CH401013A - Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases - Google Patents

Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases

Info

Publication number
CH401013A
CH401013A CH1066961A CH1066961A CH401013A CH 401013 A CH401013 A CH 401013A CH 1066961 A CH1066961 A CH 1066961A CH 1066961 A CH1066961 A CH 1066961A CH 401013 A CH401013 A CH 401013A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
gas inlet
dependent
cross
catalyst
gases
Prior art date
Application number
CH1066961A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Edgar Dr Koberstein
Original Assignee
Degussa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa filed Critical Degussa
Publication of CH401013A publication Critical patent/CH401013A/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/306—Preheating additional air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2846—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for granular supports, e.g. pellets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2208/00061—Temperature measurement of the reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/0007—Pressure measurement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00132—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2208/00398—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements inside the reactor bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
    • B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00539—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/30—Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Description

       

  
 



  Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Entgiftung und Desodorierung von   Industrie-und    Heizungs abgasen
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Entgiftung und Desodorierung von Industrie- und Heizungsabgasen, bestehend aus einer wärmeisolierten, von dem zu behandelnden Gasgemisch durchströmten Kammer mit einer Unterlage für den Katalysator, z. B. einem Drahtnetz oder Drahtsieb, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Unterlage für den Katalysator und dem Gaseinlassstutzen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung der Gase eine Lochplatte oder ein Sieb angeordnet ist, deren durch die Öffnungen gebildete Durchgangsfläche kleiner als die Querschnittsfläche des Gaseinlassstutzens ist.



   Die Reinigung von Abgasen zur Entfernung von organischen Substanzen durch Wärmeeinwirkung gewinnt bei zahlreichen technischen Prozessen zunehmende Bedeutung. Man unterwirft zu diesem Zweck diese Gase oder Gasgemische einer sogenannten Nachverbrennung. Man bedient sich hierbei üblicher Vorrichtungen, die im wesentlichen aus einer wärmeisolierten, mit Heizeinrichtungen versehenen Reaktionskammer bestehen, in der das Katalysatorbett angebracht ist. Die Wirksamkeit der Nachverbrennung hängt nun einerseits davon ab, dass die Verunreinigungen möglichst gleichmässig an den Katalysator herangebracht werden und die Katalysatortemperatur im Hinblick auf die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gases und die jeweilige Konzentration der zu verbrennenden Verunreinigungen auf der optimalen Höhe gehalten wird.

   Die gleichmässige Ausnutzung des Kontaktes an der oberen Grenze seiner Wirksamkeit ist eine entscheidende Voraussetzung für die technische Anwendbarkeit der Nachverbren  nungsverfahren;    sie ist jedoch auch von wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung, da sie mit der Lebensdauer des Kontaktes eng verknüpft ist. Die Notwendigkeit eines häufigen Ersatzes des Kontaktes, der bei wertvollen Kontakten mit einer Regenerierung verbunden ist, stellt, abgesehen von dem damit verbundenen Arbeitsaufwand, nicht nur ein Hindernis für den   gleich-    mässigen Betriebs ablauf, sondern, vor allem bei Edelmetallkontakten, auch eine erhebliche wirtschaftliche Belastung dar.



   Die Vorrichtung gemäss der Erfindung erlaubt es nun, eine gleichmässige Beaufschlagung des Kontaktes mit dem zu reinigenden Gas sowie im Falle einer notwendigen zsuätzlichen Beheizung eine gleichmässige und an Änderungen der Konzentration, Gasmenge oder Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gases rasch anzupassende Beheizung des Kontaktes zu gewährleisten. Das wesentliche Merkmal der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass in der Reaktionskammer in der Strömungsrichtung des Gases vor dem Träger für das Katalysatorbett eine Lochplatte oder ein Sieb angeordnet ist, deren durch die Öffnungen gebildete Durchgangsfläche kleiner ist als die Querschnittsfläche des Gaseinlassstutzens, durch den das zu behandelnde Gas in die Kammer eintritt.

