CH134451A - Device for reducing gap losses between turbine guide and impellers. - Google Patents

Device for reducing gap losses between turbine guide and impellers.

Info

Publication number
CH134451A
CH134451A CH134451DA CH134451A CH 134451 A CH134451 A CH 134451A CH 134451D A CH134451D A CH 134451DA CH 134451 A CH134451 A CH 134451A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
impellers
blades
reducing gap
gap losses
turbine guide
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Oerlikon Maschinenfabrik
Original Assignee
Oerlikon Maschf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Maschf filed Critical Oerlikon Maschf
Publication of CH134451A publication Critical patent/CH134451A/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
    • F16J15/406Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid by at least one pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/22Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/34Rotor-blade aggregates of unitary construction, e.g. formed of sheet laminae
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/164Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces the sealing action depending on movements; pressure difference, temperature or presence of leaking fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/44Free-space packings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/30Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00Manufacture
    • F05D2230/50Building or constructing in particular ways
    • F05D2230/54Building or constructing in particular ways by sheet metal manufacturing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00Geometry
    • F05D2250/30Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/31Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05D2250/314Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being inclined in relation to each other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/30Retaining components in desired mutual position

Description

  

  Vorrichtung zur Verminderung von Spaltverlusten zwischen     Turbinenleit-          und    Laufrädern.    Bei den     Dampfturbinen    neuester Kon  struktionen, zum Beispiel wird das     Achsial-          spiel    zwischen den     Leit-    und     Laufra.dkränzen     möglichst klein gehalten, um geringe Spalt  verluste- zu erhalten. Auch     labyrinthä.hn-          liche    Abdichtungen werden angeordnet, um  diese Verluste zu beschränken.

   Mit Rück  sicht auf die WI     ärmeausdehnungen    des Rotors  kann dieser Verlustquerschnitt doch nicht  ganz beseitigt werden und bildet immer noch  einen beträchtlichen Prozentsatz vom     Schau-          felungsquerschnitt.     



  Gemäss vorliegender Erfindung wird durch  eine Ventilationsvorrichtung aussen an den  Laufrädern ein Überdruckkissen erzeugt und  damit eine elastische Abdichtung geschaffen,  wodurch der     Treibmitteldurchfluss    verhindert  und somit der Spaltverlust zwischen     Leit-          und    Laufrädern behoben werden soll:.  



  Ausführungsbeispiele des     Erfindungs-          @egenstandes    sind in beiliegender Zeichnung  schematisch dargestellt.         Fig.    1 ist ein     liängsschnitt    durch eine       Leit-    und     Laufradschaufelung;        Fig.    2, 3  und 4 sind Ansichten auf     Laufradbandagen.     



  Bei dem Beispiel nach     Fig.    1 und 2 sind       a.m    Laufrad 1, das sich in der     angegebenen     Pfeilrichtung dreht, beziehungsweise an der       Bandage    2     Ventilationsschaufeln    3 und l  angeordnet, deren Wirkungsdiagramm ent  gegengesetzt ist. Bei der     Rotation    des Lauf  rades entsteht somit     zwischen    den Schaufel  reihen 3 und 4 im Ringraume 5 ein Über  druckkissen, wodurch die Verlustströmung  vom Spalt 6 nach dem Spalt 7     verhindert     wird.  



  Der aus den     Leitradsehaufeln    8 nach  den     Laufradschaufeln    9 in     achsialer    Rich  tung strömende     Treibmittelstrahl    bleibt im  Spaltraume 6 durch die Einwirkung des       Überdruckkissens    gut geschlossen und ge  führt, wodurch die     ,Streuungsverluste    auf  ein Minimum beschränkt werden.           Die    gleiche     Einwirkung    begünstigt auch  den     Treibmittel'strahl    beim Verlassen der       Laufradschaufeln    9     bezw.    beim Durchströ  men des Spaltraumes 7 bis zum Eintritt in  die Leitschaufeln 10.  



  Bei dem Beispiel nach     Fig.    3 sind die  zum Festhalten der Bandage nötigen Nieten  köpfe als     Ventilationsschaufeln        ä'    und 4 aus  gebildet.  



  An Stelle von zwei Schaufelreihen kann  auch nur eine Schaufelreihe 11, wie in     Fig.    4  angegeben ist, angeordnet werden, wobei  der dadurch erzeugte     Überdruck    mindestens  dem Druckabfall zwischen dem     Leitradaus-          tritt    und dem     Laufradaustritt        entsprechen          muB.  



