CH695412A5 - Method and kit particularly for applying a cosmetic product. - Google Patents

Description

CH 695 412 A5

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for applying any cosmetic substance, and a kit comprising a device for the realization of this method and the cosmetic substance.

[0002] Recent advances in the field of cosmetic production allow us to obtain products that can satisfy the most specific needs. A greater functionalization should however be able to find its completion in the possibility of applying the cosmetic product in a site-specific manner so as to allow the product to fully carry out its aesthetic activity on the area of interest.

[0003] Nevertheless, improvements in terms of formulation and selectivity have not yet been reflected in a parallel evolution of cosmetic application methods. In fact, it often happens that the manual coating, the use of perforated containers from which the contents come out by pressure or the use of applicators in pencil form are still the only solutions adopted. This situation means that in many cases an inappropriate or inadequate device or method of application leads to an inevitable reduction, if not even a frustration, of the improved functional and formulation qualities of a cosmetic product.

[0004] For example, the traditional application of cosmetics for make-up can be affected by various drawbacks including the poor precision in the application in the case of rigid applicators for eye-liner or the breakage of the pasty mass in the case of lipsticks. As for the more specific products such as anti-wrinkle creams, the inadequacy of conventional application methods is even more pronounced. The crucial aspect of the uniformity of application, both in terms of quantity of product applied and site of application, is in fact normally entrusted to the end user who proceeds in a completely empirical manner by applying a quantity that is from time to time variable taking it manually from the preparation container.

[0005] In light of the above, it is therefore evident that it would be advantageous to be able to apply the cosmetics in a precise, accurate, constant and uniform manner both in terms of quantity of applied substance and in terms of application site.

[0006] An optimization of the application of a cosmetic product would result, for example, in an applied product saving, in a simplification of the application methodology, in an overall improvement of the final visual result, an aspect which represents the ultimate function of any cosmetic product, both functional and for make-up.

[0007] The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for applying a cosmetic product which overcomes the drawbacks of the known art.

[0008] Within this task, one of the aims is to provide a method which allows any cosmetic product to be applied in a repeatable and reproducible manner.

[0009] Another object is to provide a method as above which allows to apply any cosmetic product in a site-specific manner, in a constant and determinable quantity.

[0010] Still another object is to provide a method as above which allows to apply any cosmetic product in an accurate, simple and fast manner obtaining an improved final visual effect.

[0011] Other objects are to provide a device for carrying out the above method, and a kit comprising this device and any cosmetic product for a combined application.

[0012] These and other objects are achieved by a method for applying a cosmetic product, said method comprising the steps of:

- supply a syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a plunger (8);

- supply a hollow needle for external application with a truncated end;

- supplying at least one cosmetic product;

- applying said at least one cosmetic product on a selected area of interest between the external surfaces of the human body, through the use of said syringe connected to said needle for external application.

[0013] The objects of the invention are also achieved by a kit for applying a cosmetic product on a selected area of interest between the external surfaces of the human body, said kit comprising: at least one syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a plunger ( 8), at least one hollow needle for external application with a truncated end, and at least one cosmetic product to be applied to said area of interest.

[0014] The characteristics of the invention explicitly mentioned only in relation to the method or the kit are to be considered valid also with regard to the remaining aspects, although not explicitly repeated, if applicable to them.

[0015] By hollow needle for external application with a truncated end we mean an element which in practice is also known by the names of cannula, tip and applicative tip, where the choice of the most correct term depends exclusively on the custom of naming this element as a needle if it is made of metal, as a tip or applicative tip if it is made of plastic and with the term cannula in case the material is not referred to but only to the shape. Since the needle of the invention can be made of metal, plastic or combinations thereof, the reported wordings can be used in an equivalent manner.

[0016] By cosmetic product is meant any substance or composition of substances other than medicaments, devoid of any therapeutic purpose, intended to be applied exclusively on the external surfaces of the body

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human for the main or exclusive purpose of cleaning them, perfuming them, modifying their appearance, correcting body odors, protecting them or keeping them in good condition.

[0017] By external surfaces of the human body are meant epidermis, hair system, scalp, hair, nails, lips, external genital organs, mucous membranes of the mouth. Preferably epidermis, hair system, scalp and hair, nails, and lips. Even more preferably epidermis and especially wrinkles.

