CA3227970A1 - Gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system, and deep drainage tunnel - Google Patents
Gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system, and deep drainage tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CA3227970A1 CA3227970A1 CA3227970A CA3227970A CA3227970A1 CA 3227970 A1 CA3227970 A1 CA 3227970A1 CA 3227970 A CA3227970 A CA 3227970A CA 3227970 A CA3227970 A CA 3227970A CA 3227970 A1 CA3227970 A1 CA 3227970A1
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- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a gas pressure protection device (100), comprising a liquid sealing chamber (1), wherein the liquid sealing chamber (1) comprises a liquid sealing area (11) and a washing-gas pressure relief area (12); the liquid sealing area (11) comprises a first gas portion (111) and a first liquid portion (112) which are arranged in a stacked manner; the washing-gas pressure relief area (12) comprises a second gas portion (121) and a second liquid portion (122) which are arranged in a stacked manner; and the first liquid portion (112) and the second liquid portion (122) are used for accommodating a liquid sealing medium. The first liquid portion (112) is in communication with the second liquid portion (122), the first gas portion (111) is in communication with an air output channel of the ventilation and deodorization system, and the second gas portion (121) is in communication with the outside atmosphere. It can be ensured that the gas pressure in the air output channel is in a safe pressure range; meanwhile, a water washing effect is exerted, and the odor concentration of the escape gas is reduced. Further disclosed are a ventilation and deodorization system comprising the gas pressure protection device, and a deep drainage tunnel comprising the ventilation and deodorization system.
Description
GAS PRESSURE PROTECTION DEVICE, VENTILATION AND
DEODORIZATION SYSTEM AND DEEP DRAINAGE TUNNEL
This application claims priority from Chinese patent application 2021108973127 with a filing date of August 5, 2021. This application cites the full text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application.
Technical field The invention relates to the field of ventilation and deodorization of a deep drainage regulation and storage tunnel, and in particular to a gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system and deep drainage tunnel Background Large-scale deep drainage regulation and storage tunnels have become a successful example and development trend for urban waterlogging control, initial rainwater pollution control, and combined sewage overflow control. As the quality of life improves today, the public has put forward higher requirements for odor control in drainage facilities. For large deep drainage regulation and storage tunnels, because the incoming water contains a large amount of rainwater, the flow rate is much larger than that of ordinary sewage plants and pumping stations, and can reach m3/s or more, and there is a large fluctuation. During the water inflow process, gas is squeezed and discharged from the tunnel. The gas emission changes with the water inflow. At the same time, the regulation and storage tunnel is usually equipped with several water inlet shafts. The tunnel has a certain slope, and there are various water inlet conditions in the upstream and downstream water inlet shafts, which will have a great impact on the gas emissions in the tunnel, resulting in large fluctuations in the pressure of the exhaust gas in the tunnel, which will cause damage and impact to the deodorization system.
Summary The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gas pressure protection device, a ventilation and deodorization system and a deep drainage tunnel in order to overcome the defect in the prior art that the gas pressure fluctuation of the exhaust gas in the tunnel easily causes damage to the deodorization system.
A gas pressure protection device for a ventilation and deodorization systems of a deep drainage tunnel is provided, wherein the gas pressure protection device comprises a liquid sealing chamber, and the liquid sealing chamber comprises a liquid sealing area and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area, wherein the liquid sealing area comprises a first gas part and a first liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the gas scrubbing pressure relief area comprises a second gas part and a second liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the first liquid part and the second liquid part is used to accommodate liquid sealing medium, wherein, the first liquid part is in communication with the second liquid part, the first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel of the ventilation and deodorization system, and the second gas part is in communication with the outside atmosphere.
In this solution, as the gas pressure in the air outlet channel increases, the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part and the second liquid part will form a liquid level difference. Once the pressure is too high, that is, the gas pressure in the air outlet channel exceeds the pressure allowed by the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing
DEODORIZATION SYSTEM AND DEEP DRAINAGE TUNNEL
This application claims priority from Chinese patent application 2021108973127 with a filing date of August 5, 2021. This application cites the full text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application.
Technical field The invention relates to the field of ventilation and deodorization of a deep drainage regulation and storage tunnel, and in particular to a gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system and deep drainage tunnel Background Large-scale deep drainage regulation and storage tunnels have become a successful example and development trend for urban waterlogging control, initial rainwater pollution control, and combined sewage overflow control. As the quality of life improves today, the public has put forward higher requirements for odor control in drainage facilities. For large deep drainage regulation and storage tunnels, because the incoming water contains a large amount of rainwater, the flow rate is much larger than that of ordinary sewage plants and pumping stations, and can reach m3/s or more, and there is a large fluctuation. During the water inflow process, gas is squeezed and discharged from the tunnel. The gas emission changes with the water inflow. At the same time, the regulation and storage tunnel is usually equipped with several water inlet shafts. The tunnel has a certain slope, and there are various water inlet conditions in the upstream and downstream water inlet shafts, which will have a great impact on the gas emissions in the tunnel, resulting in large fluctuations in the pressure of the exhaust gas in the tunnel, which will cause damage and impact to the deodorization system.
