CA2629555A1 - Related/overlapping innovations in health/energy/transport/farming and infrastructure - Google Patents

Description

We could process bio crops such as Jatropha, corn, sugar cane, coconuts and oil palm, as well as any and all organic wastes (including manures, sewage)...

1. Chemical solvents: hexane, benzene...

2. Soxhlet: chemical solvents, methodology involves repeated washing and/or percolation using hexane and/or petroleum ether (involving reflux in specified glassware).

3. Enzymes (best bred/cloned/synthesized): enzymes break down the cell walls of the bio crops, involving water as solvent assisting in fractionation.

4. Expression (Expeller Press): Mechanical pressing and chemical solvents.

5. Osmotic Shock: fast reduction in osmotic pressure causing the cells to implode/explode, to expel cellular contents including oil.

6. Supercritical fluid: C02, is liquefied under pressure and heated which acts as a solvent that is both in a liquid and a gaseous state.

7. Ultrasonic-assist: sonochemistry, using an ultrasonic reactor, ultrasonic waves make captivation bubbles in a solvent material, the bubbles rupture near the cell walis, it makes shock waves of liquid jets making the cell walls to break down to expel their contents within a solvent.

8. We plan to use our diamond technology for manufacturing larger diamonds, used in conjunction with the pressure/heat to press to crush and breakdown bio crops to release their oils (GP 10%), and any and all waste including garbage, eg.
plastic, rubber, and oil/tar sands (into slag and gasses) we could also combine the use of the pressure/heat smelt metals (steel, aluminium..) heat salt water and use the steam to turn turbines producing energy and then condensating into fresh water, the heat can be powered by mirrors or Tall Gravity to Electricity Invention *underground patented by Gerard Voon) and heat to vibrations to energy technology.
We could do any and all combinations of the 1 to 8 processes above to process for any and all bio-crops and any and all garbage as well as in tandem, we could sequence the processes. (DLD 40% Asia) We could harvest (via from animals and cells tissue to artificial synthesis) 1-alpha-hydroxylase calcidiol to calcitriol, to produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D that bond to Vitamin D
Receptor and retenoid-x receptor (RXR).

We are using the products of VDRE vitamin D response elements namely catheiicidin and defensin beta 2 (Peptides) used as an antibacterial/antiviral/antifungi agents. Including all of the above uses, that are interchangeable with chitosan eg. cleanser -detergent, carpet powder, soap bars, liquid soaps, disinfectants, tooth paste, mouth wash, final stage to clean up industries that use strong microbes (eg. genetically engineered extra tough microbes), -we are also testing these two substances effectiveness against toxins and heavy metals (eg.
binding...).

We plan to use 1,25D as a treatment to cause immune cells take away the cell to cell signalling via secreted cytokines and other factors that cause major inflammations. Diseases that can be treated include, but are not limited to, peripheral - chronic inflammation-related diseases, for example: chronic inflammation; thrombosis; atherosclerosis;
restenosis; chronic venous insufficiency; recurrent bacterial infections; sepsis; cutaneous infections; renal disease; glomerulonephritis; fibrotic lung disease; allergic disease; IBS;
rheumatorid arthritis and acute bronchiolitis. Central nervous system-macroglia and microglia related diseases, for example: neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer's disease; Multiple sclerosis;
Parkinson's disease; neuroinflammation; HIV-associated neurological diseases; HIV-associated dementia; CNS bacterial infections; brain Toxoplasma gondii; Acanthamoeba infections;
Listeria infections; prion diseases; subacute spongiform encephalopathies and macular degeneration may also be treated.

We also plan to deactivate, remove, the GADD45x-is gene to try to augment our stem cells to more proliferation, then restore its function once the cells are ready for use.

As well as the above creatures we could use the HOX treatments on (close relatives of the dinosaur precusor), eg. elephants to mammoths, tigers to sabre tooth tigers, alligators/crocodiles, bats, any and all birds.

Any and all methods and techniques for Cloning Elephants, Narwhales, walruses and any and all expensive ivory, teeth, bones (whales), human, skulls, jaws, horns (horns 5%).
We need to determine the precusor cells to the ivory (possible from the jaws, and/or skill and/or dentine surrounded on one side by pulp).

We need to know the signalling mode of these creatures that cause them to grow the ivory (eg. pressure missing, feedback molecules, hormones, substances and their concentrations, produced by the cells external surrounding cells and/or internally within the cells eg. causing the stem cells DNA to line up and the cell to split into two robust (cytoplasm - organelles) divisions)...

We could tissue culture their stem cells (especially from creatures with the best quality ivory) and find the gene(s) and/or chemicals that stimulate the stem cells to specialize into ivory.
One method to enhance growth is to Gerard's patented stem cells recycling method (and perhaps isolation and further culturing the cells with the longest telomeres into new colonies possibly surrounded with dental pulp on one end)... We plan to grow any and all teeth and bones and horns and tusks possibly using precusor cells, (stem cells using my patented cell proliferation techniques possibly bone marrow and red blood cells and plasma).
We could grow teeth, tusks, bones (including whale bones) by differentiating their stem cells via signalling and emulating the necessary factors (environment that) the cells naturally grows in.
We will induce the bone cell differentiation via bone morphogenetic proteins from large numbers of stem cells and/or Germ cells and/or bone marrow derived from the stem cells/germ cells. We could use synthetic matrix/scaffold that are porous, varying shapes and sizes to seed new bone growth. Possibly using coral, ceramic and animal collagen.

We could feed calcium and proteins to prompt and calls on cells such as osteoblasts and other cells to lay down new matrix that mineralizes and forms hydroxyapatite and collagen.
By using a porous matrix/scaffolding we allow blood vessels (and/or synthetic blood and/or liquid/serum tissue culture medium) snake through the bone framework (and/or applied directly to control/manage growth of the teeth/bones/tusks/horns) carrying many different compounds that orchestrate bone remodeling, such as calcitrol (a form of vitamin D-3), caicitonin (a thyroid hormone that prevents bone resorption), parathyroid hormone (which works with calcitrol to regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism), and prostagiandins (fatty acids that perform hormonelike functions).

We could also use foam/polymer/co-polymer to contain the direct tissue culture of bone marrow (and/or precusor stem cells seeded for its own proliferation; also stem cells into bone marrow; and stem cells into red blood cells and plasma at the right time the stem cells are treated with signals, proteins, amino acids ... pressure, hormones, bone morphogenetic protein growth factors), surrounded with surrounded by live vascular tissue, surrounded by medium such as nutrients oxygenated pulsing with nutrients.

Additionally (we could use neurotrophin family includes nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-1 (NT-1), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) and/or apply with stem cells to apply to patients suffering from spinal cord injury).

REFERRENCE MATERIAL...
TAKEN FROM WIKIPEDIA:

List of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins BMP Known functions Gene Locus *BMP1 does not belong to the TGF-,6 family of proteins. It is a Chromosome: 8;
BMPI metalloprotease that acts on procollagen I, II, and Ill. It is Location:
8p21 involved in cartilage development.

Acts as a disulfide-linked homodimer and induces bone and Chromosome: 20;
BMP2 cartilage formation. It is a candidate as a retinoid mediator. Location:
20p12 Plays a key role in osteoblast differentiation.

Chromosome: 14;
BMP3 Induces bone formation Location: 14p22 BMP4 Regulates the formation of teeth, limbs and bone from Chromosome: 14;
mesoderm. It also plays a role in fracture repair. Location: 14q22-q23 BMP5 Performs functions in cartilage development. Chromosome: 6;
Location: 6p12.1 Chromosome: 6;
BMP6 Plays a role in joint integrity in adults.
Location: 6p12.1 Plays a key role in osteoblast differentiation. It also induces Chromosome:
20;
BMP7 the production of SMAD1. Also key in renal development and Location:
20q13 repair.

BMP8a Involved in bone and cartilage development Chromosome: 1;
Location: 1 p35-p32 BMP8b Expressed in the hippocampus. Chromosome: 1;
Location: 1 p35-p32 BMP10 May play a role in the trabeculation of the embryonic heart. Chromosome:
2;
Location: 2p14 BMP15 May play a role in oocyte and follicular development. Chromosome: X;
Location: Xp11.2 hide]

v=d-e Cell signaiing: TGF beta signaiing pathway TGF beta family (TGF-01, TGF-02, TGF-03) Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, BMP7, BMP8a, BMP8b, BMP10, BMP15) TGF beta superfamily of ligands Growth differentiation factors (GDF1, GDF2, GDF3, GDF5, GDF6, GDF7, Myostatin/GDF8, GDF9, GDF10, GDF11, GDF15) Other (Activin A and B/inhibin A and B, Anti-mullerian hormone, Nodal) TGFBR1: Activin type 1 receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B, ACVR1 C) - ACVRL1 - BMPR1 (BMPRIA - BMPR1 B) TGF beta receptors TGFBR2: Activin type 2 receptors (ACVR2A, ACVR2B) TGFBR3: betaglycan TransducerslSMAD R-SMAD (SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD5, SMAD9) - I-SMAD (SMAD6, SMAD7) - SMAD4 Ligand Inhibitors Cerberus - Chordin - DAN - Decorin - Follistatin -Gremlin - Lefty - LTBP1 - Noggin - THBS1 Coreceptors BAMBI - Cri to Other SARA

Chemical & Engineering News August 25, 1997 Other SARA

Chemical & Engineering News August 25, 1997 Copyright 1997 by the American Chemical Society I l- . . v19"~
BONING UP

At the human body shop, bioceramics or biopolymers combined with bone cells and growth factors are likely to lead the parts list STEPHEN K. RITTER
C&EN Washington A woman struck by a car in Florida loses 3 inches of her crushed lower leg and could be left to live with a drastic disability for the rest of her life. A Detroit teenager with a marble-sized divot in his thigh from the removal of a benign tumor could spend the rest of his life being overly cautious.

But the woman is now back to ballroom dancing, and the teenager is swimming again and plans to go skiing.

These dramatic tales of people who against great odds recovered from accidents or diseases to live reasonably normal lives are examples of the benefits reaped from research that began in the 1980s to characterize with increasing accuracy the content and structure of human bone. The success of this research now is resulting in new drugs and treatments for bone diseases, a host of new synthetic materials to repair bone fractures or to serve as bone replacements, and tissue engineering techniques to induce bone growth from scratch using a patient's own bone ceils.

"There is more activity now in this field than there ever has been before, which I find gratifying," says Ralph E. Holmes, professor of surgery and head of the division of plastic surgery at the University of California, San Diego, Medical Center. Holmes, who invented a scanning electron microscope backscatter imaging technique to quantitatively measure ingrowth of bone in implants, has been a leader during the past 20 years in evaluating many synthetic materials. "I think the current activity is a sign of the maturity of all the sciences involved and a recognition that not just one thing can make bone heal," Holmes observes.
Although bone seems lifeless, it actually is made up of a very alive, porous framework that is constantly rebuilding itself. Bone is a composite material made up of collagen protein fibers threading through hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)30H. Hydroxyapatite makes up about 70% of bone structure and essentially all of the enamel in teeth. The coliagen fibers, a bundled array of cross-linked helical polypeptide strands, provide extra strength, allowing bones to flex under stress.

BENEATH BONE'S HARD EXTERIOR...

Bone tissue replaces itself through the action of cells called osteociasts that produce acids to dissolve (resorb) hydroxyapatite and enzymes to break down collagen. The resulting release of calcium and proteins prompts other cells called osteoblasts to lay down new matrix that mineralizes and forms hydroxyapatite and coliagen. Some growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic proteins, are manufactured by bone cells themselves to either increase or decrease bone remodeling.