[0018] The invention is by definition directed to an exclusive application on the external parts of the human body, as clearly indicated by the definition of cosmetic product highlighted above. Furthermore, the hollow needle for external application with a truncated end does not allow to pierce or penetrate any of the external surfaces of the body on which it is intended to apply the cosmetic product.

[0019] Cosmetic products which are preferably applied in combination with a syringe and a needle such as those described herein are selectable from the group comprising creams, emulsions, pastes, ointments, lotions, gels and oils for the skin (skin of hands, feet , face, scalp and body), beauty masks, make-up and eye make-up products, products intended to be applied around the eyes, products intended to be applied to lips and lip contour, cleaning and treatment products of the skin of the face, anti-wrinkle products, products for the hygiene of the teeth and mouth, products for the hygiene of the nails and lacquers for the same, products for the external intimate hygiene, solar products, products for tanning in absence of sun, products to lighten the skin, anti-cellulite products, anti-stretch mark products, products for the treatment of body skin in general, perfumes, toilet water and cologne, for baths and showers (such as foams, oils, frosts, etc.), depilatories, deodorants and anti-wear-remelters, hair treatment products, products for the treatment of the scalp, products for shaving ( such as soaps, foams, lotions, etc.), foundations (both in the form of liquids, pastes and powders), make-up powder, talc do-pobagno and body hygiene in general, and mixtures thereof. Even more preferably, cosmetics can be selected from the group consisting of creams, emulsions, pastes, ointments, lotions, gels and oils for the skin (skin of hands, feet, face, scalp and body), make-up and make-up products of the eyes, products intended to be applied around the eyes, products intended to be applied on the lips and around the lips, anti-wrinkle products, nail care products and lacquers for the same, products for tanning in the absence of sun, products to lighten the skin, anti-stretch marks, hair removal products, hair treatment products, scalp treatment products, shaving products (such as soaps, foams, lotions, etc.), foundation (both in form of liquids, pastes and powders), and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred cosmetic products are anti-wrinkle products.

[0020] The present invention will be described with reference to Figs. attached, where:

fig. 1 and 4 are exploded views of two embodiments of plunger (8) and cylinder (1),

fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6 represent perspective views of two embodiments of syringe, shown therein complete with the main structural elements consisting respectively of cylinder (1), plunger (8) and needle, where the plunger (8) is shown already inserted in the cylinder (1) and the needle is already connected to the cylinder (1),

fig. 7 to 11 show perspective views of different embodiments of hollow needles for external application with a truncated end,

fig. 12 represents a cap to be applied on the needles and designed to maintain efficiency and cleanliness between one application and the next.

[0021] The present invention relates to a new and innovative method of applying cosmetic products of any kind, both functional and make-up, preferably anti-wrinkle products, said application taking place through the combination of a syringe device equipped with special hollow needles for application external with truncated end. The combination of needles, syringes and cosmetic product allows obtaining precision of application in the areas that are to be subjected to cosmetic treatment. Since the invention concerns the field of cosmetics, the application on the human body is an external application, preferably on the epidermis, devoid of therapeutic effects. The precision and accuracy obtained with the method of the invention allow, unlike known methods, the considerable advantage of being able to apply with maximum precision for example anti-wrinkle cosmetics directly above the furrow of wrinkles.

[0022] In a highly preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the combination of the following elements thus defined:

1. a syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a piston (8) (Fig. 1 and 4), where said cylinder (1) has essentially a perforated end (5) used to receive the plunger (8) and a end (2) opposite to the latter provided with means suitable for connection with the hollow needle for external application with a truncated end;

2. a hollow needle for external application with a truncated end (fig. 7 to 11) preferably in metal, plastic or combinations of metal and plastic, suitable for being connected and disconnected with the syringe. After applying the cosmetic product, this needle can be disconnected, optionally cleaned, and reused for a new application;

3. any cosmetic product or mixture of cosmetics, each independently of solid, liquid or semi-solid consistency.

