CH617799A5 - Circuit for turning off a DC regulator - Google Patents

Circuit for turning off a DC regulator Download PDF

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Publication number
CH617799A5
CH617799A5 CH1370877A CH1370877A CH617799A5 CH 617799 A5 CH617799 A5 CH 617799A5 CH 1370877 A CH1370877 A CH 1370877A CH 1370877 A CH1370877 A CH 1370877A CH 617799 A5 CH617799 A5 CH 617799A5
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
thyristor
circuit
diode
voltage
regulator
Prior art date
Application number
CH1370877A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernard Hennevin
Original Assignee
Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
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Publication date
Application filed by Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie filed Critical Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
Publication of CH617799A5 publication Critical patent/CH617799A5/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/125Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M3/135Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Thyristor Switches And Gates (AREA)

Abstract

The effect of the circuit is a more rapid return to the blocked state of the main thyristor (Th1), the latter being used as a DC regulator, whose time for recovery of the blocking capability does not need to be very short. This is achieved with an increase in the amplitude and the duration of the inverse bias of the voltage (V2 + V3 + V4) of this thyristor. To turn off the main thyristor, a turn-off thyristor (Th2) is rendered conducting. This thyristor (Th2) is mounted in parallel with an inductor (L1) and a capacitor (C1), the capacitance of which can be relatively small. This circuit forms with a diode (D2) in series a circuit in parallel with the main thyristor. In another circuit in parallel with this main thyristor is mounted a resistor (R1) in series with a diode (D1). <IMAGE>

Description

617 799 617,799

2 2

REVENDICATION Circuit d'extinction d'un régleur de courant continu du type comportant un thyristor principal (Th,) monté en parallèle avec d'une part une première diode (D() et d'autre part un thyristor d'extinction (Th2), ce dernier étant monté en série avec une deuxième diode (D2) et en parallèle avec un condensateur (Q) en série avec une inductance (Lj), caractérisé en ce qu'une résistance (R,) est prévue en série avec ladite première diode (D,)- CLAIMS Extinguishing circuit of a direct current regulator of the type comprising a main thyristor (Th,) mounted in parallel with on the one hand a first diode (D () and on the other hand an extinction thyristor (Th2) , the latter being connected in series with a second diode (D2) and in parallel with a capacitor (Q) in series with an inductor (Lj), characterized in that a resistor (R,) is provided in series with said first diode (D,) -

L'invention concerne un circuit d'extinction pour régleur de courant continu. The invention relates to an extinguishing circuit for a direct current regulator.

Les régleurs de courant continu utilisent en général un thyristor principal, et pour assurer l'extinction de ce thyristor, un circuit du type représenté figure 1, dont le fonctionnement est décrit en détail ci-dessous. En pratique, ce circuit présente une inductance répartie dont l'effet néfaste est de raccourcir de moitié environ le temps de polarisation inverse du thyristor principal. Pour éviter cet inconvénient, on est amené à proposer l'utilisation d'un thyristor dit «rapide» qui est rare et onéreux, ou bien à surdimensionner la capacité du circuit d'extinction pour augmenter la période de l'oscillation d'extinction. Cette dernière solution, outre le volume important de la capacité, présente un grave inconvénient relatif à l'augmentation des pertes de commutation. DC regulators generally use a main thyristor, and to ensure the extinction of this thyristor, a circuit of the type shown in Figure 1, the operation of which is described in detail below. In practice, this circuit has a distributed inductance, the harmful effect of which is to shorten the reverse bias time of the main thyristor by about half. To avoid this drawback, we are led to propose the use of a so-called “fast” thyristor which is rare and expensive, or else to oversize the capacity of the extinction circuit to increase the period of the extinction oscillation. The latter solution, in addition to the large volume of capacity, has a serious drawback relating to the increase in switching losses.

Pour éviter ces divers inconvénients, l'invention a pour but la réalisation d'un circuit d'extinction pour régleur de courant continu permettant un retour plus rapide à l'état bloqué du thyristor principal, dont le temps de récupération du pouvoir de blocage n'a donc pas besoin d'être très court. To avoid these various drawbacks, the object of the invention is to produce an extinguishing circuit for a direct current regulator allowing a faster return to the blocked state of the main thyristor, including the recovery time of the blocking power n therefore doesn't have to be very short.

