CA2648922A1 - Method and system for automated mass manufacturing of custom tooth die models for use in the fabrication of dental prosthetics - Google Patents
Method and system for automated mass manufacturing of custom tooth die models for use in the fabrication of dental prosthetics Download PDFInfo
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- CA2648922A1 CA2648922A1 CA002648922A CA2648922A CA2648922A1 CA 2648922 A1 CA2648922 A1 CA 2648922A1 CA 002648922 A CA002648922 A CA 002648922A CA 2648922 A CA2648922 A CA 2648922A CA 2648922 A1 CA2648922 A1 CA 2648922A1
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- dental
- tooth
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- models
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 210000004195 gingiva Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 4
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000332 tooth crown Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 5-[(3as,4s,6ar)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-n-(6-hydrazinyl-6-oxohexyl)pentanamide Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCCCC(=O)NN)SC[C@@H]21 IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000667653 Duta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238558 Eucarida Species 0.000 description 1
- 101150060240 FAB1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010018341 Gliosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001435619 Lile Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100232411 Mus musculus Clns1a gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WFWLQNSHRPWKFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tegafur Chemical group O=C1NC(=O)C(F)=CN1C1OCCC1 WFWLQNSHRPWKFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000566576 Tyto Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013479 data entry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007387 gliosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101150085091 lat-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Methods and systems for treating teeth include capturing a digital dental model taken within on oral cavity; modifying ll.e digital model in planning a dental treatment or iii designing a tooth die model for a dental prosthetic; creating physical models from the original or modified digital models; and using the physical models as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
Description
't~ni+a'll'fIt)U ANll SYS'",'tti'i FO1I AtITOMAi"II~ D MASS
IVIANU'k+~'A.C:TUR[W OF
(:1~5'Y'~L1~I 'T+mt`7'1'IJE AI1: NI+(-DEI..S Vt11Ft USE IN THE
t+'Al3RICA'1'lON UV
DENTAL p'ROS T lI I;'i'rCS
BACKGROUND
'flic prescrit inve-ztian iclatcs to tttilizing digital dental models to directly irianu('acttyrc cListom tooth die inodels Ihat can be riscd as a pattcrt1 to fabricate dental prost hetios such as crowns.
In inany clerttal applications, a physical model of a naticnt's tectli is needod that faithiiylly -cproduccs the paticnt's teeth and ollior dents.l Sttuctures, including the j:tw str'ucturc Conventionally, a thru:-diincnsional negative model of the tecth anci othcr derita) struclures is ct'e:tted during an impression-taking session whcre one or niorc trays , aio filled witli a de;ital itnpression material and the tray is then placed over the tecth to create a ov.gativc tnold. Once the intpression niaterial lias hardened, the tray of material is removed troin lhc teeth trnd a plaster like material is pourcd into the nugative n1old forinett by tl'ic inipression. After hardening, the pourecl plaster material is rcmoved Ei=om tlw inipression xiiald antl, as ilccessary, ftnistt work is lacrformed on the casting to create thG [lnal physical model of the desrtat stnicture. 'I'ypically a phyrsical nrodei will include ut Ic;tst one tooth and llie adjacent region of ginl;iva. Pliysical models may also inclt3de alI of ttic tc..lli ol' a jaw, tlic adjacent i;iiigiva and, for the upper jaw, the contour ot' the palatc.
Dental laboratotie5 typically usc the physical model as a pattern for tliQ
fZlirication and iitting of a variety ol' precisiqri iitte-d dental prosthctic devices sucli as I
crowns, bridg4sT retainers and vetlcefs. t7lten, thc technician perCot'IYIs a significant auzotint of work on 1he physical nlodcl to prepare it for use as the pattern for the dental t;il7si catian. For cxainple, when a single tUUth crown is to be inade, the technician will perforttt a mtiltbcr ol' operations to isolate and reniovc the tooth oF
interest from the iTac7(lcl. First Ilie bottom of the model will bc ground flat. 'Chc:
technician will then drill a ttolo and install a coated piti at the bottom of the tooth model (die) of interest, The piii provicfer- a myeans of Itandlirlg the isolated tooth die dLtrin.g the subsequent steps involved in the crown bciti, fabricated. "l'he pinned moclel is then plaeF:d on the top ara base mold (ray that ltas becn fillc3d witli unhardened plaster nYaterial. Ailer the material hardens, the modet is X)t>w attached to the base foran with the coated lain embedded in the base inolcl.
'1'hc; xii:c#inicican then makes two vertieal cuts on ea.ch side of the pinned toolli inodel being e,4refttl x`1nt tO cLtL or rcmove matcrial from the tooth nlodel oi'interest or the adjacent teeth ui'thc alYt~~l~l. I3ec;tllSG tltie pin was coated, ilte plaster rtiatcrial does not adhere to the pin stic# the cutout tootti die crtii yiow be rccnoved from the model/basc;
assembly. The pinncd GnOth clic c;Ln nryw be usecl ati the model to fabricate the crown.
Typically, once llie crowti has been fabricated, lhe crown will be installed on tllc tonth die and placed l,iack on the model/base assembly to veriry the ft of tho crown with IIiU adjacent teesth. As can be appreciated, the process of cutting the tooth of interest out of the inodeUhase asscmbly rxeates the nppcyrtLtnity to damage either the tooth of ilitet'est or the adjac4rll teeth in ilie moriel, vvhich results in a potentially poor fitting crown in the PF! tie-1t, AUton3att'd dcll(al strllctill'e sCill.liilng tcchT11C1t1Cs hav(: been developed as al[tuttitives to the rno4d casting Proc,cdure. Because thcse techniques can create a direot dit;iill repteycnttttion of the dental stnictures, thoy provide iltc advantagc of creating an "c:lt;c,[rotaic itnprestiion" that is immcdiately tra.nsmittable from the paiicnt to a dental t.`cyntlxI tcr Aided 1')es-gn (CAD) system and, aftcr review ttttd annotation by a dentist, to a ti,~tiifil lnbcti'atoiy. '1'ho diggita.l transmission potcntially diminishes inconvcuienr,e for lho pctticiit nr-d olimin:ttes the risk of damage to ihc intpression mold.
Fr cxample, U.S. Patent No. 6,364,660 discloses a incthocl and apparatus for mapping the structure and topography of dental forniiitions sitch as peridontium and W4R h, botli ini;act atid prepared, ior diagnosis and dental prosthetics and bridgcwork by an intra-oral iittage scantiing lechniqrte. As claimed tftercin, the methvd ean provide a digital 31) model that captures details of orally situated denta]
Forntationti thtas ena.l.iling clia.gliosis ttnd thc- preParation of precision moldinas and fabrications that will prc,vide grcater eomfnrt anel longcr wear to the dctttal patient.
!n parallel wil.h llic adviroceinent in the met:hods and means to create digital dental m+atlels, conz putor aidcd design (CAD) systcins have becn developed for use by dental prttc[itionecs, Nyhich utilisa these cligital rnodels. Typically, these syslems allow the ttsux' ity view, ;shiil aztd re?tate the digital model as weil as perform a variety of measurements.
In aE9cli[ioti, these (;Al,) systenis caii transfcr filcs and be intcrfacecl to Computer Tutegr{itc;d ManuFacturitig (C11V1) ecJUip1130nt, sttcl- as a CNC milling machine, to fabricate a t}hyslG-a1 dei1ti31 tttodcl or t)x'osthetic Oam the digi[al nioclel li1e.
