CA2667497A1 - Hydraulic machine - Google Patents

Hydraulic machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2667497A1
CA2667497A1 CA002667497A CA2667497A CA2667497A1 CA 2667497 A1 CA2667497 A1 CA 2667497A1 CA 002667497 A CA002667497 A CA 002667497A CA 2667497 A CA2667497 A CA 2667497A CA 2667497 A1 CA2667497 A1 CA 2667497A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
spiral housing
crossbar
wheel
hydraulic machine
circumferential edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002667497A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2667497C (en
Inventor
Bodo Quaschnowitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2667497A1 publication Critical patent/CA2667497A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2667497C publication Critical patent/CA2667497C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16Stators
    • F03B3/18Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186Spiral or volute casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A hydraulic machine having the following features is disclosed: - an impeller having a plurality of blades; - a spiral housing surrounding the impeller, and open toward the same by means of a circumferential slot, formed by two circumferential edges; - a traverse ring comprising two traverse ring shrouds, which are connected to each other by means of tie rods; - the spiral housing being connected to connecting surfaces of the traverse ring shrouds in the region of the circumferential edges. The hydraulic machine is characterized by the following features: - the regions of the circumferential edges are configured and/or disposed such that both extend parallel to the axis of rotation of the impeller, or form an angle alpha of no more than 11 degrees with the same.

Description

WO 2008/049479 PCT/E:P2007f007320 Hydraulic Machine This invention relates to a hydraulic machine, in particular a hydro turbine, pump turbine or pump according to the preamble of Claim 1. These niay be machines of the Francis design, the Kaplan design, or other machines. The essential thing is that these are machines with a spiral housing.

By way of example, reference is rnade to US-A-4 496 282 or DE 199 50 228 Al.

The spiral. housing of such a machine surrounds the wheel and is positioned at a plane vertical to the wheel's axis. Since the axis of the wheel generally extends vertically, this is a horizontal plane.

The spiral housing is open on the inside facing the wheel. It features a slit circling the inner circumference of the spiral housing so that the mediuin can flow from the spiral housing through the slot to the wheel around the entire inner circumference.
Thus, the slit is defined by two circuinferential edges.

The said slit is connected in the direction of the flow to a ring of crossbars comprising two crossbar ring decks arranged concentrically in relation to the axis of the wheel and are evenly spaced in the axial direction. The decks are connected via tie-bars, i.e., the so-called crossbars. In addition, each of the above-mentioned circumferential edges of the spiral casing is finnly connected to one of the two crossbar ring decks.

The crossbar ring serves to prevent the spiral casing from expanding under the high 20 internal pressure.

Thus, the above-mentioned tie-bars, as well as the point of connection between each respective crossbar ring deck and the associated circumferential edge of the spiral ~paragranh conti!?~1e- on next paaP.li WO 2008/049479 P+CTIEP2007l007320
2 housing, are exposed to certain forces. The connection must have an absolutely reliable design that is capable of resisting extreme force. It must also be taken into account that pressure fluctuations or oscillations may occur.

Substantial efforts have been made to provide a permanent and stable design for the connection while using as little material as possible. Generally, this is a welded connection between the respective circumferential edge of the spiral housing and the associated crossbar ring deck. This connection has proven to be expensive and time-consuming to produce.

The underlying task of this invention is to design a hydraulic machine of the type t0 mentioned above, featuring a spiral housing and a crossbar ring. It should he designed in such a way that the connection between the circumferential edges ofthe slit in the spiral housing and the associated crossbar ring deck is even safer than with previously known machines.

This task is solved through the features of Claim 1.

According to the said claim, the sections of the circumferential edges of the spiral housing - viewed as an axial section - are formed in such a way that they are approximately parallel to the axis of the wheel. A minor deviation from parallelism is perxnissible. However, it should not be more than 11 degrees. A small deviation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 degrees can be advantageous given that the eircumferential edge shows a ttinor 20 inclination towards the axis of the wheel. in practice, the variation will be between 5 and I l degrees.

The spiral housing is usually composed of segments. Viewed in an axial cross-section, the segments are rougbly circular in shape, except, of course, for the edge areas. Outside [paragraph continued on next page]

WO 2008/049479 PCT/:EP2007/007320
3 the edge areas, however, the shape of the segments may also deviate f.roin the circular shape, as can be seen in the figures.

