CH191896A

CH191896A - Process for manufacturing molded objects and object obtained by this process.

Info

Publication number: CH191896A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Chappuis Daniel
Original assignee: Chappuis Daniel
Priority date: 1936-11-04
Filing date: 1936-11-04
Publication date: 1937-07-15

Description

Procede de fabrication d'objets moules et objet obtenu par ce procf. La presente Invention comprend un pro- c6d6 de fabrication d'objets moules sous pres- sion, en au moins une matiere d'origine v6ge- tale, et Fobjet obtenu par ce procede. Process for manufacturing molded objects and object obtained by this process. The present invention comprises a process for the manufacture of molded objects under pressure, in at least one material of vegetable origin, and the object obtained by this process.

0n sait que Fon a dejä fabrique des objets moules sous pression, par exemple des br@- quettes combustibles, en comprimant des de- chets de bois (sciure, copaux) n'ayant Bubi aucune preparation speciale, mais les objets obtenus jusqu'ä ce jour n'etaient pas suffi- samment resistants au point de vue mecani- que pour pouvoir etre utilises ä un grand nombre d'usages. It is known that Fon has already produced die-cast objects, for example combustible briquettes, by compressing waste wood (sawdust, shavings) without having had any special preparation, but the objects obtained up to to date were not strong enough from a mechanical point of view to be able to be used for a large number of purposes.

Dans 1e procede de fabrication selon Fin- vention, an comprime ä chaud une masse for- mee, au moins dans sa plus grande partie, de particules de matiere d'origine vegetale, telles que des particules de bois, de tourbe, etc., cette masse etant ä un degre de seche- resse correspondant ä, pas plus de 101'o en poids d'humidite, la substance soumiese ä la compression etant ainsi pratiquement seche. In the manufacturing process according to the invention, a hot-compresses a mass formed, at least in its major part, of particles of matter of vegetable origin, such as particles of wood, peat, etc., this mass being at a degree of dryness corresponding to not more than 101% by weight of humidity, the substance subjected to the compression thus being practically dry.

0n a en effet constate qu'en utilisant une substa.nce ä mouler pratiquement seche, ne contenant de preference que 8 % d'humidite au maximum, an peut comprimer cette sub- stance ä chaud et obtenir des objets durs, resistants mecaniquement et, selon la matiere choisie, isolants de 1'electricite et de la cha- leur. It has in fact been observed that by using a substance to be molded which is practically dry, preferably containing only 8% of humidity at the most, one can compress this substance when hot and obtain hard, mechanically resistant objects and, depending on the material chosen, electrical and heat insulators.

Lorsque 1'on desire obtenir des objets de raute resistance mecanique, an peut ajouter un liant sec aux particules ä comprimer, de maniere ä obtenir un melange particules- liant qui soit pratiquement sec. When it is desired to obtain objects of high mechanical resistance, a dry binder can be added to the particles to be compressed, so as to obtain a particle-binder mixture which is practically dry.

Comme matiere vegetale, an peut utili- ser du bois, de la tourbe, etc. Les particules pourront etre de Fordre de grandeur allant de la poudre impalpable jusqu'aux fibres. Dans la substance d'origine vegetale soumise ä. la compression, les particules pourront etre de la poudre, des fibres ou un melange ä Pro portion variable de poudre et de fibres selon la resistance mecanique que Fon desire obte- nir pour Fobjet fini, les fibres augmentant la resistance en formant armature. As plant material, an can use wood, peat, etc. The particles may be of the order of magnitude ranging from impalpable powder to fibres. In the substance of vegetable origin subjected to ä. compression, the particles may be powder, fibers or a variable proportion mixture of powder and fibers depending on the mechanical resistance that one wishes to obtain for the finished object, the fibers increasing the resistance by forming reinforcement.

Le liant sec melange de preference aux particules peut etre de la poudre de bakelite, du boras, de la résine, etc.; il peut être uti lisé en proportion allant de 1 à 10 % du poids du mélange particules-liant à comprimer. The dry binder preferably mixed with the particles can be bakelite powder, boras, resin, etc.; it can be used in a proportion ranging from 1 to 10% of the weight of the particle-binder mixture to be compressed.