These CA'!) systems howcver clo not provide the reatures iYeeded by dental laboratories to cliniinate the manual sl.eps required to create a tQol,ls die.
S[]MM.ARY
in cay,e a,spect, a iyiolhod for using a digital dental model; allowing authorized tisers to specify tltc dental arc=ii of interest; isolating the specified dental area of interest li=otn ltrc oriAincil di~;ital riental moc3el; creating a new 3D digital model filv for thc isulatad tootll area of interesL; GrCating, a digital isolatcd tt?oth die mocIel by appending to t'ho isolated tooth 31) niodel file either 1) a 3D digital model file of a base witli a motynting po5t or steln, or 2) a base wiili a lrolc sized to receive a pre-fabriodted motintitlg post or stcm, with such motinting post, stenz or hole dimensioned to the base o!' the isol7tecl dental afcay crea.ting physical moclels ot' both the original digital dctifal lilbdcl aiid tlyL digital isolated tooth clie niodol; and arcliivin.g the digital models.
lmplentic:ntations of tlie above aspect may include one or more of the followiug.
A detital Comptitc;r Aid+:cl Design (CAD) system can be used to view the digital duntal ilxoclel and Uelcct the tcctli thrit need to be isolated. The dental CAD
system can then c,re,ale 3D dititll tooth die riiodels for the seiected teetli. A Computer Integrated Mallutacturinl; (CIM) system cati create plYysical study models representative of the ot=iginal dii;ital dental mvdel and the dqAtal tooth dac rnodcls.
Uther aspects of the present invention are described in the following detailed clcscriptio,n oi'tl3e itlven[iott, in the cleiiils and in the acconipanying draNvings.
IVIANU'k+~'A.C:TUR[W OF
(:1~5'Y'~L1~I 'T+mt`7'1'IJE AI1: NI+(-DEI..S Vt11Ft USE IN THE
t+'Al3RICA'1'lON UV
DENTAL p'ROS T lI I;'i'rCS
BACKGROUND
'flic prescrit inve-ztian iclatcs to tttilizing digital dental models to directly irianu('acttyrc cListom tooth die inodels Ihat can be riscd as a pattcrt1 to fabricate dental prost hetios such as crowns.
In inany clerttal applications, a physical model of a naticnt's tectli is needod that faithiiylly -cproduccs the paticnt's teeth and ollior dents.l Sttuctures, including the j:tw str'ucturc Conventionally, a thru:-diincnsional negative model of the tecth anci othcr derita) struclures is ct'e:tted during an impression-taking session whcre one or niorc trays , aio filled witli a de;ital itnpression material and the tray is then placed over the tecth to create a ov.gativc tnold. Once the intpression niaterial lias hardened, the tray of material is removed troin lhc teeth trnd a plaster like material is pourcd into the nugative n1old forinett by tl'ic inipression. After hardening, the pourecl plaster material is rcmoved Ei=om tlw inipression xiiald antl, as ilccessary, ftnistt work is lacrformed on the casting to create thG [lnal physical model of the desrtat stnicture. 'I'ypically a phyrsical nrodei will include ut Ic;tst one tooth and llie adjacent region of ginl;iva. Pliysical models may also inclt3de alI of ttic tc..lli ol' a jaw, tlic adjacent i;iiigiva and, for the upper jaw, the contour ot' the palatc.
Dental laboratotie5 typically usc the physical model as a pattern for tliQ
fZlirication and iitting of a variety ol' precisiqri iitte-d dental prosthctic devices sucli as I
crowns, bridg4sT retainers and vetlcefs. t7lten, thc technician perCot'IYIs a significant auzotint of work on 1he physical nlodcl to prepare it for use as the pattern for the dental t;il7si catian. For cxainple, when a single tUUth crown is to be inade, the technician will perforttt a mtiltbcr ol' operations to isolate and reniovc the tooth oF
interest from the iTac7(lcl. First Ilie bottom of the model will bc ground flat. 'Chc:
technician will then drill a ttolo and install a coated piti at the bottom of the tooth model (die) of interest, The piii provicfer- a myeans of Itandlirlg the isolated tooth die dLtrin.g the subsequent steps involved in the crown bciti, fabricated. "l'he pinned moclel is then plaeF:d on the top ara base mold (ray that ltas becn fillc3d witli unhardened plaster nYaterial. Ailer the material hardens, the modet is X)t>w attached to the base foran with the coated lain embedded in the base inolcl.
'1'hc; xii:c#inicican then makes two vertieal cuts on ea.ch side of the pinned toolli inodel being e,4refttl x`1nt tO cLtL or rcmove matcrial from the tooth nlodel oi'interest or the adjacent teeth ui'thc alYt~~l~l. I3ec;tllSG tltie pin was coated, ilte plaster rtiatcrial does not adhere to the pin stic# the cutout tootti die crtii yiow be rccnoved from the model/basc;
assembly. The pinncd GnOth clic c;Ln nryw be usecl ati the model to fabricate the crown.
Typically, once llie crowti has been fabricated, lhe crown will be installed on tllc tonth die and placed l,iack on the model/base assembly to veriry the ft of tho crown with IIiU adjacent teesth. As can be appreciated, the process of cutting the tooth of interest out of the inodeUhase asscmbly rxeates the nppcyrtLtnity to damage either the tooth of ilitet'est or the adjac4rll teeth in ilie moriel, vvhich results in a potentially poor fitting crown in the PF! tie-1t, AUton3att'd dcll(al strllctill'e sCill.liilng tcchT11C1t1Cs hav(: been developed as al[tuttitives to the rno4d casting Proc,cdure. Because thcse techniques can create a direot dit;iill repteycnttttion of the dental stnictures, thoy provide iltc advantagc of creating an "c:lt;c,[rotaic itnprestiion" that is immcdiately tra.nsmittable from the paiicnt to a dental t.`cyntlxI tcr Aided 1')es-gn (CAD) system and, aftcr review ttttd annotation by a dentist, to a ti,~tiifil lnbcti'atoiy. '1'ho diggita.l transmission potcntially diminishes inconvcuienr,e for lho pctticiit nr-d olimin:ttes the risk of damage to ihc intpression mold.
Fr cxample, U.S. Patent No. 6,364,660 discloses a incthocl and apparatus for mapping the structure and topography of dental forniiitions sitch as peridontium and W4R h, botli ini;act atid prepared, ior diagnosis and dental prosthetics and bridgcwork by an intra-oral iittage scantiing lechniqrte. As claimed tftercin, the methvd ean provide a digital 31) model that captures details of orally situated denta]
Forntationti thtas ena.l.iling clia.gliosis ttnd thc- preParation of precision moldinas and fabrications that will prc,vide grcater eomfnrt anel longcr wear to the dctttal patient.
!n parallel wil.h llic adviroceinent in the met:hods and means to create digital dental m+atlels, conz putor aidcd design (CAD) systcins have becn developed for use by dental prttc[itionecs, Nyhich utilisa these cligital rnodels. Typically, these syslems allow the ttsux' ity view, ;shiil aztd re?tate the digital model as weil as perform a variety of measurements.
In aE9cli[ioti, these (;Al,) systenis caii transfcr filcs and be intcrfacecl to Computer Tutegr{itc;d ManuFacturitig (C11V1) ecJUip1130nt, sttcl- as a CNC milling machine, to fabricate a t}hyslG-a1 dei1ti31 tttodcl or t)x'osthetic Oam the digi[al nioclel li1e.