   Nur durch den auf diese Weise erzielten Druckabfall kann die erforderliche gleichmässige Anströmung des Gases gegen das Kontaktbett mit Sicherheit erreicht werden, Selbstverständlich darf dieser Druck anderseits nicht zu gross sein, da sonst eine unerwünschte Erhöhung der Gebläseleistung die Folge wäre. Vorzugsweise wird gemäss der Erfindung das Verhältnis der Querschnitte des Gaseinlassstutzens und der Gesamtheit der Durchgangsöffnungen in der Anströmplatte wie etwa 3 : 2 gewählt. Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform werden innerhalb des Katalysatorbettes ein oder mehrere Heizkörper so angeordnet, dass sie in Ebenen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Gases übereinander  liegen.

   Man kann zu diesem Zweck beispielsweise haarnadelförmig gekrümmte Baker-Rohre verwenden, die in den einzelnen Lagen um 900 versetzt sind, wie dies im Zusammenhang mit den Figuren noch näher erläutert ist.



   Eine spezielle Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäss der Erfindung umfasst eine Einrichtung zur regelbaren Einführung von Sekundärluft im unteren Teil der Kammer, vorzugsweise im räumlichen Zusammenhang mit dem Gaseinlassstutzen. Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Gaseinlassstutzen von Lufteinlassöffnungen umgeben, die mit Hilfe eines Drehschiebers geöffnet oder geschlossen oder eingestellt werden können, so dass die Menge der Sekundärluft jederzeit reguliert und den Bedingungen des Betriebes der Vorrichtung angepasst werden kann.



   Die Erfindung wird mit Hilfe der Fig. 1 und la weiterhin erläutert.



   Die Fig. 1 stellt einen senkrechten Schnitt durch die Reaktionskammer dar, während in Fig. la die Aufsicht auf den Schnitt A-B wiedergegeben ist.



  Die eigentliche Kammer ist in Fig. 1 mit 11 bezeichnet. Sie ist umgeben mit dem Isoliermantel 12, der beispielsweise aus einem mit Steinwolle gefüllten Blechkörper besteht. Der obere Teil des Isoliermantels ist, wie aus der Figur ersichtlich, abnehmbar angeordnet. Die Reaktionskammer 11 ist am unteren Teil mit einem Gaseinlassstutzen 13 und oben mit einem Auslassstutzen 14 versehen. In dem den Gaseinlassstutzen 13 umgebenden Ring 15 befinden sich Öffnungen 16 für die Sekundärluft. Unterhalb des Ringes 15 ist der Schieberring 17 mit korrespondierenden Öffnungen 18 drehbar angeordnet, so dass durch Bewegung des Ringes 17 die Menge der eintretenden Sekundärluft geregelt werden kann. Innerhalb der Kammer 11 ist ein Träger 19 angeordnet, auf den das Katalysatorbett aufgeschichtet werden kann.

   In dem der Figur zugrunde liegenden Beispiel besteht dieser Träger aus einem Rost aus Blechstreifen, auf dem ein Drahtnetz aus rost- und hitzebeständigem Stahl liegt. Unterhalb des Trägers 19, in einem Abstand, der etwa 1/6 der Gesamthöhe der Reaktionskammer beträgt, befindet sich die Anströmplatte 111 in Form eines Lochsiebes mit etwa 1100 Löchern von 3 mm Durchmesser. Die gesamte Durchgangsfläche der Löcher beträgt etwa 77   cm2,       der (: Querschnitt des Einlassstutzens 13 dagegen etwa    120   cm2,    entsprechend einem Verhältnis von etwa   2 : 3.    Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind oberhalb des Katalysatorträgers 19 in Ebenen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung des Gases Heizkörper 112 angebracht.

   Diese Heizkörper bestehen im vorliegenden Beispiel aus 8 haarnadelförmig gekrümmten Rohren, die gegen jede benachbarte Lage um 900 gedreht sind. Je nach Höhe des Katalysatorbettes und der aufzubringenden Wärme kann die Zahl der Heizkörper selbstverständlich gegenüber dem dargestellten Beispiel vermehrt oder gegebenenfalls auf einen herabgesetzt werden.