Summary The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gas pressure protection device, a ventilation and deodorization system and a deep drainage tunnel in order to overcome the defect in the prior art that the gas pressure fluctuation of the exhaust gas in the tunnel easily causes damage to the deodorization system.
A gas pressure protection device for a ventilation and deodorization systems of a deep drainage tunnel is provided, wherein the gas pressure protection device comprises a liquid sealing chamber, and the liquid sealing chamber comprises a liquid sealing area and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area, wherein the liquid sealing area comprises a first gas part and a first liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the gas scrubbing pressure relief area comprises a second gas part and a second liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the first liquid part and the second liquid part is used to accommodate liquid sealing medium, wherein, the first liquid part is in communication with the second liquid part, the first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel of the ventilation and deodorization system, and the second gas part is in communication with the outside atmosphere.
In this solution, as the gas pressure in the air outlet channel increases, the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part and the second liquid part will form a liquid level difference. Once the pressure is too high, that is, the gas pressure in the air outlet channel exceeds the pressure allowed by the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing
2 chamber will be pressed and destroyed, the gas enters the first gas part, the first liquid part, the second liquid part, and the second gas part in sequence, and overflows to the outside atmosphere. Once the pressure in the air outlet channel returns to normal, a liquid sealing layer will be formed again, thereby ensuring that the gas pressure in the air outlet channel is within a safe pressure range. In addition, this solution realizes gas pressure protection and at the same time, the gas can contact the liquid sealing medium in the liquid sealing chamber during the overflow process, exerting a water washing effect and reducing the odor concentration of the dissipated gas.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber comprises a first partition, which is connected to the inner wall of the liquid sealing chamber to divide the liquid sealing chamber into the liquid sealing area and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area which are adjacently arranged.
Preferably, pore passages are provided at the bottom of the first partition to communicate the first liquid part and the second liquid part.
In this solution, by providing the pore passages, the gas in the liquid sealing area enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area through the pore passages.
Preferably, the pressure difference between the liquid sealing medium of the first liquid part and the liquid sealing medium of the second liquid part is less than the preset safety air pressure of the deodorization device in the ventilation and deodorization system.
In this solution, the above arrangement allows the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber to be pressed and destroyed when the air pressure allowed by the deodorization device is exceeded, so that the gas overflows to the outside through the pore passages at the bottom of the first partition.
Preferably, the gas scrubbing pressure relief area has a plurality of deflector plates.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber comprises a first partition, which is connected to the inner wall of the liquid sealing chamber to divide the liquid sealing chamber into the liquid sealing area and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area which are adjacently arranged.
Preferably, pore passages are provided at the bottom of the first partition to communicate the first liquid part and the second liquid part.
In this solution, by providing the pore passages, the gas in the liquid sealing area enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area through the pore passages.
Preferably, the pressure difference between the liquid sealing medium of the first liquid part and the liquid sealing medium of the second liquid part is less than the preset safety air pressure of the deodorization device in the ventilation and deodorization system.
In this solution, the above arrangement allows the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber to be pressed and destroyed when the air pressure allowed by the deodorization device is exceeded, so that the gas overflows to the outside through the pore passages at the bottom of the first partition.
Preferably, the gas scrubbing pressure relief area has a plurality of deflector plates.
3 One end of the deflector plates is connected to a side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area, and the other end extends obliquely upward and forms a gap with the other side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area. The gaps of two adjacent deflector plates are arranged staggeredly to form an "S" shaped gas channel in the second liquid part.
In this solution, by arranging the deflector plates extending obliquely upward, the gas is guided to flow along the "S" shaped gas channel, which extends the flow path of the gas in the liquid sealing chamber. This increases the residence time of the gas in the liquid sealing medium, and thereby enables the gas overflow process to fully contact the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber, thereby enhancing the water washing effect.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a water replenishing area.
The water replenishing area comprises a third gas part and a third liquid part arranged up and down. The third gas part and the third liquid part are in communication with the second gas part and the second liquid part, respectively.
In this solution, the water replenishing area is used to replenish the water due to daily evaporation and the moisture taken away by the overflow gas. By replenishing liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area, the liquid sealing area and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area are replenished.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a second partition, and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area and the water replenishing area are separated by the second partition.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a water inlet device, and the water replenishing area is provided with a float switch, and the float switch is connected to the water inlet device, wherein the float switch is used to control the water inlet device to replenish liquid
In this solution, by arranging the deflector plates extending obliquely upward, the gas is guided to flow along the "S" shaped gas channel, which extends the flow path of the gas in the liquid sealing chamber. This increases the residence time of the gas in the liquid sealing medium, and thereby enables the gas overflow process to fully contact the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber, thereby enhancing the water washing effect.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a water replenishing area.