Blood vessels snake through the bone framework, too, carrying many different compounds that orchestrate bone remodeling, such as calcitrol (a form of vitamin D-3), calcitonin (a thyroid hormone that prevents bone resorption), parathyroid hormone (which works with calcitrol to regulate caicium and phosphate metabolism), and prostaglandins (fatty acids that perform hormonelike functions). Beneath all of that is the bone marrow that creates the osteoblasts and osteociasts as well as the red and white blood cells.

Skeletal deficiencies from trauma, tumors and bone diseases, or abnormal development frequently require surgical procedures to attempt to restore normal bone function. Although most of these treatments are successful, they all have associated problems and limitations.
For a minor fracture, usually a few weeks in a cast are all that is needed for the bone to repair itself. For a more severe fracture or one in a particularly tricky position, a bone cement or filler may be used to help strengthen the fractured bone so it heals faster. These procedures may or may not require metal hardware such as plates, pins, or screws for extra support.

For severe fractures, a bone graft may be needed. In a typical bone graft, natural bone or a synthetic material is shaped by the surgeon to fit the affected area and held in place with hardware. Over time, the natural bone growth process takes over and at least partially resorbs the grafted bone. Key to the level of resorption is the porosity of the implant material that allows ingrowth of vascularized tissue.

Surgeons have been performing bone grafts for years. The preferred method is a procedure called an autograft, where bone fragments are taken from a patient's own body-usually a hip (iliac crest), the pelvis, or ribs-and affixed to healthy bone. An alternative method, called an allograft, uses bone donated from a cadaver and works nearly as well.

Bone grafts are painful, complicated procedures that generally involve a long recovery period. Drawbacks to autografts are the two surgical procedures needed, meaning longer hospitalization and recovery time, and higher cost. Besides, the body doesn't carry much spare bone.

Allografts eliminate the need for a second surgery, but after sterilization, the donated bone loses much of its strength. In addition, when bone grafts are taken from cadavers, there is the risk of rejection or of transmitted diseases such as hepatitis B or AIDS
caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. Allograft procedures have been on the decline since late 1993 when the Food & Drug Administration issued regulations governing bone and tissue banks because of the risk of transmitting infectious diseases.

A third option, which today is becoming more viable, is use of a synthetic material to replace lost bone. Synthetic materials have the advantage of eliminating the need for surgery to claim bone for the graft procedure, and eliminating the chance for rejection or transmission of infectious disease. An additional benefit is a significant reduction in medical cost and, in general, a faster recovery time.

The ideal bone substitute, according to Holmes, would approximate the autograft, requiring minimally that it be biocompatible and osteoinductive so that the body's natural bone-making process eventually would replace the implanted material. Most synthetic materials, however, are weakly resorbed or do not resorb at all. But low resorption is not necessarily a drawback, he says.

In some applications, such as a long bone fracture, one might hope for complete resorption of a synthetic material. But in other cases, such as reconstruction of the chin, resorption may not be desirable at all. Thus, a combination of autograft and synthetic material with hardware often turns out to be the best solution, Holmes notes.

The driving force to develop new treatments for bone diseases, the fractures associated with them, and fractures from trauma is that they make up an important segment of the health care industry. Americans suffer some 5.6 million fractures, and surgeons perform about 3.1 million orthopedic procedures in the U.S. each year, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Industry experts expect these numbers to increase steadily as the general population grows older.

In 1995, the latest year for which statistics are available, there were some 426,000 bone-graft procedures in the U.S., according to Medical Data International (MDI), a market research firm based in Irvine, Calif. That makes bone second only to blood transfusions on the list of transplanted materials.

The worldwide bone-graft market was estimated to be about $800 million annually, about half in the U.S., MDI reports. In 1995, about 58% of bone-graft procedures were autografts, compared with 34% allografts, and 8% synthetic materials, and nearly half of the procedures involved the spine. The percentage of synthetic procedures is expected to rise substantially as new biomaterials continue to come onto the market.

Treating bone diseases When osteociasts dissolve old bone faster than osteoblasts can replace it, the result is osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by loss of bone density that can lead to debilitating fractures of the hip and spine. The disease usually strikes postmenopausal women (age 50 to 70) as a result of decreased estrogen and progestin levels.
The disease also can occur later in life (after age 75) in women and, as a result of testosterone imbalance, in men.

According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, an estimated 20 million women in the U.S. have osteoporosis. That number is projected to grow to more than 35 million by 2015.
Furthermore, the financial impact of osteoporosis in the U.S. has been estimated to be almost $14 billion per year in medical costs and lost productivity. These sobering statistics are the driving force for research into drugs to prevent or treat osteoporosis and other bone diseases. Industry analysts expect the global osteoporosis market for pharmaceuticals to reach $5 billion by 2005.

Osteoporosis can be detected by radiological imaging techniques used to measure loss of bone density. Besides prevention through diet, a number of therapies are being used to treat or prevent the disease. Estrogen replacement therapy, approved in 1988 by FDA, is common. Combined estrogen-progestin therapy as well as calcitonin therapy also are being used.

Diphosphonates are a class of compounds that are now becoming available in the U.S. as nonhormonal drugs for prevention of osteoporosis and as a treatment to help prevent bone fractures in patients who already have osteoporosis. The drugs are also proving successful for treatment of Paget's disease of bone (a chronic dissolving of normal bone followed by disorganized, enlarged, and weakened bone formation) and heterotopic ossification (abnormal overgrowth of bone, usually at postoperative sites such as the hip).
Although the exact mechanism of action of diphosphonates is unclear, they accumulate on bone surfaces and inhibit osteoclast resorption, allowing the bone-formation process to dominate.

DIPHOSPHONATES HELP BOOST BONE DENSITY

The use of diphosphonates to treat bone disease was first advanced by emeritus research chemist M. David Francis and coworkers at Procter & Gamble in Cincinnati.
Francis' other research accomplishments include discovering the benefits of adding fluoride salts to toothpaste to prevent tooth decay and adding pyrophosphate (P407 4-) for tartar control (C&EN, March 11, 1996, page 34).

Francis led the development of etidronate (disodium 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate), a compound that Procter & Gamble originally had looked at as a detergent additive to chelate calcium and other hard-water ions. Etidronate, now marketed by Procter &
Gamble as Didronel, is used in the U.S. and abroad to treat Paget's disease and heterotopic ossification.
Procter & Gambie also markets Didronel in 17 countries for osteoporosis.

However, in April of this year, Merck announced that it had become the first company to receive final U.S. approval for a diphosphonate to help prevent or treat osteoporosis.
Alendronate (sodium 4-amino-l-hydroxybutylidene-1,1-diphosphonate) is now marketed in 49 countries as Fosamax.

FDA's decision to clear the drug, according to the company, was based primarily on two-year results of an ongoing six-year study of more than 1,600 women ages 45 to 59.
The drug is working as well as hormone replacement therapy to increase bone mass at the hip and spine, while a placebo group is showing a gradual loss of bone mass.

Procter & Gamble has another diphosphonate compound, risedronate (sodium 2-(3-pyridinyl)-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate), that is in late-stage Phase III clinical trials for treatment of osteoporosis and Paget's disease. In March, the company filed a new-drug application with FDA for treatment of Paget's disease, and plans to file another application for treatment of osteoporosis in 1998. In May, Procter & Gamble announced it was forming a global alliance with Hoechst Marion Roussel-the pharmaceutical company of Germany's Hoechst-to commercialize the new drug under the name Actonel.

Mending and making bones Poly(methyl methacrylate), an old standard, has been used for decades as a synthetic filler to repair skeletal defects and affix metal implants to bone. Usually methyl methacrylate is polymerized in situ at the site where additional bone is needed. The polymer hardens to become stronger than bone and is generally a good substitute.

One of the advantages of poly(methyl methacrylate) as well as similar types of bone fillers and cements is that they can be injected through the skin. But there are a couple of problems critical to the use of these materials. One is that they usually must cure in situ and in doing so can generate heat that could damage surrounding soft tissues. Another, and perhaps more important issue, is that most of the materials are minimally degradable or don't degrade at all, nor can they support ingrowth of new bone tissue.

The concept of developing materials that are biocompatible and can at least be partially resorbed in the natural bone-growth process grew out of the ground-breaking research in the 1960s by Marshall R. Urist, a professor of orthopedic surgery at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Urist was the first researcher to conclusively demonstrate the phenomenon of osteoinduction, or the natural process of bone desorption and formation. For more than a century, surgeons had recognized the ability of demineralized bone to aid bone healing. But it was Urist's work on implanting demineralized bone segments into animals and being able to induce new bone growth within the implants that led him to conclude in 1965 that cells in the bone matrix stimulated cells at an implant site to differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts. He later showed that bone morphogenetic proteins are the sole inducers of bone cell differentiation. His original paper reporting those findings was recently reprinted as a landmark paper in the Journal of NIH Research [9, 43 (1997)].

Urist's findings coupled with better diagnostic techniques subsequently gave rise to a greater understanding of bone structure and the bone-formation process. This understanding, in turn, led to the development of a host of calcium-based synthetic bone products designed to mimic natural bone and to actually be resorbed by the body. It has been only recently, after many years of animal trials, that these materials have advanced to the point that they are acceptable for use in humans and are starting to gain FDA approval.

One company well ahead in the synthetic bone implant market is Interpore International of Irvine, Calif. In November 1992, Interpore became the first company to receive FDA approval for a synthetic bone-void filler.

The company's Pro Osteon hydroxyapatite is made from coral through a thermochemical process developed in the 1970s. Currently, it is the only synthetic product on the market that has a porous infrastructure similar to natural bone. The interconnected structure of the coral remains intact throughout processing, providing a matrix through which blood vessels and new bone tissue can grow.

INTERPORE'S SYNTHETIC BONE GRAFT...

Interpore acquires between 2 and 4 tons of coral each year from atolls in the Pacific and Indian Oceans to make its product, less than 1% of the total annual amount of coral imported into the U.S., the company says. The amount of coral harvested for import is controlled by the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna &
Flora (CITES) and is generally agreed upon by ecologists to present little threat to fragile reefs as long as the coral is harvested in ways that sustain the reefs as living structures. One coral "head" weighing 150 to 200 lb provides enough material for several hundred bone grafts.
The synthetic material is prepared by heating the coral-which is essentially calcium carbonate-with ammonium phosphate at more than 200 C for 24 to 60 hours to obtain about 95% hydroxyapatite. The material is processed into block or granular form and sterilized by gamma radiation.

Used similarly to natural bone in autograft procedures, the synthetic material has about the same length of healing time. A surgeon can shape a block of the material, for example, to fit into a fracture crevice or a carved out portion of a long bone. The graft area is then stabilized with a metal plate and screws, which later can be removed.

The natural porosity of the material does have the drawback of reducing its strength, notes David C. Mercer, Interpore's president and chief executive officer. But the porous structure provides room for bone tissue to immediately grow into the pores of the implant. However, the material is only partially resorbed and replaced by natural bone. The company is now evaluating in preclinical studies a related new product that has a higher resorption rate.
Pro Osteon is currently approved for nonweight-bearing treatment of fractures at the wide end of long bones and for jaw and reconstructive facial surgery, according to Mercer.
However, the material has been used in many cases to replace a short section of a long bone, he says. In such cases, the limb must be immobilized for a long period-perhaps several years-to ensure new bone growth has become strong enough to support weight.
Sales of Pro Osteon have increased steadily since 1992, reaching $11.7 million in 1996, up 47% from the previous year. Sales in the first half of 1997 continue to be strong, increasing 13% from last year's first half to $6.3 million. lnterpore also has approval to sell its bone substitute in 41 countries and began international marketing in 1995.

