CH629340A5 - Storage element for electrical energy - Google Patents

Description

However, the invention can also be used for other plate types and also for other cell types. So you can z. B. arrange grids in vertical planes, with the main conductors running horizontally.

Waved partition plates of known design, the waves of which lie in a vertical plane, cause a similar hydrodynamic turbulence as described above.

The vertically arranged busbars 5 can be extended upwards so that they form the pole terminals of the elements. These busbars can also serve as heat exchangers. The vertical busbars 5 can taper in the downward direction, so that a uniform current density in the various cross sections is ensured at all connection points over the height of the cell.

In the same way, the horizontally arranged conductors or mandrels 3, which lie in the central longitudinal axis of the tubes 2, can have an increasing cross-section in the direction opposite the current tapping points x, y.

It is advantageous to provide on the busbars 5 laterally at one or more points inwardly projecting lugs 7, on which rest non-conductive supports 8, on which the plates are suspended. In this way, the entire weight of the assembly no longer rests on the lower tube 2 alone, which prevents deformation of these parts or bulging of the plate containing tube 2. The carriers 8 are attached at appropriate intervals. In empty tubes 2 they replace the mandrel 3 and also the active material.

The production of tubes 2, as is the case in FIG. 1

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construction shown is known.

5 and 6 illustrate a new further embodiment of tubes.

Textile fabrics 10, which are usually used for the production of such tubes “a”, are reinforced by special threads or thread-like structures 11 made of an electrically non-conductive, acid-resistant and solid material. The threads 11 can be connected to the Tektilgewe ben 10 in various ways, for. B. by stapling or quilting or by gluing. The threads 11 can also be welded to the textile fabrics 10 using heat or using an adhesive. be glued together.

The stitching of the reinforced textile fabrics 10, the formation of the pockets 12 for receiving the tubes 2 and the final treatment are carried out in a known manner.

In the finished plates, the reinforcing threads 14 lie essentially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axes of the tubes 2; d. H. they run horizontally in a conventional “tube plate” (FIG. 1) and perpendicularly or vertically in a tube plate according to the invention (FIG. 2).

Figures 7 and 7a illustrate a new embodiment of a partition plate with ribs, which can also be used in connection with the invention.

The vertical ribs 20 of the separating plates 21 have recesses 22 which are relatively flat and the spacing of which is the tube 2 (or its central longitudinal axes) or the armoring pockets 12. In the assembled cell, the pockets 12 fit into the recesses 22 over the entire plate surface. In addition to their usual function, the separating plate 21 also takes on the task of counteracting a warping of the tubes 2.

Battery cells can be described as "narrow" if they have a large ratio between height and width.

“Large current draw” means operating states in which the discharge time of the storage element, eg. B. 20 m or shorter.

15 The invention relates in particular to the accumulator cells of the lead-sulfuric acid type (lead accumulators), but also to other types.

The invention provides for a considerable improvement in the discharge of storage elements with large current strengths, which can be seen from the comparative description of the battery cell of a lead accumulator of “narrow”, that is to say high, type of a known embodiment with such a cell according to the invention.

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3 sheets of drawings

Claims (5)