The water replenishing area comprises a third gas part and a third liquid part arranged up and down. The third gas part and the third liquid part are in communication with the second gas part and the second liquid part, respectively.
In this solution, the water replenishing area is used to replenish the water due to daily evaporation and the moisture taken away by the overflow gas. By replenishing liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area, the liquid sealing area and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area are replenished.
Preferably, the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a second partition, and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area and the water replenishing area are separated by the second partition.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a water inlet device, and the water replenishing area is provided with a float switch, and the float switch is connected to the water inlet device, wherein the float switch is used to control the water inlet device to replenish liquid
4 sealing medium to the water replenishing area when the liquid level of the second liquid part or the third liquid part is less than a preset threshold.
In this solution, the float switch controls the opening and closing of the water inlet device to achieve real-time water replenishment.
Preferably, liquid sealing chamber further comprises an emptying area. The emptying area is in communication with the water replenishing area. A water pump is provided in the emptying area. The water pump is used to discharge the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part, the second liquid part and the third liquid part. In this solution, the water pump in the emptying area can regularly drain the water in the liquid sealing chamber. After the stored water is emptied, the water inlet device can be used to replenish the water to replace the stored water, thereby ensuring that the quality of the stored water is good and the stored water can exert a water washing effect normally when gas escapes and pressure is released.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a drainage device, and the water pump is connected to the drainage device.
In this solution, the liquid sealing medium is discharged from the liquid sealing chamber through the drainage device.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a bypass channel.
One end of the bypass channel is in communication with the first gas part, and the other end of the bypass channel is connected to the air outlet channel.
In this solution, the gas pressure protection device is in communication with the air outlet channel through the bypass channel.
Preferably, the bottom end of the bypass channel is higher than the liquid level of the first liquid part.
In this solution, the above structural arrangement is adopted to prevent the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel and improve the safety of the gas pressure protection device during use.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises an air outlet, and both ends of the air outlet are in communication with the second gas part and the outside atmosphere, respectively.
In this solution, the second gas part is in communication with the air outlet, so that the gas is discharged to the outside atmosphere through the air outlet.
Preferably, the air outlet has a third partition extending upward from the bottom surface of the air outlet.
In this solution, by providing the third partition, it is helpful to prevent the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber from entering the air outlet due to the rise in liquid level, ensuring basic gas-liquid separation.
A ventilation and deodorization system is provided, comprising an air outlet channel and a deodorization device that are in communication with to each other.
The ventilation and deodorization system further comprises the above-mentioned gas pressure protection device. The first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel.
In this solution, the ventilation and deodorization system using the above-mentioned pressure protection device has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
A deep drainage tunnel is provided, comprising a tunnel main body. The deep drainage tunnel further comprises the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system. The air outlet channel is in communication with the tunnel main body.
In this solution, the deep drainage tunnel using the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
On the basis of common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain preferred examples of the present invention.
The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:
In the gas pressure protection device, after the gas pressure in the air outlet channel exceeds the allowable pressure of the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the liquid sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber is pressed and destroyed, and the gas sequentially enters the first gas part, the first liquid part, the second liquid part, and the second gas part, and overflows to the outside atmosphere. Once the pressure in the air outlet channel returns to normal, a liquid sealing layer will be formed again to ensure that the gas pressure in the air outlet channel is within a safe pressure range. While achieving gas pressure protection, the gas can contact the liquid sealing medium in the liquid sealing chamber during the overflow process, exerting a water washing effect and reducing the odor concentration of the dissipated gas. This adapts to the characteristics of large deep drainage tunnels with large air volume and large fluctuations, and can adopt reinforced concrete structures, which are simple in structure and flexible in implementation. Correspondingly, the ventilation and deodorization systems and the deep drainage tunnel comprising the gas pressure protection device have the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of a gas pressure protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a gas pressure protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference signs 100 gas pressure protection device 1 liquid sealing chamber 2 bypass channel 3 air outlet 11 liquid sealing area 12 gas scrubbing pressure relief area 13 water replenishing area 14 emptying area 15 first partition 151 first pore passage 16 second partition 161 second pore passage 17 third partition 111 first gas part 112 first liquid part 121 second gas part 122 second liquid part 131 third gas part 132 third liquid part 123 deflector plate 133 float switch 141 water pump 200 air outlet channel 300 deodorization device DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.
This embodiment discloses a gas pressure protection device 100 for a ventilation and deodorization systems of a deep drainage tunnel. As shown in Figs. 1-2, the gas pressure protection device 100 comprises a liquid sealing chamber 1. The liquid sealing chamber 1 comprises a liquid sealing area 11 and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The liquid sealing area 11 comprises a first gas part 111 and a first liquid part 112 arranged up and down. The gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 comprises a second gas part 121 and a second liquid part 122 arranged up and down. The first liquid part 112 and the second liquid part 122 are used to accommodate the liquid sealing medium. Here, the first liquid part 112 is in communication with the second liquid part 122. The first gas part 111 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200 of the ventilation and deodorization system. The second gas part 121 is in communication with the outside atmosphere.
