CA3159539A1 - System and method for physiological measurements from optical data - Google Patents

System and method for physiological measurements from optical data Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA3159539A1
CA3159539A1 CA3159539A CA3159539A CA3159539A1 CA 3159539 A1 CA3159539 A1 CA 3159539A1 CA 3159539 A CA3159539 A CA 3159539A CA 3159539 A CA3159539 A CA 3159539A CA 3159539 A1 CA3159539 A1 CA 3159539A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
face
optical data
data
camera
fingertip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CA3159539A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Maman
Konstantin GEDALIN
Michael MARKZON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BinahAi Ltd
Original Assignee
Gedalin Konstantin
BinahAi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gedalin Konstantin, BinahAi Ltd filed Critical Gedalin Konstantin
Publication of CA3159539A1 publication Critical patent/CA3159539A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/024Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02416Measuring pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0012Biomedical image inspection
    • G06T7/0014Biomedical image inspection using an image reference approach
    • G06T7/0016Biomedical image inspection using an image reference approach involving temporal comparison
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0077Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/024Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02405Determining heart rate variability
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/024Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02438Measuring pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14542Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring blood gases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14557Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted to extracorporeal circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/04Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
    • G06N3/045Combinations of networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/04Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
    • G06N3/0464Convolutional networks [CNN, ConvNet]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02Neural networks
    • G06N3/08Learning methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/20Special algorithmic details
    • G06T2207/20084Artificial neural networks [ANN]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30076Plethysmography

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
CA3159539A 2019-12-02 2020-12-01 System and method for physiological measurements from optical data Pending CA3159539A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962942247P 2019-12-02 2019-12-02
US62/942,247 2019-12-02
PCT/IL2020/051238 WO2021111436A1 (en) 2019-12-02 2020-12-01 System and method for physiological measurements from optical data

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA3159539A1 true CA3159539A1 (en) 2021-06-10

Family

ID=76222491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA3159539A Pending CA3159539A1 (en) 2019-12-02 2020-12-01 System and method for physiological measurements from optical data

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20230000376A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP4033972A4 (https=)
JP (1) JP2023505111A (https=)
CN (1) CN114929101A (https=)
CA (1) CA3159539A1 (https=)
IL (1) IL293538A (https=)
WO (1) WO2021111436A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013102144A2 (en) 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Halozyme, Inc. Ph20 polypeptede variants, formulations and uses thereof
US12226188B2 (en) 2012-12-31 2025-02-18 Omni Medsci, Inc. Active illumination and time-of-flight camera system to evaluate facial blood flow, eye movements and physiological parameters
US12193790B2 (en) 2012-12-31 2025-01-14 Omni Medsci, Inc. Wearable devices comprising semiconductor diode light sources with improved signal-to-noise ratio
US10660526B2 (en) 2012-12-31 2020-05-26 Omni Medsci, Inc. Near-infrared time-of-flight imaging using laser diodes with Bragg reflectors
US12484787B2 (en) 2012-12-31 2025-12-02 Omni Medsci, Inc. Measurements using camera imaging tissue comprising skin or the hand
US12502080B2 (en) 2012-12-31 2025-12-23 Omni Medsci, Inc. Camera based wearable devices with artificial intelligence assistants
USD958171S1 (en) * 2020-08-14 2022-07-19 Cooey Health, Inc. Display screen with graphical user interface for clinician-patient video conference
US20230320667A1 (en) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-12 Faceheart Inc Corporation Contactless physiological measurement device and method
WO2023214957A1 (en) * 2022-05-02 2023-11-09 Elite HRV, Inc. Machine learning models for estimating physiological biomarkers
US20240041334A1 (en) * 2022-08-04 2024-02-08 Biotrillion, Inc. Systems and methods for measuring physiologic vital signs and biomarkers using optical data
TWI874153B (zh) * 2024-03-06 2025-02-21 國立成功大學 用於辨識心律不整之影像重建ecg訊號方法及其偵測系統