629340 2 PATENT CLAIMS 13. Memory element according to claim 12, characterized 1. Storage element for electrical energy with positive by a partition plate (21), the ribs (20), which in the and negative plates, characterized in that the plat-installation position extend in the vertical direction and recesses (1) so are assembled in such a way that they have genes (22) in vertical planes in order to accommodate the horizontally reinforced tube stands and 5 parts (2) connected to the active material. Include conductors (3) which are arranged horizontally, and that 14. Storage element according to claim 1, characterized thereby- vertical busbars (5), which are made of metal, draws as that the busbars (5) are made of plucking or aluminum inner conductor, which are made of the upper end nium. of the storage element downwards along the vertical edges of the plates (1) at a distance from these edges, "> and that every vertical, positive and negative busbar ^ (5) has cross connections (6) at different heights, so that each plate (1) with its associated busbar (5) at certain points (x, y), which are distributed over the height of the plate (1) The present invention relates to a storage element for which is in contact with these cross connections (6), 5 electrical energy with positive and negative plates, that is to say which cross connections (6) spread across the width of a plat- eg a battery. ten group horizontally such that the structure of such memory elements is known; The other plates (1) of the same polarity at the specific points consist of a number of positive and negative plates, each of which (x, y) is electrically connected at the same height. are housed in a cell vessel. The plates can 2. Storage element according to claim 1, characterized in an arrangement or combination of tubes that each plate (1) consists of a number of horizontally lying empty elements or of grids which the active material (3) has , and that each plate (1) in a group is taken up or held in a directional manner. The grids of the grid plates have points (x, y) lying one above the other with a common “main conductor” which is connected from the upper to the lower end of the grid (5) and which is essentially perpendicular in the plate or plates, ie perpendicular , run. Cross rails lie near the ends of the horizontal lines lying on a straight line at right angles to these main conductors between them, the conductor of this group of plates. The vertical conductors generally have a large 3. Storage element according to claim 2, characterized in cross section as the cross bars by which it is connected that each vertical bus bar (5) is a number in cross. The result of this is that the major part of the current has cross-connections (6) extending in the direction of these main conductors. the ends of which match the locations (x, y) for drawing current from the 30 The invention aims to create an electrical plate (1). Storage element, which is independent of its chemical 4. Storage element according to claim 3, characterized gekennzeich- system, and provided that the storage element has a large net that each plate has tube parts (2). Height, e.g. 100 cm and more and if the bad or 5. Storage element according to claim 4, characterized gekennzeich- low conductivity of the base material (eg lead) (ungü-net that the tube parts (2) between two vertical 35 stige) role, allows this storage element discharge rails (4, 4a) are held, one of these rails (4) being used to remove currents of great strength. has flags (I) extending to the side. In this sense, the invention is distinguished 6. Storage element according to claim 5, characterized in that the plates are so-combined that the plates (1) are of the same polarity due to the transverse structure, that they are in vertical planes and with the bonds (6) in addition to the connection comprising conductors connected by the solder-active material, given the right busbars (5), are connected. are arranged horizontally, and that vertical busbars 7. Storage element according to claim 6, characterized in that it is made of metal, as internal current conductors, that the vertical seeds also serving to dissipate heat are visible, which melted from the upper end of the storage element (5) with theirs The uppermost sections form the electrical downward along the vertical edges of the plates in one see clamps of the memory element. 45 distance from these edges and that each perpendicular, 8. Storage element according to claim 7, characterized in positive and negative busbars at different heights, that the vertical busbars (5) have a cross-connection, so that each plate with its cross-section tapering below. associated busbar at certain points that over 9. A storage element according to claim 4, characterized in that the height of the plate is distributed with these cross connections, such that the conductors formed as wires or spikes (3) are in contact with each other, which cross connections are the width of the tube parts (2). extend towards the current tapping point (x, y) towards a plate group in the horizontal in such a way that they have an increasing cross section. that several plates of the same polarity at the certain 10. Storage element according to claim 2, of the type with locations are each electrically connected at the same height. Paste-coated grid plates, characterized in one embodiment, the storage element can be designed so that the conductive cross connections (6), in particular grid 55, that it has two groups of plates that have appeared, an increasing cross-section in the direction of opposite polarity, which changes in vertical (or given-the current tapping points (x, y) towards. If vertical) planes extend, the arrangement 11. Storage element according to one of claims 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that each plate has a number characterized in that the vertical busbars have conductors extending in the horizontal direction (5) have inward-facing lugs (7) those supports 60 and that each plate of a group rests at a number