In this embodiment, as the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 increases, the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part 112 and the second liquid part will form a liquid level difference. Once the pressure is too high, that is, the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 exceeds the pressure allowed by the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the liquid sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber 1 will be pressed and destroyed, and the gas enters the first gas part 111, the first liquid part 112, the second liquid part 122, and the second gas part 121 in sequence, and overflows to the outside atmosphere.
Once the pressure in the air outlet channel 200 returns to normal, a liquid sealing layer will be formed again, thereby ensuring that the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 is within a safe pressure range. In addition, this embodiment realizes gas pressure protection and at the same time, the gas can contact the liquid sealing medium in the liquid sealing chamber 1 during the overflow process, exerting a water washing effect and reducing the odor concentration of the dissipated gas.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the liquid sealing medium is specifically water. In other alternative embodiments, the liquid sealing medium can also be other liquids.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 comprises a first partition 15, which is connected to the inner wall of the liquid sealing chamber 1 to divide the liquid sealing chamber 1 into a liquid sealing area 11 and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 which are adjacently arranged. Specifically, the first partition 15 is connected to the top wall and side wall of the liquid sealing area 11. A first pore passage 151 is formed by the bottom of the first partition 15 and the bottom wall of the liquid sealing area 11 so that the first liquid part 112 is in communication with the second liquid part 122.
Here, by providing the first pore passage 151, the gas in the liquid sealing area 11 enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 through the first pore passage 151.
The pressure difference between the liquid sealing medium of the first liquid part 112 and the liquid sealing medium of the second liquid part 122 is less than the preset air pressure of the deodorization device 300 in the ventilation and deodorization system. The above arrangement allows the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber to be pressed and destroyed when the air pressure allowed by the deodorization device is exceeded, so that the gas overflows to the outside through the pore passage at the bottom of the first partition. It should be noted that the preset air pressure of the deodorization device may be the maximum air pressure that the deodorization device can withstand under different working conditions.
The gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 has a plurality of deflector plates 123.
One end of the deflector plates 123 is connected to a side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12, and the other end extends obliquely upward and forms a gap with the other side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The gaps of the two adjacent deflector plates 123 are arranged staggeredly to form an "S"
shaped gas channel in the second liquid part 122. Here, by arranging the deflector plates 123 extending obliquely upward, the gas is guided to flow along the "S"
shaped gas channel, which extends the flow path of the gas in the liquid sealing chamber 1. This increases the residence time of the gas in the liquid sealing medium, and thereby enables the gas overflow process to fully contact the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber 1, thereby enhancing the water washing effect.
In other alternative embodiments, the deflector plates 123 can also be in other forms, as long as it can realize gas diversion and extend the gas flow path.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises a water replenishing area 13.
The water replenishing area 13 comprises a third gas part 131 and a third liquid part 132 arranged up and down. The third gas part 131 and the third liquid part 132 are in communication with the second gas part 121 and the second liquid part 122, respectively. Here, the water replenishing area 13 is used to replenish the water due to daily evaporation and the moisture taken away by the overflow gas. By replenishing the liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area 13, the liquid sealing area 11 and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 are replenished.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises a second partition 16, through which the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are separated. Specifically, the second partition 16 is connected to the side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. A second pore passage 161 is formed between the second partition 16 and the bottom wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The liquid sealing area 11, the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 communicate with each other through the first pore passage 151 and the second pore passage 161. The liquid sealing medium in the water replenishing area enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 through the second pore passage 161 to achieve liquid replenishment. There is a space between the second partition 16 and the top wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 so that the liquid levels in the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are the same.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises a water inlet device.
The water replenishing area 13 is provided with a float switch 133, and the float switch 133 is connected to the water inlet device. The float switch 133 is used to control the water inlet device to replenish liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area 13 when the liquid level of the third liquid part 132 is less than a preset threshold. Here, the float switch 133 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet device to achieve real-time water replenishment. Specifically, the water inlet device may be an external water supply pipe.
In specific use, since the liquid levels of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are the same, the float switch 133 can be set on the liquid surface of the third liquid part 132 and detect the liquid level height of the third liquid part 132. When it is detected that the liquid level is lower than the preset threshold, the float switch 133 is opened, and the water supply pipe replenishes water to the water replenishing area 13. Until it is detected that the liquid level is not lower than the threshold, the float switch 133 is closed and the water supply pipe stops inflowing.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises an emptying area 14. The emptying area 14 is provided on a side of the water replenishing area 13. The emptying area is in communication with the water replenishing area 13. A water pump 141 is provided in the emptying area, and the water pump 141 is connected to a drainage device (for example, a water outlet pipe). The liquid sealing medium is discharged from the liquid sealing chamber 1 through the drainage device. The water pump 141 can drain the water stored in the liquid sealing chamber 1 regularly.