  Die Beheizung erfolgt auf elektrischem Wege. Die Stromzuleitungen sind in der Figur der   tJbersicht-      lichkeit    halber fortgelassen.



   Die dargestellte Vorrichtung ist weiterhin mit den üblichen Hilfseinrichtungen ausgestattet, insbesondere mit einem zentral gelegenen Rohrstutzen 113, der mit einer Öffnung 114 in dem Isoliermantel 12 korrespondiert und der Aufnahme eines Messfühlers zur Messung und gegebenenfalls Regelung und Registrierung der Temperatur des Katalysatorbettes dient.



  Zur Messung der Temperaturen an der Gaseintrittsund Gasaustrittsseite sind die Stutzen 115 und 116 bestimmt, an denen bei 117 bzw. 118 auch die Druckmessung erfolgen kann.



   In Fig. la sind die gleichen Bezugszeichen verwendet wie in Fig. 1.   



  
 



  Device for catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating gases
The invention relates to a device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases, consisting of a thermally insulated chamber, through which the gas mixture to be treated flows, with a support for the catalyst, e.g. B. a wire mesh or wire screen, and is characterized in that a perforated plate or a sieve is arranged between the support for the catalyst and the gas inlet connector perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gases, the passage area formed by the openings is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the gas inlet connector.



   The cleaning of exhaust gases to remove organic substances by the action of heat is becoming increasingly important in numerous technical processes. For this purpose, these gases or gas mixtures are subjected to so-called post-combustion. Conventional devices are used, which essentially consist of a thermally insulated reaction chamber provided with heating devices, in which the catalyst bed is attached. The effectiveness of the afterburning depends on the one hand on the fact that the impurities are brought to the catalyst as evenly as possible and the catalyst temperature is kept at the optimal level with regard to the flow rate of the gas and the respective concentration of the impurities to be burned.

   The uniform utilization of the contact at the upper limit of its effectiveness is a decisive prerequisite for the technical applicability of the Nachverbren tion process; However, it is also of economic importance as it is closely linked to the life of the contact. The need for frequent replacement of the contact, which is associated with regeneration in the case of valuable contacts, is, apart from the work involved, not only an obstacle to smooth operation, but also a considerable economic one, especially with precious metal contacts Burden.



   The device according to the invention now makes it possible to ensure a uniform application of the contact with the gas to be purified and, in the event of additional heating required, a uniform heating of the contact that can be quickly adapted to changes in concentration, gas quantity or flow rate of the gas. The essential feature of the device according to the invention is that a perforated plate or a sieve is arranged in the reaction chamber in the direction of flow of the gas in front of the support for the catalyst bed, the passage area formed by the openings of which is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the gas inlet port through which the to treating gas enters the chamber.

   The required uniform flow of the gas against the contact bed can only be achieved with certainty through the pressure drop achieved in this way. Of course, this pressure must not be too high, since otherwise an undesirable increase in the fan output would be the result. Preferably, according to the invention, the ratio of the cross-sections of the gas inlet connection and the entirety of the passage openings in the inflow plate is selected to be approximately 3: 2. According to a further advantageous embodiment, one or more heating elements are arranged within the catalyst bed in such a way that they lie one above the other in planes perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gas.

   For this purpose, for example, Baker tubes curved in the shape of a hairpin can be used, the individual layers of which are offset by 900, as will be explained in more detail in connection with the figures.



   A special embodiment of the device according to the invention comprises a device for the controllable introduction of secondary air in the lower part of the chamber, preferably in spatial connection with the gas inlet nozzle. In this preferred embodiment, the gas inlet nozzle is surrounded by air inlet openings which can be opened or closed or adjusted with the aid of a rotary slide, so that the amount of secondary air can be regulated at any time and adapted to the operating conditions of the device.