[0023] In a first embodiment of the invention, the cosmetic product is contained outside the syringe, ad

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example in a container from which it can be taken by the user in a predetermined quantity and time through the syringe. Advantageously, the latter is provided in the kit initially without the hollow needle, also provided in the kit but disconnected from the syringe, so that the withdrawal of the cosmetic product takes place through an opening present at the level of the connection with the needle. The latter is then connected after filling. In a different embodiment the withdrawal of the cosmetic product takes place with the needle already connected to the syringe.

[0024] Alternatively, the syringe is supplied to the end user already filled with a cosmetic product and advantageously already connected to a hollow needle for external application with truncated ends such as those described here. The preventive filling of the syringe by the manufacturer allows this operation to be carried out even more precisely and accurately and in hygienic-sanitary conditions better than in the case in which the operation is delegated to the end user. This embodiment is therefore preferred in the case of cosmetic products more sensitive to pollution by micro-organisms or other polluting agents or in the case of substances whose subsequent withdrawal would be complex, for example due to their consistency.

[0025] In a different embodiment, the pre-filled syringe of cosmetic product is supplied in the kit not yet connected to a hollow needle for external application with a truncated end, also provided in the kit but disconnected from the syringe. In this embodiment, it is advantageous that the syringe bears a protective and closing element such as advantageously a protective film or a suitable cap positioned at the end intended for housing the needle so as to prevent the exit of the cosmetic product and the contact of this last with the outside. In the case of a film, it is then easily perforated by the insertion of the needle.

[0026] The inventive idea underlying the present application is essentially represented by the combination of syringe, needle and cosmetic product, preferably as those described herein, for the external and localized application of the cosmetic product. The combination can usefully be used for local skin applications of cosmetic products in general, combining ease and speed of application with great precision in the area of application. This precision both in terms of application site and of applied quantity is particularly advantageous in the case of functional cosmetic products such as anti-wrinkle creams that need to be applied specifically over the furrow of the wrinkle or near the eye, in order to treat e.g. unsightly conventionally known as "crow's feet". However, these advantages are also very useful in the case of cosmetic corrector applications on small spots on the skin, or on all points where there is a need for precise and accurate application as in the case of cosmetic products for make-up such as eye- cosmetic liner, lipstick for lip contour, and any other cosmetic product.

[0027] An important aspect of the invention lies in a method comprising the new and inventive use of a syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a plunger (8), and a hollow needle for external application with truncated ends, preferably like those described here, to apply any cosmetic substance externally to the body, preferably on the skin. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a kit comprising the combination of at least one syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a plunger (8) preferably as herein defined, at least one hollow needle for external application with a truncated end preferably as herein defined, and any cosmetic product, where said hollow needle can be provided already connected with the syringe or still to be connected, and where said cosmetic product can already be present inside said syringe or contained outside it. If the cosmetic product is supplied externally to the syringe, the kit also includes the container from which the user can take the cosmetic product itself at the preset time.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of the following preferred embodiments, intended purely for the purpose of an illustrative and non-limiting example.

[0029] A particularly preferred syringe essentially comprises the following elements:

a) a cylinder (1) advantageously made of plastic, metal, glass or combinations thereof, of which one of the two ends (2) has a housing (3) with truncated ends of predetermined shapes, for interlocking for example with a screw through a suitable thread (4) or bayonet of the needle. At the end (5) perforated and opposite to the end (2), the cylinder (1) carries an enlargement (6) for a comfortable grip of the syringe by the user, enlargement (6) which can be of a predetermined shape, for example circular, oval, hexagonal, octagonal or other.

[0030] On the cylinder (1) it is optionally possible to print with any technique such as, for example, silk-screen printing, labeling, optionally color hot engraving, one or more of the following elements:

- a graduation, or a graduated scale (7) which indicates to the user the amount of cosmetic product to be applied or already applied, or the quantity withdrawn if the cosmetic product is initially external to the syringe,

- the name of the producer,

- the name of the cosmetic product itself.

[0031] The presence of the graduated scale is optional and preferable. All the elements listed above are advantageously printed.

