CH667316A5 - Welding together two outer plastic tubes - by joining them with two part heated ring between until ends melt, removing ring, and pressing ends together - Google Patents

Welding together two outer plastic tubes - by joining them with two part heated ring between until ends melt, removing ring, and pressing ends together Download PDF

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Publication number
CH667316A5
CH667316A5 CH3677/85A CH367785A CH667316A5 CH 667316 A5 CH667316 A5 CH 667316A5 CH 3677/85 A CH3677/85 A CH 3677/85A CH 367785 A CH367785 A CH 367785A CH 667316 A5 CH667316 A5 CH 667316A5
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
outer tubes
ring
tubes
heating
parts
Prior art date
Application number
CH3677/85A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Werner Reis
Albert Thalmann
Original Assignee
Reis & Thalmann Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Reis & Thalmann Ag filed Critical Reis & Thalmann Ag
Priority to CH3677/85A priority Critical patent/CH667316A5/en
Publication of CH667316A5 publication Critical patent/CH667316A5/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
    • B29C65/2084Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by pivoting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2023Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror said welding mirror comprising several sectors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
    • B29C65/2061Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding
    • B29C65/2069Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding with an angle with respect to the plane comprising the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/2076Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding with an angle with respect to the plane comprising the parts to be joined perpendicularly to the plane comprising the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

Abstract

Two double-tubes, each with one inside the other, are joined together at their outer tubes where these are amde of thermoplastics and polyethylene, polypropylene or their modifications in partic. The ends of the outer tubes are heated to their melting pt. by means of separate annular ehating elements, and the tubes are then withdrawn from each other enough to allow the elements to be removed, and are pressed together to be joined by a butt weld. USE/ADVANTAGE - The method permeanently joins the outers of two double tubes.

Description

       

  
 



   BESCHREIBUNG



   Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, sowie auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 3.



   Für die Verbindung von Rohrleitungen und Formstücken sind bereit mehrere Verbindungs-Möglichkeiten bekannt, wobei man zwischen lösbaren und nichtlösbaren Rohrverbindungen unterscheidet.



   Bei den hier interessierenden, nichtlösbaren Rohrverbindungen besteht ein Problem darin, dass gewisse für den Rohrleitungsbau besonders geeignete Kunststoffe, wie Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen sich nicht verkleben, sondern nur verschweissen lassen. Aus diesem Grund hat die Verwendung von Elektro-Schweissmuffen eine gewisse Verbreitung gefunden.



  Dabei wird über die beiden Enden der zu verbindenden Rohre eine Muffe aus artverwandtem Kunststoff mit eingelegten Heizdrähten geschoben, die bei Stromzufuhr ein Schmelzen des Materials und dadurch eine Verbindung der beiden Rohrenden mit der Muffe ergeben. Bei langen Rohrleitungen bzw. einer grossen Zahl erforderlicher Muffen können diese preislich ins Gewicht fallen. Ferner sind Rohrverbindungen durch Extrusionsschweissen bekannt. Dabei werden die Fügeflächen durch aus einer Düse ausgeblasenes Warmgas erwärmt. Ein aus einem Extruder austretender, warmer Kunststoff-Strang wird sodann durch Andrückwerkzeuge in die Schweissfuge eingewalzt. Für nichtdrehbare und im Feld zu verbindende Rohre ist diese Verbindungsart schwierig auszuführen.



   Ferner ist das Stumpfschweissen von Rohren unter Verwendung eines tellerartigen Heizelementes - auch unter der Bezeichnung    Spiegelschweissung  - bekannt.    Dabei werden die Fügeflächen der zu verbindenden Rohre durch ein tellerartiges Heizelement auf Schweisstemperatur erwärmt, das Heizelement sodann entfernt und die beiden erwärmten Rohrenden an der Fügefläche zusammengedrückt, so dass eine Stumpfschweissung entsteht.



   Wenn zwei ineinanderliegende Rohre unterschiedlicher Durchmesser zu verbinden sind, kann dieses übliche Stumpfschweissverfahren für das Aussenrohr nicht angewendet werden, da nach der Erwärmung des Fügestosses das Heizelement nicht mehr ausgefahren werden kann.



