CH579265A5 - Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changes - Google Patents
Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changesInfo
- Publication number
- CH579265A5 CH579265A5 CH1096574A CH1096574A CH579265A5 CH 579265 A5 CH579265 A5 CH 579265A5 CH 1096574 A CH1096574 A CH 1096574A CH 1096574 A CH1096574 A CH 1096574A CH 579265 A5 CH579265 A5 CH 579265A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- flight
- camera
- mirror
- exposure time
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/02—Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B2217/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
- G03B2217/005—Blur detection
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The basic principle avoiding blurring of the picture caused by camera movement during exposure is remarkably simple, in that a tiltable mirror is arranged in front of the camera lens to compensate for the change in angle of the photographed object. In a practical example, whereby an aircraft is the object, means are provided to rotate the mirror (S) at a constant speed equal to the speed (V) of the aircraft divided by twice the height of flight (H). Conversely, a picture without blurring can be taken from the aircraft, the mirror being operated by a motor-driven cam. This method is especially useful in taking a series of pictures.
Description
Wird aus einem Flugzeug eine Photographie des überflogenen Gebietes gemacht, so tritt eine Bildverschiebung (s) auf, welche sich aus Belichtungszeit (t) und Fluggeschwindigkeit (v) berechnen lässt zu s=v t. Fürv=250 m/s (Kampfflugzeug) und einer Belichtungszeit t= 1/1000 s wird s=25 cm. Um diese Unschärfe von 25 cm ist das Bild in der Flugrichtung verzerrt.
Diese Verschiebung kann kompensiert werden durch eine Filmverschiebung f=v b H. Brennweite des Objektivs b=25 cm, Flughöhe H=500 m. Dabei wird die benötigte Filmverschiebungsgeschwindigkeit f= 10 cm/s. Dieser Filmvorschub während der Aufnahme muss jedesmal den Flugdaten angepasst werden, was schwierig einzuhalten ist.
Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird bei ruhendem Film die Bildverzerrung dadurch kompensiert, dass durch einen, dem Objektiv vorgeschalteten Drehspiegel mit horizontaler Drehachse senkrecht zur Flugrichtung, die optische Achse der Kamera während der Belichtungszeit dauernd auf den gleichen Objektivpunkt gerichtet bleibt. (Siehe Zeichnung).
Das Flugzeug fliegt in derHöhe H mit der Geschwindigkeit v und überstreicht während der Belichtungszeit t eine Strecke v t. Der Kippwinkel des Drehspiegels (S) 2 2 berechnet sich aus
2 tang a= a=v t/H. Mit einer Drehgeschwindigkeit w der Spiegelachse dreht sich diese während der Belichtungszeit t um a den Winkel a; t = T = v t/2H und damit berechnet sich =v/2H, was bedeutet, dass die Belichtungszeit frei gewählt werden kann.
Die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Spiegelachse wird während der Beobachtungszeit dauernd durch bekannte elektronische Regulierung dem Verhältnis v/2H angepasst. Die Belichtungszeit kann innerhalb praktischer Grenzen durch elektronische Helligkeitsfühler der Objekthelligkeit und der Filmempfindlichkeit angepasst werden. Auch ermöglicht eine längere Belichtungszeit die Verwendung von Teleobjektiven kleiner relativer Blendenöffnung.
Der Antriebsmotor dreht während der Beobachtungszeit dauernd mit der durch die Elektronik aus Fluggeschwindigkeit und Flughöhe bestimmten Drehzahl und treibt den Film nach jeder Aufnahme durch Kuppelglieder um ein Bild weiter. In dieser Stellung ist die Apparatur zu neuer Aufnahme bereit.
Bei Auslösen der Kamera wird gleichzeitig durch ein Klinkensystem der Spiegel mit der Drehachse gekuppelt und mit der vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit um etwa 30 Grad gekippt. Währenddem findet die Aufnahme statt und darauf kippt der Spiegel durch eine Feder getrieben wieder in die Anfangslage zurück. Die Apparatur ist danach zu einer weiteren Aufnahme bereit.
