CH395898A - Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set - Google Patents

Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set

Info

Publication number
CH395898A
CH395898A CH1032162A CH1032162A CH395898A CH 395898 A CH395898 A CH 395898A CH 1032162 A CH1032162 A CH 1032162A CH 1032162 A CH1032162 A CH 1032162A CH 395898 A CH395898 A CH 395898A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
hydraulic machine
opening
diffuser
closing element
main closing
Prior art date
Application number
CH1032162A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hirt Max
Cardinal Von Widdern Herman Dr
Original Assignee
Escher Wyss Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Escher Wyss Ag filed Critical Escher Wyss Ag
Priority to CH1032162A priority Critical patent/CH395898A/en
Priority to DEE24000A priority patent/DE1300479B/en
Priority to AT665163A priority patent/AT243203B/en
Publication of CH395898A publication Critical patent/CH395898A/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00Controlling
    • F03B15/005Starting, also of pump-turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16Stators
    • F03B3/18Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/183Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)

Description

  

      Verfahren    zum     Inbetriebsetzen    eines hydroelektrischen     Maschinensatzes       Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum     Inbe-          triebsetzen    eines hydroelektrischen     Maschinensatzes,     insbesondere mit einer zwei- oder     mehrstufigen    hy  draulischen Maschine, bei Betrieb der hydraulischen  Maschine als     Turbine,

      wobei die     hydraulische    Ma  schine einen Leitapparat mit verstellbaren     Leitschau-          feln    und ein     Hauptabschlussorgan    für das Betriebs  wasser     aufweit.     



  In     Wasserturbinenanlagen    werden. in zunehmen  dem Masse hydraulische Maschinen mit     Francislauf-          rädern    und entsprechenden Leitapparaten auch für  grosse Fallhöhen verwendet, sei es als Turbinen, sei  es als Pumpen, sei es als wahlweise als Turbine oder  Pumpe betriebene Maschinen     (Pumpturbinen).     



  Bei grossen     Fallhöhen    spielt die Frage der Ero  sion, Korrosion und     Kavitation        eine    wichtige Rolle  bei der Konstruktion der Laufräder, aber auch der  Leitschaufeln. Auch müssen die Drehzapfen und  die     Schaufelprofile    bei zunehmender     Fallhöhe        immer     stärker bemessen werden, was zu     hydraulisch    un  günstigen Schaufelprofilen führt.  



  Um diese Schwierigkeiten zu umgehen, wurde  die hydraulische Maschine bei grossen Fallhöhen  mehrstufig ausgebildet, d. h. die     Fallhöhen    auf zwei  oder mehr Stufen unterteilt. Dabei lässt sich aber nicht  vermeiden, dass sich bei kleiner     Leitapparatöffnung,     insbesondere aber in der     Geschlossenstellung    der  Leitschaufeln, die Fallhöhe ungleichmässig auf die  einzelnen Stufen     verteilt,    so dass beispielsweise     der     oberste Leitapparat die ganze Fallhöhe zu über  nehmen hat.  



  Bei verstellbaren Leitschaufeln von Pumpentur  binen treten überdies bei kleiner     Leitapparatöffnung     im Pumpenbetrieb     unzulässig    starke Vibrationen auf.  



  Die Erfindung bezweckt, die     geschilderten    Nach  teile zu vermeiden. Bei einem Verfahren zur Inbe-         triebsetzung    eines hydroelektrischen Maschinensatzes  der eingangs beschriebenen Art wird zu diesem  Zweck     erfindungsgemäss    der Leitapparat bei allen  Betriebszuständen der     hydraulischen    Maschine min  destens auf 4 % der     Vollastöffnung    offengehalten,  und es wird zum Anfahren zuerst das     Hauptab-          schlussorgan    bei     kleinster        Leitapparatöffnung    ganz  geöffnet,

   und danach wird die Turbine durch Ver  stellen der     Leitschaufeln    auf die für das Parallel  schalten     Tier    elektrischen Maschine mit dem Netz er  forderliche Drehzahl eingeregelt.  



       Vorteilhafterweise    wird dabei das     Hauptabschluss-          organ    im Bereich der der kleinsten     Leitapparatöff-          nung    entsprechenden Öffnung langsam und ausser  halb dieses Bereichs schneller geöffnet.  



  Auf diese Weise wird die     Fallhöhe,    der genügend  grossen     Leitapparatöffnung    entsprechend, praktisch  gleichmässig auf die Leitapparate von zwei oder  mehr Stufen     verteilt,    und trotzdem überdeckt die       Leitapparatregulierung    den ganzen zu     regelnden    Be  reich des Maschinensatzes. Nur ein Teil des unter  halb der Leerlaufdrehzahl liegenden     Anfahrbereichs,     d. h. ein kleiner, keine eigentliche Regelung erfor  dernder Bereich muss mittels des     Hauptabschluss-          organs    gesteuert werden.