These CA'!) systems howcver clo not provide the reatures iYeeded by dental laboratories to cliniinate the manual sl.eps required to create a tQol,ls die.
S[]MM.ARY
in cay,e a,spect, a iyiolhod for using a digital dental model; allowing authorized tisers to specify tltc dental arc=ii of interest; isolating the specified dental area of interest li=otn ltrc oriAincil di~;ital riental moc3el; creating a new 3D digital model filv for thc isulatad tootll area of interesL; GrCating, a digital isolatcd tt?oth die mocIel by appending to t'ho isolated tooth 31) niodel file either 1) a 3D digital model file of a base witli a motynting po5t or steln, or 2) a base wiili a lrolc sized to receive a pre-fabriodted motintitlg post or stcm, with such motinting post, stenz or hole dimensioned to the base o!' the isol7tecl dental afcay crea.ting physical moclels ot' both the original digital dctifal lilbdcl aiid tlyL digital isolated tooth clie niodol; and arcliivin.g the digital models.
lmplentic:ntations of tlie above aspect may include one or more of the followiug.
A detital Comptitc;r Aid+:cl Design (CAD) system can be used to view the digital duntal ilxoclel and Uelcct the tcctli thrit need to be isolated. The dental CAD
system can then c,re,ale 3D dititll tooth die riiodels for the seiected teetli. A Computer Integrated Mallutacturinl; (CIM) system cati create plYysical study models representative of the ot=iginal dii;ital dental mvdel and the dqAtal tooth dac rnodcls.
Uther aspects of the present invention are described in the following detailed clcscriptio,n oi'tl3e itlven[iott, in the cleiiils and in the acconipanying draNvings.
IiR]Lst'TSESCRUX'TI()N (Yr, THE DRAWINGS
ri;;urc I is a block dia;rRm allustraLing an exemplary cnvironitiscnt for viewing, altering, and archiving digital niodels of dental structures and for supporting computcr intualaiccl 111anut'lcttlring of physical models of the dental structures using tho digital T110elcl 00.5, Figure 2 shows a systenY and method for viewing tligital dental models and 1.3ifortp}jng treatfYyettt planninl;, Figure 3$hows a process to edit a digital model of a tootli, Fig. 4 i]{ustx.ites an e.camplc of a digiul model for an isolatecl tooth die with a base t1iaL iucludeti a mounting post or stern.
ri~;urc 5 illustratcs an exainplc of, a digital mode;l for an isolated lootlt die witli a base that inchulos a riole for receiving a prc-fabrioatecl iiiotinting post or stein.
DESCR1f''fl(7N
Figure 1 is a block diagram that illustraie~ an oxemplary cnvironiYient for viewing, attcraril;, and archiving digital incidels of dont3l stnictures and for supporting computc:r imcl;rttitetj naa n-,il`:Lcturing of lAysical lnodels of the clenla.l struCtUrc;s using the digital model lilos. In the environntent of Fig. 1, clata obtaitied by an intra-oral scanner 102 uf (lte clant,il structurus is uscd to ct'eate a 31) digital dc tal inodcl that is rcpresetttativc of tl-o suifaco cotxtour of Llic scanned detYtal structures. Descriptions ol' the method and apparatps to obttin this digital dental model arc describcd in U.S. Patent No.
6,364,660, tlYt: conlents of wliich are incorporated by reference lierein.
Tho data rcpretienlit;g the digital dental working model from the scanner 102 is tra,nsfertucl over tt wide area network 110 sticli as the Internet to a clental lfibc>ra,tory faoility 130 ovitit e+ottrp4ttcr aided manufacturing capabilities. 13sing the Dental CAD
System 104 a dent<<l laboratory technician may view the digital dental rnndel and select tisose tc,,Ali for wltich a tooth ciie inodcl i5 desired, The Dental CAD
Sybtem 104 would iltun crc..ttc 3X) digital isol{ilecl tonth cjie inodelS ol` the selecteri tecth. The technician could then selert wltich of the digital rnodcls sbvuld be fabricated into a physiual modcl cttiliring rtrothods attd technologies sucli a.s Stereo Lithography Apparatus (SLA).
Typically, a C!U( I`abricated itiolatcd tooth die izuadel would be ttsed as a pattcrn to fitbt'iGate a prosthilic such as a crown that woul(l then be shipped directly bach, to thc d4siStixt 106, ln sutXie casesy the dentist 106 may transfer the digital dental model lile to a CIM
f4c:ility 120. The C1VI' fiteility 120 may choose tc) make dcntist-sanctioned modifications to tYto dsgit,il dc:ntal moclel and then fabricate the pltysical replicates of the digitttt cleittai inotlel ancl the digital isolated tooth die model following the processes described pt'c;r~iottsly for ttlo deritiRl laboratory 130. pnce the pltysical models of tlie digital dental ntcfdel awl tlte digital isolated tooth die inodcl are made, the physical models wou,ld be shipped to thc requested dental laboratory 130 for prosthetic fabrication.
"f'1io system of pigzire I integrates thc cr4ation of digital dental riiadLls with CIM
to f;,brit;<<te :tcaurate physicat model representatiotts of tlte digital nlodels. The iitvention atl<lreas;~s the CIM of physical models ranging from an individual isolated tooth dic iiici<icl to a dental niodal comprised of all ilic tcctli in the jaw. The CTM
teclinolUgies that tire suitable for fabricatioti of playsical models of the digital niodc-ls includes, but is riol limiteii to stcreo lithUgKanhy apparatus (S1..A), computer niimeric controlled (CNC) msschinitig, electro-dischngo machininl; (1?nM), and Swiss Automatics machininl;, For exainplL, SLA cclziipniont and 3D printers such as [lie '!'lhermo3et printer are available li=om 31) Systents, Inc_ of Valencia, CA that allows CAD users the freedoni to ciuickly "uririt" and holcl -a 3-dimerasional model in their hat-ds.
Tn stuceolithognaphy, thrce-climcnsiona.l shape model data is converted into, coiitour liiie data and scatianal sliapcs at respective contotu= lines are su.~uentislly laminateci to prepare a ciibic aloclel. Y?ach cubic ultraviolet-ray curable resin layer of the model is cured ttinder irradiliion o!' a laser l7eain before itie next layer is deposited and curcd. Each layer is in esscnce a thin cro;rs-section of the desired three-dirriensional olyjccl. Typiciily, a thin layer of viscou5 curable plastic liquid is applied to a surFa.ce wliicl- may be a previously ctiyred layer aid, after sLifticient tinie has elapsed for Glie thin layer of polylnerizAle liquid to sn1ooth out by gravity, a coniputer cc>ntrolled heam of racliation is 1novCd across the thin liquid laycr to sufl.'sciently cure the plastic liqtilitl sQ that sutnecluem layc:rs clci be rippliecl thercta I'he tvaiting period for the tliin layer to level varies d.c;pendinl; on several flators ;;11011 a5 the vise0sity of the polymerizable liquid, the layer thickness, part gcornetry, and cross-scctiUn, ztn(t the like. Typieatly, the cured layer, whieh is supported on a vertically irzovalile object stippait platform, is dipped below the surface of a bath ol the viscous polynieriaalale 1itlrtid a distancc greater than the desired layer tliicl:ness so that liquid ilows over the prcvious Gross-section rapidly. Thin, the part is raised to a position below tl-c~ surfilo of the liclw1id cclual to the dcsirecl layer thickness, which foriits a bolge of c_xccss mat4rial ovur at least a substantial portion of the previous cross-section. When tho surface levels (timooth otit), the layer is ready for curing by radiation. An ultraviolet laser gumeratcs a snaall intcnsu spot of UV wliich is iiioved across the liquid surfacc vrith a galvanonnetcr nlirror X-Y scatine:' in a 1 -edeterntincd pattern. Tn the above frya.nncr, stereolithoi;aaphy equipnlLnt automatically builds complex tlucc-dimensional pai=t5 by successively ciiring a plLira.lity oi'thin layers of a curabae ntedium on top of each oihor uittil ;ill afthc tliin layers arc joined together to forni a whole part such as a dental model.