Although synthetic biomaterials on the market or under development work well for their intended functions, none has yet proven to be sufficiently strong or able to be processed into a large enough piece to stand in as a complete replacement for long bones.

Research by University of Texas, Austin, chemistry professor Richard J. Lagow, however, appears to have come the closest to that goal. Lagow makes a high-purity hydroxyapatite from scratch by reacting calcium metal, calcium hydroxide, and phosphoric acid at 700 to 850 C. Lagow also has come up with analogous high molecular weight linear calcium polyphosphates by reacting hydroxyapatite with phosphoric acid. The success of his research has led to the creation of a small Austin-based company, called OsteoMedica Inc., to develop the synthetic materials as potential complete bone substitutes.

Key to developing these compounds for implant materials, Lagow says, is their high purity, which does not retard bone growth. Also important, he says, is holding the reaction temperature below the 1,200 C temperature at which calcium phosphate fuses into a ceramic.

Besides controlling bulk size and shape, during his proprietary synthesis and processing method, Lagow can moderate the interconnecting porosity of the synthetic material-in the range of 150- to 400-pm pores-to match the density of different types of bone.
"Interconnecting means that the body can vascularize it quickly and bone can then grow into the material much faster because there is a greater surface area for the osteoblasts and osteoclasts to work," Lagow notes. "Otherwise, the osteociasts must tunnel through the bone matrix to resorb the synthetic material, which is a much slower process."

Lagow has collaborated with UT Austin chemical engineering professor Joel W.
Barlow and others to develop a selective laser sintering technology that they have patented to fabricate complex bone shapes from the calcium phosphate materials.

Barlow and his research group developed a technique whereby they use a spray drier to coat hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate powders with a poly(methyl methacrylate) that acts as a binder. The materials readily fuse in the sintering process but maintain their interconnecting pore structure. And, unlike other bioceramics being investigated as bone substitutes, they retain their high strength during processing, Lagow says.

LAGOW S METHOD TO SYNTHESIZE...

The laser can be guided to form intricate bone shapes by computer, using data sources such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. The molded ceramic is then heated to remove the polymer and further processed. Thus far, the researchers have been able to generate a wide range of bone sizes and shapes. The technology has since been licensed to BioMedical Enterprises Inc., San Antonio, which is pursuing biocompatability studies of fabricated calcium phosphate implants.

OsteoMedica's goal is eventually to provide surgeons with synthetic molded bone "blanks"
that can be custom shaped to fit a patient's needs. The company's bioceramic, called Megag raft 1000, so far has been successful in tests replacing tibia sections in rabbits and other animals.

And in a very successful study on dogs, sections of the radius were replaced with the synthetic bone. After 11 months, support plates and screws were removed, and the dogs eventually regained full use of their legs. One of the most promising aspects of the study was that, some three years after the time of the implant, the synthetic material was completely resorbed- results that haven't been reported for other synthetic materials.
OsteoMedica is preparing to begin clinical trials in humans for spinal fusions in the U.K.
and Australia, where regulatory requirements aren't as stringent as in the U.S.

"Being able to synthesize novel hydroxyapatite material to make it accessible to higher bone ingrowth and remodeling rate is a critical step," says UC San Diego's Holmes, who has evaluated both Interpore's and OsteoMedica's products. While he finds both materials work well for their intended use, a product such as OsteoMedica's hydroxyapatite being available in different pore sizes would be particularly useful for a wide range of applications to control the level of resorption, he notes. "Wi'th a range of porosities and resorption rates, surgeons could learn to choose the synthetic material for a particular application much in the way they choose a suture material."

Glen O'Sullivan, an assistant professor of orthopedics at Stanford University Medical Center, also has used lnterpore's product in his patients and has worked on a clinical study of spinal fusions in sheep using OsteoMedica's material. He, too, finds both materials perform well for their designed use.

"One advantage of OsteoMedica's product is it is one of the hardest materials," O'Sullivan notes. "For example, lnterpore's material can be crumbled between the fingers, while OsteoMedica's is strong enough to drill holes in it. This makes OsteoMedica's a good candidate for use in the spinal column, whereas Interpore's would not be-and it isn't approved by FDA for that."

Holmes and O'Sullivan agree that there isn't one material that is going to be suitable for all applications. "With any of these new products," O'Sullivan says, "one likes to be optimistic, but the hopes and expectations may not always pan out for all applications."
It makes sense, he adds, that FDA only approves what might appear to be broadly applicable bioceramic materials for a narrow range of applications.

There are perhaps dozens of calcium-based synthetic materials in addition to Interpore's and OsteoMedica's that have received approval for use in the past couple of years or are anticipating approval soon. In 1996, for example, FDA approved OsteoSet, a calcium sulfate (plaster of paris) bone-void filler developed by Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, Tenn., that is reasonably resorbed by the body in as little as eight weeks. Another product cleared in 1996 by FDA for repair of cranial defects is a hydroxyapatite bone cement developed by American Dental Association Health Foundation researchers called BoneSource.
The material will be manufactured by OsteoGenics Inc. and distributed by Howmedica Leibinger, a division of Pfizer.

An injectable bone cement developed by Norian Corp., Cupertino, Calif., is described by the company as a biocompatible, moldable compound made by mixing calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with sodium phosphate solution into a toothpastelike substance. Norian currently has approval to market its Skeletal Repair System in Europe and Canada, and is working toward regulatory approval in Japan and the U.S., mainly for treatment of wrist and hip fractures.

New directions In 1993, FDA approved one of the first bone graft substitutes that capitalized on a new concept for products to facilitate bone repair. Collagraft, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb subsidiary Zimmer Inc., Warsaw, Ind., is a hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate and bovine collagen that must be mixed with a patient's own bone marrow.

In late 1996, Interpore signed a license and development agreement with Quantic Biomedical, San Rafael, Calif., for a technology to use a gellike material containing bone growth factors from a patient's own blood that can be combined with its coral-based Pro Osteon to provide accelerated bone growth. Preclinical feasibility trials are expected to begin by the end of this year.

These examples illustrate the impact that the "delayed discovery" of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) has had in opening the research community to a new direction:
the concept that BMPs, bone cells, and various hormones could form the basis of an engineered system for bone repair that includes bioceramics or biopolymers. In essence, the world of bioceramics is being wed to the world of tissue engineering.

Although Urist's work on osteoinductivity was definitive, most researchers weren't convinced until BMPs actually began to be cloned by recombinant DNA methods some 20 years after his landmark research paper.

In 1988, the first group to clone a BMP was that of senior director John M.
Wozney at biotechnology company Genetics Institute, Andover, Mass. [Science, 242, 1528 (1988)].
Today, one of Genetics Institute's molecules, BMP2, is in clinical trials for fracture repair, spinal fusion, and other possible applications. Several other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are testing the more than 30 BMPs cloned thus far for potential use in bone- and tooth-mending applications. "BMPs are destined to bring osteogenesis under the control of surgeons before the turn of the century," Urist noted in a commentary on his landmark paper.

"Despite the great advances in the synthetic materials, one still needs the bone cells,"
O'Sullivan states. "Bone cells are needed in the implant material and you want a means of stimulating bone cell activity. This is where research with BMPs is really going to take off."
O'Sullivan notes that even during autograft procedures, surgeons attempt to aspirate bone celis from adjacent bone to incorporate into the implanted bone, and sometimes use material extracted from presurgical blood donation by the patient to help induce implant bone growth and resorption.

O'Sullivan points out that a critical step remaining for BMPs is to find the optimum carrier for implantation. Although bioceramics likely will work well, he says, they do have the problem of slow resorption. Thus many researchers believe that biodegradable polymers will work best as delivery devices for human growth factors, he says.

One of the leaders in the biodegradable polymer area is Antonios G. Mikos, an associate professor in the department of chemical engineering and the Institute of Biosciences &
Bioengineering at Rice University, Houston. "The advantage of using polymers is that one can very accurately engineer their mechanical properties and degradation characteristics,"
he explains. The size and shape of the scaffold can be made to order as well, depending on which bone a potential patient may need.

Mikos and his research group are working on strategies to naturally grow bone from scratch either in vitro or in vivo by seeding natural or synthetic polymer scaffolds with bone cells or to use the scaffolds as conduits to induce new bone growth from surrounding tissues. Several substrate materials are being investigated by a number of researchers, Mikos notes, including poly(a-hydroxy esters), polyanhydrides, polyimides, polyphosphazenes, and collagen.

The success of such strategies is dependent on the scaffold material's being biocompatible, osteoconductive, and quickly degradable into products that can be metabolized or excreted, he explains. For example, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) breaks down to lactic acid and glycolic acid, which are metabolized in the body and excreted as carbon dioxide and water.

Osteoblast transplantation onto a polymer scaffold would eliminate the problem of donor scarcity, immune rejection, and pathogen transfer by taking the needed cells from a patient's own body, Mikos points out. Although osteoblasts may be obtained by a variety of methods, including bone chips from an injury site or enzymatic digestion of harvested bone, the most desirable method would be to obtain the cells from the patient's own bone marrow.
Osteoblasts obtained from bone marrow, for example, can also be expanded in tissue culture in a lab and seeded onto a polymer scaffold for implantation.

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) has been extensively investigated as a material for tissue-engineering scaffolds because it already has been approved by FDA for use in surgical sutures, can be made with controlled pore size, and degrades well. The first such scaffolds were designed by biomedical and chemical engineering professor Robert S.
Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Joseph P. Vacanti of Harvard Medical School in the late 1980s to create an in vitro environment that enables cells to organize themselves to form functioning tissues. Langer and Vacanti prepared crude scaffolds by bonding together poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) fibers into a two-dimensional network.

In 1991, working with Langer and Vacanti, Mikos (then at MIT) further developed the polymer scaffolds by incorporating sodium chloride crystals into the copolymer matrix by adding crystals to a solution of the dissolved polymer. The salt crystals were later leached out, leaving behind a porous polymer matrix. Mikos was able to control porosity and pore size by varying the concentration and size of the crystals.

In another technique, Mikos extruded polymer fibers and aligned them in the shape of the desired scaffold. He embedded the arrangement in a polymer with a higher melting point and bound the scaffold together by heating. After cooling, he selectively dissolved the embedding medium, leaving behind an interconnected, highly porous structure.

Mikos, graduate student Susan L. Ishaug-Riley, and coworkers have recently conducted feasibility studies to show that bone formation in vitro and in vivo is possible by culturing rat osteoblasts in three-dimensional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams of different pore sizes (shown on the cover of this issue).

In one study, the polymer foams supported the proliferation of the seeded rat osteoblasts in --i vitro to form a calcified bonelike tissue after two months [J. Biomed. Mater.
Res., 36, (1997)].
The goal of the study was to gain a better understanding of the important parameters in the design of an osteoblast foam-culture system before attempting osteoblast transplantation in vivo.

In a subsequent in vivo study, rat bone marrow osteoblasts were seeded onto polymer foams and implanted into the rat mesentery (the membrane of the abdominal cavity) [J. Biomed.
Mater. Res., 36, 1 (1997)]. Growth of islands of mineralized bonelike tissue in the foam surrounded by fibrovascular tissue was observed within one week and had significant penetration of bone tissue into the scaffold after seven weeks.

The findings were encouraging, the researchers note, because they indicate that the regenerative potential of the seeded polymer scaffolds for new bone growth with transplanted cells and secreted bone growth factors may further induce bone growth from adjacent bone.
Ishaug-Riley received a student outstanding research award from the Society for Biomaterials for the in vivo study at the society's 23rd annual meeting in New Orleans in May.