Der Vorteil dieser Einrichtung besteht hauptsächlich darin, dass sie gegenüber einem bewegten Film eine grössere Präzision und damit schärfere Bilder ermöglicht.
PATENTANSPRUCH
Vorrichtung an einer Kamera zur Kompensation der Bildverschiebung bei Aufnahmen mit bewegter Kamera dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch einen dem Kameraobjektiv vorgeschalteten Kippspiegel die Winkeländerung Kamera Objekt kompensiert wird.
UNTERANSPRÜCHE
1. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch, ausgebildet zur Kompensation der Bildverschiebung bei Aufnahmen mit der Kamera von einem Flugzeug aus, gekennzeichnet durch Mittel um den Kippspiegel während einer Aufnahme mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit zu kippen, die gleich der Fluggeschwindigkeit, dividiert durch die doppelte Flughöhe ist.
2. Vorrichtung nach Unteranspruch 1, ausgebildet zur Kompensation der Bildverschiebung bei Aufnahmen mit der Kamera von einem Flugzeug aus, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kippspiegel über einen Nocken durch einen Motor antreibbar ist und Mittel vorgesehen sind um die Drehzahl des Motors elektronisch dauernd an die Flughöhe und Fluggeschwindigkeit anzupassen.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld konnte Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
If a photograph of the overflown area is made from an airplane, an image shift (s) occurs, which can be calculated from exposure time (t) and flight speed (v) as s = v t. For v = 250 m / s (combat aircraft) and an exposure time t = 1/1000 s, s = 25 cm. The image is distorted by this blur of 25 cm in the direction of flight.
This shift can be compensated for by shifting the film f = v b H. Focal length of the lens b = 25 cm, flight altitude H = 500 m. The required film displacement speed becomes f = 10 cm / s. This film advance during the recording has to be adapted to the flight data each time, which is difficult to adhere to.
In one embodiment of the invention, the image distortion is compensated for when the film is at rest by means of a rotating mirror upstream of the lens with a horizontal axis of rotation perpendicular to the direction of flight, the optical axis of the camera being constantly directed to the same lens point during the exposure time. (See diagram).
The aircraft flies at altitude H at speed v and covers a distance v t during exposure time t. The tilt angle of the rotating mirror (S) 2 2 is calculated from
2 tang a = a = v t / H. At a rotational speed w of the mirror axis, it rotates during the exposure time t by the angle α; t = T = v t / 2H and thus = v / 2H is calculated, which means that the exposure time can be freely selected.
The speed of rotation of the mirror axis is continuously adapted to the ratio v / 2H during the observation time by known electronic regulation. The exposure time can be adjusted within practical limits by electronic brightness sensors of the object brightness and the film sensitivity. A longer exposure time also enables telephoto lenses with a smaller relative aperture to be used.
During the observation time, the drive motor rotates continuously at the speed determined by the electronics from the flight speed and flight altitude and drives the film by one frame after each exposure through coupling elements. In this position the apparatus is ready for a new recording.
When the camera is triggered, a latch system simultaneously couples the mirror to the axis of rotation and tilts it by around 30 degrees at the specified speed. During this, the recording takes place and then the mirror tilts back to its starting position, driven by a spring. The apparatus is then ready for another exposure.
The main advantage of this device is that it enables greater precision and thus sharper images compared to moving film.
PATENT CLAIM
Device on a camera for compensating the image shift when taking pictures with a moving camera, characterized in that the change in angle of the camera object is compensated for by a tilting mirror connected upstream of the camera lens.
SUBCLAIMS
1. Device according to claim, designed to compensate for the image shift when taking pictures with the camera from an aircraft, characterized by means to tilt the tilting mirror during a recording at a constant speed which is equal to the airspeed divided by twice the flight altitude.