The invention presents the following advantages:

The stresses in the entire spiral housing are largely uniform. The forces and momentums exercised on the crossbars are at a minitnunl. At the point of connection between the edges of the spiral housing and the crossbar rings, the flexural stresses that occur are minor.

Due to the even distribution of stress, all coznponents involved can be provided with an optimized design. This results in a niininlized wall strength of the spiral casing and the cross-sections of the crossbars.

This can be achieved as follows:

The relevant edge area of the spiral housing is designed in such a way that, due to the edge, an area tangential to the spiral housing is nearly parallel to the turbine axis. In that case, the cross-section of the spiral housing deviates from the circular shape it normally takes, at least in the connection area.

The beneficial effect can be explained as. follows: Minor force coinponents of tensile force with a radial outwards or inwards effect occur, affecting the walls of the spiral housing.

The current state of the art as well as the invention are explained in detail based on the 20 drawing. The individual figures show as follows:

Figure l: shows the essential coniponents of a conventional Francis turbine in a meridian section.

WO 2008%049479 PCTlEP2007/007320
4 Figure 2: shows a meridian section of a spiral housing with both crossbar ring decks of a crossbar ring according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Figure 3: shows a meridian section of a spiral housing with both crossbar ring decks of a crossbar ring according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 4: shows a three-dimensional representation of the first einbodiment of the invention.

The Francis turbine shown in Figure I features a wheel (1) comprising a number of blades (1.1). The wheel (1) revolves around an axis (2).

The wheel ( I) is surrounded by a spiral housing (3). The spiral housing (3) may feature a circular cross-section, for example. It has a circutnferential, slit-shaped opening to the wheel (1). The opening slit is limited by the circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2).

A crossbar ring (4) connects to the circumferential slit formed by the edges (3.1, 3.2).
The crossbar ring features two crossbar ring decks (4.1 and 4.2). One crossbar (4.3) serves as a tie-bar.

The areas of the circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2) of the spiral housing are welded to the crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2).

Between the crossbar ring and the wheel is a guide vane apparatus with a vane
(5).

A suction pipe (6) featuring multiple sections is connected to the wheel ( 1) in the direction of the flow.

Wt? 2008/049479 PCT/EP20071007320 As can be seen, the spiral housing has a circular cross-section. The areas of the circumferential edges are tilted towards the vertical at the points of connection to the two crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2). This means that the edge areas of the spiral housing do not extend parallel to the axis (2) of the wheel (1). See angle a in Figure 1. It is at 5 approximately 15 to 40 degrees.

Figures 2 and 3 demonstrate two different embodiments of the invention. For the rest, the related hydraulic machinery can be designed the same way as the machicie shown in Figure 1.

Both embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3 share the characteristic that the spiral housings stand nearly vertically on the connection areas of the related crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2) in the area of the circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2).

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, this is achieved through the deformation of the edge areas of the spiral housing (3) from the circular form. They extend practically parallel to the axis (2) according to Figure 1. They are attached by mans of welded seains (7).

In the second embodiment according to Figure 3, the crossbar rings (4.1, 4.2) have a conventional shape and arrangement. The edge areas (3.1, 3.2) stand vertically on the crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2) and, accordingly, extend parallel to the axis (2) of the wheel (1). The reiriaining cross-section of the spiral housing (3) is roughly elliptical.

20 From the viewpoint of the even distribution of stresses, the execution of Figure 2 is preferable over that of Figure 3.

T1hrr third p'mbodin~~:~fi nf tl::.' invpnti^I:, sholu*: i!: Fia'..i.rP d, f~'wt',...jres ;??^;'~ o:`I~'wU

conventional crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2). However, the cross-section of the spiral housing does not form a si.ngle circle but consists of three arcs: namely, a first arc 25 [paragraph continued on next page]
6 (3.3) and a second and third arc (3.4, 3.5). The first arc (3.3) features a relatively large radius Rl, wlule the other two arcs (3.4, 3.5) both feature a relatively small arc R2.

The connection points between the spiral housing (3) - in this case, the two arcs (3.4, 3.5), on the one hand, and the crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2), on the other hand - are nearly perpendicular.

The tie-bar (4.3) extends in the same direction as the two edge areas of the circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2) of the spiral housing (3). The lines of the tensile strengths in the tie-bar (4.3) and the edge areas of the arcs (3.4, 3.5) are aligned.