   Dem Entfernen des Heizelementes nach der Erwärmung der stirnseitigen Fügeflächen der Aussenrohre steht nicht nur das Innenrohr im Wege, sondern auch die in Axialrichtung verlaufenden Führungsstangen der Vorrichtung zum Zusammenziehen der beiden Aussenrohrteile entgegen.



   Solche Führungsstangen sind indessen erforderlich, um die zu verbindenden Rohrenden genau parallel und unter Umständen mit erheblicher Kraft gegeneinander zu ziehen, wobei zu berücksichtigen ist, dass die Rohrteilstücke relativ lang und damit schwer beweglich sein können und nicht genau fluchten, so dass an die Vorrichtung zur präzisen Längsbewegung der Rohre erhebliche Anforderungen gestellt werden, um eine einwandfreie Stumpfschweissung an der Fügestelle erzeugen zu können.



   Die durch die Erfindung zu lösende Aufgabe besteht darin, bei ineinanderliegenden Rohrleitungen das Aussenrohr durch eine nichlösbare Stumpfschweissung verbinden zu können.



   Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Kennzeichen der Ansprüche 1 und 3 genannten Merkmale gelöst.



   Dadurch gelingt es, mit im Feld einsetzbaren Mitteln die Aussenrohre von ineinanderliegenden Rohren durch eine einwandfreie Stumpfschweissnaht miteinander zu verbinden. Derartige fachgerecht ausgeführte Stumpfschweissverbindungen ergeben unter allen bisher bekannten Rohr-Verbindungsarten die besten Verbindungen, die auch druckfest oder vakuumsicher sind und die üblichen an solche Rohrverbindungen gestellten Garantiebedingungen sicher erfüllen können.



   Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren als Beispiel näher erläutert und die in der Zeichnung als Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellte Vorrichtung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung, wobei die beiden Rohrenden gegen das Heizelement anliegen
Fig. 2 einen zu Fig. 1 analogen Schnitt, wobei die Rohrenden zum Ausfahren der beiden Heizelement-Ringteile voneinander distanziert sind
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch die Vorrichtung, mit ausserhalb der Fügezone angeordnetem Heizelement.



   Im Innern von zwei miteinander zu verbindenden Aussenrohren 1 befindet sich ein durchgehender Rohrstrang 2, der einen wesentlich kleineren Durchmesser als die Aussenrohre 1 hat. Innenrohr 2 und Aussenrohr 1 liegen somit ineinander.



  Der Rohrstrang 2 kann aus Material wie beispielsweise Kunststoff, Metall oder anderem Material bestehen. Die Aussenrohre 1 bestehen aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Hartpolyäthylen oder Hartpolypropylen. Diese Materialien sind nicht durch Kleben sondern nur durch Schweissen miteinander dauerhaft und dicht verbindbar. Zum Erwärmen der stirnseitigen Rohrenden auf Schweisstemperatur ist ein ringförmiges Heizelement 3 vorhanden, das in zwei Hälften entlang einer vertikalen Trennlinie 18 trennbar ist. Dieses Heizelement 3 ist im Innern mit elektrischen Heizdrähten versehen, die aussen beidseitig mit einer Deckschicht aus nichtklebfähigem Teflon od. dgl. überzogen sind.



   Die beiden Aussenrohre 1 werden von Klemmbügeln 4, 5 bzw. 6, 7 festgeklemmt, die je zwei halbkreisförmige Klemmpaare enthalten. Hydraulikaggregate 10, 13 bewirken, dass das eine Klemmbügelpaar 4, 5 relativ zum andern Klemmbügelpaar 6, 7 horizontal bewegt werden kann, diese also gegeneinander gezogen bzw. voneinander entfernt werden können. Die Hy     draulikaggregate    enthalten beidseitig des Aussenrohres 1 je ein doppelwirkendes Zylinderkolbenaggregat mit einem Kolben 10 und einer mit diesem starr verbundenen Führungsstange 9 sowie einem Zylinder 13. Durch Zufuhr oder Abfuhr von Druckflüssigkeit in die Leitungen 11 oder 12 lässt sich der Kolben 10 im Innern des Zylinders 13 in der einen oder andern Richtung bewegen, wobei die Führungsstangen 9 ausgefahren oder eingezogen werden.