As can bL appreciaicd, eacli patient's dental model is unique and these models are typically MWu.sfactured otse at a time by a skilled dental technicixn. In contrast to this manual i`a.brication (it` models, ihe use of SLA allows for the niass i-tanuNctudug of patient Llental models since the platform can be sectioned into gi-ids whLre each grid can support a. unique set of deYytal model parts, 7n addition, these unique lõrid model lyarts can be serializect during manufacturing to allow tracking of individual parts 1i? rc,uglYnut the dental laboratory process.
For a typical siri;le tooth crown patient, three unique physical models would be :t:a(ie: 1) 11 physical xnodel oFall or part of tho teeth and adjacent gingiva in the digital ticntnl model dcrivcd fi-om scanuing the dental struc;tures in the upper jaw;
2) A physical ijtodol of all or patt ofthc teeth and adjacr:nt gingiva in the digital d.ezita,l model derived 1Yo111 SGailning the cle-ntal siructurea in the lower jaw; and 3) A physica.l model of the S
di&;i~al isoluej t ootla die model for ille tooth being orqwiied. The upper and lower jaw l,llysiciil riloclois would be fabricated willi index marks a}lowing ihe lab technician or duittist to align tlre physical models in the proper occlusal rela,tion$hip.
Once tlte dental 1cohzticlan h:is fitlYCicated the crown iisir-r; the physical mclel of the clip,ital isolated tooth eliu tno(lcl tis a pAtcrn, tlte crown cari be checked for fit by seating it on the cctirresponding tooth loo{ttion of tije pltysic.al aTioclel created from the digital dental niodel for the uppet- or lower jaw. 'i'his allows for an accu.rat4 check of botlz adjacent tooth intet-fcrcnce atid occlu5a1 lit oFthC fab1'icated crowtt prostlaetic prior to shipping the crown prosthetic to the dentist.
Refcrri > xrow ta Fi,gure 2, a dental CAD systettia 200 for viewing dibital dental r od0s and pcrforniing trcatment planning is presented. Data frorrt an intra-oral dental ;~eanner 102 is processed by a.3D image ai*icl dantal model engine 202 and displayed as a scaled 3D view oi'lhc: dentni strctctures.
i'lic 31) irnagc and clental rnotiel euginc 202 also astiesses the quality of the acquired di~;ltal dcnlal moclel and can display to the user Iiighli~htcd regions where ihe dil;ital Llental inodel rellects an ancrmalous surfoce cotitour, or where uncertainties in the calculaleti estim.tte ot'1he surfacv contour exceeds a user specitied limit.
The output of tho 3 I) itrta,yo and ctental rnodel ongitte 202 is provided to a display driver 203 fpr driving a display or incnitox 205.
'1'he 3D image and dental rnodel engine 202 cointrnanicates with a user connmand piocr:ssor 204, whioh accepts user cnmmands gerierated loGally or over the lntcrnet. The riscr 4otnniaaid prowsaor 204 receives commands from a local uscr through a mouse 206, a kc-yhoard 203, or a stylus pad 210 or joystick 211. Additionally, a iiiicrophone 212 is provided tca capturc user voice c;omtnands or voicc annolations. Sotznd capiurcd by tlto rcli0roplione 212 is provided to a voice proeessor 7.14 for convertitip, voice to text. T11c oulpttL of thv voice processor 214 is provided to the user command processor 204. The user crnnmtuzd proce stic7r 204 is eoruiected to a data stora,f;e unit 219 for sLoring files aSwciCiatcd -vvith the digital denlal models.
While viewing, llse 3D rcpresetita.tion of the digital nlodel, the user m1y use mouse 206, kcyboarr120E, stylus pad 210, joy stick 211 or voice inptits to co-ntrol the image tiisplay parartletcrs on Liie tllonitor 205, iiicluding, but not limited ta, perspective, zoom, f4ature,resohil.ion, bri~Nnvss astd contrast. Regions ofl,lic 3D
representatioti of the digital moctel that are highlighted by i11e dental CAD systeni as anomalous are assesscd by tltv.tjsc,t' ancl rwsolvect as appropriate Following Lhe user assessment of`the 31) image ot'thc digital dUntal tnodcl, tlla dent,al CAD system provides the user wilh a data c;onsprctisycyn and cncryption engine 220 to process files for secure tratlyrnission over tlle 111torilC.t.
'rhe dctital CAD systetr- 200 also provides the user with tools to perform a vsu-icty ol' irc;attncnt planning processes Ltsing tllo dig-tal dental models.
Such planning P}ocess.es inClude nlcasurenietrt of arah letit;tli, ineasurcniont of arch width and mca.tictrenicat of incliviclual tooGli ditnettsions.
In planning for a tootia crorvir procedure, convcntioiialEy, a tooth isolat.itnt is prcparecl by cutting, the tooth involved with thc dental treatment out of a cast mociel i113d0 I('(Jii1 a1] el3stor7fler impresslon. A process CliscUssed lI1Cxt provides an alierItiativG
prqcess tha.t trtilizas a digital deltial niodct asid the dental CAD system 200 to prepare a 3f) digiiil tttodel ot`a tooth isolation. Usi1ig this process, an operator 11tilizes thc CAD
sysl:cm 200 to iSolato the tcioth from, tliC complete digital dctital rnodel and then creates a clip,ital niodcl oFjiist the single toot{i.
Itefcrring now to Figtirc 3, the routinc or prooc.ss 500 to edit a digita.l dental mode1 is tlisc:lo,tsd in xnorc duta.il. lrpon cntry, the digitai dental iYtodex is displayed (stcp 502). Next, tlio process ohecks if one or nrore tee,th in the digital dental model has bcen s,c lcctc>d (sLep 50=I). ti' nrat, tllc rotitiilc sianply exits.
,Alterwttivuly, if the user lyas spooilicd paramcters sutlicicnt to idontiCy one tootii nlodci or tooth object fron1 tltc rest of thc (ecth, tho t oUtine higltligllts the t.oi)lll Inoclel (506). The paranieters can be a sct af points dclinGatiup., ono or niore outiinb plane.s separating one tooth from its neighborincr Ice.th. Alternatively, thc parameter can symply bc a selection af a particular tooth model whicli has alre4itly been cnibeddcd with ditziensiottal information about 1.he tooth so that 31) data on tho,,;oloctcd tnot}- can be retrieved tirom a filc.