Osteoblast transplantation is not a straightforward approach, Mikos says, noting that because bone is highly vascularized, it is not possible to engineer and grow a complete bone or bone fragment in vitro and transplant it. "The maximum thickness of new bone one can create in vitro is a few hundred micrometers, which is not significant for clinical applications.
However, the goal is to form new bone tissue in vivo and not in vitro. Then, vascularization becomes equally important to bone formation and necessary for regeneration."

A critical issue for cell transplantation is which phenotype of transplanted cell should be used. "It is not clear if one should transplant osteoblasts or preosteoblasts or progenitor cells," he says.

Mikos believes it will be possible in the next decade for tissue-engineered implants to be used for the reconstruction of skeletal deformities resulting from trauma, tumors, or abnormal development. "I hope that new cell-based therapies will be developed for the treatment of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis based on combinations of degradable biomaterials, growth factors, and cells," he says. "Yet, the main drawback with new polymers is the time and effort needed to get FDA approval for their use."

O'Sullivan is optimistic about the prospects of tissue engineering in bone repair, but also cautious about a couple of potentially critical problems. FDA currently is not certain about how to regulate tissue-engineered products, he says. (A problem with tissue cultures is potential contamination with a fungus, bacteria, or mold.) "And it will be interesting to see if the new technology will become available in an affordable manner, given that the couple of companies working on BMPs have spent a tremendous amount of money during the past few years to develop a research infrastructure." He thinks the BMP companies will end up controiling the technology development path for the synthetic implant companies.

"The next step is going to be a fine balance between cost and whether the outcome is going to be worth it."

n coral that is converted to hydroxyapatite and processed into block or granular form. X-ray ima )one fragment was removed and replaced by the synthetic material. Metal plates and screws ob -rt the ankle until it heals.

hemCenter ^Pubs Div. Home Page We are so looking at cloning fish (especially high in omega 3) and the cells that produce or are rich in omega 3 for food any and all varieties, any and all climates for sushi, chinese seafood cuisine, fish and chips and any and all cuisine, including pelletisizing for food for livestock, also cloning the silivary glands that produce bird's nest soup, and jellyfish dishes, as well as clone any and all livestock (including chicken GP 33%), for flesh as well as fur and for leather and skin...

(3.5%) Growing com on the top layer could package (hereinafter, package/packed refers to biodegreadable absorbant yet stiff enough to support planst such as corn) large tight rooting and the stalk stands up - packed surrounding the roots is enough soil and/or peat and/or manure/compost/partially treated sewage and any and all organic wastes and/or chitin/chitosan to provide for the corn (and/or any and all plants to last through maturation -the packages fit in holes in large styrafoam trays and/or lava rock, and a further layer of lava rock below. Underneath the lava rock is a perforated strong waterproof material (eg. PVC) to hold up the two layers above and finally the bottom is a catch basin, where we could grow lobsters/crawdads/crayfish/tilapia/any and all shell fish/and any and all fishes and any and all water creatures; the entire system could be flushed with UV treated salt water and re-circulated UV treated salt water and low concentration feed tea manure...Alternatively if the tea manure has too much nitrogen, we could skip the middle layer of lava rock and rather plant the com in tight packages with enough peat and top soil in the rooting package surrounded by either a thick layer of styrafoam with holes that fit the rooting packages, and or lava rock to keep the corn from tipping and then place a membrane -multiple layer (eg.
sealing above the perforated strong waterproof material eg. PVC) to keep the nitrogen out, from entering the catch basin where the lobsters/crawdads/crayfish/tilapia/any and all shell fish/and any and all fishes are housed or more importantly to keep the salt water below from tainting the corps above, unless the farmed creatures below are fresh water species.
Alternatively, we could design the system where water does not pass freely between the crops hydroponics' in packages surrounding the stalks of eg. corn we could put bags of algae (that are passed with tea manure) above and the farmed water boume species below we could recycle water, where nitrogen-ammonia water caused by feces/uneaten are treated with UV and then micro organisms in sand and membrane to take out the salt which produces fresh water that is re-circulated to the plants/crops above, then the opposite the water from the crops (that have nitrogen removed by the roots of the crops) can be mixed in salt if for salt water re-circulation. This rotational re-circulation, may create symbiotic synergies. We could grow these stacked farming systems on further floors up all the way up tall buildings... possibly with TALL GRAVITY TO ELECTRICITY INVENTION buried underground to provide energy. We could also grow root foods in third world countries (as well as rice) such as yam, sweet potatoes and potatoes which may be higher yield than rice - in its ability to fill stomachs (even gingseng)... by packing the area surrounding the roots with a large footprint of tightly peat/top soiVmanure/slightly treated sewage/compost/and and all organic waste, perhaps surrounded by a burlap (or biodegradable - any and all covers) to wrap, and placed in a hydroponic solution (eg. tea manure; possibly supplement with phosphorous/potassium and vitamins), surrounded by support such as thick styrafoam flats to support the stock and lava rock surrounding the packaged roots - with ample packaging of root growth space so as not to impede the growth of root crops - possibly in sky scrapper green houses.

We could also methylation, imprinting to increase harvests of any and all crops including any and all bio crops.

We could coat any and all seeds (especially bio crops seeds) as well as pack chitin/chitosan around roots.

In all of the above we use chitin and chitosan interchangeably.

The some of the following can be interchangeably between any and all creatures and any and all plants.

We are culturing stem cells (using testing for the best timing and sequences...) and enhancing their proliferation by using GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) + fetal bovine serum (FBS) (and/or any other mediums) to methylate in the p15 CpG
island. Viable cells were responsible for this epigenetic change. Following the GM-CSF + FBS application the culture was added to inhibitors for DNA
methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) caused the demethylation of nearly all CpG sites in the p15 CpG island on every allele sequenced. GM-CSF may be able to induce de novo methylation of the p15 gene, using HDAC(s) as well as DNMT(s).

Taken Wikipedia:

Neoplastic tumors often contain more than one type of cell, but their initiation and continued growth is usually dependent on a single population of neoplastic cells. These cells are usually presumed to be clonal - that is, they are descended from a single progenitor cell.
The neoplastic cells typically bear common eg netic or epigenetic abnormalities, an evidence of clonality. For some types of neoplasm, e.g. lymphoma and leukemia, the demonstration of clonality is now considered to be necessary (though not sufficient) to define a cellular proliferation as neoplastic.

Nocodazole and Colchicine have the opposite effect, blocking the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, we could try these drugs to increase the proliferation of stem cells.

We are also using proto-oncogenes to increase stem cell proliferation (see below taken from Wikepedia).

Proto-oncogene A proto-oncogene is a normal gene that can become an oncogene due to mutations or increased expression. Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that help to regulate cell growth and differentiation. Proto-oncogenes are often involved in signal transduction and execution of mitogenic signals, usually through their protein products. Upon activafion, a proto-oncogene (or its product) becomes a tumor inducing agent, an oncogene.u Examples of proto-oncogenes include RAS, WNT, MYC, ERK and TRK.

edit Activation The proto-oncogene can become an oncogene by a relatively small modification of its original function. There are three basic activation types:

= A mutation within a proto-oncogene can cause a change in the protein structure, causing o an increase in protein (enzyme) activity o a loss of regulation = An increase in protein concentration, caused by o an increase of protein expression (through misregulation) o an increase of protein stability, prolonging its existence and thus its activity in the cell o a gene duplication (one type of chromosome abnormality), resulting in an increased amount of protein in the cell = A chromosomal translocation (another type of chromosome abnormaiity), causing o an increased gene expression in the wrong cell type or at wrong times o the expression of a constitutively active hybrid protein. This type of aberration in a dividing stem cell in the bone marrow leads to adult leukemia Mutations in microRNAs can lead to activation of oncogenes.v New research indicates that small RNAs 21-25 nucleotides in length called microRNAs (miRNAs) can control expression of these genes by downregulating them.r7l edit Proto-Oncogenes There are several systems for classifying oncogenes, 8 9 but there is not yet a widely accepted standard. They are sometimes grouped both spatially (moving from outside the cell inwards) and chronologically (paralielling the "normal" process of signal transduction). There are several categories that are commonly used:

Category Examples Description Usually secreted by specialized cells to induce cell proliferation in themselves, nearby cells, or distant Growth factors, or c-Sis cells. An oncogene may cause a cell mitogens to secrete growth factors even though it does not normally do so. It will thereby induce its own uncontrolled proliferation (autocrine IOog), and proliferation of neighboring cells. It may also cause production of growth hormones in other parts of the body.

Kinases add phosphate groups to other proteins to turn them on or off.
Receptor kinases add phosphate groups to receptor proteins at the epidermal growth factor receptor surface of the cell (which receive (EGFR), platelet-derived growth protein signals from outside the cell Receptor tyrosine factor receptor (PDGFR), and and transmit them to the inside of kinases vascular endothelial growth factor the cell). Tyrosine kinases add receptor (VEGFR), HER2/neu phosphate groups to the amino acid tyrosine in the target protein. They can cause cancer by turning the receptor permanently on (constitutively), even without signals from outside the cell.

Src-family, Syk-ZAP-70 family, and Cytoplasmic BTK family of tyrosine kinases, the _ tyrosine kinases Abl gene in CML -Philadelphia chromosome Cytoplasmic Serine/threonine Raf kinase, and cyclin-dependent kinases and their kinases (through overexpression).
regulatory subunits Regulatory Ras protein GTPases -Transcription -MYC- gene factors We plan to add Cargo transport In the cell, small molecules such as gases and glucose diffuse to where they are needed.
Large molecules synthesised in the cell body, intracellular components such as vesicles, and organelles such as mitochondria are too large (and the c osol too crowded) to diffuse to their destinations. Motor proteins fulfill the role of transporting large cargo about the cell to

Claims (12)

Claims Chitosan/chitin-calcium phosphate composites/nacre/mollusk shell/shells from lobsters/crawdads/crayfish...polysaccharide...also aragonite, calcite and vaterite.

Any and all Uses for chitosan's antibacterial properties and its low toxicity for human and creatures ingestion.

We can use it as a spray (eg. mix with drinks in hepatitis prevalent countries), flavoured and/or unflavoured (no taste) - an additive to any and all foods mixtures and/or beverages, as well as spray on cup (prevention e.coli, salmonella, avian flu) spray a film on masks for any and/or all diseases that are airborne, including diseases that are spread by fluid transfer.
We could also inject this substance via empty T-cells (and other immune cells eg.
macrophages, phagocytes and lymph) that bind to HIV AIDS, filling these immune cells whose membrane proteins bind with HIV AIDS cells and deliver chitosan (same as cancer and any and all diseases whose infection method can be identified to bind with the immune cells membranes between proteins and receptors to deliver chitosan to kill the diseases and then we could repopulate the disease battle zone with stem cells (possibly use HOX genes and/or building blocks of HOX) and differentiated stem cells appropriate to the battle zone.
The delivery of these concoctions can be via multi micro syringes to ensure neither too much and/or too little of the concoctions to the map of the infected battle zone.
We can use the above for any and all uses to kill off bacteria and/or viruses.
(Jz 0.7%) We could use the chitosan in conjunction with zeolite, semi-permeable membrane, and test for heavy metals - if there is high amount of heavy metals in a batch we could plasma torch the batch to burn for energy.

We could use it for sewage/tea manure and/or all organic wastes. We could also use it to caked/coated onto a multi level horizontal/vertical matrix/scaffold to soak in reservoir tanks, until the water has reached safe levels.

We could use it to develop fluoride and/or chlorine and/or paste.

We could develop jugs where caked on perforated blocks drip off and mix with the chitosan cleansing the water. (Tea Bags - 25% GP), Powder and/or dissolving pill.

Also a large diameter straw with permeable caked/coated on dyed (to indicate level filtration ability remaining) chitosan. And even polluted rivers and/or lakes and/or wells and/or cisterns...whereby a large amount of chitosan is slowly discharged (and since chitosan is a renewable resource, we can mass produce the substance.

