a lower surface (3) connected by an edge (4), said edge (4) extending according to the thickness of said component (1), characterized in that: a first optically transparent material (5) is selected from PMMA or polymethacrylate, the "Cover Form <®>" from "Evonik Röhm <®>" or the "Nanocryl <®>" from "Hanse Chemie <®>" or a polyacryl; at least one second polymerizable molding material (6) is selected for producing at least one layer (20) of said component (1), among the "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" or "Nanocryl <®>" from "Hanse Chemie <®>" or a polymethacrylate or a polyacryl; - forming of a base body (16) of said component (1) in said first material (5), said base body (16) of volume less than that of said component (1) and extending between said lower surface (3) and an intermediate surface (7) connected by an intermediate edge (8), and a structuring of mechanical and / or optical functionalization of said intermediate surface (7) is carried out, either during the forming of said basic body (16) in a suitable mold, or in machining after said forming; - defining a number of layers (20) to be superimposed on said base body (16) to obtain a said component (1); for each said layer (20), a mold (9) is produced whose contact surface (10) is either the negative of said upper surface (2) or a surface delimiting a solid of less volume than final volume of said component (1), said mold (9) having a flange (11) comprising a bearing surface (12) arranged to cooperate in complementary manner bearing on said intermediate surface (7) or on said intermediate edge (8). ), and, in the case of a plurality of said molds (9), these each define the external volume of an intermediate body (6A) delimited by an intermediate surface (7A) complementary to said contact surface (10) of said mold (9) concerned, said intermediate volumes (6A) being included in each other; positioned at a distance from said intermediate surface corresponding to the thickness required for said component (I) and exactly positioned relative to said intermediate surface (7), said mold (9) with its said surface; contact (10) facing said intermediate surface (7) of said base body (16), with said bearing surface (12) in sealing contact with said intermediate surface (7) or with said intermediate edge (8); said second molding material (6) is injected so as to fill completely with said second molding material (6) a cavity (14) delimited by said contact surface (10) of said mold (9), said intermediate surface (7); ) said base body (16), and said flange (11) in sealing engagement by said support surface (12) on said intermediate surface (7) or on said intermediate edge (8); said second material (6) injected into said cavity (14) is allowed to polymerize until it is polymerized, so as to obtain, as the case may be, either said component (1) constituted by the assembly of said base body (16); ) with at least said layer (20), or an intermediate body (16A) delimited by an intermediate surface (7A) complementary to said contact surface (10) of said transparent mold (9); said mold (9) is moved away; the operation of forming a layer (20) is renewed with each time a new mold (9) whose internal volume is greater than the volume of said intermediate body (16A) obtained by said preceding mold, until said component (1) in its final volume. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said material "Cover Form <®>" of "Evonik Röhm <®>" is chosen as said second molding material (6) polymerizable for the realization of at least one said layer (20) of said component (1). 3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a polymetacrylate is chosen as said first material (5). 4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each said mold (9) is made of flexible material "PDMS <®>". 5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that subject said second material (6) injected into said cavity (14), during its polymerization, at a temperature between 100 ° C and 120 ° C, during 10 to 20 seconds. 6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after injection of said second molding material (6), said intermediate body (6A) or said component (1) is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation, or through said mold (9) in the form of a mold transparent to ultraviolet rays, or after extraction of said intermediate body (6A) or polymerized component (1) from said cavity (14), to obtain an improved hardness said intermediate body (16A) or rigid component (1). 7. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that one chooses said first molding material (5) transparent to ultraviolet rays, and in that one insole said intermediate body (6A) or said component (1) by ultraviolet radiation through said base body (16), in addition to said insolation through said transparent mold (9), to obtain improved hardness of said intermediate body (16A) or rigid component (1). 8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clamping force is applied to said mold (9) and said base body (16) during the injection of said second molding material (6) into said cavity (14), and during the polymerization of said second molding material (6) for producing said component (1). 9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said component (1) is made with said upper surface (2) planar, and that selects said mold (9) transparent to ultraviolet rays with at least its said contact surface (10) plane. 10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it carries in at least one said mold (9) a capillary network (13) for injection and degassing, and said second molding material is injected (6). ) through said capillary injection network (13) in said transparent mold (9) concerned, so as to completely fill said second molding material (6) with a cavity (14) delimited by said contact surface (10) of said transparent mold (9), said intermediate surface (7) of said base body (16), and said flange (11) sealingly supported by said support surface (12) on said intermediate surface (7) or on said edge intermediate (8). 11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the injection of said first molding material (5) at a pressure greater than 100 MPa. 12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that carries out a structuring of optical functionalization of said intermediate surface (7) by producing striated sectors making optical anisotropic diffuser. 13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that performs a structuralization of mechanical functionalisation of said intermediate surface (7) by the realization of tenons (18) or / and mortises (70) substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to a plane tangential to said lower surface (3) or said intermediate surface (7) at the intersection between the extension of said tenons or mortises with the surface concerned. 14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a structuralization of mechanical functionalization of said intermediate surface (7) is carried out by the production of weaker sections of said base body (16) in its areas of high curvature. only in its areas of lesser curvature, and sections of layers (20) of contribution of stronger sections are made in its areas of strong curvature than in areas of least curvature. 15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that carries out a structuralization of mechanical functionalization of said intermediate surface (7) by producing zones of variable thickness of said component (1) in its areas of least curvature . 16. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that carries out a structuralization of mechanical functionalization of at least one said intermediate surface (7) to provide relief with depressions of dimension close to the particle size of electrified particles. or electrisable, and / or magnetized or magnetizable, that is deposited there mixed with "Cover Form <®>" material in the liquid state, before the application of a top layer of "Cover Form <®>" material 17. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that covers said base body (16), to achieve said component (1), with a cumulative thickness of material of said layer or layers between 10 and 50 microns. 18. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that structure at least one layer (20) particular of that or those covering said base body (16), and at least one said intermediate surface (7), in order to hide or reveal said particular layer (20), according to the optical angle of incidence of observation of said component (1) by a user. 19. Application of the method according to one of the preceding claims to a timepiece component (1) selected from: mirror, crown, middle, platinum, bridge, wheel, escape wheel, anchor, bearing housing, shock absorber shock. 20. Watchmaking movement (100) comprising at least one component (1) produced according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 18. 21. Timepiece (1000) comprising at least one component (1) produced according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 18.