'Ncxt, tlt-; rout.ine determincs if tho tootPi modei or object has been move(l or tlip,itall,y edited (stcl) 508). I4'so, the routirie tipda,tey the ditnensiun.s and key points O(' lhe toutEt rnodcl, as well as thc; iiew locadon of the tooth model ir it lias bcen inoved (step 510). 1,1sing, trte editing capability, the routinc can be used to design a base and a mount3ng post (-r stem oi1 the tooth mcrdel, for cKample. A1teriiatively, again using the cclit c:ipt-bility, the routing can be tiscd to design a base and a hole in the base for roccivin;; a pre-fabricated motintina post or steiu. After cc~niplcting step 510, the rotitane tlosLlcot:; tltie tpoth trzode] and exits the edit routinc.
Il lf the tonth nioclel has not bccn ntoved or slretched, the routine tests if selectctl tooth nulclel(s) is/are to bc copicd (step 512). if ,so, the routine creates ncw tooih models or tootlr object(s) ba.5ed on tho selected objcct(s) and liatiks these netiv objects to existing toot h objects b,46re cxiting the rouline (step 513). Alternatively, if thc user does not want tt) copy objectS, the rolitine checks if the user wisl]e5 to rotate selected tooth object(S) (slep 514). If the objects are to be rotated, lhc routine complies with the rcctuost (sxcl) 5 1Cf) whore the scloeted object(s) are rotated and their now positions are noted in the liuk4d list data stnicture. Aftirward, the ruLdine deselects the object(s) and exits, Frotit step 514, ir the toUth objecls are not to be rotated, the rouline checks if thc us+.:r wistics io t!ip the tooth objects (step 518). If so, the routine ilips thcm in step 520 aitd ulidates lhw locotion of the seleeled objects therein before exiting thc routinc Altern:ttively, front step 5222, the user may wish to enter text associated witli the selected objects. If so, the roufin.e a11ows the user to enter text and to associttte the text with the xc:lectcd ohjccts (stcp 524) by adding the text to the linked list data structure for the ()lsjerts. T}yc text 4r.tca=ed in step 524 may includc numbers as literals.
After step 524, the roYriiric deselLcts the object(s) and e:cits.
Alternatively, t'rosn step 522, thc routine checks if the user has assigned a number such ti5 tlie lr;nt;th or width of the selected tooth object(s) (step 538). 1t so, tlle routiue 1-rocccd:; wilh stop 510. 'I'ho niinibcr(s) eittcred in step 540 is/a.re dimension7l n9sil;n111CIlia Nvliich arc onlered as part of the dirrmensions of the tooth object(s) and thc size of tlle object(s) is/are 0hlnaed. t-rom step 540, the rotttino deselects the objcct(s) mid e:i i ts, lC,ront stop 539, if nittitbers arc itot entered, the routiiie checks if the user wishes to cr:t ilto seleutcd toolh object(s) (step 550). Yf so, tlie respectivc object(s) are deleted aitd tht: liitk associatu,i with tho elert:cnt immediatc:ly prior to the first selectcd object is lixiked to thQ, clctncnt immediately after thL last selected tooth object (step 552).
Furtlier, tlte c1a}i struGtt.tres nssoGi:lted Nvith the deletcd objects are clca.rted-up sucll that the mcmory ttllocattd to ttic deleted objects is releayed back for other uses. rrorti step 550 atzd stop W, the routine tlesclccts tltc objeGL(S) and Cxits.
'!'lic ori p,,inal ciata stnictu!'e prior to the ctiit operation is temporarily a.rchiv'ed in :naittory to ertablc tho opErtttioz- of the "Undo" optioti. Tho "Uudo" option is useful in thc;
ovciit t1vil tllc user wisltcs to change his or her niind atler secing the edited todtl-object(s). Voicv recotgnition is useCut for cerlain data entry a,spc:c,'is such as Lhe entering cif text 7nnotztion amt ihe sclcctiott ofcompottents.
In Fig. 4, ;t dis,ritsil model 600 of an isolated sinole tooth die with a mounting post or sl een attached to tlic totatlt base is shown. The system of l:ig. 2 is tYsed to desil;n a base 604 aiut 4e it3o:ijttirig post or stem 602 on the digital mode1600 of Lhe isolatecl tooth die.
Altern7lely :tq shown in .pig. 5, the systetn of 1ig. 2 is uscd to design a base 604 witlt a ho1e 606 shown in cross section for receiving a pre-fabricated inountiiig post or sf.ent oit (lio di~,ita1 xiicyclel 600 t'1`ttto isolated tooth diz. This digika.l inodcl 600 with the base 604 nnd citheX 1) the rnouittiiig post or stcm 602, or 2) the ltole 606 in tlYe base 604, is refen=cd tt) liarcin as a di-,ital isol:ttecl tooth clie modcl. O11eC conlpleted and GlleckeCl by tltc dCllt'itl icclxiyiciati if nec;deci, the cligital file for the digital isolatcd tooth die model is transfoircrl to a CIl4'! sy5tent whGrc a physical niodcl of the digital isolatcd toetth die modcl is 1'a1}ricatid tbat acoutately rei'lects tho geomctry and details of the digital isolated tooth die tnotiel. fabricated physical tiiodel of the dil;ital isolal.ed tootEi die niodcl will typically bc usca by tlsc detatalla,boratory as the pattern to prepare the permanent crown t`or the niod4led tcioth.
Thc prcacesi doscribf:d abovc: for a single tooth crown may be extcnded to apply to t;oilstrtrctioty or dii;il.al iriodels fcr restorative denta] prosthetics in getreral and thc tiabriiriticnn ofph5sica,l modLls of any ntiritber ofteeth.
Wliile ilitr proscnt invention has been described in connection with ccrUtitl prkCerred cmbottirnc ts, it will be tmdcrstood that it is not limited to ttiose embodimenls.
011 t1xC cuntrary, it is itlLended to coVei' aII alternatives, modificatrons and eqtiivalents as may bc inc:ltldcil witl1in thc slsirit and scope of the invention as defiiicd in the appcnded cla,ims,
ri;;urc I is a block dia;rRm allustraLing an exemplary cnvironitiscnt for viewing, altering, and archiving digital niodels of dental structures and for supporting computcr intualaiccl 111anut'lcttlring of physical models of the dental structures using tho digital T110elcl 00.5, Figure 2 shows a systenY and method for viewing tligital dental models and 1.3ifortp}jng treatfYyettt planninl;, Figure 3$hows a process to edit a digital model of a tootli, Fig. 4 i]{ustx.ites an e.camplc of a digiul model for an isolatecl tooth die with a base t1iaL iucludeti a mounting post or stern.
ri~;urc 5 illustratcs an exainplc of, a digital mode;l for an isolated lootlt die witli a base that inchulos a riole for receiving a prc-fabrioatecl iiiotinting post or stein.
DESCR1f''fl(7N
Figure 1 is a block diagram that illustraie~ an oxemplary cnvironiYient for viewing, attcraril;, and archiving digital incidels of dont3l stnictures and for supporting computc:r imcl;rttitetj naa n-,il`:Lcturing of lAysical lnodels of the clenla.l struCtUrc;s using the digital model lilos. In the environntent of Fig. 1, clata obtaitied by an intra-oral scanner 102 uf (lte clant,il structurus is uscd to ct'eate a 31) digital dc tal inodcl that is rcpresetttativc of tl-o suifaco cotxtour of Llic scanned detYtal structures. Descriptions ol' the method and apparatps to obttin this digital dental model arc describcd in U.S. Patent No.