We could dye all the chitosan to observe the remaining concentrations.

(DLD Asia 40%) Also to add to polluted water sources.
Also Salt Water to Energy and Fresh Water Technologies.
We could also rear any and/or all chitosan sources such as crayfish/crawdads, in multiple levels of tanks in huge underground bunkers, possibly growing algae and other biocrops and/or any and/or all energy sources eg. solar, wind mills, TALL GARVITY TO
ELECTRICITY INVENTION...

We could also build aquariums (tanks/reservoirs) with a sunken floor to drain through pipe that is covered by a rubber stopper (like toilet stoppers), so that by lifting the stopper (flushing action) the stopper lid opens to the spout/pipe.

The spout/pipe immediately under the stopper has a grill/sift with small enough holes to avoid the fish/crawdads...falling through.

We can use a squeegee/rake to sweep the uneaten food and/or feces, down the spout/pipe, where these material is drained away.

We could add calcium and/or chitin, to the water when the creatures are moulting.

We could try to clone chitosan the stem cells and differentiate into the layer cells (precusor cells to the chitosan shell (GP 1%)) under moulting that produce chitosan exoskeleton.
And/or produce molecules that have the same basic structure as chitosan.

Chitin (C8H13O5N)n is a long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine.

Chitosan can also be used as scaffolding for stem cell, and differentiated planted artificially grown organs.

Chitosan could also be distributed in powdered and/or sprayed form to stop red tide.
Chitosan used for any and all detergents and/or oil/tar sands bitumen separator, (tailings ponds GP 13.5%), any and all industrial uses especially food and beverage industries, wet and dry tissue and toilet paper, (paper towel 13.5% GP), film lined any and all bags - paper to garbage bags. Pulp and Paper (eg. card boxes) made with less need for poisonous preservatives. We could use the chitosan for (refining any and all petroleum and bio fuels GP 10%).

Chitosan might also be used as a spray on preservatives such as wood, any and all spray on applications (2.5%).

Chitosan could also be used as soaps for animals. Chitosan could also be added to (compost?), and/or an additives wet vacuums, and/or wet air filters (with removable cartridges Jeff 1%), it could also be caked on/coated on any and all seeds, especially bio crops, and/or chitosan could be used at the end of the need for micro organisms, as a way of treating the micro organisms out the fermentation process to kill off potential microbial threats.

Chitosan could be used in powdered form to treat foot odour, dry and remove odour from shoes and/boots that are wet inside (ski/snowboard boots), kitchen clothing, fabric softener, carpet powder, spray/powder for any and all home uses on furniture/fruit bowl...any and/or all hospital uses, and office, and leisure (eg. where hepatitis, dengue fever, hemorrhagic fever ...
On another note, we plan to genetically bioengineer potatoes, and yams, and sweet potatoes, and taro roots to third world countries, where rice paddies costs are going up, and rice farming polluting the water supply (runoff from fertilizer and pesticides) and rice farming carries waterborne diseases such as malaria. Furthermore potatoes are probably more productive in terms of bulk value) as well potato farming is the USA is suffering from low cost, meaning it is a cheaper source of food for developing nations struggling to put food on the table.

We could use chitosan to refine any and all oil and gases We could also create cardboard boxes and biodegradable bags and wrapping -which can be made in different sizes and durability with a paper/cardboard box/bag and wrapping maker that is like a printer controlled by the computers, especially where the material contained is perishable foods, (eg. inner lining of candies, and snack foods).

We could make chitosan tooth paste and mouth wash, and/or gum and/or candy mints for fresh breath.

We could use chitosan and its properties to make a healthier palm oil and any and all oil (cooking products GP 0.1%).

We could use chitosan to clean up any and all hazardous materials. And use to clean up contaminated lands; land fills, slow dissolving slow delivery to aquaculture pens possibly hoses with sprinkling.

Hoses/trickling/sprinkling (eg. capillaries that reach the width/length of shellfish commercial farms that release) the chitosan in agriculture as well as farming feed.

As a an additional farming note we plan grow mass quantities of potatoes in developing countries where land is cheap, and rice prices are rising, while potato profits in decreasing in America are lowering. Potatoes are possibly more productive in terms of filling the stomach with less land. Potatoes use less water loss to evaporation. Rice fields can cause water borne diseases (including parasites and malaria). We could build green houses whose roofs are shaped like a spout/funnel that drains rain into a tank. We could also use Gerard Voon's salt to fresh water and energy invention to provide water. Local sources of water could be filtered with chitosan.

We are considering growing hydropohnically grown potatoes plants in floating trays. We will deliver into the water and/or substrate chitosan to prevent rot. We might recover the chitosan via, membrane, filter and/or drying. We can grow craysish/crawdads under the floating platforms, the walls need to be higher and transparent to keep the crayfish/crawdads from escaping, yet not interefere with light on the potato plants above. We could use tea manure for the fertilization of tanks, and for germinating tanks, no fertilizer, where the crayfish/crawdads are safest.

(GP 1%) We might also grow flats of algae (of optimal depths) with chitosan mixing in tea manure to harvest bio fuel.

If we make the floating platform tall enough to support the neck we could grow corn and/or any and all bio crops and high profit crops (eg. ice wine). We could even incorporate these hydroponic platforms into multiple level glass sky scrapper buildings. We could rotate these flats of floating platforms in circles (GP 1% solely) to get better sun exposure - more even or slow/stop/reverse to give certain regions more light. We could put in the centre of the building a Gerard Voon's patented TALL GRAVITY TO ELECTRICITY INVENTION
(and/or any and all building such as offices/condos/hotels/resorts/apartments at its centre GP 5%) and industrial uses for the centre as well and top levels buildings of underground shopping malls) whereby any and all crops are on multiple level floating platform flats that rotate around the buildings. We could also incorporate windmills on top or sides of the building.

We could rotate the entire platforms deck/level spinning around to get the most of the sun relative to the different needs of the platforms.

We could also build these spinning farms on platforms in the sea/oceans including polluted places.

We could also grow jacobra in hot dry climates by using low water required substrates such as lava rock and foam.

We could even use lattice skeletal structure of the building that are open walls, in climates that are non-extreme with the transparent roofs that funnel/spout the water down to a tank/reservoir.

We could use the centre/core of the building to chum the corn and microbes to (churn) ferment and produce ethanol. We plan to use sound and magnetics in pulses to stimulate/induce the micro organisms to (possibly imitating pulsating sounds that cause optimal metabolism and temperature and timing possibly in cycles so the micro organisms are pushed in the extreme one way at the cost/price of their long term health) to grow, proliferate and produce enzymes that ferment the corn.

We could use plasma torch/laser to burn any and all wastes, such as coal effluent, pulp and paper discharge (where the liquid discharge can be bound to chitosan and then dried and burnt with plasma torch/laser), any and all hazardous waste and all industrial/raw and all along the development stream of wastes produced (GP 1%) including recycling.

We could tie-in developers to be green (recycling) by identifying any and all parts taking apart and all buildings (sky/scrappers, houses, condominiums...) before demolition and/or renovation and refurbish their appliances/computers/televisions/audio/video/electronics furniture and the building materials like bricks separated from the dry wall and wooden doors/frames, walls... Some of the material can be refurbished (eg. computer with CD - for education, Internet (to learn about anything and everything from the world's knowledge) and email (to make friends even business connections worldwide) and Word capabilities (to be able to communicate and express in the Arts, Business, Science... papers of your ideas and understanding, perhaps internet web page designing program) and supplied to the poor worldwide.

We could also try to increase proliferation of stem cells by administering the ambilify drug, viagra and/or cialis...

We could have any and all plants uptake chitosan to fight fungi, rot, disease, toxins and heavy metals and produce long shelf life in fruits and vegetables and their by products.
We plan to take the homeodomain protein (genes) WUSHEL (WUS), LEAFY (LFY), and AGAMOUS (AG) to cultivate and grow stem cells of (high value plants - biofuel crops, ginseng, coffee, tea, rare plants).We are also testing GARP and bZIP. And explore phytohormone cytokinin, transcriptional network and factors and how these processes regulate proliferation.

Growth hormone cytokinin is at most effective when WUSCHEL stops the ARR genes feedback loop.

Ethylene is a major factor that drives the plant cells to proliferate.

We also plan to use epigenetic mechanisms which have had some success in non-plant stem cell proliferation.

The purpose of cloning is to try to grow valuable fruits and vegetables by, 1.) tissue culture of the stem cells and then differentiating them into desired cells (fruits and/or vegetables, kernels), 2.) multiplication effect from less starter cells needed to grow next generation's crop size (eg. rather than planting kernel by kemel, one kemel's many stem cells can be used to produce multiplications of starter plants for next generation crops), 3.) hybridization, isolating stem cells from the most productive and best characteristics for suited purposes of such crops.

We could also grow potatoes in our towers (glass sky scrappers), our plan is to submerge the potatoes und a platform with a hole so the stem can grow above, and we add chitosan in the medium below to prevent fungi and rot.

We plan to use pressure and temperature - to manure/sewage/any and all organic waste /tea manure... (possibly a vacuum surrounding the targeted raw materials) to create nitrogen, that can be used as fertilizer.

We can use the following for nitrogen fixation, including legume family Fabaceae:
Family. Genera Betulaceae (Birch): Alnus (Alder) Casuarinaceae (she-oaks):
Allocasuarina Casuarina Gymnostoma Coriariaceae: Coriaria Datiscaceae: Datisca Elaeagnaceae (oleaster):

Elaeagnus (silverberry) Hippophae (sea-buckthorn) Shepherdia (buffaloberries) Myricaceae:
Morella arborea Myrica Comptonia Rhamnaceae (buckthorn):
Ceanothus Colletia Discaria Kentrothamnus Retanilla Trevoa Rosaceae (rose):
Cercocarpus (mountain mahogany) Chamaebatia (mountain misery) Purshia (bitterbrush or cliff-rose) Dryas (Taken from Wikipedia) There are also several nitrogen-fixing symbiotic associations that involve cyanobacteria (such as Nostoc). These include some lichens such as Lobaria and Peltiqera:

.cndot. Mosquito fern (Azolla species) .cndot. Cycads .cndot. Gunnera Microorganisms that fix nitrogen .cndot. Diazotrophs .cndot. Cyanobacteria .cndot. Azotobacteraceae .cndot. Rhizobia .cndot. Frankia We could also develop microbes (and/or any and all enzymes) to combat bad breath, microbes for fermentation (gasses and/or sugars/carbohydrates/cellulose to ethanol and/or compost...any/and all waste organic (eg sewage; manure) and any and all -mixed with temperature (mirrors cheaper and plasma torch augmentation - eg. if ore heat is needed and/or days that are not sunny) and heat for oil/tar sands - to eliminate difficult to process waste, seriously unwanted and of little recycling value we could plasma torch it (with Gerard Voon's TALL GARVITY TO ELECTRICITY INVENTION V - generating the energy to power the plasma torch).

Microbial growth requires cell signalling when there is a quorum (to grow large colonies of microbes one needs to start with a grouping of the microbes), and biofilms that appear at the same time are an indiicator if not a cause if not and an affect. In humans, in the case of infections, bio films can block the immune cells from reacing the perpertrating microbes.

Perhaps by adding Dermatix or other scar removing substances, the patient could have their biofilm removed, and then stem cells and localized differentiated cells (probably from the stem cell stock) can be injected possibly with chitosan, to repopulate the and clean up the infection site.

We could use genetic circuits on any and all genes of any and all creatures.
There are four main chemicals; A for adenine; C for cytosine; G guanine; T thymine.

We could use DNA synthesizers.

