CH286174A - Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. - Google Patents

Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate.

Info

Publication number
CH286174A
CH286174A CH286174DA CH286174A CH 286174 A CH286174 A CH 286174A CH 286174D A CH286174D A CH 286174DA CH 286174 A CH286174 A CH 286174A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
substrate
layers
making
oxides
same
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Alois Dr Vogt
Original Assignee
Alois Dr Vogt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alois Dr Vogt filed Critical Alois Dr Vogt
Publication of CH286174A publication Critical patent/CH286174A/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

  

  Zur Reflexionsverminderung an der Oberfläche eines Trägers dienender,  aus mehreren Schichten bestehender Überzug und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben.    Es ist bekannt, die an Oberflächen durch  sichtiger Körper, insbesondere von Gläsern,  auftretende Reflexion durch Aufbringen min  destens einer zu     Interferenzerscheinungen     führenden Schicht zu vermindern, wobei mit  tels mehrerer übereinander angeordneter dün  ner Schichten die Reflexion noch weiter ver  mindert werden kann. Wenigstens     einzelne     der hierbei als Bauelemente übereinander an  geordneten dünnen Schichten sollen dabei  hohe Brechzahlen aufweisen.  



  Es ist auch schon     bekannt,    dünne Schich  ten dieser Art mit hohen     Brechzahlen    durch       Kathodenzerstäubimg    geeigneter Stoffe oder  mit Hilfe von     Gaszersetzungen    zu erzeugen.  Beide Verfahren bedingen aber hohe Arbeits  temperaturen, welche auf die zu behandeln  den Gegenstände, beispielsweise verkittete  Linsen, einen     schädlichen        Einfluss    auszuüben  vermögen.  



  Das Herstellen dünner Schichten hoher  Brechzahl     durch    Verdampfen von Stoffen im       Hoehvakuiun,    z. B. von     Schwermetalloxyden,     ist bis heute daran gescheitert, dass     im    Kon  densat Mischoxyde entstehen, welche hohes  Absorptionsvermögen besitzen, so dass die  Schichten unbrauchbar werden.  



  Es ist Aufgabe vorliegender     Erfindung,     die geschilderten Nachteile     und    Schwierigkei  ten zu beseitigen.  



  Ein zur     Reflexionsverminderung    an der  Oberfläche eines Trägers     dienender,    aus mehre  ren Schichten bestehender Überzug kennzeich  net sieh erfindungsgemäss dadurch, dass eine    der Schichten aus Oxyden der seltenen     Erd-          metalle,    insbesondere aus     Ceriumoxyd        (Ce02),     besteht.  



  Genaue Untersuchungen und Erprobun  gen haben gezeigt, dass sich     Ceriumoxyd    und  die ähnliche Eigenschaften aufweisenden ,  Oxyde der übrigen seltenen Erdmetalle in  aussergewöhnlich hohem Masse zur Herstel  lung dünner, praktisch     absorptionsfreier     Schichten mit hohen optischen Brechzahlen  eignen.

   Insbesondere lassen sich     Ceriumoxyd    ,  und andere Oxyde der seltenen     Erdmetalle     durch Verdampfen im     Hochvakuum    zu den       gewünschten        dünnen    Schichten verarbeiten,  wobei sie auch im     Kondensat    im     wesentlichen          unverändert    vorliegen     und    keine     nennenswerte     Absorptionsfähigkeit     aufweisen.    Daher wird  vorgeschlagen,

   die aus     Oxyden    der seltenen  Erdmetalle bestehende Einzelschicht durch  Verdampfen des     Ausgangsstoffes    im Hoch  vakuum und durch Niederschlagen des Damp  fes auf der Unterlage, sei es, dass diese aus  dem Träger, sei es, dass sie aus einer bereits  aufgebrachten, andern     Einzelschicht    besteht,       als        Kondensat    zu erzeugen.     Als        Hochvakuum     wird dabei das Gebiet der Drücke verstanden,  die gleich oder kleiner sind als 1 X     10-3    mm     Hg.     



       Ceriumoxyd    im     besonderen    ist     sehr    hart  und daher mechanisch widerstandsfähig, ver  bindet sich mit Glasoberflächen zu     äusserst     festen Belägen und verträgt sich     ausgezeich-        i          net    mit     Metallfluoridschichten,    welche als  Bauelemente niederer Brechzahl     zur    Re  flexionsverminderung allgemein verwendet      werden.

