CH178919A

CH178919A - Articulated dummy.

Info

Publication number: CH178919A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Phliponeau Emile; Clesinger Marcel
Original assignee: Phliponeau Emile; Clesinger Marcel
Priority date: 1933-08-17
Filing date: 1934-07-05
Publication date: 1935-08-15

Description

lüannequin articule. the articulated annequin.

Les mann.equins articules presentent 1'in conv6nient :de ne pouvoir representer qu'un Petit nombre d'attitudes tres simples du.corps de 1'etre qu'ils representent. Ce defaut tient principal:ement au nombre insuffisant des articulations, et aus si ä leur :disposition. En outre, les attitudes ainsi reproduites sont peu naturelles, pour 1a. meme raison. La presente invention a pour but de remedier ä :cet incon v6nient et a pour objet un mannequin arti cule qui est caracterise en ce qu'il :comporte une armature en constituant 1e squelette et qui presente des articulations entre ses dif ferentes Parties, aux endroits correspondant aux articulations de 1'etre vivant que 1e man nequin represente, res articulations etant dis posees de telle fa(#on que n'importe quelle attitude du :corps de 1'etre vivant represente par 1e mannequin pui:sse etre fidelement re produite par ce dernier. Articulated manikins have the disadvantage of only being able to represent a small number of very simple attitudes of the body of the being they represent. This defect is mainly due to the insufficient number of joints, and also to their arrangement. In addition, the attitudes thus reproduced are unnatural for 1a. same reason. The purpose of the present invention is to remedy this incon v6nient and has as its object an articulated dummy which is characterized in that it: comprises an armature by constituting the first skeleton and which presents joints between its various Parts, at the places corresponding to the joints of the living being that the dummy represents, the joints being arranged in such a way that any attitude of the body of the living being represented by the dummy can be faithfully reproduced by the latter.

Le dessin annexe represente, ä. titre d'exemple, une forme d'execution et une va riante du mannequin, suivant Pinvention. The accompanying drawing represents, ä. By way of example, a form of execution and a laughing version of the dummy, according to the invention.

La fig. 1 represente .rette forme d'exAcu tion en coupe verti.cale; an a indique sche matiquement en traits fins 1'armature inte rieure formant les a.rticulations; La fig. 2 est une coupe verticale :de 1'ar mature interieure; La fig. 3 montre 1e detail dune chape double; La fig. 4 montre 1e detail dune chape double comportant trois _axes.; La fig. 5 represente 1e detail du cou; La fig. 6 represente un cha.pe cylin drique La fig. 7 montre en coupe une variante; La fig. 3 montre un morceau de tube me tallique flexible qui pourra etre utilise .eon curremment avec les chapes, ou la variante de la fig. 7, notamment pour les mannequins de grandes dimensions; La fig. 9 represente 1e mode d'aesemblage des doigts. fig. 1 represents .rette form of exAcu tion in verti.cale section; an a shows schematically in fine lines the interior reinforcement forming the joints; fig. 2 is a vertical section: of the inner mature ar; fig. 3 shows the detail of a double clevis; fig. 4 shows the detail of a double yoke with three pins; fig. 5 represents the detail of the neck; fig. 6 represents a cylindrical cha.pe FIG. 7 shows a variant in section; fig. 3 shows a piece of flexible metallic tube which can be used .eon curremment with the yokes, or the variant of FIG. 7, especially for large mannequins; fig. 9 represents the first mode of assembly of the fingers.

Le squelette est compose dune facon ge nerale par une succession de chapes doubles. de chapes cylindriques, d'emboutis partielle- ment spheriqu.es .et de plaquettes arti.culc es entre eux, .comme il va etre explique ei-apris. The skeleton is generally composed of a succession of double forks. cylindrical yokes, partially spheriqu.es stampings .and arti.culc plates between them, .as will be explained ei-apris.

La colonne vertebrale 1 est constituee pair une succession .de .chapes doubles a .et triples. en acier trempe. The vertebral column 1 is formed pair a succession .of .screeds double to .and triple. hardened steel.