2. Device according to dependent claim 1, designed to compensate for the image shift when taking pictures with the camera from an aircraft, characterized in that the tilting mirror can be driven by a motor via a cam and means are provided to electronically adjust the speed of the motor continuously to the flight altitude and adjust flight speed.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field could overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1096574A CH579265A5 (en) | 1974-08-12 | 1974-08-12 | Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1096574A CH579265A5 (en) | 1974-08-12 | 1974-08-12 | Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH579265A5 true CH579265A5 (en) | 1976-08-31 |
Family
ID=4368650
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH1096574A CH579265A5 (en) | 1974-08-12 | 1974-08-12 | Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH579265A5 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2597985A1 (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1987-10-30 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TAKING VIEWS OF A LINE-BY-LINE OBJECT |
FR2729479A1 (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1996-07-19 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | COMPENSATION FOR IMAGE BLURRY |
FR2742554A1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-20 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Imaging by scrolling for satellite observation system |
US20160261798A1 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-09-08 | The University Of Tokyo | Blurless image capturing system |
EP3204786A4 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-08-16 | Spookfish Innovations Pty Ltd. | An aerial camera system |
-
1974
- 1974-08-12 CH CH1096574A patent/CH579265A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2597985A1 (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1987-10-30 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TAKING VIEWS OF A LINE-BY-LINE OBJECT |
FR2729479A1 (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1996-07-19 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | COMPENSATION FOR IMAGE BLURRY |
FR2742554A1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-20 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Imaging by scrolling for satellite observation system |
US20160261798A1 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-09-08 | The University Of Tokyo | Blurless image capturing system |
US9787886B2 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2017-10-10 | The University Of Tokyo | Blurless image capturing system |
EP3204786A4 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2017-08-16 | Spookfish Innovations Pty Ltd. | An aerial camera system |
AU2015330956B2 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2019-11-07 | Spookfish Innovations Pty Ltd | An aerial camera system |
US11265472B2 (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2022-03-01 | Spookfish Innovations Pty Ltd | Aerial camera system |
US11310427B2 (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2022-04-19 | Spookfish Innovations Pty Ltd | Aerial camera system |
US11962903B2 (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2024-04-16 | Spookfish Innovation PTY LTD | Aerial camera system |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19942900B4 (en) | Device for correcting image errors caused by camera shake | |
DE3433412C3 (en) | Inputs of a computer for calculating an optimal object plane, which is defined by object points optically conjugated to the selected pixels, and for calculating the target setting of the lens and / or image carrier | |
EP0123271B1 (en) | Process and device for compensating the image motion of an aerial camera | |
CH579265A5 (en) | Avoiding blurring of picture caused by moving camera - tiltable mirror arranged in front of lens compensates for angle changes | |
DE3205469C2 (en) | camera | |
DE69324530T2 (en) | Photographic device with image shake correction | |
DE1918958C3 (en) | Camera with a device for displaying the depth of field | |
US3687035A (en) | Image motion compensation means for camera apparatus | |
DE2262219A1 (en) | FINDING DEVICE FOR A PHOTO CAMERA | |
US1939172A (en) | Mapping camera | |
US5682564A (en) | Viewfinder device with light deflecting feature for changing the field of view | |
US3212099A (en) | Motion picture camera with moving indicating means in viewfinder for taking panoramic pictures | |
DE4428054C1 (en) | Stereoscopic opto-electronic image generating appts. | |
DE2202175C3 (en) | Device for stabilizing a line of sight | |
DE3036222A1 (en) | CARD NAVIGATION SYSTEM | |
US4162838A (en) | Camera viewfinder | |
DE2151123C3 (en) | Device consisting of a binocular telescope and a camera | |
SU887931A1 (en) | Device for preventing panoramic distortions at transformation of aerial photographs | |
DD253691A1 (en) | PANORAMA PICTURES PROCEDURE | |
DE2430843A1 (en) | Panoramic photographic process - involves rotating camera about angle inclined to optical lens axis | |
AT310560B (en) | camera | |
DE182669C (en) | ||
SU1044981A1 (en) | Photo transformer | |
SU398820A1 (en) | PANORAMIC AIR PHOTO DIRECT SCANNING | |
SU409070A1 (en) | DIFFERENTIAL PHOTO TRANSFORMER |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PL | Patent ceased |