Using mixed chemicals (solvents) that form molecules ... that create short strings to short strings to longer chains, and joined into doubel stranded DNA and copied.

In addition we could use furanone from a long-leaf sea weed to prevent the microbes from building biofilm. This substance can be used for out breaks of antibiotic resistant infections, including digestive and any and all illnesses or unwanted presence of biofilms, for human and any and all creatures, applications, mix with stem cells, localized differentiated cells, chitosan Even cancer, possibly inflamatory over active immune systems...(or under active immune systems).

Nitrogen Fixation by Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria inhabit nearly all illuminated environments on Earth and play key roles in the carbon and nitrogen cycle of the biosphere. Generally, cyanobacteria are able to utilize a variety of inorganic and organic sources of combined nitrogen, like nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, urea or some amino acids. Several cyanobacterial strains are also capable of diazotrophic growth. Genome sequencing has provided a large amount of information on the genetic basis of nitrogen metabolism and its control in different cyanobacteria.
Comparative genomics, together with functional studies, has led to a significant advance in this field over the past years. 2-oxoglutarate has turned out to be the central signalling molecule reflecting the carbon/nitrogen balance of cyanobacteria. Central players of nitrogen control are the global transcriptional factor NtcA, which controls the expression of many genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, as well as the P II signalling protein, which fine-tunes cellular activities in response to changing C/N conditions. These two proteins are sensors of the cellular 2-oxoglutarate level and have been conserved in all cyanobacteria. In contrast, the adaptation to nitrogen starvation involves heterogeneous responses in different strains Nitrogen fixations can be used to extract nitrogen from sewage/manure/any and all organic wastes to have a purer/ cleaner fertilizer, that can as a final step be mixed with chitosan to eliminate microbes. We could synthesize the genes (and/or clone the entire microbe) responsibly for most effective nitrogen fixing as well ethanol from cellulose as well a s bio crops... We could also use the gene synthesis technique, to create new life of any and all forms, differentiate stem cell pools into required specialized cells. And/or reprogram old cells to revert to precursor and/or stem cells (eg. HOX, Homeodomain cells) perhaps replenish the telomerase. We could examine the tole of telomerase with and without endings to see if the reason a stem cells stops proliferating is directly caused by telomerase shortening or if its shortening with age is only another age related coincidence.

For Inflamatory diseases (antagonists) formyl peptide receptor like 1 receptor (FPRL
1),whereby CCR1 ligand and CKB8-1 recruits monocytes and neutrophils and FRPL1 attracts monocytes, dendritic cells, and resting lymphocytes. Mix the CCR1 and FRPL1 and CKB8-1 to recruit/attract immune cells to the infected sites.

One application is to take a large population of stem cells and differentiate them (or tissue culture) them into White cells, T-cells, macrophages, phagocytosis, (possibly) B-cells, cytotoxic, and remove the contents from these cells and refill them with (electro shock, laser fuse and/or micro syringe) material that would be toxic fluid and/or salts and/or chitosan that enter the virus AIDS/HIV virus until the virus bursts...

The AIDS/HIV has proteins, sugar-contains theglycoprotein gp 120 on its envelope, "recognizes" a protein on helper T-cells, macrophages, phagocytosis, (possibly) B-cells, cytotoxic named CD4, and physically associates with it. The CD4 [Cluster of Differentiation Antigen No. 4] protein is a normal part of a helper (both Th1 and Th2) T-cell's membrane.
Thus, CD4 is a specific receptor for HIV.

Besides AIDS, formyl peptide receptor like 1 receptor (FPRL 1),whereby CCR1 ligand and CKB8-1 recruits can be used with stem cell line grown immune cells (of variety and amount most effective for the procedure) and micro inject into any and all bacteria/virus infected regions of the body (to recruit/atract immune cells to), as well we could put chitosan into the mix to help kill microbes). We need to study the genes that activate and deactivate inflammation to treat diseases that are inflammatory related.

Diseases that can be treated include, but are not limited to, peripheral -chronic inflammation-related diseases, for example: chronic inflammation; thrombosis;
atherosclerosis; restenosis;
chronic venous insufficiency; recurrent bacterial infections; sepsis;
cutaneous infections;
renal disease; glomerulonephritis; fibrotic lung disease; allergic disease;
IBS; rheumatorid arthritis and acute bronchiolitis. Central nervous system-macroglia and microglia related diseases, for example: neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer's disease;
Multiple sclerosis;
Parkinson's disease; neuroinflammation; HIV-associated neurological diseases;
HIV-associated dementia; CNS bacterial infections; brain Toxoplasma gondii; Acanthamoeba infections; Listeria infections; prion diseases; subacute spongiform encephalopathies and macular degeneration may also be treated.
We plan to test the chemokine receptors eg. CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CCR8, CXR2 and CXCR4 as well as cytokines to act as targeting mechanisms for immune cells.

We plan to try either or both Dermatix or scar removing products or furanone to try to remove the plaque/fiber tangles from Alzheimer's patients, then repopolate the area with 1. stem cells, 2. neutrophins, 3. localized differentiated cell types, 4. stimulus pulsating electrode, all these techniques are also applicable for Mad Cow Disease, Parkinsons Disease -acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, soma-tostatin as well as melatonin, these treatments can also be used for patients with spinal cord illnesses treating their neurons and dendrites.

Gene therapies can be transfection, viral infection, microinjection, or fusion of vesciles.

Proteins including anti-inflammatory (to treat inflamatory related illinesses) ctyokines, growth factors/antioxidants protect neurons when present in the extracellular space (the presence of a screctory signal sequence) the protein protects when inside a neuron - eg.
protein is an antioxidant that localizes to an intracellular organelle. Neuron uptakes of these proteins are known as protein tranduction domain. Further conversion of stem cell into neurons include...nerve growth factor (NGF), glial-derived neutrophic factor (GDNF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), brain-derived neutrotrophic factor (BDNF), ciliary neutrotrophic factor (CNTF), fibrobalst growth factor 2 (FGF-2), neutrophin 3 (NT 3) and transforming growth factor B (TGF-B). We are using these factors to enhance proliferation and cloning (including stem cells).

We plan to use binding proteins calbindin D28K, to proliferate any and/all of our cell cultures (especially stem cells and cloning) and all treatments from excitotoxins, pro-oxidants, serum withdrawl, also from B-amyloid, excitotoxins, hypogiycaemia, cynaide, as well as helping metabolism, ATP concentrations and mitochondrial potential.

The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are a family of antiapoptotic proteins that bind and inhibit caspases 3, 7, and/or 9. We plan to use IAP's to proliferate any and all cells including stem cells, differentiated cells of any kind, including immune cells for fighting diseases, brain damage...The IAP proteins contain a BIR (baculovirus IAP repeat) a domain next to the amino-terminus. The BIR domain can bind some caspases. A large proportion of the IAP
family of proteins block proteolytic activation of caspase-3 and -7. XIAP, cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 appear to block cytochrome c-induced activation of caspase-9, thereby preventing initiation of the caspase cascade. IAP-1 and cIAP-2 were first identified as components in the cytosolic death domain-induced complex associated with the TNF family of receptors, they may inhibit apoptosis by additional mechanisms. We plan to use these mechanisms to proliferate cells (especially stem cells and cloning).

Other antiatpotopic, via cdk inhibitor include flavonoid derative that inhibits cdk 1, 2 and 4.
Olomoucine and roscovitine which are purine derivatives that inhibit cdk1, 2 and 5 and also early response kinase 1 and/or MAP kinase activities. These substances are effective in saving and perhaps increasing proliferation (eg. stem cells or at least CGN
and cloning) of trophic factor deprivation and DNA damage. Particularly induced by KCL
withdrawl.

FLIP/FLAME is highly homologous to caspase-8. It does not, however, contain the active site required for proteolytic activity. FLIP appears to compete with caspase-8 for binding to the cytosolic receptor complex, thereby preventing the activation of the caspase cascade in response to members of the TNF family of ligands. The exact in vivo influence of the IAP
family of proteins on apoptosis. Using this mechanism we plan to augment proliferation of cells (especially stem cells and cloning).

The IE1 and IE2 proteins each inhibit the induction of apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor alpha or by the E1B 19-kDa-protein-deficient adenovirus but not by irradiation with UV light.
We plan to use IE1 and IE2 proteins to proliferate any and all cells including stem cells and cloning, differentiated cells of any kind, including immune cells for fighting diseases, brain damage...

The 14-3-3 protein is also associated to proliferate cells, eg. stem cells and cloning, differentiated cells, immune cells, bone, neurons...

We are also using Heat Shock Protein 27 and 72 and 70 and 54 to make cells (eg. stem cells and cloning) proliferate.

We are also using BAG-4, BAG proteins, EBV-EBER, Imp-1, ki-67, bcl-2, survivin, Bax, fas, c-myc, and p53 to make cells (eg. stem cells and cloning) proliferate.

In mammal cells, survivin colocalizes with the mitotic apparatus including B
tubulin, microtubules, centrosomes, and kinetochores. Inhibition of survivin with anti-survivin antibody results in delayed metaphase and produces mitotic cells with shorter and less dense mitotic spindles to be used for cell culture (stem cells and cloning).

For females we might try to obtain more eggs from females by managing the c-jun protein, c-fos protein, estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER-.alpha. and ER-.beta.), progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki-67for their roles in proliferation (including stem cells and cloning)and apoptosis of glandular epithelial cells.

We are also using III collagen (eg. coated dishes), together with ascorbic cid and ascorbic 2-phosphate and long effecting vitamin C derivative and also epidermal growth factor (to further proliferate cells culture (especially stem cells and cloning).

We are also using Polycomb Group gene complexes (PcG) to proliferate cell culture (eg.
stem cells and cloning), once we want to use the stem cells and cloning for patient treatment (eg. body parts), we can silence the PcG by using multiprotein complex PRC1, PRC2 and PhoRC...

We are studying using amino acids and glucose and water...

We also plan to develop microbes (eg. pre/pro-biotics) that act on the mouth breath and flatulence to remove the bad odours (perhaps mixed with zeolite - eg. powdered and/or pre-mixed with liquids).

Amino acid classes Class Amino acids hydrophobic Norleucine, Met, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile neutral hydrophilic Cys, Ser, Thr acidic Asp, Glu basic Asn, Gln, His, Lys, Arg disrupt chain conformation Gly, Pro aromatic Trp, Tyr, Phe The variant polypeptides can be made using methods known in the art such as oligonucleotide-mediated (site-directed) mutagenesis, alanine scanning, and PCR mutagenesis. Site-directed mutagenesis (Carter, 1986; Zoller and Smith, 1987), cassette mutagenesis, restriction selection mutagenesis (Wells et al. , 1985) or other known techniques can be performed on the cloned DNA to produce the SHAAGtide variant DNA (Ausubel et al. , 1987; Sambrook, 1989).

STEM CELL PROLIFERATION (as an aside we could put high levels of zinc into the stem cell nutrient solution/tissue culture/medium to increase appetite and faster growth as well Vitamin E is known for keeping seniors healthier and may help to keep stem cells or microbe cells to further proliferate...).

I) We plan to batch cells at different stages of stem cell development by using protein kinase enzymes to catalyze phosphate group from ATP to a target protein to activate or deactivate specific proteins.

We plan to pulse regulatory proteins called cyclins to dependent kinases to work in rhythm with MPF (maturation promoting factor) that will recycle the sequence of events during cell cycle.

As well stem cells that are full enough of cytoplasm to reach the threshold volume to genome ration, is also being tested.

