CH286174A - Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. - Google Patents
Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate.Info
- Publication number
- CH286174A CH286174A CH286174DA CH286174A CH 286174 A CH286174 A CH 286174A CH 286174D A CH286174D A CH 286174DA CH 286174 A CH286174 A CH 286174A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- layers
- making
- oxides
- same
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
- C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
Zur Reflexionsverminderung an der Oberfläche eines Trägers dienender, aus mehreren Schichten bestehender Überzug und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben. Es ist bekannt, die an Oberflächen durch sichtiger Körper, insbesondere von Gläsern, auftretende Reflexion durch Aufbringen min destens einer zu Interferenzerscheinungen führenden Schicht zu vermindern, wobei mit tels mehrerer übereinander angeordneter dün ner Schichten die Reflexion noch weiter ver mindert werden kann. Wenigstens einzelne der hierbei als Bauelemente übereinander an geordneten dünnen Schichten sollen dabei hohe Brechzahlen aufweisen.
Es ist auch schon bekannt, dünne Schich ten dieser Art mit hohen Brechzahlen durch Kathodenzerstäubimg geeigneter Stoffe oder mit Hilfe von Gaszersetzungen zu erzeugen. Beide Verfahren bedingen aber hohe Arbeits temperaturen, welche auf die zu behandeln den Gegenstände, beispielsweise verkittete Linsen, einen schädlichen Einfluss auszuüben vermögen.
Das Herstellen dünner Schichten hoher Brechzahl durch Verdampfen von Stoffen im Hoehvakuiun, z. B. von Schwermetalloxyden, ist bis heute daran gescheitert, dass im Kon densat Mischoxyde entstehen, welche hohes Absorptionsvermögen besitzen, so dass die Schichten unbrauchbar werden.
Es ist Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, die geschilderten Nachteile und Schwierigkei ten zu beseitigen.
Ein zur Reflexionsverminderung an der Oberfläche eines Trägers dienender, aus mehre ren Schichten bestehender Überzug kennzeich net sieh erfindungsgemäss dadurch, dass eine der Schichten aus Oxyden der seltenen Erd- metalle, insbesondere aus Ceriumoxyd (Ce02), besteht.
Genaue Untersuchungen und Erprobun gen haben gezeigt, dass sich Ceriumoxyd und die ähnliche Eigenschaften aufweisenden , Oxyde der übrigen seltenen Erdmetalle in aussergewöhnlich hohem Masse zur Herstel lung dünner, praktisch absorptionsfreier Schichten mit hohen optischen Brechzahlen eignen.
Insbesondere lassen sich Ceriumoxyd , und andere Oxyde der seltenen Erdmetalle durch Verdampfen im Hochvakuum zu den gewünschten dünnen Schichten verarbeiten, wobei sie auch im Kondensat im wesentlichen unverändert vorliegen und keine nennenswerte Absorptionsfähigkeit aufweisen. Daher wird vorgeschlagen,
die aus Oxyden der seltenen Erdmetalle bestehende Einzelschicht durch Verdampfen des Ausgangsstoffes im Hoch vakuum und durch Niederschlagen des Damp fes auf der Unterlage, sei es, dass diese aus dem Träger, sei es, dass sie aus einer bereits aufgebrachten, andern Einzelschicht besteht, als Kondensat zu erzeugen. Als Hochvakuum wird dabei das Gebiet der Drücke verstanden, die gleich oder kleiner sind als 1 X 10-3 mm Hg.
Ceriumoxyd im besonderen ist sehr hart und daher mechanisch widerstandsfähig, ver bindet sich mit Glasoberflächen zu äusserst festen Belägen und verträgt sich ausgezeich- i net mit Metallfluoridschichten, welche als Bauelemente niederer Brechzahl zur Re flexionsverminderung allgemein verwendet werden.
Ceriumoayd stellt auch in wirtschaft- licher Hinsicht einen günstigen AusgAngs- stoff. dar, weil er niedrige Gestehungskosten verursacht.
Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. It is known to reduce the reflection occurring on surfaces through visible bodies, in particular of glasses, by applying at least one layer leading to interference phenomena, the reflection can be further reduced by means of several superimposed thin layers. At least some of the thin layers arranged one above the other as components should have high refractive indices.
It is also already known that thin layers of this type with high refractive indices can be produced by cathodic atomization of suitable substances or with the aid of gas decomposition. Both methods, however, require high working temperatures, which are able to exert a harmful influence on the objects to be treated, for example cemented lenses.
The production of thin layers of high refractive index by evaporation of substances in the Hoehvakuiun, z. B. of heavy metal oxides, has failed to this day because mixed oxides are formed in the condensate, which have high absorption capacity, so that the layers are unusable.
It is the object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages and difficulties described.
A coating which is used to reduce the reflection on the surface of a carrier and consists of several layers is characterized according to the invention in that one of the layers consists of oxides of the rare earth metals, in particular of cerium oxide (CeO2).
Exact investigations and tests have shown that cerium oxide and the oxides of the other rare earth metals, which have similar properties, are extremely suitable for the production of thin, practically absorption-free layers with high optical refractive indices.
In particular, cerium oxide and other oxides of rare earth metals can be processed into the desired thin layers by evaporation in a high vacuum, whereby they are also essentially unchanged in the condensate and have no significant absorption capacity. It is therefore suggested that
the single layer consisting of oxides of the rare earth metals by evaporation of the starting material in a high vacuum and by depositing the vapor on the substrate, be it that this consists of the carrier or that it consists of another single layer that has already been applied, as condensate to create. High vacuum is understood to be the area of pressures that are equal to or less than 1 X 10-3 mm Hg.
Cerium oxide in particular is very hard and therefore mechanically resistant, bonds with glass surfaces to form extremely solid coverings and is extremely compatible with metal fluoride layers, which are generally used as components with a low refractive index to reduce reflections.
Cerium oxide is also an economical starting material. because it has low prime costs.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH286174T | 1950-04-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH286174A true CH286174A (en) | 1952-10-15 |
Family
ID=4485272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH286174D CH286174A (en) | 1950-04-08 | 1950-04-08 | Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH286174A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2964427A (en) * | 1957-03-08 | 1960-12-13 | Geraetebau Anstalt | Ultra-violet filter |
-
1950
- 1950-04-08 CH CH286174D patent/CH286174A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2964427A (en) * | 1957-03-08 | 1960-12-13 | Geraetebau Anstalt | Ultra-violet filter |
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