  Die beiden Zylinderkolbenaggregate 10, 13 sind an die gleiche hydraulische Druckquelle angeschlossen und bewegen sich synchron. Im Klemmbügel 4 sind die Führungsstangen 9 durch Gleitbuchsen 16 axial beweglich gehalten, andererseits sind diese Führungsstangen 9 an den Klemmbügeln 6 und 7 festgeklemmt.



   Wie aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, sind die Klemmbügel 4-7 aus halbkreisförmigen Gebilden geformt, die entlang einer in der Achsmitte des Aussenrohres 1 verlaufenden Horizontalebene unterteilt sind. Die beiden Bügelhälften werden je durch Schrauben 14 zusammengehalten. Zwischen dem Aussenrohr 1 und den Klemmbügeln 4-7 ist je eine Klemmringhälfte 28, 30 eingesetzt, welche beim Festziehen der Schrauben 14 am Umfang der Aussenrohre 1 anliegt und diese festklemmt.



   Die Führungsstangen 9 befinden sich in der Längsmitte der Aussenrohre 1 bzw. des Rohrstranges 2, so dass bei einer Bewegung des Zylinderkolbenaggregates ein gleichmässiger Zug bzw.



  Druck in Längsrichtung auf die Aussenrohre 1 ausgeübt werden kann. Das eine Klemmbügelpaar ist über Stützen 26 mit der Grundplatte 32 starr verbunden, während das andere Klemmbügelpaar bezüglich der Abstützungsorgane oder Grundplatte gleitbar ausgebildet ist.



   Die Hydraulikeinrichtung ist so ausgelegt, dass die beiden Aussenrohre 1 nach der Erwärmung durch die Heizelemente 3 voneinander so weit getrennt werden können, dass die beiden Heizelement-Halbringe 3 um eine zur Rohrlängsachse vertikale Achse um etwa   900    verdreht werden können, wodurch sie ausser Eingriff mit den Aussenrohren 1 gelangen und dadurch einzeln nach oben herausgezogen werden können. In Fig. 2 ist dieser Abstand der Stirnseiten der Aussenrohre 1 zum Entfernen der beiden Heizelement-Halbringe 3 mit A bezeichnet.



   Damit die aus den beiden Ringteilen bestehenden Heizelemente 3 in ihrem zwischen die Fügeflächen der beiden Aussenrohre 1 eingesetzten Zustand in die richtige Lage bezüglich der Aussenrohre 1 gelangen, sind sie mit radial abstehenden Auflagenasen 20 versehen. Die Stromzufuhr zu den beiden Heizelementringhälften 3 erfolgt durch Zuleitungsstecker 22, welche entfernt werden können und die mit Stromzufuhrkabeln 24 versehen sind. Als Ausführungsvariante könnte der Heizring 3 auch aus mehr als zwei Teilen bestehen.



   Das Verfahren zum Stumpfschweissen der beiden Aussenrohre geht zusammen mit der Vorrichtung folgendermassen vor sich:
Die beiden zu verbindenden Aussenrohre 1 werden in die Vorrichtung mit den Klemmbügeln 4-7 eingelegt und durch Festziehen der Schrauben 14 über die Klemmringe 28 festgeklemmt. Das Innenrohr 2 wird relativ zu den Aussenrohren 1 in geeigneter Weise zentriert, beispielsweise durch Abstandhalter oder ringförmiges, eingeschobenes Isoliermaterial. Es wird darauf geachtet, dass die Stirnseiten der beiden Aussenrohre 1 eine möglichst plane, zur Rohrlängsachse rechtwinklige Fügefläche haben. Hernach werden die beiden ringförmigen Heizelemente 3 in den Fügespalt eingesetzt, und mit der Hydraulikanlage werden die beiden Rohrenden gegen die   Heizringhälftent    3 leicht angedrückt, wie dies aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht.

  Durch die Temperatur des Heizelementes 3 schmelzen die Stirnflächen der beiden Aussenrohrenden, so dass sich an diesen eine leichte Wulst ergibt. Die Wärmeübertragung wird während einer bestimmten Zeit fortgesetzt, bis sich das Rohrmaterial genügend erwärmt hat. Hernach wird Druckflüssigkeit in die beiden Leitungen 12 eingelassen, wodurch die Kolben 10 und mit diesen die Führungsstangen 9 ausgestossen werden, was bewirkt, dass sich die beiden Aussenrohrenden voneinander trennen und zwischen diesen ein Abstand A entsteht. Dadurch ist es möglich, die beiden   Heizringhälften    zu verschwenken, wie dies in unterbrochenen Linien angedeutet ist, so dass sie an den Rohrwandungen nicht anstehen, und hernach in Vertikalrichtung aus der Vorrichtung herauszuziehen.