Chacune de ces chapes est composee, ainsi que 1e montre la fig. 3 en coupe, d'un double etrier metallique percd dune ouverture b per mettant 1e Passage d'un axe c traversant cha- que etrier de Part en Part, de ,sorte que les chapes sont reliks Tune ä 1'autre par les a--es c autour desquels elles oscillent ä frottement. Each of these screeds is composed, as shown in fig. 3 in section, of a double metal stirrup pierced with an opening b allowing the passage of a pin c passing through each stirrup from side to side, so that the yokes are connected one to the other by the a- -es c around which they oscillate with friction.

Une rondelle genre Groover X ou un res sort ä boudin XX ou encore une rondelle pleine XXX venant s'intercaler autoirr des axes de pivotement, permet un serräge plus ou moins dnergique. A Groover X type washer or a coil spring XX or even a full washer XXX intercalated around the pivot axes, allows more or less energetic tightening.

L'extremite superieure de 1a colonne ver tebrale est formee dune chape double do.nt 1'un des etriers (fig. 4) est plus Jong pour permettre d'y fixer une troisieme arti-cula- tion permettant de recevoir les epaules 3. Le bassin 13 vieret se fixer sirr une chape double ordinaire de la colonne vertebrale. The upper extremity of the vertebral column is formed of a double yoke in which one of the stirrups (fig. 4) is more Jong to allow a third joint to be fixed there, allowing the shoulders 3 to be received. The pelvis 13 can be fixed on an ordinary double clevis of the vertebral column.

Le cou (fig. 5) est .constitud de chapes doubles dont la derniere est eylindrique (fig. 5 et 6) et po.rte ä. 1'extrdmite de la Par tie cylindrique un leger sertissage d permet- tant de retenir ou d'enlever ä volonte 1a tete pour la changer. The neck (fig. 5) is .constitud of double yokes, the last of which is eylindrical (fig. 5 and 6) and po.rte ä. the extremity of the cylindrical part a slight crimp d enabling the head to be retained or removed at will in order to change it.

L'epaule 3 est constituee par une chape double a montee ä 1'interieur et ä 1'extdrieixr de 1a chape superieure extreme de la colonne vertebrale 1 et de deux ehapes eylindriques g etf. La chape cylindrique f Porte une rainure f' emboutie. The shoulder 3 is constituted by a double yoke mounted on the inside and on the outside of the extreme upper yoke of the vertebral column 1 and by two eylindrical yokes g and f. The cylindrical yoke f has a stamped f' groove.

La Partie cylindrique de la chape g est fendue dans 1e sens de la longueur et Ngere- ment serti .ä. son extr6mite, ce sertissage ve- nant prendre sa place dans la rainure em- boutie f'. The cylindrical yoke part g is split lengthwise and slightly crimped. its end, this crimping coming to take its place in the stamped groove f'.

Le bras 4 est eonstitue par une chape double eylindrique artieulee ä la ehape f de 1'dpaule. La Partie cylindrique de la chape est fendue sirr toute sa lo.ngueur et legere ment sertie ä. son extremite inferieure an The arm 4 is constituted by a double eylindrical yoke articulated to the yoke f of the shoulder. The cylindrical part of the yoke is split sirr its entire length and lightly crimped ä. its lower extremity an

elle vieret se fixer ä. une ehape double dont 1e centre est desaxe. it vieret to fix itself at. a double ehape whose first center is offset.

L'avant-bras 5 est constitue de la meme fagon que 1e bras. The forearm 5 is made in the same way as the arm.

Le poignet 6 est forme par une chape double. Wrist 6 is formed by a double yoke.