6,364,660, tlYt: conlents of wliich are incorporated by reference lierein.
Tho data rcpretienlit;g the digital dental working model from the scanner 102 is tra,nsfertucl over tt wide area network 110 sticli as the Internet to a clental lfibc>ra,tory faoility 130 ovitit e+ottrp4ttcr aided manufacturing capabilities. 13sing the Dental CAD
System 104 a dent<<l laboratory technician may view the digital dental rnndel and select tisose tc,,Ali for wltich a tooth ciie inodcl i5 desired, The Dental CAD
Sybtem 104 would iltun crc..ttc 3X) digital isol{ilecl tonth cjie inodelS ol` the selecteri tecth. The technician could then selert wltich of the digital rnodcls sbvuld be fabricated into a physiual modcl cttiliring rtrothods attd technologies sucli a.s Stereo Lithography Apparatus (SLA).
Typically, a C!U( I`abricated itiolatcd tooth die izuadel would be ttsed as a pattcrn to fitbt'iGate a prosthilic such as a crown that woul(l then be shipped directly bach, to thc d4siStixt 106, ln sutXie casesy the dentist 106 may transfer the digital dental model lile to a CIM
f4c:ility 120. The C1VI' fiteility 120 may choose tc) make dcntist-sanctioned modifications to tYto dsgit,il dc:ntal moclel and then fabricate the pltysical replicates of the digitttt cleittai inotlel ancl the digital isolated tooth die model following the processes described pt'c;r~iottsly for ttlo deritiRl laboratory 130. pnce the pltysical models of tlie digital dental ntcfdel awl tlte digital isolated tooth die inodcl are made, the physical models wou,ld be shipped to thc requested dental laboratory 130 for prosthetic fabrication.
"f'1io system of pigzire I integrates thc cr4ation of digital dental riiadLls with CIM
to f;,brit;<<te :tcaurate physicat model representatiotts of tlte digital nlodels. The iitvention atl<lreas;~s the CIM of physical models ranging from an individual isolated tooth dic iiici<icl to a dental niodal comprised of all ilic tcctli in the jaw. The CTM
teclinolUgies that tire suitable for fabricatioti of playsical models of the digital niodc-ls includes, but is riol limiteii to stcreo lithUgKanhy apparatus (S1..A), computer niimeric controlled (CNC) msschinitig, electro-dischngo machininl; (1?nM), and Swiss Automatics machininl;, For exainplL, SLA cclziipniont and 3D printers such as [lie '!'lhermo3et printer are available li=om 31) Systents, Inc_ of Valencia, CA that allows CAD users the freedoni to ciuickly "uririt" and holcl -a 3-dimerasional model in their hat-ds.
Tn stuceolithognaphy, thrce-climcnsiona.l shape model data is converted into, coiitour liiie data and scatianal sliapcs at respective contotu= lines are su.~uentislly laminateci to prepare a ciibic aloclel. Y?ach cubic ultraviolet-ray curable resin layer of the model is cured ttinder irradiliion o!' a laser l7eain before itie next layer is deposited and curcd. Each layer is in esscnce a thin cro;rs-section of the desired three-dirriensional olyjccl. Typiciily, a thin layer of viscou5 curable plastic liquid is applied to a surFa.ce wliicl- may be a previously ctiyred layer aid, after sLifticient tinie has elapsed for Glie thin layer of polylnerizAle liquid to sn1ooth out by gravity, a coniputer cc>ntrolled heam of racliation is 1novCd across the thin liquid laycr to sufl.'sciently cure the plastic liqtilitl sQ that sutnecluem layc:rs clci be rippliecl thercta I'he tvaiting period for the tliin layer to level varies d.c;pendinl; on several flators ;;11011 a5 the vise0sity of the polymerizable liquid, the layer thickness, part gcornetry, and cross-scctiUn, ztn(t the like. Typieatly, the cured layer, whieh is supported on a vertically irzovalile object stippait platform, is dipped below the surface of a bath ol the viscous polynieriaalale 1itlrtid a distancc greater than the desired layer tliicl:ness so that liquid ilows over the prcvious Gross-section rapidly. Thin, the part is raised to a position below tl-c~ surfilo of the liclw1id cclual to the dcsirecl layer thickness, which foriits a bolge of c_xccss mat4rial ovur at least a substantial portion of the previous cross-section. When tho surface levels (timooth otit), the layer is ready for curing by radiation. An ultraviolet laser gumeratcs a snaall intcnsu spot of UV wliich is iiioved across the liquid surfacc vrith a galvanonnetcr nlirror X-Y scatine:' in a 1 -edeterntincd pattern. Tn the above frya.nncr, stereolithoi;aaphy equipnlLnt automatically builds complex tlucc-dimensional pai=t5 by successively ciiring a plLira.lity oi'thin layers of a curabae ntedium on top of each oihor uittil ;ill afthc tliin layers arc joined together to forni a whole part such as a dental model.
As can bL appreciaicd, eacli patient's dental model is unique and these models are typically MWu.sfactured otse at a time by a skilled dental technicixn. In contrast to this manual i`a.brication (it` models, ihe use of SLA allows for the niass i-tanuNctudug of patient Llental models since the platform can be sectioned into gi-ids whLre each grid can support a. unique set of deYytal model parts, 7n addition, these unique lõrid model lyarts can be serializect during manufacturing to allow tracking of individual parts 1i? rc,uglYnut the dental laboratory process.
For a typical siri;le tooth crown patient, three unique physical models would be :t:a(ie: 1) 11 physical xnodel oFall or part of tho teeth and adjacent gingiva in the digital ticntnl model dcrivcd fi-om scanuing the dental struc;tures in the upper jaw;
2) A physical ijtodol of all or patt ofthc teeth and adjacr:nt gingiva in the digital d.ezita,l model derived 1Yo111 SGailning the cle-ntal siructurea in the lower jaw; and 3) A physica.l model of the S
di&;i~al isoluej t ootla die model for ille tooth being orqwiied. The upper and lower jaw l,llysiciil riloclois would be fabricated willi index marks a}lowing ihe lab technician or duittist to align tlre physical models in the proper occlusal rela,tion$hip.
Once tlte dental 1cohzticlan h:is fitlYCicated the crown iisir-r; the physical mclel of the clip,ital isolated tooth eliu tno(lcl tis a pAtcrn, tlte crown cari be checked for fit by seating it on the cctirresponding tooth loo{ttion of tije pltysic.al aTioclel created from the digital dental niodel for the uppet- or lower jaw. 'i'his allows for an accu.rat4 check of botlz adjacent tooth intet-fcrcnce atid occlu5a1 lit oFthC fab1'icated crowtt prostlaetic prior to shipping the crown prosthetic to the dentist.
Refcrri > xrow ta Fi,gure 2, a dental CAD systettia 200 for viewing dibital dental r od0s and pcrforniing trcatment planning is presented. Data frorrt an intra-oral dental ;~eanner 102 is processed by a.3D image ai*icl dantal model engine 202 and displayed as a scaled 3D view oi'lhc: dentni strctctures.
i'lic 31) irnagc and clental rnotiel euginc 202 also astiesses the quality of the acquired di~;ltal dcnlal moclel and can display to the user Iiighli~htcd regions where ihe dil;ital Llental inodel rellects an ancrmalous surfoce cotitour, or where uncertainties in the calculaleti estim.tte ot'1he surfacv contour exceeds a user specitied limit.
