CH153446A - Process for making a new cellulose solution and a new cellulose solution. - Google Patents
Process for making a new cellulose solution and a new cellulose solution.Info
- Publication number
- CH153446A CH153446A CH153446DA CH153446A CH 153446 A CH153446 A CH 153446A CH 153446D A CH153446D A CH 153446DA CH 153446 A CH153446 A CH 153446A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- parts
- cellulose solution
- pyridine
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 octyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GNPSDJOWGWWXSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-benzylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=C[N+]=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 GNPSDJOWGWWXSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMFMJCAPWCXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 AMFMJCAPWCXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylpyridin-3-amine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEUUMBGHMNQHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCl VEUUMBGHMNQHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
- C08J3/096—Nitrogen containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B16/00—Regeneration of cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer neuen Zelluloselösung und neue Zelluloselösung. Es wurde gefunden, dass verflüssigte qua- ternäre Ammoniumsalze für sich oder in Ge genwart von geeigneten Lösungsmitteln die überraschende Eigenschaft besitzen, die Zel lulose ohne chemische Veränderung unter Bildung von Lösungen von höherer oder ge ringerer Viskosität zu lösen.
Solche Lösungs mittel sind vor allem wasserfreie stickstoff haltige Basen, wie wasserfreies Ammoniak, oder organische Basen, die die quaternären Ammoniumsalze nicht zersetzen, wie Alkyl- amine (z. B. Mono-, Di- oder Trimethylamin), Anilin, Monomethylanilin, Dimethylanilin, Pyridin, Picolin, Lutidin, technische Pyridin- basen, Gemische dieser Verbindungen usw.
Unter den Ammoniumsalzen sind die Halogenide, wie die Chloride, Bromide und Jodide am günstigsten. Man kann auch an dere Salze verwenden, zum Beispiel Sulfate, Nitrate oder organische Salze, wie Formiate, Acetate usw..
Ferner sind unter den Am moniumsalzen besonders diejenigen günstig, die sich von Estern der Halogenwasserstoff- Säuren, die bis 8 gohlenstoffatome enthalten wie Benzylchlorid, Äthyl-, Propyl- oder Bu- tylchlorid, oder auch von Hegylhalogeniden und Octylhalogeniden ableiten.
Es können aber auch brauchbare Ergebnisse mit anderen Halogeniden erzielt werden, zum Beispiel mit Estern von Halogenfettsäuren, wie Chlor essigester, oder mit ungesättigten Produkten, wie Allylhalogenide. Die Zellulose kann aus den so hergestellten Lösungen durch ge eignete Fällungsmittel wieder abgeschieden werden, wobei je nach den gewählten Be dingungen, Kunstfäden, Filme, Kunstmassen usw. erhalten werden können. Die wieder abgeschiedene Zellulose hat die Eigenschaf ten der regenerierten Zellulose.
Die neuen nach dem Verfahren der vor liegenden Erfindung erhaltenen Zelluloselö- sungen enthalten die Zellulose in sehr reak tionsfähiger Form. Diese Lösungen können unbegrenzt lange haltbar sein, indem diese Lösungen in der Kälte je nach der verwen deten Menge des Verdünnungsmittels mehr oder weniger leicht erstarren und dann feste Lösungen der Zellulose ergeben. Anderseits können den ,Lösungen gegebenenfalls neben Verdünnungsmitteln auch geeignete Zusätze beigefügt werden, die den Eratarrungspunkt der Lösungen herabsetzen und die Eigen schaften der- Zelluloselösungen verbessern.
Solche Zusätze sind zum Beispiel redu zierend wirkende Stoffe, wie z. B. Parafor- maldehyd, Glukose, Lactose usw.. Andere geeignete Zusätze "sind ferner Produkte, wie Stärke, Degtrin, geringe Mengen Wasser usw. <I>Beispiel<B>1:</B></I> 200 Teile wasserfreies Benzylpyridinium- chlorid, dem zur Erniedrigung des Schmelz punktes 1 bis 21/o trockenes Pyridin zu gesetzt werden, werden in einem Rührgefäss geschmolzen und auf<B>110-116'</B> erhitzt.