Un autre but de l'invention est d'améliorer des performances d'un circuit d'extinction du thyristor principal d'un régleur de courant continu par augmentation de l'amplitude et de la durée de la polarisation inverse de ce thyristor. Another object of the invention is to improve the performance of an extinction circuit of the main thyristor of a direct current regulator by increasing the amplitude and the duration of the reverse bias of this thyristor.

Ces buts sont atteints par un circuit conforme à la revendication. These objects are achieved by a circuit according to the claim.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit faite avec référence au dessin annexé sur lequel on peut voir: The characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawing in which one can see:

Figure 1, un schéma théorique d'un régleur de courant continu de type connu. Figure 1, a theoretical diagram of a known type DC regulator.

Figure 2, un diagramme d'intensités et de tension dans différents brins du circuit de la figure 1, Figure 2, a current and voltage diagram in different strands of the circuit of Figure 1,

Figure 3, un schéma équivalent du régleur de la Figure 1, montrant l'inductance parasite, FIG. 3, an equivalent diagram of the regulator of FIG. 1, showing the parasitic inductance,

Figure 4, un diagramme des tensions et intensité réellement observées compte tenu de l'inductance parasite, Figure 4, a diagram of the voltages and current actually observed taking into account the parasitic inductance,

Figure 5, un schéma d'un régleur comportant le perfectionnement objet de l'invention, FIG. 5, a diagram of an adjuster comprising the improvement which is the subject of the invention,

Figure 6, un diagramme des tensions et intensité observées dans le régleur comportant le perfectionnement objet de l'invention. Figure 6, a diagram of the voltages and current observed in the adjuster comprising the improvement object of the invention.

La description et le fonctionnement d'un circuit régleur de courant continu de type connu sont détaillés ci-dessous avec référence aux Figures 1 et 2. The description and operation of a known type direct current regulator circuit are detailed below with reference to Figures 1 and 2.

Le condensateur Q est préalablement chargé à la tension U à travers le circuit constitué par le condensateur Cb l'inductance L,, la diode D2, l'inductance L3 et le circuit utilisateur CU. Puis on rend conducteur le thyristor Thj à l'instant t,. Le régleur est alors en état de conduction. Lorsqu'on veut faire cesser cet état de conduction, on rend conducteur le thyristor Th2 à l'instant t2. Un courant Ii apparaît alors dans le circuit oscillant constitué par l'inductance Lt, le condensateur Q et le thyristor Th2 et a pour effet d'inverser la polarité de la charge du condensateur Cj. A la fin de la première demi-période de l'oscillation du courant Ib soit à l'instant t3, celui-ci tend à s'inverser et provoque ainsi l'extinction du thyristor Th2. Le courant I, circule alors dans le circuit oscillant constitué par le condensateur C(, l'inductance L,, la diode D2 puis se partage en deux courants I2 et I3 , tels que (I2 + I3) = I,. A partir de l'instant t4, le courant l2 absorbé par le circuit utilisateur est transféré du thyristor Th, au circuit constitué par le condensateur Ch l'inductance L! et la diode D2, ce qui provoque l'extinction du thyristor Th, par annulation du courant qui le traversait. The capacitor Q is previously charged to the voltage U through the circuit constituted by the capacitor Cb the inductance L ,, the diode D2, the inductance L3 and the user circuit CU. Then the thyristor Thj is made conductive at time t ,. The adjuster is then in conduction state. When we want to stop this state of conduction, we make the thyristor Th2 conductive at time t2. A current Ii then appears in the oscillating circuit constituted by the inductance Lt, the capacitor Q and the thyristor Th2 and has the effect of reversing the polarity of the charge of the capacitor Cj. At the end of the first half-period of the oscillation of the current Ib, ie at time t3, it tends to reverse and thus causes the extinction of thyristor Th2. The current I then flows in the oscillating circuit constituted by the capacitor C (, the inductance L ,, the diode D2 then is divided into two currents I2 and I3, such that (I2 + I3) = I,. From at time t4, the current l2 absorbed by the user circuit is transferred from the thyristor Th, to the circuit constituted by the capacitor Ch the inductance L! and the diode D2, which causes the thyristor Th to go out, by canceling the current crossing it.