The output of tho 3 I) itrta,yo and ctental rnodel ongitte 202 is provided to a display driver 203 fpr driving a display or incnitox 205.
'1'he 3D image and dental rnodel engine 202 cointrnanicates with a user connmand piocr:ssor 204, whioh accepts user cnmmands gerierated loGally or over the lntcrnet. The riscr 4otnniaaid prowsaor 204 receives commands from a local uscr through a mouse 206, a kc-yhoard 203, or a stylus pad 210 or joystick 211. Additionally, a iiiicrophone 212 is provided tca capturc user voice c;omtnands or voicc annolations. Sotznd capiurcd by tlto rcli0roplione 212 is provided to a voice proeessor 7.14 for convertitip, voice to text. T11c oulpttL of thv voice processor 214 is provided to the user command processor 204. The user crnnmtuzd proce stic7r 204 is eoruiected to a data stora,f;e unit 219 for sLoring files aSwciCiatcd -vvith the digital denlal models.
While viewing, llse 3D rcpresetita.tion of the digital nlodel, the user m1y use mouse 206, kcyboarr120E, stylus pad 210, joy stick 211 or voice inptits to co-ntrol the image tiisplay parartletcrs on Liie tllonitor 205, iiicluding, but not limited ta, perspective, zoom, f4ature,resohil.ion, bri~Nnvss astd contrast. Regions ofl,lic 3D
representatioti of the digital moctel that are highlighted by i11e dental CAD systeni as anomalous are assesscd by tltv.tjsc,t' ancl rwsolvect as appropriate Following Lhe user assessment of`the 31) image ot'thc digital dUntal tnodcl, tlla dent,al CAD system provides the user wilh a data c;onsprctisycyn and cncryption engine 220 to process files for secure tratlyrnission over tlle 111torilC.t.
'rhe dctital CAD systetr- 200 also provides the user with tools to perform a vsu-icty ol' irc;attncnt planning processes Ltsing tllo dig-tal dental models.
Such planning P}ocess.es inClude nlcasurenietrt of arah letit;tli, ineasurcniont of arch width and mca.tictrenicat of incliviclual tooGli ditnettsions.
In planning for a tootia crorvir procedure, convcntioiialEy, a tooth isolat.itnt is prcparecl by cutting, the tooth involved with thc dental treatment out of a cast mociel i113d0 I('(Jii1 a1] el3stor7fler impresslon. A process CliscUssed lI1Cxt provides an alierItiativG
prqcess tha.t trtilizas a digital deltial niodct asid the dental CAD system 200 to prepare a 3f) digiiil tttodel ot`a tooth isolation. Usi1ig this process, an operator 11tilizes thc CAD
sysl:cm 200 to iSolato the tcioth from, tliC complete digital dctital rnodel and then creates a clip,ital niodcl oFjiist the single toot{i.
Itefcrring now to Figtirc 3, the routinc or prooc.ss 500 to edit a digita.l dental mode1 is tlisc:lo,tsd in xnorc duta.il. lrpon cntry, the digitai dental iYtodex is displayed (stcp 502). Next, tlio process ohecks if one or nrore tee,th in the digital dental model has bcen s,c lcctc>d (sLep 50=I). ti' nrat, tllc rotitiilc sianply exits.
,Alterwttivuly, if the user lyas spooilicd paramcters sutlicicnt to idontiCy one tootii nlodci or tooth object fron1 tltc rest of thc (ecth, tho t oUtine higltligllts the t.oi)lll Inoclel (506). The paranieters can be a sct af points dclinGatiup., ono or niore outiinb plane.s separating one tooth from its neighborincr Ice.th. Alternatively, thc parameter can symply bc a selection af a particular tooth model whicli has alre4itly been cnibeddcd with ditziensiottal information about 1.he tooth so that 31) data on tho,,;oloctcd tnot}- can be retrieved tirom a filc.
'Ncxt, tlt-; rout.ine determincs if tho tootPi modei or object has been move(l or tlip,itall,y edited (stcl) 508). I4'so, the routirie tipda,tey the ditnensiun.s and key points O(' lhe toutEt rnodcl, as well as thc; iiew locadon of the tooth model ir it lias bcen inoved (step 510). 1,1sing, trte editing capability, the routinc can be used to design a base and a mount3ng post (-r stem oi1 the tooth mcrdel, for cKample. A1teriiatively, again using the cclit c:ipt-bility, the routing can be tiscd to design a base and a hole in the base for roccivin;; a pre-fabricated motintina post or steiu. After cc~niplcting step 510, the rotitane tlosLlcot:; tltie tpoth trzode] and exits the edit routinc.
Il lf the tonth nioclel has not bccn ntoved or slretched, the routine tests if selectctl tooth nulclel(s) is/are to bc copicd (step 512). if ,so, the routine creates ncw tooih models or tootlr object(s) ba.5ed on tho selected objcct(s) and liatiks these netiv objects to existing toot h objects b,46re cxiting the rouline (step 513). Alternatively, if thc user does not want tt) copy objectS, the rolitine checks if the user wisl]e5 to rotate selected tooth object(S) (slep 514). If the objects are to be rotated, lhc routine complies with the rcctuost (sxcl) 5 1Cf) whore the scloeted object(s) are rotated and their now positions are noted in the liuk4d list data stnicture. Aftirward, the ruLdine deselects the object(s) and exits, Frotit step 514, ir the toUth objecls are not to be rotated, the rouline checks if thc us+.:r wistics io t!ip the tooth objects (step 518). If so, the routine ilips thcm in step 520 aitd ulidates lhw locotion of the seleeled objects therein before exiting thc routinc Altern:ttively, front step 5222, the user may wish to enter text associated witli the selected objects. If so, the roufin.e a11ows the user to enter text and to associttte the text with the xc:lectcd ohjccts (stcp 524) by adding the text to the linked list data structure for the ()lsjerts. T}yc text 4r.tca=ed in step 524 may includc numbers as literals.
After step 524, the roYriiric deselLcts the object(s) and e:cits.
Alternatively, t'rosn step 522, thc routine checks if the user has assigned a number such ti5 tlie lr;nt;th or width of the selected tooth object(s) (step 538). 1t so, tlle routiue 1-rocccd:; wilh stop 510. 'I'ho niinibcr(s) eittcred in step 540 is/a.re dimension7l n9sil;n111CIlia Nvliich arc onlered as part of the dirrmensions of the tooth object(s) and thc size of tlle object(s) is/are 0hlnaed. t-rom step 540, the rotttino deselects the objcct(s) mid e:i i ts, lC,ront stop 539, if nittitbers arc itot entered, the routiiie checks if the user wishes to cr:t ilto seleutcd toolh object(s) (step 550). Yf so, tlie respectivc object(s) are deleted aitd tht: liitk associatu,i with tho elert:cnt immediatc:ly prior to the first selectcd object is lixiked to thQ, clctncnt immediately after thL last selected tooth object (step 552).
Furtlier, tlte c1a}i struGtt.tres nssoGi:lted Nvith the deletcd objects are clca.rted-up sucll that the mcmory ttllocattd to ttic deleted objects is releayed back for other uses. rrorti step 550 atzd stop W, the routine tlesclccts tltc objeGL(S) and Cxits.
