CH329736A - Process for removing low molecular weight fractions from polymerized e-amino-caprolactam - Google Patents
Process for removing low molecular weight fractions from polymerized e-amino-caprolactamInfo
- Publication number
- CH329736A CH329736A CH329736DA CH329736A CH 329736 A CH329736 A CH 329736A CH 329736D A CH329736D A CH 329736DA CH 329736 A CH329736 A CH 329736A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- molecular weight
- low molecular
- weight fractions
- amino
- polymerized
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002684 aminocaproic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/46—Post-polymerisation treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Description
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Verfahren zum Entfernen niedermolekularer Anteile aus polymerisiertem 8-Amino-caprolactam Bei der Polymerisation von e-Amino-eapro- lactam zu hochmolekularem Polyamid, das zu kaltvcrstreekbaren Fäden, Folien, Bändern und dergleichen verarbeitet werden kann, entstellt regelmässig ein Produkt, das noch er- hebliclie Mengen niedermolekularer Anteile enthält.
Diese niedermolekularen Anteile bestehen hauptsächlich aus monomerem, dimerem und trimerem Laetam und stören bei der Weiterverarbeitung, insbesondere bei der Ver- streckung der aus dem Polymerisat leergestell- ten Gebilde.
Um diesem Mangel abzuhelfen, hat man in der Praxis bisher diese niedermolekularen Bestandteile mit Hilfe von Wasser bis zur Erreiehung der vorgeschriebenen Extraktionswerte, die je nach dem technischen Einsatz der Gebilde für technische Seide oder Strumpfseide zwischen 1,5 und 2,5 /o liegen, herausgezogen. Diese Art der Extraktion hat den Nachteil, dass auch ein Teil des Stabilisators herausge- wässert wird und das Polymerisat nach dem Extrahieren wieder völlig entwässert werden muss. Ausserdem müssen zur -N\'iederge@vin- nung der immerhin erheblichen Laetammen- gen grosse Wasservolumina eingedampft. werden.
Es ist. auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, die niedermolekularen Anteile durch Vakuumdestillation zu entfernen. Abgesehen davon, dass dieses Verfahren. längere Zeit beanspru- eben würde, besteht der Nachteil hierbei darin, dass beim Arbeiten im Vakuum leicht Sauerstoff in die geschmolzene Masse gelangen kann und das Polymerisat dadurch unbrauchbar wird.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man auf einfache, sichere und wirtschaftliche Weise die niedermolekularen Anteile aus polymerisiertem a-Amino-caprolactam entfernen bzw. auf jeden gewünschten Prozentsatz senken kann, wenn man durch das geschmolzene hochpolymerisierte Caprolactam ein trockenes inertes Gas in feinverteilter Form hindurehleitet. Die Extraktion lässt sich dabei um so schneller durchführen, je stärker der Strom des inerten Gases gehalten wird. Als inertes Gas, das heisst als Gas, das unter den Bedingungen des Lactamentfernens nicht mit dem Polymerisat chemisch reagiert, eignet sich zum Beispiel hochgereinigter Stickstoff oder Wasserstoff.
Rühren während des Durchleitens begünstigt den Prozess. Um ein Abkühlen der Schmelze zu vermeiden, ist es vorteilhaft, das Gas vor dem Einleiten vorzuwärmen. Die nach beendeter Behandlung in dem Polymerisat verbliebenen Gasbläschen können mit den dafür üblichen Methoden entfernt werden. Durch geeignete Massnahmen, beispielsweise Absorption, kann man die nie-. dermolekularen Anteile nach dem Abkühlen in
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bekannter Weise aus dem durchgeleiteten Gas gewinnen, das dann vorteilhaft in einem Gasometer aufgefangen wird, in dem es zum Reinigen weiterer Polvmerisatmengen zur Verfügung steht.
Beispiel 1 Ein durch Polymerisation von s-Amino- caprolaetam in Anwesenheit von Essigsäure als Stabilisator und E-Amino-capronsäure als Beschleuniger erhaltenes Polymerisat mit 10 bis 12 /o niedermolekularen, Anteilen (monomeres, dimeres und trimeres Lactam) wird auf 280 erhitzt. Unter lebhaftem Rühren wird ein starker Strom von feinverteiltem und vorher auf 280 vorgewärmtem sauerstofffreiem Stickstoff durch die geschmolzene Masse geleitet. Nach etwa. 30 Minuten enthält das Polymerisat noch etwa 1,5 /o niedermolekulare Anteile.
Man entgast die Schmelze durch Anlegen eines Vakuums (bzw. indem man sie während kurzer Zeit einem Unterdruck aussetzt) oder indem man sie zum Beispiel zwischen zwei Spinnpumpen kurze Zeit unter hohen Druck setzt. Beispiel 2 Durch eine nach dem sogenannten VK- Verfahren auf kontinuierlichem Wege aus e-Amino-caprolactam hergestellte und im letzten Abschnitt. bzw. in einem separaten Teil des Rohres befindliche Polyamidsclimelze wird, wie in Beispiel 1 angegeben, feinverteilter, reinster Wasserstoff geleitet.