1(l L'extinction du thyristor Th, est améliorée par le fait que la diode D [ est traversée par le courant I3 qui provoque à ses bornes l'apparition d'une tension dont la valeur pratiquement observée est d'environ un volt. Cette tension est appliquée aux bornes du thyristor Th! avec la polarité plus sur sa cathode et la , s polarité moins sur son anode. Le temps pendant lequel cette tension est présente aux bornes du thyristor est égal à l'intervalle de temps séparant les instants t4 et t5. Cet intervalle de temps (t5-t4) est une caractéristique fondamentale du circuit. 1 (l The extinction of the thyristor Th, is improved by the fact that the diode D [is crossed by the current I3 which causes at its terminals the appearance of a voltage whose practically observed value is approximately one volt. This voltage is applied to the terminals of thyristor Th! With the polarity plus on its cathode and the, s polarity minus on its anode. The time during which this voltage is present at the terminals of the thyristor is equal to the time interval separating the instants t4 and t5 This time interval (t5-t4) is a fundamental characteristic of the circuit.

En effet, afin de retrouver son pouvoir de blocage après une 2(| période de conduction, un thyristor nécessite un temps suffisant de non-conduction sous tension nulle, ou mieux sous tension inverse. Indeed, in order to recover its blocking power after a 2 (| conduction period, a thyristor requires a sufficient time of non-conduction under zero voltage, or better still under reverse voltage.

La charge du condensateur Q se complète alors jusqu'à la valeur de la tension continue d'alimentation U, à travers le js circuit constitué par l'inductance Lh la diode D2 et le circuit utilisateur. Le régleur se retrouve alors dans le même état qu'initialement et un nouveau cycle identique à celui qui vient d'être décrit peut recommencer. The charge of the capacitor Q is then completed up to the value of the direct supply voltage U, through the js circuit constituted by the inductance Lh the diode D2 and the user circuit. The adjuster is then in the same state as initially and a new cycle identical to that which has just been described can start again.

Ce circuit régleur présente cependant un inconvénient ,,i grave: il existe en pratique, entre les bornes A et B du circuit de la figure 1, une inductance parasite L2 qui est représentée sur la Figure 3. This regulator circuit has, however, a serious drawback, i: there exists in practice, between the terminals A and B of the circuit of FIG. 1, a parasitic inductance L2 which is shown in FIG. 3.

Pendant l'intervalle de temps (tg—14) où la diode Dj conduit, l'inductance L2 s'opposant à la variation du courant I3 fait 35 apparaître à ses bornes une tension dont la forme est la même que celle de la tension V, aux bornes du condensateur C[ mais During the time interval (tg-14) where the diode Dj conducts, the inductance L2 opposing the variation of the current I3 causes a voltage to appear across its terminals, the shape of which is the same as that of the voltage V , across the capacitor C [but

^2 ^ 2

dont l'amplitude est égale à V2 = V] whose amplitude is equal to V2 = V]

L, + Lz L, + Lz

• En pratique, • In practice,

40 cette valeur peut atteindre, en valeur maximale, une dizaine de volts; elle est donc généralement grande devant la tension V3 qui apparaît aux bornes de la diode D( entre les instants t4 et t5. 40 this value can reach a maximum of ten volts; it is therefore generally large compared to the voltage V3 which appears at the terminals of the diode D (between the instants t4 and t5.

Sur le diagramme de la Figure 4, on voit que le thyristor Th, est soumis à une tension inverse pendant la moitié environ de 45 l'intervalle de temps (t5-t4). On voit ainsi que la seule présence de cette inductance parasite inévitable a pour effet de réduire de moitié environ le temps de polarisation en inverse du thyristor. Or, ce temps de polarisation est défini par la valeur du condensateur d'extinction C(. On se trouve donc dans l'obliga-50 tion, pour éteindre le thyristor Thj conduisant un courant I2 donné, soit de surdimensionner Cl5 soit de prendre un thyristor Th[ plus rapide. Dans les deux cas, il en résulte un renchérissement du régleur. On the diagram of Figure 4, we see that the thyristor Th, is subjected to a reverse voltage during approximately half of 45 the time interval (t5-t4). It is thus seen that the mere presence of this inevitable parasitic inductance has the effect of reducing the reverse polarization time of the thyristor by approximately half. However, this polarization time is defined by the value of the extinction capacitor C (. We are therefore in the obliga-50 tion, to extinguish the thyristor Thj conducting a given current I2, either to oversize Cl5 or to take a thyristor Th [faster. In both cases, this results in a higher cost of the adjuster.