We plan to use Bio Flip Chip (BFC), a microfabricated polymer chip containing thousands of microwells (for example if we centrifuge the microbes found in a termite's gut and put into well foring colonies and tissue culture then when there are multiple identical cells (stem cells) we simply screen the DNA of from a single cell from the colony the seed cell would possess (selected after verified testing) the phenotypes that are the most productive/efficient cost and difficulty and hardiness to produce butanol and survive the toxins), and with gelatin, a 3-D
substrate, and even another layer of cells.

We are testing the effects of SHP2-mediated activation of the MAP kinase cascade in regards to proliferation of stem cells.

II) We could take a somatic DNA from a female (and/or female) and micro inject, electro fuse, and/or laser fuse/heat shock into any female's egg that has had its DNA
removed or a fertilized egg that has had its DNA removed. The idea is that the cytoplasm has reached its threshold volume to genome ration, (eg. one theory is that there is enough key organelles -that can't be easily duplicated that exists in duplicate in the parent cell;
to migrate to each polar end of the division).

III) We could protoplast fuse adult somatic cells (from where there are large collections like the skin and the gut) with stem cells that have stopped proliferating or replace micro inject adult DNA into stem that have stopped proliferating and have had their DNA
removed, and electrofuse/laserfuse/heat shock, the cytoplasm to fuse to the new DNA, perhaps the adult DNA is longer, thinner than the stem cells' own DNA which have been continuing to divide for some time (and therefore having inadequate inputs (in the necessary conditions eg. DNA
length and width) to provide for the process to naturally and properly complete into further stem cell proliferation via chromatid duplication... We might also try micro injection removal of cytoplasm from an egg (fertilized and/or fertilized), suck up the top pole and lower poles' cytoplasm separately and micro injection remove either and adult cell (somatic) and/or stem cells that have stopped proliferating - most of its cytoplasm, leaving the DNA
intact then reinjecting the cytoplasm from the egg into the top and the lower pole of the cells that are no longer proliferating until the cytoplasm has reached its threshold volume to genome ration.

Another option is to take stem cells that have stopped proliferating and inject trying both top and bottom cytoplasm injection (where the cytoplasm comes form any source -though we think the most reproductive cytoplasm come form the egg), to replenish the cytoplasm material in the proper distribution, so that the two new cells both contain the main organelles structures distributed evenly between the two, while micro injecting cytoplasm allows the cytoplasm to reach it volume to genome ratio.

We could microinject/electro fuse/laser fuse/heat shock human DNA into pigs and fast dividing bacteria and/or lamas emus. Or better yet First we tackle the ability of microbes (yeast) (especially the strong performing - measured by the durability of the cellulose) to breakdown (eg. cow's gut, that breaks down straw);
found in termites' and/or cow's and/or lamb's and/or goats' and any and all digestive systems that are good at breaking down cellulose guts.

Second, we mix these corn (biocrops) and possibly supplements of vitamins and necessary nutrients not found in the bio crops that are important to the health and productivity as well as oxycyte or other artificial blood to deliver oxygen, nutrients and remove carbon dioxide and regulating PH and also regulating temperature - possibly by cycles of the microbes to produce butanol. We take the microbes that survive the butanol toxins (given this proven track record - the secret is to isolate and breed microbes that 1. survive butanol toxins and 2.
are the most productive in turning bio crops into biofuel; both in time (how fast), and ration of inputs (costliness) to outputs. We can tissue culture the optimal microbes and/or inject their DNA into other microbes that are plentiful and prolific or non proven but easily available (removing the host cells' DNA in the case that these optimal microbes stop proliferating and then adding the proven DNA into unproven or more prolific or more plentiful host cells that have had their DNA removed). And/or we could protoplast fuse the cells with the best phenotypes (prolific, hardy - not requiring constant/difficult care including survival in butanol toxins, productive, efficient. Furthermore using the stem cells (tissue culture) stock of termite and/or cow gut microbes (are proven) to survive the butanol toxins, and are effective (productive) and hardy, we could identify the types of microbes and study their genes in comparison to the less successful genes to identify the type the genes that make the good microbes versus the unwanted microbes. As well the microbes that are more effective and productive, could be used to produce their enzymes, whether organically stimulated and/or harvested for their molecular make-up and artificial synthesis.

One option is to gather a good number of microbes from the termites' and/or cows' gut, then centrifuge the microbes, tissue culture and/or each cell into colonies (and/or stem cells if necessary; if can serve an advantageous purpose) then use a assembly line (eg.
electron) microscopic viewer (perhaps with thermal sensor - if we need to see inside the makeup of the cells, the content, organelles, shape, sizes to identify them) and Artificial Intelligence or computer that can pick out and identify differentiating microbe cells by running the tests below... 1) common reactions, 2) antibody tests, 3) DNA, PCR probes and primers.

A Brookhaven team has developed just such a technique, which they call "single point genome signature tagging." Using enzymes that recognize specific sequences in the genetic code, they chop the microbial genomes into small segments that contain identifier genes common to all microbial species, plus enough unique genetic information to tell the microbes apart.

In one example, the scientists cut and splice pieces of DNA to produce "tags"
that contain 16 "letters" of genetic code somewhat "upstream" from the beginning of the gene that codes for a piece of the ribosome - the highly conserved "single point" reference gene.
By sequencing these tags and comparing the sequenced code with databases of known bacterial genomes, the Brookhaven team determined that this specific 16-letter region contains enough unique genetic information to successfully identify all community members down to the genus level, and most to the species level as well.

"Sequencing is expensive, so the shorter the section you can sequence and still get useful information, the better," van der Lelie said. "In fact, because these tags are so short, we 'glue' 10 to 30 of them together to sequence all at one time, making this a highly efficient, cost-effective technique."

For tag sequences that can't be matched to an already sequenced bacterial genome (of which there are only a couple hundred), the scientists can use the tag as a primer to sequence the entire attached ribosomal gene. This gene is about 1400 genetic-code-letters long, so this is a more time-consuming and expensive task. But since ribosomal genes have been sequenced and cataloged from more than 100,000 bacterial species, this "ribotyping"
technique makes use of a vast database for comparison.

Then test out the (strengths) effectiveness of each type of microbe and the specific enzymes that each microbe produces, and to artificially synthesize (duplicate) the enzyme in the laboratory - eg. by its molecular makeup and the catalyst conditions of the amino acids and their areas of linkages - maybe eventually synthesizing enzumes that are even more productive and hardier).

Another possibility is to take ant microbes from the termites' stomachs and try injecting their DNA into either cow's microbes found in their stomach and/or grow the ants microbes directly in the cow's stomach, (where removal of other microbes in the cow's stomach might be warranted to reduce competition for proliferation) and/or create a synthetic cow's stomach and/or grow under tissue culture (eg. fibroblasts... ). We could create artificial elements of the termite or and/or cows' stomachs, including pressure, PH, temperature...to breed the microbes Known micro-organisms such as bacteria, protozoa, and fungi enzyme feed supplements containing fungal cellulase produced by Trichoderma viride cellulase enzyme.

Using the same single point genome signature tagging technique, we could apply it to stem cells, we compare the genome of stem cells using enzymes that recognizes specific sequences in genetic code, then chop the stem cells' genes into small segments that contain identifier genes common to all close species (or of single individual to single type of stem cell to single stem cell) of the stem cells in question and compare stem cells' genes at their most proliferative and when they are no longer proliferative (but not yet specialized), and we chop off the genes that are common (eg. both activated and/or both deactivated) to both the two types of stem cells and focus on the genes that are active in one and inactive in the other.
We could also these techniques for any and all health solutions by 1) ruling out all segments of (genetic related) diseases (bacteria and/or viruses) and/or desired phenotype genetic traits (eg. tall height, intelligence...), by by using enzymes that recognize specific sequences of genetic code, then chop the genes into small segments that contain identifier genes common to all close species (or a single individual to another individual or even the same individual where one cell has cancer and the other does not) we chop off the genes that are common to both then we focus on the genes that are active in one and the same gene is inactive in the other Using enzymes that recognize specific sequences in the genetic code, they chop the microbial genomes into small segments that contain identifier genes common to all microbial species, plus enough unique genetic information to tell the microbes apart.

We could micro inject human DNA into pigs fertilized and/or unfertilized eggs (of which the host has had its DNA removed).

Tissue Culture Medium should include:
20 amino acids include Essential. Aarginine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine.

Non-Essential Alanine, Aspartic Acid, Citruiline, Cystine, Glutamic Acid, Glycine, Proline, Hydroxyproline, Serine, Tyrosine Vitamins A (vision, bone growth, epithelial growth), D (bone growth), E
(membrane structure, antioxidant, immune functions), K (blood clotting), B1 (carbohydrate and fat metabolism), B2 (energy metabolism and normal growth), Niacin (co-enzyme for energy metabolism) Major needed minerals are - Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, S, Cl (electrolytes and metabolism) Minor minerals - B, Co, Cr, F, Fe, Mn, SE, Si. . (co-enzymes and building blocks of proteins) We are also protoplast fusing corn to jatropha, to produce the phenotype of drought (low water consumption) resistant crop whose mass (eg corn may be more productive, eg input to levels of outputs) and also the husk and cellulose because of the jatropha may be more easily fermented We will also try protoplast and/or/also micro injection DNA
into DNA ovum cells that we tissue culture removed cells between the two plants above algae, coconuts, sugar cane, and palm oil We are looking at cloning corn and bio fuel plants involving callus, auxin, and cytokinin We are looking at cloning implanting coffee DNA (from the animals that eat selected coffee bean - connoisseurs) into vanilla or other aromatic and flavourful seeds (that are safe for human consumption) Included are Colchicum seed, Thistle seed, Cumin seed, Anis seed, Coriander seed, Poppy seed, Pepper seed, Thyme seed, Species Coffea arabica -Arabica Coffee Coffea benghalensis -Bengal coffee Coffea canephora - Robusta coffee Coffea congensis - Congo coffee Coffea dewevrei -Excelsa coffee Coffea excelsa -Liberian coffee Coffea gallienii Coffea bonnieri Coffea mogeneti Coffea liberica -Liberian coffee Coffea stenophylla -Sierra Leonian coffee Types of beans .cndot. Vicia ~ Faba or broad bean Vica faba or broad beans, known in the US as fava beans .cndot. Vigna ~ Aconitifolia or Moth bean ~ Angularis or azuki bean ~ mungo or urad bean ~ radiata or mung bean ~ umbellatta or rice bean ~ unguiculata or cowpea (includes the black-eyed pea, yardlong bean and others) .cndot. Cicer ~ arietinum or chickpea .cndot. Pisum ~ sativum or pea .cndot. Lathyrus .cndot. Lathyrus sativus (Indian pea) .cndot. Lathyrus tuberosus (Tuberous pea) .cndot. Lens ~ culinaris or lentil Lentils .cndot. Lablab ~ purpureus or hyacinth bean ~ Phaseolus ~ acutifolius or tepary bean ~ coccineus or runner bean ~ lunatus or lima bean ~ vulgaris or common bean (includes the pinto bean, kidney bean and many others) .cndot. Glycine ~ max or soybean .cndot. Psophocarpus ~ tetragonolobus or winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (winged bean) .cndot. Cajanus ~ cajan or pigeon pea .cndot. Stizolobium ~ spp or velvet bean .cndot. Cyamopsis ~ tetragonoloba or guar .cndot. Canavalia ~ ensiformis or jack bean ~ gladiata or sword bean .cndot. Macrotyloma ~ M. uniflorum or horse gram .cndot. Lupinus or Lupin ~ L. mutabilis or tarwi .cndot. Ervthrina ~ E. herbacea or Coral bean We could use different sound vibrations to stimulate responses for any and all living organisms. The sound can be pulsed in micro and macro rthyhm/cyclical.