Bei dieser Temperatur werden 10 Teile Zellulose (zweckmässig<B>-</B>in Form von regenerierter Zel lulose) eingerührt und das Gemisch unter fortwährendem. -Rühren bei dieser Tempera tur gehalten, bis eine homogene Lösung entstanden ist. <I>Beispiel 2:</I> Ein Gemisch aus 1200 Teilen trockenem Pyridin und 700 Teilen Benzylchlorid wird unter gleichzeitigem Rühren auf 85-90 0 er wärmt, worauf durch eventuelles Kühlen die Selbsterwärmung des Gemisches so reguliert wird, dass dieselbe nicht über 95 0 steigt, bis die Bildung des Benzylpyridiniumchlorids beendet ist, und eine klare Lösung resultiert.
In die so erhaltene Pyridinlösung des Benzylpyridiniumchlorids werden 100 Teile fein verteilte regenerierte Zellulose einge tragen und das Gemisch unter Steigerung der Temperatur bis<B>110"</B> gerührt, bis eine homogene Zelluloselösung entstanden ist.
Beispiel <I>3:</I> 100 Teile Benzylpyridiniumchlorid werden bei<B>110-1150</B> mit 20 Teilen Pyridin ver mischt und der bomogenen Lösung 6 'feile Zellulose (zweckmässig in Form von regene- rierter Zellulose) zugefügt. Üi_ter fortwähren dem Rülirln wird das Gemisch auf der Tem peratur 6n <B>1150</B> gehalten, wobei die Zel lulose unter Bildung einer viskosen Flüssig keit in Lösung geht.
<I>Beispiel 4:</I> In ein Rührgefäss werden 100 Teile trockenes Pyridin, 60 Teile Benzylchlorid und 11,2 Teile trockene Zellulose (zweck mässig in Form von regenerierter Zellulose) eingefüllt und das Gemisch unter stetem Rühren solange erhitzt, bis die Temperatur ohne weitere Wärmezufuhr steigt. Man sorgt dann durch Kühlung, dass dieselbe nicht über <B>115'</B> steigt. Mit der Bildung des Benzylpy- ridiniumohlorids quillt die Zellulose gleich zeitig stark auf.
Nachdem keine Selbster wärmung mehr stattfindet, hält man das Ge misch unter stetem Rühren bei<B>1150,</B> wobei je nach der Art der verwendeten Zellulose, letztere nach wenigen Minuten bis mehreren Stunden zu einer höchviskosen, rötlichbraun gefärbten Flüssigkeit diapergiert ist. Das Pyridin kann durch andere tertiäre Basen oder Gemische derselben ersetzt werden, zum Beispiel durch ein Gemisch aus 75 Tei len Pyridin und 25 Teilen Picolin usw.
Durch Verspinnen der so erhaltenen Lösun gen, zum Beispiel in Wasser, verdünnten Säuren, Alkoholen usw. werden Zellulose fäden von besonderer Festigkeit erhalten. Beispiel <I>5:</I> In ein Gemisch von Allylpyridinium- ehlorid und Pyridin, das erhalten werden kann indem 50 Teile Allylchlorid und 100 Teile Pyridin am Rückflusskühler auf dem Wasserbade erhitzt werden, bis die Bildung der Pyridiniumverbindung völlig stattgefun den hat.
werden 8 Teile trockener gebleichter Zellstoffeingetragen. Das Gemisch wird bei 105-1100 gerührt, bis die Zellulose sich völlig gelöst hat, wobei eine viskose Lösung erhalten wird, die beim Ausgiessen in Wasser die Zellulose in zusammenhängenden Gebil den abscheidet. <I>Beispiel 6:</I> 100 Teile Äthylpyridiniumchlorid werden in 50 Teilen Pyridin gelöst, worauf in die klare Lösung bei 90-95 7,5 Teile trockene Linters eingetragen werden.