[0032] The internal section of the cylinder is preferably identical in all its length. The surface of this section can have various dimensions, preferably between 1mm2 and 100 mm;

b) a plunger (8), preferably made of plastic, glass, metal or combinations thereof. It has an initial part (9) advantageously made of rubber, preferably silicone rubber, or other material having a watertight function between the piston (8) and the inner part of the cylinder (1) and adapted to be inserted at the end (5) perforated cylinder (1) itself. This initial part (9) of the cylinder (1) can have a cylindrical, cylindrical shape with a conical or pointed finish. In

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a preferred embodiment, it is possible to obtain a highly precise dosage of the cosmetic product by providing the initial part of the plunger (8) with a special solid cylinder, advantageously made of silicone rubber, provided with two circular bands which by rotating the solid cylinder itself they advance progressively measured, that is to say precision. The solid cylinder must have a screw thread to allow it to advance.

[0033] The plunger (8) can have a section of a predetermined shape, for example cylindrical, with wings, a star or other.

[0034] The length of the plunger (8) is such that the initial part (9) of the plunger (8) sealing material is inserted up to the end of the cylinder (1) where the housing (3) is located for the hollow needle, so as to allow the total expulsion of the cosmetic product contained in the syringe.

[0035] The plunger (8), in the opposite part (11) to the advantageously (9) one of rubber comes out for a variable length from the cylinder (1) and bears an element (12) wider than the width of the uniform section of the portion to be inserted in the cylinder (1), to allow the manual movement of the plunger inside the cylinder. This enlarged portion can have any shape, for example circular, elliptical, triangular, round, oval, independently of the section of the plunger (8).

[0036] For the syringe to work properly it is important that the plunger (8), and in particular the silicone rubber placed in the initial part (9) thereof, has a perfect adherence in the inner part of the cylinder (1), so as to obtain a precise collection and dosing of the cosmetic product to be applied.

[0037] As mentioned, the end (2) of the cylinder (1) carries connection means for the hollow needle with a truncated end. In a particular embodiment, these means comprise a first thread (4) present on the cylinder (1) and a second thread (13) complementary to the first but present on the hollow needle. In a different embodiment, these means comprise a first joint element on the cylinder (1) of the syringe able to hold the hollow needle through a second element, complementary to the first, present on the needle itself. The combination of said first and second elements can for example be a bayonet joint. The connection, however it occurs, is not definitive so that the hollow needle can be disconnected from the cylinder (1) and reused. Lago cable may initially be supplied already connected to the cylinder (1) (for example fig. 2) or may be connected to it at the time of use.

[0038] The hollow needle (fig. 7 to 11) is necessarily and exclusively for external application, it has a truncated end and a hollow interior, it can be made of metal, plastic, glass, titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramics or combinations thereof; preferably the part (14) to be inserted with a screw or a bayonet in the external part of the cylinder (1) is made of plastic, while the part (15) which comes into contact for example with the outer surface of the leather can be in any type of material.

[0039] The dimensions and shapes of the hollow needle can be variable. For example, the hollow needles can be perfectly straight (fig. 7) or folded (as in fig. 8) at an angle, a curve, a spiral or any other shape according to the functional needs required by the application of the cosmetic product. The shape which has a curvature or an angle is preferred since it facilitates the application of the cosmetic product itself.

[0040] Optionally and to favor the application of the cosmetic product, the hollow needles can have specific elements in the distal part of the truncated end such as special bristles or fibers which advantageously form a small brush (16 in Fig. 9) or a sponge (17 in Fig. 11). This allows to further optimize the distribution of the cosmetic product in the chosen area for the application or to obtain a more widespread application.

[0041] The surface of the inner section of the hollow needles can vary from 10 micron2 (= 10 pm2) to 10 cm2, preferably from 100 micron2 to 3 cm2. The inner section of the hollow needle may vary in shape, for example it may be wider in the part adapted to be connected with the syringe and narrower in the terminal part in contact with the area of application of the cosmetic product. The hollow needle can have a cylindrical, oval, flat or other shape for its entire length.

[0042] Hollow needles, both those made entirely of plastic, made entirely of metal, or plastic plus metal and / or other materials can be provided with a cap (fig. 12), advantageously made of soft vinyl or other material, suitable for maintaining hygiene of the hollow needle and to allow optimal conservation even if the hollow needle is kept disconnected from the cylinder (1).