La main 7 est constituee par une Plaque 7 .dopt la Partie inferieure forme simple ehape; une chape simple i .est fixee ä, fric tion par un axe sur la Plaque et est destinee ä recevoir 1e pouc.e et une Plaque rapportee 1' ou un pliage 2' (fig. 9) permettra de re cevoir de petites chapes doubles destinees o-i recevoir les doigts. The hand 7 is constituted by a plate 7 .dopt the lower part forms simple ehape; a simple yoke i .is fixed to, friction by an axis on the Plate and is intended to receive the first inch and an attached Plate 1 'or a folding 2' (fig. 9) will make it possible to receive small double yokes intended to receive the fingers.

Les phalanges, phalangine.s et phalanget tes pourront etre constituees par de petites Plaques -d'a.cier trempe 3' reliees par de peti tes ron.delles Groover 4' ou de petites .char ni6res (fig. 9). Sur la fig. 2, quatre emboutis formant environ un tiers de sphere, -Ti#lj#' sont destines ä recevoir les doigts B. Ces doigts so.nt formes d'un cylin.dre 72 .dopt la Partie superieure j est recourbee et aplatie en forme de coupelle pour .etre fixee par un axe na sirr les emboutis spheriques K. Les phalangettes 8' et 8" formees -d'un cylindre aminci ä sa Base sont reliees entre ellas et ä. la phalange 8 par un axe. The phalanges, phalangines and phalangets may be made up of small 3' tempered steel plates connected by small 4' Groover washers or small .char ni6res (fig. 9). In fig. 2, four stampings forming about a third of a sphere, -Ti#lj#' are intended to receive the fingers B. These fingers are shaped like a cylinder 72 .dopt the upper part j is curved and flattened in the shape of a cup to be fixed by an axis na sirr the spherical stampings K. The phalangettes 8 'and 8 "formed -of a thinned cylinder at its base are connected between ellas and ä. the phalanx 8 by an axis.

Le bassin 13 est con.stitue comme 1'dpaule 3. Basin 13 is constituted like shoulder 3.

Le femur 9 est forme eomme 1e bras 4. Le tibia 10- est forme comme 1'avant bras 5. Femur 9 is shaped like arm 4. Tibia 10 is shaped like forearm 5.

La cheville 11 comme 1e poignet 6. Iie pied 12 comme la main 7. Ankle 11 as wrist 6. Foot 12 as hand 7.

Les, articulations peuvent etre egalemeut realisees de 1a fagon suivante (fig. 7) : un tube c dopt l.es ouvertures so.nt fraisees de fagon #ä permettre 1e logement -d'une Partie dune bille p percee de Part en Part et d'un tube q termine par deux ergots rr' auxquels est fixee, par un moyen connu, axe ou rivet, une bille s. A nette bille sont fixes, suivant un diametre perpendiculaire au prec6dent deux autres ergots tt' terminant un tube 2c. Les tubes et les billes. sont reunis entre eux et ä 1'extrdmite opposde par un ressort v (ou par uner vis.) qui, laissant 1e jeu normal au- tour des billes, permet cle realiser les mou- vements de rotation des billes. The joints can also be made in the following way (fig. 7): a tube c adopts the openings so.nt milled in such a way as to allow the first housing - of a part of a ball p pierced from side to side and of a tube q terminated by two lugs rr' to which is fixed, by a known means, pin or rivet, a ball s. A net ball are fixed, along a diameter perpendicular to the previous two other lugs tt' terminating a tube 2c. Tubes and balls. are joined together and at the opposite end by a spring v (or by a screw) which, leaving the normal play around the balls, allows the rotational movements of the balls to be carried out.

0n üoncoit aisement que, gräce ä. ces arti- culations et au fait que les articulations entre les differentes parties de 1'armature formant Je squelette du mannequin correspondent, en nombre et position, aux a.rti-culations de 1'etre vivant que 1e mannequin represente, toutes !es attitudes de la. vie peuvent etre fa- cilement et fidelement reproduites, les chapes doubles et le.s. chapes cylindriques permet- tant 1e mouvement dans tous les sens, confor- mement aux mouvements naturels. 0n üoncoit easily that, thanks to ä. these joints and to the fact that the joints between the different parts of the armature forming the skeleton of the dummy correspond, in number and position, to the joints of the living being that the dummy represents, all attitudes of the. life can be easily and faithfully reproduced, the double cages and the.s. Cylindrical yokes allowing movement in all directions, in accordance with natural movements.