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4609253B2 (ja) * 2005-09-08 2011-01-12 オムロン株式会社 なりすまし検出装置及び顔認証装置
JP5421727B2 (ja) * 2009-10-20 2014-02-19 キヤノン株式会社 画像処理装置およびその制御方法
RU2625947C2 (ru) * 2012-05-01 2017-07-19 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Устройство и способ для извлечения информации из дистанционно обнаруживаемых характеристических сигналов
JP6102433B2 (ja) * 2013-03-29 2017-03-29 富士通株式会社 脈波検出プログラム、脈波検出方法および脈波検出装置
US9955880B2 (en) * 2014-10-27 2018-05-01 Tata Consultancy Services Limited Estimating physiological parameters
CN107405093A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2017-11-28 奥林巴斯株式会社 图像处理装置、摄像装置、图像处理方法和程序
JP2016214519A (ja) * 2015-05-19 2016-12-22 日本電信電話株式会社 本人確認システム、本人確認方法、ユーザ端末、本人確認機器、及び血圧測定装置
JP6501643B2 (ja) * 2015-06-15 2019-04-17 フォスター電機株式会社 信号処理方法、生体信号処理方法、信号処理装置及び生体信号処理装置
CN105147274B (zh) * 2015-08-04 2018-06-15 河北工业大学 一种从可见光谱段人脸视频信号中提取心率的方法
GB201522406D0 (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-02-03 Xim Ltd A method, information processing apparatus and server for determining a physiological parameter of an individual
US10667723B2 (en) * 2016-02-19 2020-06-02 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for video-based monitoring of vital signs
JP6899395B2 (ja) * 2016-03-01 2021-07-07 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェKoninklijke Philips N.V. 対象のバイタルサインを決定するデバイス、システム及び方法
EP3432790A4 (en) * 2016-03-22 2019-10-02 Multisense BV SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTHENTICATING VITAL SIGNAL MEASUREMENTS FOR BIOMETRIC DETECTION THROUGH PHOTOPLETHYMOGRAPHY BY REMOVED SENSORS
US20180085009A1 (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-03-29 OCR Labs Pty Ltd Method and system for detecting user heart rate using live camera feed
JP6817782B2 (ja) * 2016-10-31 2021-01-20 三星電子株式会社Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. 脈拍検出装置及び脈拍検出方法
KR102655738B1 (ko) * 2016-12-27 2024-04-05 삼성전자주식회사 접촉형 혈압 측정 장치
EP3440996A1 (en) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Device, system and method for determining a physiological parameter of a subject
EP3494874A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-06-12 Koninklijke Philips N.V. A system and method for detecting motion sickness
US11259710B2 (en) * 2018-05-16 2022-03-01 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. System and method for remote measurements of vital signs
US10799182B2 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-10-13 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Video-based physiological measurement using neural networks
JP7443044B2 (ja) * 2019-12-13 2024-03-05 シャープ株式会社 生体情報取得装置、端末装置、生体情報取得方法、生体情報取得プログラム、及びコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114929101A (zh) 2022-08-19
WO2021111436A1 (en) 2021-06-10
IL293538A (en) 2022-08-01
EP4033972A4 (en) 2024-01-10
JP2023505111A (ja) 2023-02-08
EP4033972A1 (en) 2022-08-03
US20230000376A1 (en) 2023-01-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA3159539A1 (en) System and method for physiological measurements from optical data
US20240315573A1 (en) System and method for blood pressure measurements from optical data
US20230056557A1 (en) System and method for pulse transmit time measurement from optical data
Qiao et al. Measuring heart rate and heart rate variability with smartphone camera
Gudi et al. Efficient real-time camera based estimation of heart rate and its variability
KR101777738B1 (ko) 동영상을 이용하여 혈압을 추정하는 방법
Chatterjee et al. PPG based heart rate algorithm improvement with Butterworth IIR Filter and Savitzky-Golay FIR Filter
US20250275718A1 (en) System and method for blood alcohol measurements from optical data
US20110251493A1 (en) Method and system for measurement of physiological parameters
US20250082212A1 (en) System and method for blood pressure estimate based on ptt from the face
CN112233813A (zh) 一种基于ppg的非接触式无创心率呼吸测量方法及系统
US20150282746A1 (en) Methods and systems for extracting venous pulsation and respiratory information from photoplethysmographs
Lagido et al. Using the smartphone camera to monitor heart rate and rhythm in heart failure patients
JP2021045375A (ja) 生体情報検出装置及び生体情報検出方法
Wadehn et al. Estimation of heart rate and heart rate variability from pulse oximeter recordings using localized model fitting
Zhuang et al. Remote blood pressure measurement via spatiotemporal mapping of a short-time facial video
Islam et al. A non-invasive technique of early heart diseases prediction from photoplethysmography signal
CN118319278A (zh) 一种信号质量评估方法、电子设备及存储介质
Wang et al. KLT algorithm for non-contact heart rate detection based on image photoplethysmography
CN109770885A (zh) 一种基于预览帧的快速心率检测方法
Chatterjee et al. Algorithm To Calculate Heart Rate By Removing Touch Errors And Algorithm Analysis
Li Pulse rate variability measurement with camera-based photoplethysmography
Penke An Efficient Approach to Estimating Heart Rate from Facial Videos with Accurate Region of Interest
Bianchi et al. Signal processing for cardiovascular applications in p-health
Kadam et al. Cross-platform Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) based Heart's Vital Signs Monitoring

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
D11 Substantive examination requested

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-D10-D11-D117 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION RECEIVED

Effective date: 20241108

MFA Maintenance fee for application paid

Free format text: FEE DESCRIPTION TEXT: MF (APPLICATION, 4TH ANNIV.) - STANDARD

Year of fee payment: 4

P11 Amendment of application requested

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-P10-P11-P101 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: AMENDMENT RECEIVED - VOLUNTARY AMENDMENT

Effective date: 20241108

U00 Fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-U10-U00-U101 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE REQUEST RECEIVED

Effective date: 20241108

U11 Full renewal or maintenance fee paid

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-U10-U11-U102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE FEE PAYMENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20241108

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-U10-U11-U102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: MAINTENANCE FEE PAYMENT PAID IN FULL

Effective date: 20241108

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-W10-W00-W111 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: CORRESPONDENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20241108

D00 Search and/or examination requested or commenced

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-D10-D00-D118 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20241219

P11 Amendment of application requested

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-P10-P11-P102 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: AMENDMENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20250312

P13 Application amended

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-P10-P13-X000 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: APPLICATION AMENDED

Effective date: 20250312

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-W10-W00-W111 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: CORRESPONDENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20250312

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-1-W10-W00-W100 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: LETTER SENT

Effective date: 20250424

D11 Substantive examination requested

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-2-D10-D11-D155 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: ALL REQUIREMENTS FOR EXAMINATION DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20250430

R00 Party data change recorded

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-R10-R00-R119 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: REVOCATION OF AGENT REQUEST

Effective date: 20250703

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-W10-W00-W111 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: CORRESPONDENT DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20250709

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-W10-W00-W100 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: LETTER SENT

Effective date: 20260112

R17 Change to representative recorded

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-R10-R17-R121 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: REVOCATION OF AGENT REQUIREMENTS DETERMINED COMPLIANT

Effective date: 20260220

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-W10-W00-W100 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: LETTER SENT

Effective date: 20260220

W00 Other event occurred

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-W10-W00-W100 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE); EVENT TEXT: LETTER SENT

Effective date: 20260223