35 Dans le circuit selon l'invention (Fig. 5) on ajoute en série avec la diode D, et l'inductance parasite inévitable L^, une résistance R,. Entre les instants t4 et t5 (Fig. 6) la tension aux bornes du thyristor Th! est égale à la somme algébrique (V2 + V3 + V4) des tensions existant respectivement aux bornes de h() l'inductance parasite (V2), de la diode D, (V3) et de la résistance Ri (V4). Par rapport au cas connu de la Figure 4 (courbe (V2 + V3) rappelée sur la Figure 6), on voit nettement que la présence de la résistance R! apporte une amélioration dans deux sens différents: tout d'abord, l'amplitude de la tension appliquée en h5 inverse au thyristor Th! est augmentée; ensuite l'intervalle de temps (t' '4 —14) pendant lequel cette tension inverse est appliquée au thyristor Th! est lui-même augmenté par rapport à l'intervalle de temps (t'4-t4) du cas connu. 35 In the circuit according to the invention (Fig. 5) is added in series with the diode D, and the inevitable parasitic inductance L ^, a resistance R ,. Between times t4 and t5 (Fig. 6) the voltage across the thyristor Th! is equal to the algebraic sum (V2 + V3 + V4) of the voltages existing respectively at the terminals of h () the parasitic inductance (V2), of the diode D, (V3) and of the resistance Ri (V4). Compared to the known case of Figure 4 (curve (V2 + V3) recalled in Figure 6), we clearly see that the presence of resistance R! provides an improvement in two different directions: first, the amplitude of the voltage applied in reverse h5 to thyristor Th! is increased; then the time interval (t '' 4 —14) during which this reverse voltage is applied to the thyristor Th! is itself increased with respect to the time interval (t'4-t4) of the known case.

3 3

617 799 617,799

Le perfectionnement apporté par l'invention permet d'allonger l'intervalle de temps d'application de la tension inverse dans un rapport moyen de 1,5. The improvement provided by the invention makes it possible to extend the time interval of application of the reverse voltage in an average ratio of 1.5.

Pour un même courant I2 à commuter, l'introduction de la résistance R[ permet donc par exemple d'utiliser un condensateur C, de capacité réduite dans un rapport voisin de 1,5. Elle permet également, sans changer les autres éléments du circuit. For the same current I2 to be switched, the introduction of the resistance R [therefore makes it possible, for example, to use a capacitor C, of reduced capacity in a ratio close to 1.5. It also allows, without changing the other elements of the circuit.

d'utiliser un thyristor Th) dont le temps de récupération de la capacité de blocage soit plus long dans un rapport voisin de 1,5 environ. to use a thyristor Th) whose recovery time from the blocking capacity is longer in a ratio close to 1.5 approximately.

Il va de soi que l'on peut optimiser le circuit et surtout son prix de revient en combinant les deux effets corrélatifs à l'introduction de la résistance Rj. It goes without saying that the circuit and especially its cost can be optimized by combining the two correlative effects with the introduction of the resistance Rj.

C VS

5 feuilles dessins 5 sheets of drawings

CH1370877A 1976-11-15 1977-11-10 Circuit for turning off a DC regulator CH617799A5 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7634263A FR2371083A1 (en) 1976-11-15 1976-11-15 Improved extinction circuit for thyristor continuous current regulator - uses resistance in series with parallel connected diode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH617799A5 true CH617799A5 (en) 1980-06-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH1370877A CH617799A5 (en) 1976-11-15 1977-11-10 Circuit for turning off a DC regulator

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FR (1) FR2371083A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1001460B (en) * 1992-12-21 1993-12-30 Georgios Stratakos Direct-current motor speed governor with thyristor.

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Publication number Publication date
FR2371083A1 (en) 1978-06-09
FR2371083B1 (en) 1981-12-24

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