of locations (8) made of electrically non-conductive material, which are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction, that is to say hang the plate arrangement. lying one above the other, connected to a busbar, 12. Memory element according to claim 4, characterized in that it extends substantially perpendicular. Preferably, by means of the tubular parts (2) with tubular pockets (14), which consist of the vertically standing busbar, a number of textiles (10) stitched in the transverse direction in the transverse direction, by means of parts which extend with the busbar and engage them attached, electrically non-conductive threads (11), form pieces and their end parts promise the connection points that run perpendicular to the axes of the pockets (14). are strengthened. The invention is then based on a drawing 3rd 629340 explained using an example. They show schematically: 1 is a side view of a tube plate of a known type, La shows a section along line B-B of Fig. 1, 2 shows the side view of a positive plate constructed from tubular parts, in the representation of FIG. 1, in order to clarify the differences from the prior art, 3 is a perspective view of a storage element with a number of plates, with parts broken away, 3a shows a section along line A-A of Fig. 3, Fig. 4 shows a side view of a plate arrangement which is accommodated in the storage element according to FIG. 3, Fig. 5,6,7 and 7a a preferred embodiment of parts of a memory element. As can be seen and known in FIG. 1, a number of tubes a are firmly assembled in a vertical arrangement between horizontal rails b, b '- in a parallel position to one another. The rail b 'has a shoulder or a flag 1. A mandrel or round wire c lies in the central longitudinal axis of each tube a. The efficiency of the current or energy output of such high lead accumulator cells is considerably reduced if the discharge is rapid, that is, for. B. in 20 min or in a shorter time. The electrical resistance of the plates plays an important role in reducing the efficiency of the battery, caused by the (resistance) losses in the vertical conductors of the grid plates or in the wires c of the tubes a. These losses increase with the square of the current (I2-R losses); as a result, heat is generated and the electrochemical utilization of the active material is not uniform. This behavior can be changed in the sense of the invention, by a considerable reduction in the electrical resistance of the plates or in the parts that divert the current from the storage elements. The plate or conductor structure according to the invention can be applied to almost all types of plates, e.g. B. on pipes built up or flat plates that are coated with paste, or on cast, punched or drawn grids; in particular, the invention is applicable to panels of great height and relatively narrow width. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the plates, which are designated as a whole by 1, are perpendicular. In the illustrated embodiment, the plates have 1 tube, each of which is provided with a mandrel or round conductor or round wire 3. In contrast to the known cells (FIG. 1), in which the tubes are arranged vertically in the plates, the individual tubes 2 in the embodiment according to the invention extend horizontally. All tubes 2 are held between rails 4 and 4a. The positive current guide rail 4 has a number of flags I. In the same way, the negative current guide rail has such flags I. Along the plate arrangement, flat busbars 5 extend on both sides of the shaft-like assembly, which are either formed in one piece with the crossbars 6 projecting on both sides or electrically with them are connected. The busbars 5 serve as the main current conductor. They are connected to the flag I via the transverse rails 6 in such a way that a connection is made to each plate at certain heights. As can be seen from the drawing, the current is distributed over the active material by means of a relatively short, horizontally lying conductor or mandrels 3 with an appropriate cross section. All mandrels 3 have the same length and consequently the same electrical resistance. Surprisingly, it has been found that with a high discharge current strength, the efficiency of the tubes 2 containing plates, which are arranged horizontally and vertically one above the other, is increased by the hydrodynamic turbulence which is generated during the discharge. Completely assembled plate group units of any desired, practically producible height, as described above, can be used in a simple manner to produce cells of greater conductivity and greater capacity than hitherto, with a relatively small storage space being required. Each plate can be assembled from different plate sections, as is expedient due to technological conditions or practical considerations. The electrical advantages of these storage elements are as follows: For a given plate size with a height L and a width d, the electrical resistance in the known arrangement or design (see FIG. 1) is L / d. In contrast, in the arrangement or design according to the invention (cf. FIG. 2), this relationship is d / L. It follows that the resistance of a plate or plate arrangement according to the invention (FIG. 2), which has an appropriate number of flags I, (L / d) is 2 times smaller than that of the plate shown in FIG. 1 with the same outer ones Dimensions. In the case where e.g. B. L = 100 cm and d = 20 cm, the resistance of the plate according to the invention will be V25 of the resistance of the known comparison plate. It can be seen from this that - compared to an otherwise similar cell of conventional design - a high or narrow lead-acid battery cell, which is discharged to a predetermined voltage value, has a higher average voltage and therefore supplies considerably more electrical energy. Furthermore, less heat is generated in this element. The arrangement illustrated in FIG. 3 has lead plate groups with positive plates that are provided with tubes and flat or flat negative plates that are coated with paste.