   The invention is further explained with the aid of FIGS. 1 and la.



   Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through the reaction chamber, while in Fig. La the plan view of section A-B is shown.



  The actual chamber is designated by 11 in FIG. 1. It is surrounded by the insulating jacket 12, which consists for example of a sheet metal body filled with rock wool. As can be seen from the figure, the upper part of the insulating jacket is arranged to be removable. The reaction chamber 11 is provided with a gas inlet connector 13 at the bottom and with an outlet connector 14 at the top. In the ring 15 surrounding the gas inlet connection 13 there are openings 16 for the secondary air. Below the ring 15, the slide ring 17 with corresponding openings 18 is rotatably arranged so that the amount of secondary air entering can be regulated by moving the ring 17. A carrier 19, on which the catalyst bed can be coated, is arranged within the chamber 11.

   In the example on which the figure is based, this carrier consists of a grid made of sheet metal strips on which a wire mesh made of rust-resistant and heat-resistant steel lies. Below the carrier 19, at a distance which is approximately 1/6 of the total height of the reaction chamber, there is the inflow plate 111 in the form of a perforated screen with approximately 1100 holes 3 mm in diameter. The total passage area of the holes is about 77 cm2, the (: cross section of the inlet connection 13, however, about 120 cm2, corresponding to a ratio of about 2: 3. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are planes above the catalyst carrier 19 perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gas Radiator 112 attached.

   In the present example, these radiators consist of 8 hairpin-shaped curved tubes that are rotated by 900 with respect to each adjacent layer. Depending on the height of the catalyst bed and the heat to be applied, the number of heating elements can of course be increased compared to the example shown or, if necessary, reduced to one.



  The heating is done electrically. The power supply lines are omitted from the figure for the sake of clarity.



   The device shown is also equipped with the usual auxiliary devices, in particular with a centrally located pipe socket 113, which corresponds to an opening 114 in the insulating jacket 12 and serves to accommodate a sensor for measuring and, if necessary, regulating and registering the temperature of the catalyst bed.



  To measure the temperatures on the gas inlet and gas outlet side, the nozzles 115 and 116 are intended, on which the pressure measurement can also take place at 117 and 118, respectively.



   The same reference numerals are used in FIG. 1 a as in FIG. 1.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Entgiftung und Desodorierung von Industrie- und Heizungsabgasen, bestehend aus einer wärmeisolierten, von dem zu behandelnden Gasgemisch durchströmten Kammer mit einer Unterlage für den Katalysator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Unterlage für den Katalysator und dem Gaseinlassstutzen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung der Gase eine Lochplatte oder ein Sieb angeordnet ist, deren durch die Öffnungen gebildete Durchgangsfläche kleiner als die Querschnittsfläche des Gaseinlassstutzens ist. PATENT CLAIM Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases, consisting of a thermally insulated chamber through which the gas mixture to be treated flows and with a support for the catalyst, characterized in that between the support for the catalyst and the gas inlet connection perpendicular to the flow direction of the gases a Perforated plate or a sieve is arranged, the passage area formed by the openings is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the gas inlet nozzle. UNTERANSPRUCHE 1. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unterlage aus einem Drahtnetz oder Drahtsieb besteht. SUBCLAIMS 1. Device according to claim, characterized in that the base consists of a wire mesh or wire screen. 2. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch und Unteranspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis der Durchgangsfläche der Lochplatte zur Querschnittsfläche des Gaseinlassstutzens 2 : 3 beträgt. 2. Device according to claim and dependent claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the passage area of the perforated plate to the cross-sectional area of the gas inlet nozzle is 2: 3. 3. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch und Unteransprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Verbrennungskammer in einer oder mehreren Ebenen senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung der Gase Heizkörper angebracht sind, die innerhalb des Katalysatorbettes liegen und eine gleichmässige Wärmeabgabe über den Querschnitt des Katalysatorbettes bewirken. 3. Device according to claim and dependent claims 1 and 2, characterized in that heating elements are mounted in the combustion chamber in one or more planes perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gases, which are located within the catalyst bed and cause a uniform heat emission over the cross section of the catalyst bed. 4. Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch und Unteransprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am unteren Teil der Kammer eine Zuleitung für Sekundärluft angebracht ist, deren Öffnungsquerschnitt mit einem Schieber einstellbar ist. 4. Device according to claim and dependent claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a supply line for secondary air is attached to the lower part of the chamber, the opening cross-section of which is adjustable with a slide. 5. Vorrichtung nach Unteranspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einlassöffnungen für die Sekundärluft um den Gaseinlassstutzen herum angeordnet sind und zur Regulierung ein gemeinsamer Drehschieber dient. 5. Device according to dependent claim 4, characterized in that the inlet openings for the secondary air are arranged around the gas inlet nozzle and a common rotary valve is used for regulation.
CH1066961A 1960-10-07 1961-09-14 Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases CH401013A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED34445A DE1138380B (en) 1960-10-07 1960-10-07 Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH401013A true CH401013A (en) 1965-10-31