Das Gemisch wird bei der angegebenen Temperatur ge rührt, wobei die Zellulose rasch aufquillt und eine zähe Masse bildet, die bei weite rem Rühren sich in eine hochviskose, völlig klare Lösung verwandelt, die sich ausge zeichnet verspinnen lässt. Die Eigenschaften der Gespinste können dadurch verbessert werden, dass man beim Lösungsprozess der Zellulose Zusätze, wie Paraformaldehyd, Glu- kose, Lactose, Stärke, Degtrin usw. einver leibt.
Die Viskosität der Zelluloselösung kann durch Steigerung der Lösungstempera tur oder durch längeres Erhitzen des Ge misches, nach Wunsch vermindert werden.
Zelluloselösungen erhält man auch, wenn man die 50 Teile Pyridin durch 32 Teile Anilin oder 37 Teile Methylanilin ersetzt. <I>Beispiel 7:</I> 75 Teile Monochloressigsäureäthylester und 100 Teile Pyridin werden unter stetem Rühren auf<B>90-1000</B> erwärmt, worauf bei eintretender Reaktion durch Kühlung Sorge getragen wird, dass sich das Gemisch nicht wesentlich höher erhitzt, bis die Bildung des Pyridiniumebloressigsäureäthylesters sich voll zogen hat.
In die so erhaltene gelb gefärbte Pyridin- lösung des Pyridiniumchloressigsäureäthyl- esters werden 10 Teile fein zerschnittene und trockene aus Viskose regenerierte Zel lulose eingetragen, worauf das Gemisch bei 105-110 gerührt wird, bis die Zellulose sich völlig gelöst hat, was eine halbe bis eine Stunde dauert. Es resultiert eine braun gefärbte, viskose Zelluloselösung, die beim Verspinnen in Wasser die Zellulose in kaum gefärbten fadenförmigen Gebilden abscheidet.
Ganz allgemein empfiehlt es sich, das Verfahren- unter Luftabschluss oder in Ge genwart eines inerten Gases durchzuführen.
In allen diesen Beispielen ist es gleich, ob das als Lösungsmittel verwendete Pyri- din reines oder trockenes technisches Pyri- din ist.
Process for making a new cellulose solution and a new cellulose solution. It has been found that liquefied quaternary ammonium salts by themselves or in the presence of suitable solvents have the surprising property of dissolving the cellulose without chemical change with the formation of solutions of higher or lower viscosity.
Such solvents are primarily anhydrous nitrogenous bases, such as anhydrous ammonia, or organic bases that do not decompose the quaternary ammonium salts, such as alkyl amines (e.g. mono-, di- or trimethylamine), aniline, monomethylaniline, dimethylaniline, Pyridine, picoline, lutidine, technical pyridine bases, mixtures of these compounds, etc.
Among the ammonium salts, the halides, such as the chlorides, bromides and iodides, are the most favorable. You can also use other salts, for example sulfates, nitrates or organic salts such as formates, acetates, etc.
Furthermore, among the ammonium salts, those are particularly favorable which are derived from esters of hydrogen halide acids containing up to 8 carbon atoms, such as benzyl chloride, ethyl, propyl or butyl chloride, or from hegyl halides and octyl halides.
However, useful results can also be achieved with other halides, for example with esters of halogenated fatty acids, such as chloroacetic esters, or with unsaturated products, such as allyl halides. The cellulose can be deposited again from the solutions thus prepared by suitable precipitants, whereby, depending on the conditions chosen, synthetic threads, films, synthetic materials, etc. can be obtained. The again separated cellulose has the properties of regenerated cellulose.