After the stored water is emptied, the water inlet device (for example, an external water supply pipe) can be used to replenish the water to replace the stored water, thereby ensuring that the quality of the stored water is good and that the stored water can exert a water washing effect normally when gas escapes and pressure is released.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises a bypass channel 2.
One end of the bypass channel 2 is in communication with the first gas part 111, and the other end of the bypass channel 2 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200. Here, the gas pressure protection device 100 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200 through the bypass channel 2. The bottom end of the bypass channel 2 is higher than the liquid level of the first liquid part 112, or the bottom end of the bypass channel 2 is flush with the liquid level in the first liquid part 112. Adopting the above structural arrangement prevents the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel 2 and improves the safety of the gas pressure protection device 100 during use.
It should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, a fourth partition may also be provided in the bypass channel 2. The fourth partition extends upward from the bottom surface of the bypass channel 2 to prevent the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel 2.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises an air outlet 3. Both ends of the air outlet 3 are in communication with the second gas part 121 and the external atmosphere, respectively. Here, the second gas part 121 is in communication with the air outlet 3 to realize immediate exhaust. The air outlet 3 has a third partition 17 extending upward from the bottom surface of the air outlet 3. Here, by providing the third partition 17, it is helpful to prevent the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber 1 from entering the air outlet 3 due to the rise in liquid level, ensuring basic gas-liquid separation.
This embodiment also discloses a ventilation and deodorization system, comprising an air outlet channel 200 and a deodorization device 300 communicating with each other. The ventilation and deodorization system further comprises the above-mentioned gas pressure protection device 100. The first gas part 111 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200.
In this embodiment, the ventilation and deodorization system using the gas pressure protection device 100 has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
This embodiment also discloses a deep drainage tunnel, comprising a tunnel body, and the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system. The air outlet channel 200 is in communication with the main body of the tunnel.
In this embodiment, the deep drainage tunnel using the ventilation and deodorization system has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will understand that these are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this solution, the float switch controls the opening and closing of the water inlet device to achieve real-time water replenishment.
Preferably, liquid sealing chamber further comprises an emptying area. The emptying area is in communication with the water replenishing area. A water pump is provided in the emptying area. The water pump is used to discharge the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part, the second liquid part and the third liquid part. In this solution, the water pump in the emptying area can regularly drain the water in the liquid sealing chamber. After the stored water is emptied, the water inlet device can be used to replenish the water to replace the stored water, thereby ensuring that the quality of the stored water is good and the stored water can exert a water washing effect normally when gas escapes and pressure is released.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a drainage device, and the water pump is connected to the drainage device.
In this solution, the liquid sealing medium is discharged from the liquid sealing chamber through the drainage device.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises a bypass channel.
One end of the bypass channel is in communication with the first gas part, and the other end of the bypass channel is connected to the air outlet channel.
In this solution, the gas pressure protection device is in communication with the air outlet channel through the bypass channel.
Preferably, the bottom end of the bypass channel is higher than the liquid level of the first liquid part.
In this solution, the above structural arrangement is adopted to prevent the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel and improve the safety of the gas pressure protection device during use.
Preferably, the gas pressure protection device further comprises an air outlet, and both ends of the air outlet are in communication with the second gas part and the outside atmosphere, respectively.
In this solution, the second gas part is in communication with the air outlet, so that the gas is discharged to the outside atmosphere through the air outlet.
Preferably, the air outlet has a third partition extending upward from the bottom surface of the air outlet.
In this solution, by providing the third partition, it is helpful to prevent the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber from entering the air outlet due to the rise in liquid level, ensuring basic gas-liquid separation.
A ventilation and deodorization system is provided, comprising an air outlet channel and a deodorization device that are in communication with to each other.
The ventilation and deodorization system further comprises the above-mentioned gas pressure protection device. The first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel.
In this solution, the ventilation and deodorization system using the above-mentioned pressure protection device has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
A deep drainage tunnel is provided, comprising a tunnel main body. The deep drainage tunnel further comprises the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system. The air outlet channel is in communication with the tunnel main body.
In this solution, the deep drainage tunnel using the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
On the basis of common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain preferred examples of the present invention.