   Sofort anschliessend wird Druckflüssigkeit durch die Hydraulikleitungen 11 zugeführt, wodurch die beiden Aussenrohrenden in entgegengesetzter Richtung bewegt werden und sich wieder nähern und am Fügestoss zusammenkommen. Hierauf wird der axiale Druck auf die Aussenrohre 1 fortgesetzt, so dass sich am Fügestoss eine Stumpfschweissverbindung mit einer Schweissraupe durch verdrängtes Material bildet. Der Fügedruck wird so lange aufrechterhalten, bis die Schweissstelle erkaltet ist. Hernach können die oberen Teile der Klemmbügel 4-7 durch Lösen der Schrauben 14 entfernt und die Vorrichtung zu einer nächsten Schweissstelle transportiert werden. 



  
 



   DESCRIPTION



   The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of patent claim 3.



   Several connection options are already known for the connection of pipes and fittings, a distinction being made between detachable and non-detachable pipe connections.



   A problem with the non-detachable pipe connections that are of interest here is that certain plastics, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, which are particularly suitable for the construction of pipelines, cannot be glued but can only be welded. For this reason, the use of electric welding sleeves has found a certain spread.



  In this case, a sleeve made of related plastic with inserted heating wires is pushed over the two ends of the pipes to be connected, which result in a melting of the material when the power is supplied and thereby a connection of the two pipe ends to the sleeve. In the case of long pipelines or a large number of required sleeves, these can be expensive. Furthermore, pipe connections by extrusion welding are known. The joining surfaces are heated by hot gas blown out of a nozzle. A warm plastic strand emerging from an extruder is then rolled into the weld joint by pressing tools. This type of connection is difficult to carry out for non-rotatable pipes that are to be connected in the field.



   Butt welding of pipes using a plate-like heating element - also known as mirror welding - is also known. The joining surfaces of the pipes to be connected are heated to welding temperature by a plate-like heating element, the heating element is then removed and the two heated pipe ends are pressed together on the joining surface, so that butt welding occurs.



   If two pipes of different diameters are to be connected to one another, this conventional butt welding process cannot be used for the outer pipe, since the heating element can no longer be extended after the joint has been heated.



   The removal of the heating element after the end faces of the outer tubes have been heated is opposed not only by the inner tube, but also by the guide rods running in the axial direction of the device for pulling the two outer tube parts together.



   Such guide rods are required, however, to pull the pipe ends to be connected exactly parallel and under certain circumstances with considerable force, taking into account that the pipe sections can be relatively long and therefore difficult to move and not exactly aligned, so that the device for Precise longitudinal movement of the pipes are made considerable demands in order to be able to produce a flawless butt welding at the joint.



   The object to be achieved by the invention is to be able to connect the outer pipe by non-detachable butt welding in the case of pipes lying one inside the other.



   This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claims 1 and 3.



   This makes it possible to connect the outer tubes of tubes lying one inside the other with a flawless butt weld using means that can be used in the field. Such professionally executed butt-welded connections result in the best connections among all previously known pipe connection types, which are also pressure-resistant or vacuum-proof and can reliably fulfill the usual guarantee conditions imposed on such pipe connections.



   The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below as an example and the device illustrated as an exemplary embodiment in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the device, the two pipe ends abutting against the heating element
Fig. 2 is a section similar to Fig. 1, wherein the tube ends for extending the two heating element ring parts are spaced apart
Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the device, with the heating element arranged outside the joining zone.



   In the interior of two outer pipes 1 to be connected to one another there is a continuous pipe string 2 which has a substantially smaller diameter than the outer pipes 1. Inner tube 2 and outer tube 1 are thus one inside the other.



  The pipe string 2 can consist of material such as plastic, metal or other material. The outer tubes 1 consist of a thermoplastic material, preferably of hard polyethylene or hard polypropylene. These materials cannot be permanently and tightly connected to one another by gluing but only by welding. An annular heating element 3, which can be separated in two halves along a vertical dividing line 18, is provided for heating the end pipe ends to the welding temperature. This heating element 3 is provided on the inside with electrical heating wires, which are covered on both sides with a covering layer of non-adhesive Teflon or the like.