      Method for starting up a hydroelectric machine set The invention relates to a method for starting up a hydroelectric machine set, in particular with a two-stage or multi-stage hydraulic machine, when the hydraulic machine is operated as a turbine,

      whereby the hydraulic machine expands a guide device with adjustable guide vanes and a main closing element for the service water.



  In water turbine systems are. Increasingly, hydraulic machines with Francis impellers and corresponding guide devices are also used for great heads, be it as turbines, be it as pumps, or be it as machines operated either as turbines or pumps (pump turbines).



  With large heads, the issue of erosion, corrosion and cavitation plays an important role in the design of the impellers, but also of the guide vanes. The pivot pin and the blade profiles must also be dimensioned more and more with increasing head, which leads to hydraulically un favorable blade profiles.



  In order to circumvent these difficulties, the hydraulic machine was designed in several stages for large heads, i.e. H. the heights of fall are divided into two or more levels. In this case, however, it cannot be avoided that when the diffuser opening is small, especially when the guide vanes are in the closed position, the height of fall is unevenly distributed over the individual stages, so that, for example, the top diffuser has to take over the entire height of fall.



  In the case of adjustable guide vanes of pump turbines, unacceptably strong vibrations also occur when the guide apparatus opening is small.



  The invention aims to avoid the described after parts. In a method for starting up a hydroelectric machine set of the type described at the outset, according to the invention the diffuser is kept open to at least 4% of the full load opening for this purpose in all operating states of the hydraulic machine, and the main closing element is first fully opened when the diffuser is opened open,

   and then the turbine is regulated by adjusting the guide vanes to the speed required for the parallel animal electrical machine with the network.



       The main closing element is advantageously opened slowly in the area of the opening corresponding to the smallest diffuser opening and faster outside this area.



  In this way, the height of fall, corresponding to the sufficiently large diffuser opening, is practically evenly distributed over the diffuser of two or more levels, and nevertheless the diffuser regulation covers the entire area of the machine set to be regulated. Only part of the start-up range below idle speed, i.e. H. a small area that does not actually require any regulation must be controlled by the main closing body.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Verfahren zum Inbetriebsetzen eines hydroelek- trischen Maschinensatzes, insbesondere mit einer zwei- oder mehrstufigen hydraulischen Maschine, bei Betrieb der hydraulischen Maschine als Turbine, wobei die hydraulische Maschine einen Leitapparat mit verstellbaren Leitschaufeln und ein Hauptab- schlussorgan für das Betriebswasser aufweist, da durch gekennzeichnet, PATENT CLAIM A method for starting up a hydroelectric machine set, in particular with a two-stage or multi-stage hydraulic machine, when the hydraulic machine is operated as a turbine, the hydraulic machine having a guide apparatus with adjustable guide vanes and a main closing element for the process water, as characterized by , dass der Leitapparat bei allen Betriebszuständen der hydraulischen Maschine min- Bestens auf 4 % der Vollastöffnung offengehalten wird und dass zum Anfahren zuerst das Hauptab- schlussorgan bei kleinster Leitapparatöffnung ganz geöffnet wird und danach die Turbine durch Ver stellen der Leitschaufeln auf die für das Parallel schalten der elektrischen Maschine mit dem Netz erforderliche Drehzahl geregelt wird. that the diffuser is kept open at least 4% of the full load opening in all operating states of the hydraulic machine and that for start-up first the main closing element is fully opened with the smallest diffuser opening and then the turbine by adjusting the guide vanes to the ones for parallel switching electrical machine with the network required speed is regulated. UNTERANSPRUCH Verfahren nach Patentanspruch, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass das Hauptabschlussorgan im Bereich der der kleinsten Leitapparatöffnung entsprechenden Öff nung langsam und ausserhalb dieses Bereichs schnel ler geöffnet wird. SUBCLAIM Method according to claim, characterized in that the main closing element is opened slowly in the area of the opening corresponding to the smallest diffuser opening and faster outside this area.
CH1032162A 1962-08-30 1962-08-30 Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set CH395898A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1032162A CH395898A (en) 1962-08-30 1962-08-30 Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set
DEE24000A DE1300479B (en) 1962-08-30 1962-12-12 Adjustable diffuser for water turbines coupled with electrical machines
AT665163A AT243203B (en) 1962-08-30 1963-08-20 Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1032162A CH395898A (en) 1962-08-30 1962-08-30 Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH395898A true CH395898A (en) 1965-07-15

Family

ID=4361940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH1032162A CH395898A (en) 1962-08-30 1962-08-30 Method for commissioning a hydroelectric machine set

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AT (1) AT243203B (en)
CH (1) CH395898A (en)
DE (1) DE1300479B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2439316A1 (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-05-16 Neyrpic IMPROVEMENT AT STARTING OF PUMPS OR TURBINE PUMPS

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2365210A1 (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-14 Textilma AG Water turbine control device and electricity generator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2439316A1 (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-05-16 Neyrpic IMPROVEMENT AT STARTING OF PUMPS OR TURBINE PUMPS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT243203B (en) 1965-10-25
DE1300479B (en) 1969-07-31

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