WO 2008/449479 P'CT/EP2007/007324
7 R.efereilce List 1 Wheel 1.1 Blades 2 Axis 3 Spiral housiiig 3.1 Cireumferential. edge of the spiral housing 3.2 Circumferential edge of the spiral housing 3.3 First arc with large dialneter 3.4 Second are with smaller diameter 3.5 Third arc with smaller diameter 4 Crossbar ring 4.1 Crossbar ring deck 4.2 Crossbar ring deck 4.3 Crossbar 5 Vane 6 Suction pipe 7 Welded seams

Claims (4)

Claims
1. A hydraulic machine 1.1 with a wheel (1) featuring a multitude of blades (1.1);

1.2 with a spiral housing (3) surrounding the wheel (1) and facing it with a circumferential slit formed by two circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2);

1.3 with a crossbar ring (4) comprising two crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2) connected via tie-bars (4.3);

1.4 The spiral housing (3) is connected to the crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2) in the area of the circumferential edges (3.1, 3.2);

characterized by the following properties:

1.5 The areas of the circumferential edges are designed and/or arranged in such a way that they both extend parallel to the axis (2) of the wheel (1) or form an angle, a, of no more than 11 degrees.
2. Hydraulic machine according to Claim 1, wherein the spiral housing (3), when viewed as a meridian section, consists of arcs with various diameters.
3. Hydraulic machine according to Claim 2, wherein the spiral housing is made up of two arcs (3.4, 3.5) that are a bit closer to the crossbar ring decks (4.1,
4.2) and feature smaller diameters, and another arc (3.3) that is a bit farther away from the crossbar ring decks (4.1, 4.2) and features a larger radius.
CA2667497A 2006-10-25 2007-08-18 Hydraulic machine Active CA2667497C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006050203.5 2006-10-25
DE102006050203A DE102006050203A1 (en) 2006-10-25 2006-10-25 Hydraulic machine, particularly water turbine, pumping turbine or pump, has impeller with multiple blades, spiral housing surrounding impeller and traverse ring
PCT/EP2007/007320 WO2008049479A1 (en) 2006-10-25 2007-08-18 Hydraulic machine having a specially shaped spiral housing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2667497A1 true CA2667497A1 (en) 2008-05-02
CA2667497C CA2667497C (en) 2016-05-03

Family

ID=38722678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2667497A Active CA2667497C (en) 2006-10-25 2007-08-18 Hydraulic machine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2089631A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101548095B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0718132A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2667497C (en)
CO (1) CO6180471A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102006050203A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2009004315A (en)
RU (1) RU2450157C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2008049479A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011113442A1 (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-14 Voith Patent Gmbh Hydraulic machine with top suction manifold
DE102011116277A1 (en) * 2011-10-19 2013-04-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Hydraulic machine

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU33468A1 (en) * 1932-11-23 1933-11-30 В.А. Тиме Multistep water turbine with a consistent supply of water to the impellers
US2656096A (en) * 1946-01-04 1953-10-20 Rateau Soc Centrifugal pump and compressor
DE1285960B (en) * 1962-05-22 1968-12-19 Voith Gmbh J M Inlet device for Kaplan and Francis turbines
GB1244727A (en) * 1967-12-08 1971-09-02 Cav Ltd Liquid fuel injection pumping apparatus
DE1703041B1 (en) * 1968-03-25 1971-12-23 Voith Gmbh J M SPIRAL HOUSING FOR FLOW MACHINES
JPS52104641A (en) * 1977-03-14 1977-09-02 Hitachi Ltd Speed ring in hydraulic machinery
JPS55142973A (en) * 1979-04-25 1980-11-07 Hitachi Ltd Stay ring of water wheel
DE3428473C1 (en) * 1984-08-02 1985-12-19 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Turbo engine, such as water turbine, pump or pump turbine, with a spiral housing
JP2000145608A (en) * 1998-11-06 2000-05-26 Toshiba Corp Hydraulic machine
AT412008B (en) * 2002-05-16 2004-08-26 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co SPIRAL OF A FLOWING MACHINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2009004315A (en) 2009-07-16
BRPI0718132A2 (en) 2013-11-05
EP2089631A1 (en) 2009-08-19
CO6180471A2 (en) 2010-07-19
RU2009119455A (en) 2010-11-27
CA2667497C (en) 2016-05-03
CN101548095A (en) 2009-09-30
WO2008049479A1 (en) 2008-05-02
RU2450157C2 (en) 2012-05-10
DE102006050203A1 (en) 2008-04-30
CN101548095B (en) 2013-07-17

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