   The two outer tubes 1 are clamped by clamps 4, 5 and 6, 7, which each contain two semicircular pairs of clamps. Hydraulic units 10, 13 have the effect that one pair of clamping brackets 4, 5 can be moved horizontally relative to the other pair of clamping brackets 6, 7, ie they can be pulled against one another or removed from one another. The hy draulic units contain on both sides of the outer tube 1 a double-acting cylinder-piston unit with a piston 10 and a rigidly connected to this guide rod 9 and a cylinder 13. By supplying or removing hydraulic fluid into the lines 11 or 12, the piston 10 can be inside the cylinder 13 move in one or the other direction, the guide rods 9 being extended or retracted.

  The two cylinder piston units 10, 13 are connected to the same hydraulic pressure source and move synchronously. In the clamp 4, the guide rods 9 are held axially movable by sliding bushes 16, on the other hand, these guide rods 9 are clamped to the clamps 6 and 7.



   As can be seen from FIG. 3, the clamping brackets 4-7 are formed from semicircular structures which are subdivided along a horizontal plane running in the middle of the axis of the outer tube 1. The two bracket halves are held together by screws 14. Between the outer tube 1 and the clamping brackets 4-7, a clamping ring half 28, 30 is inserted, which rests on the circumference of the outer tubes 1 when the screws 14 are tightened and clamps them.



   The guide rods 9 are located in the longitudinal center of the outer tubes 1 or of the tube string 2, so that when the cylinder-piston unit moves, a uniform pull or



  Longitudinal pressure can be exerted on the outer tubes 1. One pair of clamps is rigidly connected to the base plate 32 via supports 26, while the other pair of clamps is designed to be slidable with respect to the support members or base plate.



   The hydraulic device is designed so that the two outer tubes 1 can be separated from one another after heating by the heating elements 3 to such an extent that the two heating element half rings 3 can be rotated about an axis vertical to the tube longitudinal axis by approximately 900, as a result of which they disengage from reach the outer tubes 1 and can be individually pulled out upwards. In Fig. 2, this distance between the end faces of the outer tubes 1 for removing the two heating element half rings 3 is denoted by A.



   So that the heating elements 3 consisting of the two ring parts come into the correct position with respect to the outer tubes 1 in their state inserted between the joining surfaces of the two outer tubes 1, they are provided with radially projecting lugs 20. The power supply to the two heating element ring halves 3 takes place through supply plugs 22, which can be removed and which are provided with power supply cables 24. As a variant, the heating ring 3 could also consist of more than two parts.



   The process for butt welding the two outer tubes together with the device proceeds as follows:
The two outer tubes 1 to be connected are inserted into the device with the clamping brackets 4-7 and clamped by tightening the screws 14 via the clamping rings 28. The inner tube 2 is centered in a suitable manner relative to the outer tubes 1, for example by means of spacers or annular, inserted insulating material. Care is taken to ensure that the end faces of the two outer tubes 1 have as flat as possible a joining surface that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube. The two ring-shaped heating elements 3 are then inserted into the joint gap, and the two pipe ends are pressed slightly against the heating ring half 3 with the hydraulic system, as can be seen from FIG. 1.

  Due to the temperature of the heating element 3, the end faces of the two outer tube ends melt, so that there is a slight bulge on them. The heat transfer continues for a certain time until the pipe material has heated up sufficiently. Subsequently, pressure fluid is let into the two lines 12, whereby the pistons 10 and with them the guide rods 9 are ejected, which causes the two outer tube ends to separate from one another and a distance A is formed between them. This makes it possible to pivot the two halves of the heating ring, as indicated in broken lines, so that they do not line up with the tube walls, and then to pull them out of the device in the vertical direction.

   Immediately afterwards, hydraulic fluid is supplied through the hydraulic lines 11, as a result of which the two outer tube ends are moved in the opposite direction and approach again and come together at the joint. The axial pressure on the outer tubes 1 is then continued, so that a butt weld connection with a welding bead is formed on the joint by a displaced material. The joining pressure is maintained until the welding point has cooled down. The upper parts of the clamping brackets 4-7 can then be removed by loosening the screws 14 and the device can be transported to a next welding point.