Bien entendu, la presente invention ne se limite pas uniquement ä. 1a representation des Corps humains, mais elle permet de repr6sen- ter, par exemple, les animaux. Of course, the present invention is not limited solely to. the representation of human bodies, but it makes it possible to represent, for example, animals.

Le squelette ainsi compose Sera noye dann des materiaux tels. que matieres pla.stiques ou autre (par exemple de la aa,reosine). caraeterises dune facgn generale par une angmentation de consistance par sechage ou par abaissement de temperature, matieres qui reproduiront dune fagon exacte elles-me- mes, 1'homme ou les animaux de fagon ä. eta.blir un mannequin qui pourra rendre les plus Brands services aux artistes, aux eou- turiers qui ne peuvent pas toujours avoir un modele vivant ä. leur disposition, aux Atala- gistes qui auront ainsi la. possibilite de re- produire tour les mouvements de la. vie, en evitant la. raideur et 1'aspect fige habituel des mannequins. La, presente inventio-n per- mettra en outre de changer les mouvements, les attitudes des mannequins, aussi souvent qu'on le,desirera. The skeleton thus composed will be drowned in such materials. as pla.stiques or other materials (eg aa, reosine). characterized in a general way by an increase in consistency by drying or by lowering the temperature, materials which will reproduce in an exact way themselves, man or animals in the same way. establish a model who will be able to render the greatest service to the artists, to the workers who cannot always have a living model. their disposal, to the Atala- gists who will thus have the. possibility of reproducing all the movements of the. life, avoiding it. stiffness and the usual fixed appearance of mannequins. The present inventio-n will also make it possible to change the movements, the attitudes of the mannequins, as often as desired.

Claims

CLAIM Articulated dummy, characterized in that it carries an armature constituting the first skeleton and which presents joints between its different parts, at the places corresponding to the joints of the living being that the dummy represents, These joints being arranged in such so that any attitude of the body of the living being represented by the dummy can be faithfully reproduced by the latter.

SUB-CLAIMS 1 Mannequin according to claim, carae t6ris, e in that the armature comprises a succession of double and single clevises joined together by .des axes, of articulation and forming a fully articulated system .

2 Model following the. claim and sub-claim 1, cara.cterise in that the double yokes have axes .disposes in mutually perpendicular planes.

3 Mannequin according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that it comprises double yokes com carrying a suppl.ementaire axis for 1'ar ticulation of side elements.

4 Mannequin according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that it comprises .des yokes ä, Cylindrical body, driques.

5 Mannequin according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 4, characterized in that it comprises yokes with cylindrical bodies of which the bodies fit together mutually, the first body of the largest diameter having an internal rim and I Body of diameter I minus Brand presenting an annular Borge @cooperating with the 1st rim.

6 Mannequin according to claim, ca raet6ris6 in that it comprises a succession of yokes and spherical elements interposed Jans the joints of the yokes assem blage.

7 Dummy according -1a claim and sub-claim 6, characterized in that the spherical elements are established in the form of hollow spheres, a link orga.ne crossing the spheres and rete nant assembled adjacent elements.

8 Dummy according to the claim! h and the sub-claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a yoke having a flexible end portion.

9 Mannequin according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that it comprises yokes with bodies made of

plate shape, whose first free edge com carries several elements: articulation.

10 Model following the. claim and sub-claim 9, characterized in that the artioulation elements formed at the free edge of the plate are of spherical conformation.

11 Dummy according to claim, ca ract6ris6 in that the phalanges of eha that finger are formed plates articulated between them.

12 Model following the. claim and sub-claim 11, caracteri @ se .ce that, Plates are joined in pairs with interposed spacer washers. 18 Mannequin according to the claim, characterized by elements: of general shape, straightened and formed from stubs of tubes; flexible.