The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:
In the gas pressure protection device, after the gas pressure in the air outlet channel exceeds the allowable pressure of the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the liquid sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber is pressed and destroyed, and the gas sequentially enters the first gas part, the first liquid part, the second liquid part, and the second gas part, and overflows to the outside atmosphere. Once the pressure in the air outlet channel returns to normal, a liquid sealing layer will be formed again to ensure that the gas pressure in the air outlet channel is within a safe pressure range. While achieving gas pressure protection, the gas can contact the liquid sealing medium in the liquid sealing chamber during the overflow process, exerting a water washing effect and reducing the odor concentration of the dissipated gas. This adapts to the characteristics of large deep drainage tunnels with large air volume and large fluctuations, and can adopt reinforced concrete structures, which are simple in structure and flexible in implementation. Correspondingly, the ventilation and deodorization systems and the deep drainage tunnel comprising the gas pressure protection device have the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of a gas pressure protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a gas pressure protection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference signs 100 gas pressure protection device 1 liquid sealing chamber 2 bypass channel 3 air outlet 11 liquid sealing area 12 gas scrubbing pressure relief area 13 water replenishing area 14 emptying area 15 first partition 151 first pore passage 16 second partition 161 second pore passage 17 third partition 111 first gas part 112 first liquid part 121 second gas part 122 second liquid part 131 third gas part 132 third liquid part 123 deflector plate 133 float switch 141 water pump 200 air outlet channel 300 deodorization device DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.
This embodiment discloses a gas pressure protection device 100 for a ventilation and deodorization systems of a deep drainage tunnel. As shown in Figs. 1-2, the gas pressure protection device 100 comprises a liquid sealing chamber 1. The liquid sealing chamber 1 comprises a liquid sealing area 11 and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The liquid sealing area 11 comprises a first gas part 111 and a first liquid part 112 arranged up and down. The gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 comprises a second gas part 121 and a second liquid part 122 arranged up and down. The first liquid part 112 and the second liquid part 122 are used to accommodate the liquid sealing medium. Here, the first liquid part 112 is in communication with the second liquid part 122. The first gas part 111 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200 of the ventilation and deodorization system. The second gas part 121 is in communication with the outside atmosphere.
In this embodiment, as the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 increases, the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part 112 and the second liquid part will form a liquid level difference. Once the pressure is too high, that is, the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 exceeds the pressure allowed by the ventilation and deodorization system of the deep drainage tunnel, the liquid sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber 1 will be pressed and destroyed, and the gas enters the first gas part 111, the first liquid part 112, the second liquid part 122, and the second gas part 121 in sequence, and overflows to the outside atmosphere.
Once the pressure in the air outlet channel 200 returns to normal, a liquid sealing layer will be formed again, thereby ensuring that the gas pressure in the air outlet channel 200 is within a safe pressure range. In addition, this embodiment realizes gas pressure protection and at the same time, the gas can contact the liquid sealing medium in the liquid sealing chamber 1 during the overflow process, exerting a water washing effect and reducing the odor concentration of the dissipated gas.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the liquid sealing medium is specifically water. In other alternative embodiments, the liquid sealing medium can also be other liquids.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 comprises a first partition 15, which is connected to the inner wall of the liquid sealing chamber 1 to divide the liquid sealing chamber 1 into a liquid sealing area 11 and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 which are adjacently arranged. Specifically, the first partition 15 is connected to the top wall and side wall of the liquid sealing area 11. A first pore passage 151 is formed by the bottom of the first partition 15 and the bottom wall of the liquid sealing area 11 so that the first liquid part 112 is in communication with the second liquid part 122.
Here, by providing the first pore passage 151, the gas in the liquid sealing area 11 enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 through the first pore passage 151.
The pressure difference between the liquid sealing medium of the first liquid part 112 and the liquid sealing medium of the second liquid part 122 is less than the preset air pressure of the deodorization device 300 in the ventilation and deodorization system. The above arrangement allows the water sealing layer in the liquid sealing chamber to be pressed and destroyed when the air pressure allowed by the deodorization device is exceeded, so that the gas overflows to the outside through the pore passage at the bottom of the first partition. It should be noted that the preset air pressure of the deodorization device may be the maximum air pressure that the deodorization device can withstand under different working conditions.
The gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 has a plurality of deflector plates 123.
One end of the deflector plates 123 is connected to a side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12, and the other end extends obliquely upward and forms a gap with the other side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The gaps of the two adjacent deflector plates 123 are arranged staggeredly to form an "S"
shaped gas channel in the second liquid part 122. Here, by arranging the deflector plates 123 extending obliquely upward, the gas is guided to flow along the "S"
shaped gas channel, which extends the flow path of the gas in the liquid sealing chamber 1. This increases the residence time of the gas in the liquid sealing medium, and thereby enables the gas overflow process to fully contact the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber 1, thereby enhancing the water washing effect.
In other alternative embodiments, the deflector plates 123 can also be in other forms, as long as it can realize gas diversion and extend the gas flow path.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises a water replenishing area 13.