    

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Verfahren zum stirnseitigen Verbinden zweier Aussenrohre von ineinanderliegenden Doppelrohren, wobei die Aussenrohre aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, insbesondere Hart Polyäthylen, Hart-Polypropylen oder deren Modifikationen bestehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aussenrohre (1) durch voneinander getrennte Ring-Heizelemente (3) am Fügestoss auf Schmelztemperatur erwärmt werden, hernach die beiden Aussenrohre soweit auseinandergezogen werden, dass die Ring Heizelemente (3) entfernt werden können und hernach die beiden Aussenrohre (1) zur Bildung einer Stumpfschweissverbindung gegeneinander gepresst werden.  PATENT CLAIMS 1. A method for connecting two outer tubes of inter-lying double tubes at the end, the outer tubes made of thermoplastic, in particular hard polyethylene, hard polypropylene or their modifications, characterized in that the outer tubes (1) are separated from one another by ring heating elements (3) The butt joint is heated to the melting temperature, then the two outer tubes are pulled apart so far that the ring heating elements (3) can be removed and afterwards the two outer tubes (1) are pressed against each other to form a butt weld connection. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Aussenrohre (1) nach Erwärmung ihrer Fügeflächen soweit auseinandergezogen werden, dass die Ring-Heizelemente (3) einzeln um je eine zur Rohrlängsachse quer verlaufende Achse - vorzugsweise um etwa 90"C - verschwenkt und hernach entfernt werden können.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two outer tubes (1) are pulled apart after heating their joining surfaces to such an extent that the ring heating elements (3) individually around an axis running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tube - preferably about 90 "C - can be pivoted and then removed. 3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, mit Klemmorganen (67) für die beiden zu verbindenden Aussenrohre (1), mit parallelen Führungsstangen (9) zur geradlinigen Bewegung der beiden Rohrteile und mindestens einem hydraulischen Zylinder-Kolbenaggregat (5, 13) zur Erzeugung der achsparallelen Bewegung der Rohrteile, und mit einem Heizelement (3), das zwischen die Fügeflächen der Rohrteile einsetzbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Heizelement (3) aus mindestens zwei voneinander etwa radial trennbaren Ringteilen besteht, das Zylinder-Kolbenaggregat (5, 13) und die Führungsstangen (9) derart ausgebildet sind, dass sie ein so weites Auseinanderziehen (A) der beiden Rohrteile (1) erlauben,  3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, with clamping members (67) for the two outer tubes to be connected (1), with parallel guide rods (9) for the linear movement of the two tube parts and at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit (5, 13) for generating the axially parallel movement of the tube parts, and with a heating element (3) which can be inserted between the joining surfaces of the tube parts, characterized in that the heating element (3) consists of at least two ring parts which can be separated radially from one another, the cylinder-piston unit (5, 13) and the guide rods (9) are designed in such a way that they allow the two pipe parts (1) to be pulled apart so far (A), dass die Heizelement-Ringteile (3) nach der Erwärmung der Fü geflächen je um eine quer zur Rohrlängsachse verlaufende Achse verschwenkbar sind und entfernt werden können.  that the heating element ring parts (3) after the heating of the joining surfaces can each be pivoted about an axis running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe and can be removed.
CH3677/85A 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Welding together two outer plastic tubes - by joining them with two part heated ring between until ends melt, removing ring, and pressing ends together CH667316A5 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3677/85A CH667316A5 (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Welding together two outer plastic tubes - by joining them with two part heated ring between until ends melt, removing ring, and pressing ends together

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3677/85A CH667316A5 (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Welding together two outer plastic tubes - by joining them with two part heated ring between until ends melt, removing ring, and pressing ends together

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990011885A1 (en) * 1989-04-10 1990-10-18 Armin Dommer Heating device for a welding jig
WO1997014548A1 (en) * 1995-10-16 1997-04-24 Bernhard Ulrich Process and device for heat mirror-welding plastic pipe sections

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990011885A1 (en) * 1989-04-10 1990-10-18 Armin Dommer Heating device for a welding jig
US5124533A (en) * 1989-04-10 1992-06-23 Armin Dommer Pivotable clamping electrical heating device for a thermoplastic pipe welding jig
WO1997014548A1 (en) * 1995-10-16 1997-04-24 Bernhard Ulrich Process and device for heat mirror-welding plastic pipe sections

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