[0043] The new and inventive use of syringes and hollow needles as preferably those described above, in combination with any cosmetic product, has made it possible to apply the cosmetic product itself externally to the said cosmetic product in a precise, accurate, uniform and constant manner .

[0044] The present invention also provides a kit comprising at least one syringe preferably as the one described above, at least one hollow needle with a truncated end for external application preferably as the one described above and at least one cosmetic product.

[0045] In one embodiment, the or one of the syringes included in the kit already contain a cosmetic product introduced by the manufacturer. In a different embodiment, the kit also includes or only one or more syringes which are supplied empty and the at least one cosmetic product is contained in suitable separate containers but always included in the kit, containers from which the end user can easily take the cosmetic product. Even if the syringes are already supplied filled with a cosmetic product, the kit can advantageously comprise one or more separate containers containing the cosmetic product, so as to allow re-use of syringes and hollow needles once the quantity of cosmetic product initially introduced has been completed from the manufacturer.

[0046] In one embodiment, the or at least one of the syringes contained in the kit is supplied with the hollow needle already connected thereto. In a different embodiment, the or at least one of the syringes contained in the kit is still supplied without the hollow needle, also contained in the kit, which must therefore be mounted by the end user.

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[0047] The kit can comprise more than one predetermined type of syringes as well as more than a predetermined type of hollow needles, advantageously different predetermined types and optimal for cosmetic products with different physical characteristics.

[0048] Although only a few preferred embodiments of the invention have been explicitly illustrated in the text, it will be immediately clear to a person skilled in the art that numerous structural modifications are possible to the elements involved in the method and in the kit while maintaining the advantages deriving from the combination of the present invention defined in the claims.

Claims (31)