The new cellulose solutions obtained by the process of the present invention contain the cellulose in a very reactive form. These solutions can be kept indefinitely in that these solutions solidify more or less easily in the cold, depending on the amount of diluent used, and then give solid solutions of the cellulose. On the other hand, in addition to diluents, suitable additives can also be added to the solutions, if necessary, which lower the erratization point of the solutions and improve the properties of the cellulose solutions.
Such additives are, for example, reducing substances such. B. paraformaldehyde, glucose, lactose, etc. Other suitable additives are also products such as starch, degtrin, small amounts of water, etc. <I> Example <B>1:</B> </I> 200 parts anhydrous Benzylpyridinium chloride, to which 1 to 21 / o dry pyridine is added to lower the melting point, is melted in a stirred vessel and heated to 110-116 '.
At this temperature 10 parts of cellulose (expediently in the form of regenerated cellulose) are stirred in and the mixture is continuously stirred. - Stirring kept at this tempera ture until a homogeneous solution has formed. <I> Example 2: </I> A mixture of 1200 parts of dry pyridine and 700 parts of benzyl chloride is heated to 85-90 ° while stirring at the same time, whereupon the self-heating of the mixture is regulated by any cooling so that it does not exceed 95 0 increases until the formation of the benzylpyridinium chloride has ended and a clear solution results.
100 parts of finely divided regenerated cellulose are added to the pyridine solution of benzylpyridinium chloride obtained in this way and the mixture is stirred while increasing the temperature to 110 "until a homogeneous cellulose solution is formed.
Example <I> 3: </I> 100 parts of benzylpyridinium chloride are mixed with 20 parts of pyridine at <B> 110-1150 </B> and 6 'file cellulose (expediently in the form of regenerated cellulose) is added to the homogeneous solution . During the stirring period, the mixture is kept at the temperature 6n 1150, the cellulose dissolving to form a viscous liquid.
<I> Example 4: </I> 100 parts of dry pyridine, 60 parts of benzyl chloride and 11.2 parts of dry cellulose (expediently in the form of regenerated cellulose) are poured into a stirred vessel and the mixture is heated with constant stirring until the Temperature rises without additional heat supply. It is then ensured by cooling that it does not rise above <B> 115 '</B>. With the formation of the benzyl pyridinium chloride, the cellulose swells considerably at the same time.
After no more self-heating takes place, the mixture is kept under constant stirring at <B> 1150, </B> whereby, depending on the type of cellulose used, the latter has diapered into a highly viscous, reddish-brown liquid after a few minutes to several hours . The pyridine can be replaced by other tertiary bases or mixtures thereof, for example a mixture of 75 parts of pyridine and 25 parts of picoline, etc.
By spinning the solutions thus obtained, for example in water, dilute acids, alcohols, etc., cellulose threads of particular strength are obtained. Example <I> 5: </I> In a mixture of allylpyridinium chloride and pyridine, which can be obtained by heating 50 parts of allyl chloride and 100 parts of pyridine in a reflux condenser on a water bath until the pyridinium compound has completely formed.
8 parts of dry bleached pulp are introduced. The mixture is stirred at 105-1100 until the cellulose has completely dissolved, a viscous solution being obtained which, when poured into water, separates the cellulose in coherent structures. Example 6: 100 parts of ethylpyridinium chloride are dissolved in 50 parts of pyridine, whereupon 7.5 parts of dry linters are added to the clear solution at 90-95.
The mixture is stirred at the specified temperature, the cellulose swelling rapidly and forming a viscous mass which, upon further stirring, turns into a highly viscous, completely clear solution that is excellent for spinning. The properties of the webs can be improved by adding additives such as paraformaldehyde, glucose, lactose, starch, degtrin, etc. to the dissolution process of the cellulose.
The viscosity of the cellulose solution can be reduced by increasing the solution temperature or by heating the mixture for a long time, as desired.