'!'lic ori p,,inal ciata stnictu!'e prior to the ctiit operation is temporarily a.rchiv'ed in :naittory to ertablc tho opErtttioz- of the "Undo" optioti. Tho "Uudo" option is useful in thc;
ovciit t1vil tllc user wisltcs to change his or her niind atler secing the edited todtl-object(s). Voicv recotgnition is useCut for cerlain data entry a,spc:c,'is such as Lhe entering cif text 7nnotztion amt ihe sclcctiott ofcompottents.
In Fig. 4, ;t dis,ritsil model 600 of an isolated sinole tooth die with a mounting post or sl een attached to tlic totatlt base is shown. The system of l:ig. 2 is tYsed to desil;n a base 604 aiut 4e it3o:ijttirig post or stem 602 on the digital mode1600 of Lhe isolatecl tooth die.
Altern7lely :tq shown in .pig. 5, the systetn of 1ig. 2 is uscd to design a base 604 witlt a ho1e 606 shown in cross section for receiving a pre-fabricated inountiiig post or sf.ent oit (lio di~,ita1 xiicyclel 600 t'1`ttto isolated tooth diz. This digika.l inodcl 600 with the base 604 nnd citheX 1) the rnouittiiig post or stcm 602, or 2) the ltole 606 in tlYe base 604, is refen=cd tt) liarcin as a di-,ital isol:ttecl tooth clie modcl. O11eC conlpleted and GlleckeCl by tltc dCllt'itl icclxiyiciati if nec;deci, the cligital file for the digital isolatcd tooth die model is transfoircrl to a CIl4'! sy5tent whGrc a physical niodcl of the digital isolatcd toetth die modcl is 1'a1}ricatid tbat acoutately rei'lects tho geomctry and details of the digital isolated tooth die tnotiel. fabricated physical tiiodel of the dil;ital isolal.ed tootEi die niodcl will typically bc usca by tlsc detatalla,boratory as the pattern to prepare the permanent crown t`or the niod4led tcioth.
Thc prcacesi doscribf:d abovc: for a single tooth crown may be extcnded to apply to t;oilstrtrctioty or dii;il.al iriodels fcr restorative denta] prosthetics in getreral and thc tiabriiriticnn ofph5sica,l modLls of any ntiritber ofteeth.
Wliile ilitr proscnt invention has been described in connection with ccrUtitl prkCerred cmbottirnc ts, it will be tmdcrstood that it is not limited to ttiose embodimenls.
011 t1xC cuntrary, it is itlLended to coVei' aII alternatives, modificatrons and eqtiivalents as may bc inc:ltldcil witl1in thc slsirit and scope of the invention as defiiicd in the appcnded cla,ims,
Claims (18)
1. A method for treating, teeth, comprising;
scanning; a dental structure to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising, a three dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in a scanned dental structure;
modifying the digital model to isolate a tooth and create one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensional tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base;
creating physical models from the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models using, Stereo Lithographic Apparatus (SLA) equipment, where said physical models replicate the structures of the digital dental model and said one ore more digital isolated tooth die models; and using the physical models as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
scanning; a dental structure to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising, a three dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in a scanned dental structure;
modifying the digital model to isolate a tooth and create one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensional tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base;
creating physical models from the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models using, Stereo Lithographic Apparatus (SLA) equipment, where said physical models replicate the structures of the digital dental model and said one ore more digital isolated tooth die models; and using the physical models as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising utilizing a dental computer aided design system to view the digital dental model and create the one or more digital isolated tooth die models.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein to creating the one or more digital isolated tooth die models includes selecting a tooth to be isolated, isolating said tooth and adding a hole to a base of the isolated tooth, and saving the digital isolated tooth die model as a unique digital file.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the physical models contain unique identifier marking.
5. A system for treating teeth, comprising:
means for intra-orally scanning a dental structure to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising a three dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in the scanned dental structure;
means for modifying the digital dental model to isolate a tooth and create one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensioned tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base; and means for creating a physical models of the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models, whereby the physical models can serve as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
means for intra-orally scanning a dental structure to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising a three dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in the scanned dental structure;
means for modifying the digital dental model to isolate a tooth and create one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensioned tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base; and means for creating a physical models of the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models, whereby the physical models can serve as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
6. A system for treating teeth, comprising:
a scanner to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising a three-dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in a scanned dental structure;
a dental computer aided design system for modifying the digital dental model in designing one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensioned tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base; and a Stereo Lithographic Apparatus (SLA) system coupled to the dental computer aided design system for creating physical models from the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models, whereby the physical models can serve as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
a scanner to generate a digital dental model, said digital dental model comprising a three-dimensional representation of teeth and gingiva surface contours in a scanned dental structure;
a dental computer aided design system for modifying the digital dental model in designing one or more digital isolated tooth die models, wherein each of said digital isolated tooth die models comprises a digital three dimensioned tooth surface, a tooth base and a hole for receiving a pre-fabricated mounting post or stem dimensioned to the tooth base; and a Stereo Lithographic Apparatus (SLA) system coupled to the dental computer aided design system for creating physical models from the digital dental model and said one or more digital isolated tooth die models, whereby the physical models can serve as a pattern for fabrication and fit check of a dental prosthetic.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the dental computer aided design system is used to add an identifier marking that is evident on the physical models.
8. The system-of claim 6, wherein the scanner comprises an intra-oral scanner.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the computer aided design system creates the one or more digital isolated tooth die models by selecting a tooth to be isolated, isolating said tooth and adding, a hole to a base of the isolated tooth, and saving the digital isolated tooth die model as a unique digital file.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein the physical models contain unique identifier markings.
11. The system of claim 6, comprising a CIM system coupled to the computer aided design system.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the CIM system fabricates a physical model of the digital isolated tooth die model reflecting the geometry of the digital isolated tooth die model.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the fabricated physical model of the digital isolated tooth die model provides a pattern to prepare a permanent crown for the modeled tooth.
14.The system of claim 13, wherein the fabricated physical model is used by a dental laboratory.
15, The system of claim 13, wherein the fabricated physical model is used by a dental technician.
16. The system of claim 13, wherein the fabricated physical model is used by a doctor.
17. The system of claim 13, wherein the fabricated physical model is used by a orthodontist or a dentist.
18
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2006/013386 WO2007117239A1 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2006-04-11 | Method and system for automated mass manufacturing of custom tooth die models for use in the fabrication of dental prosthetics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2648922A1 true CA2648922A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
Family
ID=37762204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002648922A Abandoned CA2648922A1 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2006-04-11 | Method and system for automated mass manufacturing of custom tooth die models for use in the fabrication of dental prosthetics |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2004087A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2648922A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007117239A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3593755B1 (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2021-08-18 | 3Shape A/S | Computer program product for planning, visualization and optimization of dental restorations |
| DE102011057029A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Degudent Gmbh | Method for producing a dental model, support plate for receiving a denture model and dental equipment |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6882894B2 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2005-04-19 | Duane Milford Durbin | Method and system for automated mass manufacturing of custom tooth die models for use in the fabrication of dental prosthetics |
| US7293988B2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2007-11-13 | Align Technology, Inc. | Accurately predicting and preventing interference between tooth models |
-
2006
- 2006-04-11 EP EP06769812A patent/EP2004087A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-11 CA CA002648922A patent/CA2648922A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-11 WO PCT/US2006/013386 patent/WO2007117239A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007117239A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| EP2004087A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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