The water replenishing area 13 comprises a third gas part 131 and a third liquid part 132 arranged up and down. The third gas part 131 and the third liquid part 132 are in communication with the second gas part 121 and the second liquid part 122, respectively. Here, the water replenishing area 13 is used to replenish the water due to daily evaporation and the moisture taken away by the overflow gas. By replenishing the liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area 13, the liquid sealing area 11 and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 are replenished.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises a second partition 16, through which the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are separated. Specifically, the second partition 16 is connected to the side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. A second pore passage 161 is formed between the second partition 16 and the bottom wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12. The liquid sealing area 11, the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 communicate with each other through the first pore passage 151 and the second pore passage 161. The liquid sealing medium in the water replenishing area enters the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 through the second pore passage 161 to achieve liquid replenishment. There is a space between the second partition 16 and the top wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 so that the liquid levels in the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are the same.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises a water inlet device.
The water replenishing area 13 is provided with a float switch 133, and the float switch 133 is connected to the water inlet device. The float switch 133 is used to control the water inlet device to replenish liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area 13 when the liquid level of the third liquid part 132 is less than a preset threshold. Here, the float switch 133 controls the opening and closing of the water inlet device to achieve real-time water replenishment. Specifically, the water inlet device may be an external water supply pipe.
In specific use, since the liquid levels of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area 12 and the water replenishing area 13 are the same, the float switch 133 can be set on the liquid surface of the third liquid part 132 and detect the liquid level height of the third liquid part 132. When it is detected that the liquid level is lower than the preset threshold, the float switch 133 is opened, and the water supply pipe replenishes water to the water replenishing area 13. Until it is detected that the liquid level is not lower than the threshold, the float switch 133 is closed and the water supply pipe stops inflowing.
The liquid sealing chamber 1 further comprises an emptying area 14. The emptying area 14 is provided on a side of the water replenishing area 13. The emptying area is in communication with the water replenishing area 13. A water pump 141 is provided in the emptying area, and the water pump 141 is connected to a drainage device (for example, a water outlet pipe). The liquid sealing medium is discharged from the liquid sealing chamber 1 through the drainage device. The water pump 141 can drain the water stored in the liquid sealing chamber 1 regularly.
After the stored water is emptied, the water inlet device (for example, an external water supply pipe) can be used to replenish the water to replace the stored water, thereby ensuring that the quality of the stored water is good and that the stored water can exert a water washing effect normally when gas escapes and pressure is released.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises a bypass channel 2.
One end of the bypass channel 2 is in communication with the first gas part 111, and the other end of the bypass channel 2 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200. Here, the gas pressure protection device 100 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200 through the bypass channel 2. The bottom end of the bypass channel 2 is higher than the liquid level of the first liquid part 112, or the bottom end of the bypass channel 2 is flush with the liquid level in the first liquid part 112. Adopting the above structural arrangement prevents the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel 2 and improves the safety of the gas pressure protection device 100 during use.
It should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, a fourth partition may also be provided in the bypass channel 2. The fourth partition extends upward from the bottom surface of the bypass channel 2 to prevent the liquid sealing medium from entering the bypass channel 2.
The gas pressure protection device 100 further comprises an air outlet 3. Both ends of the air outlet 3 are in communication with the second gas part 121 and the external atmosphere, respectively. Here, the second gas part 121 is in communication with the air outlet 3 to realize immediate exhaust. The air outlet 3 has a third partition 17 extending upward from the bottom surface of the air outlet 3. Here, by providing the third partition 17, it is helpful to prevent the liquid in the liquid sealing chamber 1 from entering the air outlet 3 due to the rise in liquid level, ensuring basic gas-liquid separation.
This embodiment also discloses a ventilation and deodorization system, comprising an air outlet channel 200 and a deodorization device 300 communicating with each other. The ventilation and deodorization system further comprises the above-mentioned gas pressure protection device 100. The first gas part 111 is in communication with the air outlet channel 200.
In this embodiment, the ventilation and deodorization system using the gas pressure protection device 100 has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
This embodiment also discloses a deep drainage tunnel, comprising a tunnel body, and the above-mentioned ventilation and deodorization system. The air outlet channel 200 is in communication with the main body of the tunnel.
In this embodiment, the deep drainage tunnel using the ventilation and deodorization system has the advantages of small gas pressure fluctuations and good stability.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will understand that these are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A gas pressure protection device for a ventilation and deodorization systems of a deep drainage tunnel, characterized in that the gas pressure protection device comprises a liquid sealing chamber, and the liquid sealing chamber comprises a liquid sealing area and a gas scrubbing pressure relief area, wherein the liquid sealing area comprises a first gas part and a first liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the gas scrubbing pressure relief area comprises a second gas part and a second liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the first liquid part and the second liquid part is used to accommodate the liquid sealing medium, wherein the first liquid part is in communication with the second liquid part, wherein the first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel of the ventilation and deodorization system, wherein the second gas part is in communication with the outside atmosphere.
2. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid sealing chamber comprises a first partition, wherein the first partition is connected to the inner wall of the liquid sealing chamber to divide the liquid sealing chamber into the liquid sealing area and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area which are adjacently arranged.
3. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 2, wherein pore passages are provided at the bottom of the first partition to communicate the first liquid part and the second liquid part.
4. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the pressure difference between the liquid sealing medium of the first liquid part and the liquid sealing medium of the second liquid part is less than the preset safety air pressure of the deodorization device in the ventilation and deodorization system.
5. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas scrubbing pressure relief area has a plurality of deflector plates, wherein one end of the deflector plates is connected to a side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area, and the other end extends obliquely upward and forms a gap with the other side wall of the gas scrubbing pressure relief area, and wherein the gaps of two adjacent deflector plates are arranged staggeredly to form an "S" shaped gas channel in the second liquid part.
6. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a water replenishing area, wherein the water replenishing area comprises a third gas part and a third liquid part arranged up and down, wherein the third gas part and the third liquid part are in communication with the second gas part and the second liquid part, respectively.
7. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 6, wherein the liquid sealing chamber further comprises a second partition, and the gas scrubbing pressure relief area and the water replenishing area are separated by the second partition.
8. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 6, wherein the gas pressure protection device further comprises a water inlet device, and the water replenishing area is provided with a float switch, wherein the float switch is connected to the water inlet device, wherein the float switch is used to control the water inlet device to replenish liquid sealing medium to the water replenishing area when the liquid level of the second liquid part or the third liquid part is less than a preset threshold.
9. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the liquid sealing chamber further comprises an emptying area, and the emptying area is in communication with the water replenishing area, wherein a water pump is provided in the emptying area, wherein the water pump is used to discharge the liquid sealing medium in the first liquid part, the second liquid part and the third liquid part.
10. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 9, wherein the gas pressure protection device further comprises a drainage device, and the water pump is connected to the drainage device.
11. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the gas pressure protection device further comprises a bypass channel, wherein one end of the bypass channel is in communication with the first gas part, and the other end of the bypass channel is in communication with the air outlet channel.
12. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 11, wherein the bottom end of the bypass channel is higher than the liquid level of the first liquid part.
13. The gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the gas pressure protection device further comprises an air outlet, and both ends of the air outlet are in communication with the second gas part and the outside atmosphere, respectively.
14. The gas pressure protection device according to claim 13, wherein the air outlet has a third partition, and the third partition extends upward from the bottom surface of the air outlet.
15. A ventilation and deodorization system, comprising an air outlet channel and a deodorization device that are in communication with to each other, characterized in that the ventilation and deodorization system further comprises a gas pressure protection device according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the first gas part is in communication with the air outlet channel.
16. A deep drainage tunnel, comprising a tunnel main body, characterized in that the deep drainage tunnel further comprises a ventilation and deodorization system according to claim 15, wherein the air outlet channel is in communication with the tunnel main body.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110897312.7A CN113586146A (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Gas pressure protection device, ventilation deodorization system and deep drainage tunnel |
| CN202110897312.7 | 2021-08-05 | ||
| PCT/CN2022/077234 WO2023010830A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-02-22 | Gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system, and deep drainage tunnel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CA3227970A1 true CA3227970A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
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| CA3227970A Pending CA3227970A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2022-02-22 | Gas pressure protection device, ventilation and deodorization system, and deep drainage tunnel |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113586146A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3227970A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023010830A1 (en) |
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| CN113586146A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Gas pressure protection device, ventilation deodorization system and deep drainage tunnel |
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| NO128921B (en) * | 1971-11-09 | 1974-01-28 | Maritime Protection As | |
| CN104879839B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 长安大学 | Night shift room modular air cleaning system and method in a kind of Extra-long Highway Tunnel hole |
| CN107021558A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-08 | 机科发展科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus using drop filter processing sewage and foul smell |
| CN107349767A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-17 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Organic waste gas treatment device |
| JP7093622B2 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2022-06-30 | クボタ環境サ－ビス株式会社 | Deodorizer |
| CN110410135B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-12-31 | 山东科技大学 | Full-wet type circulating water filtering and dust removing system for roadway driving working face and working method |
| CN110836282A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-25 | 张殿龙 | Hydraulic safety valve |
| CN110985025B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-01-26 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Method for reconstructing shield tunnel to carry out mine construction |
| CN111379590B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-26 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Drainage system and drainage method in tunnel operation period |
| CN212253715U (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-12-29 | 成都易态科技有限公司 | Air pressure protection system |
| CN112943338B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2023-10-31 | 凌振英 | A ventilation unit for tunnel construction |
| CN113586146A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Gas pressure protection device, ventilation deodorization system and deep drainage tunnel |
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2021
- 2021-08-05 CN CN202110897312.7A patent/CN113586146A/en active Pending
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2022
- 2022-02-22 CA CA3227970A patent/CA3227970A1/en active Pending
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| CN113586146A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| WO2023010830A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
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