       Ceriumoayd    stellt auch in     wirtschaft-          licher        Hinsicht    einen     günstigen        AusgAngs-          stoff.    dar, weil er niedrige Gestehungskosten  verursacht.



  Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. It is known to reduce the reflection occurring on surfaces through visible bodies, in particular of glasses, by applying at least one layer leading to interference phenomena, the reflection can be further reduced by means of several superimposed thin layers. At least some of the thin layers arranged one above the other as components should have high refractive indices.



  It is also already known that thin layers of this type with high refractive indices can be produced by cathodic atomization of suitable substances or with the aid of gas decomposition. Both methods, however, require high working temperatures, which are able to exert a harmful influence on the objects to be treated, for example cemented lenses.



  The production of thin layers of high refractive index by evaporation of substances in the Hoehvakuiun, z. B. of heavy metal oxides, has failed to this day because mixed oxides are formed in the condensate, which have high absorption capacity, so that the layers are unusable.



  It is the object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantages and difficulties described.



  A coating which is used to reduce the reflection on the surface of a carrier and consists of several layers is characterized according to the invention in that one of the layers consists of oxides of the rare earth metals, in particular of cerium oxide (CeO2).



  Exact investigations and tests have shown that cerium oxide and the oxides of the other rare earth metals, which have similar properties, are extremely suitable for the production of thin, practically absorption-free layers with high optical refractive indices.

   In particular, cerium oxide and other oxides of rare earth metals can be processed into the desired thin layers by evaporation in a high vacuum, whereby they are also essentially unchanged in the condensate and have no significant absorption capacity. It is therefore suggested that

   the single layer consisting of oxides of the rare earth metals by evaporation of the starting material in a high vacuum and by depositing the vapor on the substrate, be it that this consists of the carrier or that it consists of another single layer that has already been applied, as condensate to create. High vacuum is understood to be the area of pressures that are equal to or less than 1 X 10-3 mm Hg.



       Cerium oxide in particular is very hard and therefore mechanically resistant, bonds with glass surfaces to form extremely solid coverings and is extremely compatible with metal fluoride layers, which are generally used as components with a low refractive index to reduce reflections.

       Cerium oxide is also an economical starting material. because it has low prime costs.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: _ I. Zur Reflexionsverminderung- an der Oberfläche eines Trägers dienender, aus meh reren Schichten bestehender Überzug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Schichten aus. Oxyden der seltenen Erdmetalle besteht. II. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus mehreren Schichten bestehenden Überzuges nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeich net, dass die aus Oxyden der seltenen Erd- metalle bestehende Einzelschicht :durch Ver dampfen des Ausgangsstoffes im Hochvakuum und durch Niederschlagen des Dampfes auf der Unterlage als Kondensat erzeugt wird. PATENT CLAIMS: I. For the reduction of reflections on the surface of a support serving, consisting of several layers, characterized in that one of the layers consists of. Oxides of the rare earth metals. II. A method for producing a coating consisting of several layers according to claim I, characterized in that the single layer consisting of oxides of the rare earth metals: is generated as condensate by evaporating the starting material in a high vacuum and by depositing the steam on the base . UNTERANSPRÜCHE: _ _ 1.<B>-</B>Überzug nach Patentanspruch I, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Schich ten aus Ceriumoxyd (Ce02) besteht. 2. Überzug nach Patentanspruch I, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oxydschicht an eine Metallfluoridschicht angrenzt. SUBClaims: _ _ 1. <B> - </B> Coating according to claim I, characterized in that one of the layers consists of cerium oxide (Ce02). 2. Coating according to claim I, characterized in that the oxide layer is adjacent to a metal fluoride layer.
CH286174D 1950-04-08 1950-04-08 Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate. CH286174A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH286174T 1950-04-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH286174A true CH286174A (en) 1952-10-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH286174D CH286174A (en) 1950-04-08 1950-04-08 Multi-layer coating and method of making the same to reduce reflection from the surface of a substrate.

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH286174A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2964427A (en) * 1957-03-08 1960-12-13 Geraetebau Anstalt Ultra-violet filter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2964427A (en) * 1957-03-08 1960-12-13 Geraetebau Anstalt Ultra-violet filter

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