Voici, par exemple, comment on peut fa briquer des objets moulés à partir de parti cules de bois: On sèche les particules de bois (sciure, menus copeaux) jusqu'à ce qu'elles ne con tiennent plus que 8 % d'humidité. On passe ces particules dans un moulin séparateur pour les calibrer et les trier selon leur grosseur. On peut ensuite mélanger les particules de plusieurs grosseurs, en proportions variables pour obtenir un mélange de particules adap tées à la fabrication que l'on désire exécuter. Here, for example, is how molded objects can be made from wood particles: The wood particles (sawdust, fine shavings) are dried until they contain no more than 8% moisture . These particles are passed through a separator mill to calibrate them and sort them according to their size. One can then mix the particles of several sizes, in variable proportions to obtain a mixture of particles adapted to the manufacture that one wishes to carry out.

Une fois les particules de bois séchées, on y- ajoute de la poudre de bakélite à raison de 3 gr de bakélite pour 37 gr de particules de bois. Ce mélange peut être séché encore une fois si nécessaire, par exemple s'il n'a pas été utilisé immédiatement après sa prépa ration. Once the wood particles have dried, bakelite powder is added to it at the rate of 3 g of bakelite for 37 g of wood particles. This mixture can be dried once more if necessary, for example if it was not used immediately after its preparation.

Le mélange est placé dans des moules chauffés à 200 C et comprimé à une pres sion de 200 à300 atmosphères par em2. The mixture is placed in molds heated to 200 C and compressed to a pressure of 200 to 300 atmospheres per em2.

Au lieu de poudre de bakélite, on pour rait ajouter aux particules de bois séchées une résine naturelle et en particulier de la résine de même essence que le bois des par ticules; on obtient ainsi des objets très durs (résistance à l'usure supérieure à celle du calcaire dur) tout à fait remarquables par leurs qualités isolantes et de solidité. Instead of Bakelite powder, one could add to the dried wood particles a natural resin and in particular resin of the same essence as the wood of the particles; one thus obtains very hard objects (resistance to wear greater than that of hard limestone) quite remarkable for their insulating qualities and solidity.

Les objets obtenus par le présent procédé peuvent, par moulage, être formés avec parties en relief ou en creux, donc présenter des inscriptions, motifs décoratifs, ete. Ces ob jets peuvent être des plaques, des panneaux, etc., utilisés en construction, des récipients, tels que des boîtes d'appareils de radio, de pendules, etc. The objects obtained by this process can, by molding, be formed with raised or recessed parts, therefore have inscriptions, decorative patterns, ete. These objects can be plates, panels, etc., used in construction, receptacles, such as boxes for radio apparatus, clocks, etc.

Ces objets ont l'avantage d'être relative ment légers, imperméables et bon marché à fabriquer. Grâce à la forte compression uti lisée pendant la fabrication, ils sont relati vement incombustibles; pour les rendre tout à fait incombustibles, on peut ajouter au mé- lange particules-liant un produit ignifugeant. On peut aussi ajouter à ce mélange un colo rant. These objects have the advantage of being relatively light, waterproof and cheap to manufacture. Thanks to the high compression used during manufacture, they are relatively incombustible; to make them completely incombustible, a flame retardant product can be added to the particle-binder mixture. You can also add a coloring agent to this mixture.

Claims

CLAIMS I Process for the manufacture of objects molded under pressure, in at least one material of plant origin, according to which at least one formed mass is hot compressed. in its greater part, of particles of material of vegetable origin, characterized in that this mass is at a degree of dryness corresponding to not more than 10% by weight of humidity, the substance subjected to compression being practically dry. II Molded object, obtained according to the process of claim I. SUB-CLAIMS 1 Process according to claim I, in which a mass formed of said particles mixed with a binder is compressed.

A method according to claim 1, wherein the particles of material used have a degree of dryness corresponding to not more than 8% by weight. humidity.

3 Method according to claim 1 and sub-claim 1, in which the binder is bakelite powder.

4 A method according to claim 1 and sub-claim 1, wherein the binder is boras.

5 Process according to claim 1 and sub-claim 1, in which the binder is used in a proportion of 1 to 10% of the particle-binder mixture.

6 Process according to claim 1, in which the material of plant origin is wood.

7 Process according to claim 1, in which the material of plant origin is peat.

8 A method according to claim 1, wherein said particles are a powder.

9 A method according to claim 1, wherein said particles are fibers.

10 A method according to claim 1, wherein said mixture particles comprise powder and fibers.

11 Process according to claim I, in which the mixture is compressed at a pressure of 200 to 300 atmospheres per cm2.

12 The method of claim I, wherein the mixture is compressed at a temperature of 200 C.

13 A method according to claim I and sub-claim 1, wherein the particles of material are dried before mixing them with the binder.