Family

ID=7042186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH1066961A CH401013A (en) 1960-10-07 1961-09-14 Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (1) CH401013A (en)
DE (1) DE1138380B (en)
GB (1) GB967904A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2712371C2 (en) * 1977-03-22 1983-10-06 Chemische Werke Huels Ag, 4370 Marl Radial flow reactor for carrying out endothermic, catalytic reactions
US4410499A (en) * 1979-05-02 1983-10-18 United States Steel Corporation Waste gas purification reactor and method
US4277453A (en) * 1979-06-04 1981-07-07 United States Steel Corporation Waste gas purification reactor and method
JPH08284652A (en) * 1995-04-18 1996-10-29 Toyota Motor Corp Structure of electrically heating catalyst
DE19627609A1 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-15 Johann Schaeffer Exhaust air purification catalyst

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE898296C (en) * 1949-03-13 1955-10-20 Ruhrchemie Ag Device for even gas distribution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1138380B (en) 1962-10-25
GB967904A (en) 1964-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3322119C2 (en) Incinerator with regenerative heat exchanger
DE2714208C2 (en) Double cylinder device for regenerating used activated carbon
DE69934492T2 (en) STABILIZED LIFT VALVE ASSEMBLY
CH401013A (en) Device for the catalytic detoxification and deodorization of industrial and heating exhaust gases
DE2363332B2 (en) Method and device for concentrating dilute solutions of corrosive substances
DE2307492A1 (en) HEAT EXCHANGER
DE406864C (en) Process and device for the production of sulfuric anhydride by means of contact substance
DE2341117C3 (en) Reaction chamber for the catalytic combustion of the carbon monoxide content of flue gases
DE88484C (en)
DE1221654B (en) Process for the reduction of iron ores in rotary furnaces with gaseous or liquid reducing agents
DE3826832A1 (en) ASHING DEVICE WITH IMPROVED WALL STRUCTURE
DE1914247A1 (en) Method and device for the sole or additional temperature control of high pressure synthesis reactors by supplying cold gas
DE2754375C2 (en) Waste heat boiler behind chemical reactors
DE2004909A1 (en) Therocatalytic neutralizer for exhaust gases from internal combustion engines
DE4022295C2 (en) Catalytic oxidation reactor
DE2344220A1 (en) GAS BURNER
DE848035C (en) Process and device for carrying out exothermic catalytic reactions in contact ovens
DE1187339B (en) Device for the flameless combustion of gaseous hydrocarbons
CH389809A (en) Device for converting gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons or mixtures of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons
DE3884228T2 (en) Chemical reactor.
AT37912B (en) Generator gas boiler firing.
DE401861C (en) Device for softening shoe tips
DE974769C (en) Grate for fluidized bed reaction rooms
DE1442927C (en) Method and device for the combustion of exhaust gases
AT21330B (en) Mixing device for bunsen burners.