claims 1. Method for applying a cosmetic product, said method comprising the steps of: - supply a syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a plunger (8); - supply a hollow needle for external application with a truncated end; - supplying at least one cosmetic product; - applying said at least one cosmetic product on a selected area of interest between the external surfaces of the human body, through the use of said syringe connected to said needle for external application. 2. Kit, as a means of performing the method according to claim 1, said kit comprising: - at least one syringe comprising a cylinder (1) and a piston (8), - at least one hollow needle for external application with a truncated end, e - at least one cosmetic product to be applied on a selected area of interest between the external surfaces of the human body. 3. Kit according to claim 2, comprising more than one predetermined type of syringes and / or more than a predetermined type of needles. 4. Kit according to claim 2 or 3, comprising at least one container different from the at least one syringe and containing the cosmetic product. 5. Kit according to one of the claims from 2 to 4, wherein said cosmetic product is contained in a container external to the syringe from which it can be taken by a user in predetermined quantities and moments. 6. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said cosmetic product is provided contained in one or more syringes, by which it is applicable in prefixed quantities and moments. 7. Kit according to claim 5 or 6, where the hollow needle is not connected to the syringe, to which it can be connected by a user at the pre-set time. 8. Kit according to claim 5 or 6, where the hollow needle is connected to the syringe. 9. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 8, wherein said cosmetic product is a single compound or a mixture of compounds, each being independently liquid, solid or semi-solid. 10. Kit according to claim 9, wherein the cosmetic product is independently selected from the group consisting of functional cosmetics and make-up cosmetics. 11. Kit according to claim 10, wherein said cosmetic product is selected from the group consisting of creams, emulsions, pastes, ointments, lotions, gels and oils for the skin, beauty masks, make-up and eye make-up products, products intended to be applied around the eyes, products intended for application on lips and lip contour, products for cleaning and treating facial skin, anti-wrinkle products, products for dental and oral hygiene, hygiene products of nails and lacquers for the same, products for external intimate hygiene, solar products, products for tanning in the absence of sun, products to lighten the skin, anti-cellulite products, anti-stretch marks products, products for the treatment of body skin in genus, perfumes, toilet water and cologne, preparations for baths and showers, depilatories, deodorants and anti-perspirators, hair treatment products, products for the treatment of the scalp, products for shaving, foundation, make-up powder, talcum powder for the body hygiene in general, and their mixtures. 12. Kit according to claim 11, where the cosmetic is selected from the group consisting of creams, emulsions, pastes, ointments, lotions, gels and oils for the skin, make-up and eye make-up products, products intended to be applied on the eye contour, products intended to be applied to lips and lip contour, anti-wrinkle products, nail care products and lacquers for the same, products for sunless tanning, skin lightening products, anti-stretch marks products, products for hair removal, products, for hair treatment, products for the treatment of the scalp, shaving products, foundations, and their mixtures. 13. Kit according to claim 12, wherein the cosmetic product is one or more anti-wrinkle products. 14. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 13, wherein said external surfaces of the human body can be selected from the group consisting of epidermis, hair system, scalp, hair, nails, lips, external genital organs, mucous membranes of the mouth. 15. Kit according to claim 14, wherein said external surfaces of the human body are selectable from the group consisting of epidermis, hair system, scalp and hair, nails, and lips, preferably epidermis, more preferably wrinkles. 16. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 15, where the cylinder (1) comprises a perforated end (5) used for receiving 6 CH 695 412 A5 the plunger (8) and an end (2) opposite to the latter provided with means suitable for connection with the hollow needle for external application with a truncated end. 17. Kit according to claim 16, wherein the cylinder (1), made of plastic, metal, glass or combinations thereof, carries at the end (2) provided with means suitable for the connection with the hollow needle of a housing (3) of predetermined shape with a truncated end for the joint with the needle, at the perforated end (5) carries an enlargement (6) of predetermined shape for the handle of the syringe by the user. 18. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 17, wherein one or more of the following elements is printed on said cylinder (1): - a graduation, or a graduated scale (7), - the name of the producer, - the name of the cosmetic product itself. 19. Kit according to claim 16, where the internal section of the cylinder (1) has a constant surface throughout its length and between 1 mm2 and 100 mm2. 20. The kit according to claim 16, wherein the plunger (8), made of plastic, glass, metal or combinations thereof, has an initial part (9) in sealing material between the plunger (8) and the internal part of the cylinder (1), said initial part (9) being able to be inserted into the perforated end (5) of the cylinder (1) itself. 21. Kit according to claim 16, wherein the piston (8) has an initial part (9) provided with a full cylindrical element, advantageously made of silicone rubber, provided with a screw thread and with two circular bands which by means of the rotation of the the full cylindrical element itself due to the screw thread make it advance gradually measured. 22. Kit according to claim 20, wherein the piston (8) in the opposite part (11) to the initial one (9), advantageously made of rubber, comes out for a variable length from the cylinder (1) and bears another element (12) plus wide with respect to the width of the uniform section of the portion to be inserted in the cylinder (1), designed to allow manual sliding of the plunger (8) inside the cylinder (1). 23. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 22, wherein said hollow needle for external application with a truncated end is made of metal, plastic, glass, titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramics or combinations thereof, is suitable to be connected and disconnected with the syringe , optionally clean, and reused for a new application. 24. Kit according to claim 23, where the part (14) of the hollow needle to be inserted in the cylinder (1) is made of plastic, while the part (15) which comes into contact with the skin is in any type of material. 25. Kit according to claim 23, where the hollow needle is curved. 26. Kit according to claim 23, wherein the hollow needle carries in the distal part of the truncated end a selected element between a small brush and sponges, both being independently made of a material selected from bristles, fibers and combinations thereof. 27. Kit according to claim 23, wherein the hollow needle has a surface internal section comprised between 10 micron2 and 10 cm2, preferably between 100 micron2 and 3 cm2. 28. Kit according to claim 27, wherein the hollow needle has a variable internal section. 29. Kit according to one of claims 2 to 28, where the hollow needle is provided with a plug, advantageously made of soft vinyl or other material suitable for maintaining the hygiene of the hollow needle. 30. Kit according to one of the claims from 16 to 29, wherein said means suitable for the connection between the cylinder (1) of the syringe and the hollow needle for external application with a truncated end comprise a first thread (4) present on the cylinder (1) of the syringe and a second thread (13) complementary to the first, present on the hollow needle. 31. Kit according to one of claims 16 to 30, wherein said means suitable for the connection between the cylinder (1) of the syringe and the hollow needle for external application with a truncated end comprise a first interlocking element placed on the cylinder (1) and a second element, complementary to the first, present on the hollow needle itself. 7