Cellulose solutions are also obtained if the 50 parts of pyridine are replaced by 32 parts of aniline or 37 parts of methylaniline. <I> Example 7: </I> 75 parts of ethyl monochloroacetate and 100 parts of pyridine are heated to <B> 90-1000 </B> with constant stirring, after which, when a reaction occurs, care is taken by cooling that the mixture does not change significantly heated higher until the formation of the Pyridiniumebloressigsäureäthylesters has pulled itself completely.
10 parts of finely cut and dry cellulose regenerated from viscose are added to the yellow-colored pyridine solution of pyridinium chloroacetic acid ethyl ester obtained, whereupon the mixture is stirred at 105-110 until the cellulose has completely dissolved, which is half to one Takes an hour. The result is a brown-colored, viscous cellulose solution which, when spun in water, separates the cellulose in barely colored thread-like structures.
In general, it is advisable to carry out the process in the absence of air or in the presence of an inert gas.
In all of these examples it does not matter whether the pyridine used as solvent is pure or dry technical pyridine.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH153446T | 1930-09-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH153446A true CH153446A (en) | 1932-03-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH153446D CH153446A (en) | 1930-09-27 | 1930-09-27 | Process for making a new cellulose solution and a new cellulose solution. |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH153446A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7550520B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2009-06-23 | The University Of Alabama | Method of preparing high orientation nanoparticle-containing sheets or films using ionic liquids, and the sheets or films produced thereby |
| EP2325246A3 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2011-06-08 | The University of Alabama | Dissolution and processing of cellulose using ionic liquids |
| US8668807B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 | 2014-03-11 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Ionic liquid systems for the processing of biomass, their components and/or derivatives, and mixtures thereof |
| US8784691B2 (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2014-07-22 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Conductive composites prepared using ionic liquids |
| US8883193B2 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2014-11-11 | The University Of Alabama | Cellulosic biocomposites as molecular scaffolds for nano-architectures |
| US9096743B2 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2015-08-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Process for forming films, fibers, and beads from chitinous biomass |
| US9278134B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2016-03-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Dual functioning ionic liquids and salts thereof |
| US9394375B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2016-07-19 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Compositions containing recyclable ionic liquids for use in biomass processing |
| US10100131B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2018-10-16 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Chemical pulping of chitinous biomass for chitin |
| US10927191B2 (en) | 2017-01-06 | 2021-02-23 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Coagulation of chitin from ionic liquid solutions using kosmotropic salts |
| US10941258B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-03-09 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Metal particle-chitin composite materials and methods of making thereof |
-
1930
- 1930-09-27 CH CH153446D patent/CH153446A/en unknown
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2325246A3 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2011-06-08 | The University of Alabama | Dissolution and processing of cellulose using ionic liquids |
| US7550520B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2009-06-23 | The University Of Alabama | Method of preparing high orientation nanoparticle-containing sheets or films using ionic liquids, and the sheets or films produced thereby |
| US8883193B2 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2014-11-11 | The University Of Alabama | Cellulosic biocomposites as molecular scaffolds for nano-architectures |
| US8668807B2 (en) | 2008-02-19 | 2014-03-11 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Ionic liquid systems for the processing of biomass, their components and/or derivatives, and mixtures thereof |
| US9278134B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2016-03-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Dual functioning ionic liquids and salts thereof |
| US9096743B2 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2015-08-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Process for forming films, fibers, and beads from chitinous biomass |
| US8784691B2 (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2014-07-22 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Conductive composites prepared using ionic liquids |
| US9394375B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2016-07-19 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Compositions containing recyclable ionic liquids for use in biomass processing |
| US10100131B2 (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2018-10-16 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Chemical pulping of chitinous biomass for chitin |
| US10927191B2 (en) | 2017-01-06 | 2021-02-23 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Coagulation of chitin from ionic liquid solutions using kosmotropic salts |
| US10941258B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-03-09 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama | Metal particle-chitin composite materials and methods of making thereof |
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