Nach Passieren einer I:ntgastingszone kann das Poli-merisat, das nun weniger als 2 /o niedermolekulai e Anteile enthält., kontinuierlich zu Fäden versponnen werden.
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Process for removing low molecular weight fractions from polymerized 8-amino-caprolactam During the polymerization of e-amino-eaprolactam to form high-molecular polyamide, which can be processed into cold-cross-stretchable threads, films, tapes and the like, a product that can still be Contains hebliclie amounts of low molecular weight fractions.
These low molecular weight fractions mainly consist of monomeric, dimeric and trimeric laetam and interfere with further processing, in particular with the stretching of the structures made empty from the polymer.
In order to remedy this deficiency, these low molecular weight components have been used in practice until the prescribed extraction values have been reached, which are between 1.5 and 2.5 / o depending on the technical use of the structures for technical silk or stocking silk, pulled out. This type of extraction has the disadvantage that part of the stabilizer is also watered out and the polymer has to be completely drained again after extraction. In addition, large volumes of water have to be evaporated in order to reduce the considerable amounts of water. will.
It is. It has also been proposed to remove the low molecular weight fractions by vacuum distillation. Besides that this procedure. The disadvantage here is that, when working in a vacuum, oxygen can easily get into the molten mass and the polymer becomes unusable.
It has now been found that the low molecular weight fractions of polymerized a-amino-caprolactam can be removed or reduced to any desired percentage in a simple, safe and economical manner if a dry, inert gas in finely divided form is passed through the melted, highly polymerized caprolactam. The extraction can be carried out faster, the stronger the flow of inert gas is kept. Highly purified nitrogen or hydrogen, for example, is suitable as an inert gas, i.e. a gas that does not react chemically with the polymer under the conditions in which the lactam is removed.
Stirring while passing it through promotes the process. To prevent the melt from cooling down, it is advantageous to preheat the gas before it is introduced. The gas bubbles remaining in the polymer after the treatment has ended can be removed using the methods customary for this purpose. By taking appropriate measures, such as absorption, you can never-. of the molecular fractions after cooling in
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win in a known manner from the gas passed through, which is then advantageously collected in a gasometer, in which it is available for cleaning further quantities of Polvmerisat.
EXAMPLE 1 A polymer obtained by polymerizing s-aminocaprolaetam in the presence of acetic acid as a stabilizer and ε-aminocaproic acid as an accelerator and having 10 to 12 / o low molecular weight fractions (monomeric, dimeric and trimeric lactam) is heated to 280. With vigorous stirring, a strong stream of finely divided oxygen-free nitrogen previously preheated to 280 is passed through the molten mass. After about. For 30 minutes the polymer still contains about 1.5 / o low molecular weight fractions.
The melt is degassed by applying a vacuum (or by exposing it to negative pressure for a short time) or by placing it under high pressure for a short time between two spinning pumps, for example. EXAMPLE 2 By a continuous route from e-amino-caprolactam by the so-called VK process and in the last section. or in a separate part of the tube polyamide glue is, as indicated in Example 1, passed through finely divided, pure hydrogen.
After passing through an injection zone, the polymer, which now contains less than 2 / o low molecular weight fractions, can be continuously spun into threads.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEV6862A DE1030993B (en) | 1954-02-15 | 1954-02-15 | Process for removing low molecular weight fractions from polymerized ªŠ-caprolactam |
GB23445/54A GB775888A (en) | 1954-02-15 | 1954-08-12 | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of polymerised -e-caprolactam |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH329736A true CH329736A (en) | 1958-05-15 |
Family
ID=29421430
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH329736D CH329736A (en) | 1954-02-15 | 1954-05-22 | Process for removing low molecular weight fractions from polymerized e-amino-caprolactam |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH329736A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1030993B (en) |
GB (1) | GB775888A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2952675A (en) * | 1958-07-01 | 1960-09-13 | Inventa A G Fur Forschun Und P | Process of recovering epsilon-caprolactam from its polymer |
US3109835A (en) * | 1958-10-08 | 1963-11-05 | Allied Chem | Process for producing ultrahigh viscosity polycaprolactam |
DE1265413B (en) * | 1963-06-06 | 1968-04-04 | Glanzstoff Ag | Process to increase the solution viscosity of polyamides |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE748253C (en) * | 1938-06-10 | 1944-10-30 | Process for the production of deformable high molecular weight polyamides | |
FR957390A (en) * | 1946-08-22 | 1950-02-18 | ||
BE497507A (en) * | 1949-11-07 |
-
1954
- 1954-02-15 DE DEV6862A patent/DE1030993B/en active Pending
- 1954-05-22 CH CH329736D patent/CH329736A/en unknown
- 1954-08-12 GB GB23445/54A patent/GB775888A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1030993B (en) | 1958-05-29 |
GB775888A (en) | 1957-05-29 |
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