  Device for reducing gap losses between turbine guide and impellers. In the case of the latest steam turbines, for example, the axial play between the guide and rotor rings is kept as small as possible in order to achieve low gap losses. Labyrinth-like seals are also arranged in order to limit these losses.

   With regard to the thermal expansion of the rotor, this loss cross section cannot be completely eliminated and still forms a considerable percentage of the blade cross section.



  According to the present invention, an overpressure cushion is generated on the outside of the impellers by a ventilation device and thus an elastic seal is created, which prevents the flow of propellant and thus eliminates the loss of gap between the guide and impellers.



  Embodiments of the subject of the invention are shown schematically in the accompanying drawing. 1 is a longitudinal section through a guide and impeller blades; Figures 2, 3 and 4 are views of impeller bandages.



  In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, a.m impeller 1, which rotates in the direction of the arrow, or on the bandage 2 ventilation blades 3 and l are arranged, whose action diagram is opposite ent. When the impeller rotates, an over pressure cushion is created between the rows of blades 3 and 4 in the annular space 5, which prevents the leakage flow from the gap 6 to the gap 7.



  The propellant jet flowing from the stator blades 8 to the impeller blades 9 in the axial direction remains well closed in the gap 6 by the action of the overpressure cushion and leads to ge, whereby the scattering losses are kept to a minimum. The same action also favors the propellant jet when it leaves the impeller blades 9 and 9 respectively. when flowing through the gap 7 up to the entry into the guide vanes 10.



  In the example of FIG. 3, the rivet heads required to hold the bandage are formed as ventilation blades ä 'and 4 from.



  Instead of two rows of blades, it is also possible to arrange only one row of blades 11, as indicated in FIG. 4, the overpressure generated thereby having to correspond at least to the pressure drop between the stator outlet and the impeller outlet.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Vorrichtung zur Verminderung von Spalt verlusten zwischen Turbinenleu- und -lauf rädern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Ventilationsvorrichtung aussen an den Laufrädern ein Überdruckkissen geschaffen ist. UNTERANSPRUCH: Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die Ein wirkung des Überdruckkissens dem aus den Leitradschaufeln nach den Laufradschaufeln strömenden Treibmittelstrahl eine gute Füh rung geschaffen ist. PATENT CLAIM: Device for reducing gap losses between turbine lobes and runners, characterized in that an overpressure cushion is created by a ventilation device on the outside of the runners. SUBSTANTIAL CLAIM: Device according to patent claim, characterized in that a good guidance is created by the action of the overpressure cushion on the propellant jet flowing from the stator blades to the impeller blades.
CH134451D 1928-01-07 1928-12-14 Device for reducing gap losses between turbine guide and impellers. CH134451A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE134451X 1928-01-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH134451A true CH134451A (en) 1929-07-31

Family

ID=5665501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH134451D CH134451A (en) 1928-01-07 1928-12-14 Device for reducing gap losses between turbine guide and impellers.

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH134451A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3575523A (en) * 1968-12-05 1971-04-20 Us Navy Labyrinth seal for axial flow fluid machines
US4050845A (en) * 1975-09-30 1977-09-27 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Device for stabilizing the position of rotors of large steam turbines
US4274806A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-06-23 General Electric Company Staircase blade tip
DE3505491A1 (en) * 1985-02-16 1986-08-21 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München GASKET FOR A FLUID MACHINE
US4682933A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-07-28 Rockwell International Corporation Labyrinthine turbine-rotor-blade tip seal
EP1574671A2 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Dynamic seal for a turbine engine
EP1734292A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sealing means for a turbomachine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3575523A (en) * 1968-12-05 1971-04-20 Us Navy Labyrinth seal for axial flow fluid machines
US4050845A (en) * 1975-09-30 1977-09-27 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Device for stabilizing the position of rotors of large steam turbines
US4274806A (en) * 1979-06-18 1981-06-23 General Electric Company Staircase blade tip
US4682933A (en) * 1984-10-17 1987-07-28 Rockwell International Corporation Labyrinthine turbine-rotor-blade tip seal
DE3505491A1 (en) * 1985-02-16 1986-08-21 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München GASKET FOR A FLUID MACHINE
US5088889A (en) * 1985-02-16 1992-02-18 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh Seal for a flow machine
EP1574671A2 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-14 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Dynamic seal for a turbine engine
EP1574671A3 (en) * 2004-03-10 2013-05-29 Siemens Energy, Inc. Dynamic seal for a turbine engine
EP1734292A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sealing means for a turbomachine

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