For example in the case of stem cell proliferation, if we could 1) record the vibrations made by the cells at their most proliferative - and healthy (eg. blastocyst) stage the replay when their proliferation has stopped, 2) trial and/or error of various sounds (eg.
woofer), genre of music, chanting.

Also the sound could be recorded from the human body (or neural; mind sound;
electrode receptors) when they overcome disease, and then replayed for patients who might benefit from these bodily vibrations and/or trial and error of various sound, genre of music, chanting;
these includes all disease such as cancer or even plaque on the teeth (less effective at corroding teeth and gums), if we could aim the sound at the area of infection, and disrupt the regulation of its processes (eg. proliferation and/or metabolism...), inhibit spreading and inhibiting serious harm (additionally to treat cancer we could inject enzymes into a retro virus that interacts with the cancer cells and wreaks havoc with the cancer cells within its cell membrane) We could record a colonies' sounds for desirable microbes (could some microbes be complementary in nature, requiring the active - eg. cell signalling, products of one microbe to make another microbe more effective) when they were healthy - without the stress of the butonal toxin.

Additionally, we could record the sound made either a fetus (growing limbs from the blastema and/or stem cells) and/or a salamanders' sound when regenerating its limb and/or trial and error of sounds to help amputees to grow new limbs (see below).

Perhaps humans could regrow limbs and organs by growing using a blastema (stem cells) with the Human HOX genes and pressure that is found in that area of the body as well as cell signalling, with new doses of stem cells to be added as the stem cells migrate and form the different stages of embryonic development of the limb and/or organ.

The other option is to inject the stem cells together with activated HOX genes regularly (perhaps by Intra Venous drip GP; GV) and in time before scarring even use topical and/or abrasive dermal removal of scar tissue, even shave of the overgrown tissue in preparation for the mixture of stem cells with activated HOX gene to create a human blastema as well as cell signalling. The stem cells with activated HOX genes can be added directly to the (eg.
removed area - limb) as the progress of migration and distal tip, stage by stage embryogenesis converts and/or causes the stem cells to produce the limb/organs that is just in time method, so there is no excess or not enough stem cells with the activated HOX genes to cause unwanted growth or in the case of not enough administration scar tissue may form or the regeneration may be instructed to stop due to lack of stem cells with activated HOX
genes by whatever the body's recognition is, ...and also where the best place to administer the concoction, and amounts...

Furthermore through any and/or all gene therapies we could activate the HOX
genes in stem cells to further proliferate them.

Humans generally contain homeobox genes in four clusters:

There is also a "distal-less homeobox" family: DLX1, DLX2, DLX3, DLX4, DLX, and DLX6.

"HESX homeobox 1" is also known as HESX1.

Short stature homeobox gene is also known as SHOX.

Tissue culture stem cells in direct contact with BMEC monolayers, or physically separated by microporous membrane. In unstimulated condition BMEC monolayers constitutively produce interleukin-6, Kit- ligand, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Microbes from a pig's stomach and/or a vulture's stomach (that can survive, thrive even in such a rotten toxic environment) for their enzymes to process organic, restaurant waste, rotten organic garbage, offal, (especially manures and sewage) and compost as well. Some areas to start with include; Actinomyces bovis, Lactobacillus cellobiosus, Micrococcus luteus, Neisseria sicca, Clostridium bifermentans, Enterobacter agglomerans, Peptostreptococcus sp., Sarcina sp., Serratia odorifera, and Shigella flexneri Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We could also test these microbes with cellulose and producing butonal or any and all biofuels. We could also test the effectiveness of termite and cow gut microbes in processing organic wastes (eg. eg. sewage and manures). We could combine the rotten toxic waste microbes of vultures and swine with the cellulose enzyme break down of cows and termite microbes and apply to both manure and cellulose digestion. We could protoplast fuse such as Bio Flip Chip (BFC), a microfabricated polymer chip containing thousands of microwells that align together two types of microbes (selected based on ideal phenotype criteria, such as vulture's gut microbes hardiness to toxins and termite's voracious ability to break down even wood).

We are testing the use of .beta.-glucanase and pentosanases mixed to degrade the .beta.-glucans and pentosans (complex carbohydrates that interfere with digestibility of other nutrients), in grains (especially corn)...

We are testing phytase for it's enzyme that cleaves the ortho-phosphate groups from phytic acid (phytate), the major source of phosphorus in cereal grains and oilseed meals (and/or all bio fuel crops, eg. corn, and/or organic wastes..including wood waste).

probiotics,"
Some enzymes we will test specifically in the molecular design of cellulases, hemicellulases, and proteases of a form (related and/or mutated) that come from microbes that are the best performing (see the criteria above).

We will also lower the PH. . I believe to be conducive for good microbes to flourish.

Citric acid, fumaric acid, or formic acid are used in digestion; probably by helping the good bacteria thrive.

Inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid and, in some instances, hydrochloric acid, also have been found to help digestion.

We are experimenting SCFAs with saccharolytic fermentation which involves acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid. Gases as well as organic acids like lactic acid are also produced by saccahrolytic fermentation. Acetic acid is used by muscle, propionic acid helps the liver produce ATP, and butyric acid provides energy to gut cells and may prevent cancer (University of Glasgow. 2005, Gibson RG. 2004, Beaugerie L and Petit JC.
2004).

We are already tissuing culturing cells (microbes) in:

We then set up the medium we are considering several alternatives or combination (even all together).

(Passaging of cells are used to further proliferate stem cells) Accutase (Innovative Cell Technologies Inc., distributed by PAA) and triturated approximately 10 times using a pipette.
Then, the cell suspension was incubated. Dissociated cells were centrifuged at 120 rcf and resuspended. An aliquot was counted by trypan blue exclusion assay in a hemocytometer to determine the amount of viable cells. Cells (105) were plated in T75 culture flasks for long-term passaging (culture medium (coated with fibronectin/lanmine) per flask).
All media contained 1-glutamine, penicillin/streptomycin, heparin (Sigma), bFGF (R&D
Systems), and EGF (R&D Systems). A total of 104 cells per well were seeded in 12-well plates in a volume of 1 ml and grown under standard conditions. After a few days the grown stem cells were counted and dissociated by Accutase, and viable cells were counted by trypan blue exclusion assay in a hemocytometer.

One of the problem we foresee, after identyfing then producing the microbes enzymes easily, in large amounts and cheaply is that corn husks and leaves is fiberous so it is harder to digest, stretching the time needed to digest, these microbes may go hungry and start to starve if they aren't getting enough nutrients over the time it takes to digest the fiberous cellulose - if this is the case we may have to mix in carbohydrates and other nutrients found in the cell culture medium above.

Treatment Options - Treatment Information During treatment for intestinal yeast and/or bacterial overgrowth it is essential that probiotic bacteria are consumed concurrently to restore the proper balance of organisms in the gut.
When you undergo anti-fungal and/or anti-bacterial therapy when the pathogenic organisms are killed off space within the intestines and along the intestinal wall becomes available for colonization by other organisms. Taking probiotic supplements enhances the chances of these new colonies being made up of beneficial bacteria rather than more pathogenic types Also of importance to sufferers of environmental illnesses is the fact that recent research has shown that the gut flora is directly linked to the development of allergies to both food and airborne allergens and that improving gut flora could potentially reduce the number and severity of allergies1,2.

At first the range of probiotic products on the market will likely seem overwhelming and you won't know whether you are getting a good product or not until you learn a little bit more about the subject. The information below will explain a bit about probiotic bacteria, otherwise known as'beneficial bacteria' or 'friendly bacteria', and provide some basic pointers on what to look for in a probiotic product.

Types of Probiotic Bacteria The most numerous arobiotic bacteria normally inhabiting the small intestine are species of Lactobacilli. In the colon the majority are mainly Bifidobacteria. Most probiotic products consist of one or more species of bacteria from one or both of these types.
Some products available mainly in europe may also contain certain beneficial species of E.coli but these are rare at this time.

Let's take a look at some of the most well researched probiotic bacteria and those found most commonly in probiotic supplements.

Lactobacillus Acidophilus By far the most well known species of probiotic bacteria is Lactobacillus acidophilus which has led many people to refer to probiotics simply as "acidophilus". This status is not without reason as the acidophilus species is the most prevalent in the human intestine and has been the most widely studied probiotic bacteria with research starting on L.acidophilus as long ago as 1925. The best researched single strain of acidophilus is probably the DDS-1 strain. This strain amongst other benefits has been shown to stimulate the immune system, (WE COULD USE THIS BACTERIA FOR HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AND OTHER IMMUNE
DEFFIENCY PROBLEMS ANYWHERE WHERE IMMUNE SYSTEM IS COMPROMISED) increasing levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and (WE COULD USE THIS
BACTERIA
KEEP STEM CEALLS FROM DIFFERENTIATING - WHERE ONE POSSIBLE THEORY IS
THAT IF THE STEM CELLS DON'T DIFFERENTIATE THEY WILL CONTINUE TO
PROLIFERATE AND ALSO TO BALANCE OUT THE DANGERS OF STEM CELLS
BECOMING TUMOURS) (WE COULD ALSO USE THIS BACTERIA MULTIPLE NEEDLE
MICRO INJECT AND/OR RETRO VIRUS IT INTO THE TUMOURS) (ANOTHER USE IS
TO TREAT THE DIFFERENTIATED STEM CELL BACTERIA BEFORE THE CELLS
ENTER THE BODY TO COUNTER ANY CANCER TENDENCIES) (FINALLY WE COULD
EITHER MULTIPLE MICRO INJECT AND/OR DELIVER VIA RETRO VIRUS FILLED WITH
THIS BACTERIA AT THE SAME TIME A CHEMOTHERAPY PERHAPS EVEN IN THE
SAME RETROVIRUS SHELL TO THE CANCER AREA) tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) which suppress cancerous tumour growth3. Other research has shown that L.acidophilus DDS-1 also alleviates lactose intolerance by producing significant amounts of the lactose digesting enzyme lactase, inhibits gastrointestinal pathogens by producing antimicrobial substances such as acidophilin and helps alleviate dermatitis and other skin conditions by altering gut flora amongst other things.

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a probiotic bacteria that has been receiving a growing amount of attention as a treatment for many illnesses in the form of the GG strain.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) now has a wealth of research backing its use, particularly for infectious and allergic conditions. A 2001 study reviewing information regarding probiotics and infectious diseases found that there is a large amount of data showing that Lactobacillus GG is an effective treatment for diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile infection4. Another study testing the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing allergic illness found that Lactobacillus GG given prenatally to mothers with at least 1 first-degree relative and postnatally for 6 months to their infants reduced the incidence of atopic eczema by half compared to controls5.

Lactobacillus Bulgaricus (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) This organism is slightly different to most probiotic bacteria in that it is a 'transient bacteria'.
It is referred to in this way because unlike most probiotic bacteria it doesn't adhere to the intestinal wall and form colonies, rather it simply passes through the digestive system and leaves the body in the stool. It has many beneficial effects as it passes through the digestive tract, however. These include enhancing the digestibility of milk products and other proteins and producing natural antibiotic substances that specifically target pathogenic bacteria whilst sparing friendly species. In this sense L.bulgaricus can be thought of as a helper to colonizing bacteria just as the immune system has T helper cells to support other immune cells. A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology showed that L.bulgaricus could suppress inflammatory immune reactions in the intestinal wall thus preventing tissue damage6. In another study a substance produced by (CAN BE USED DEFENSE AGAINST

PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS AND MIXED INTO THE MICROBES USED TO BREAK
DOWN BIOFUEL ORGANIC WASTE (EG. CORN HUSKS) AND SEWAGE AND OTHER
SUCH RELATEED ORGANIC WASTE - HOPEFULLY NOT ATTACKING THE MICROBES
WITH THE MOST WANTED PHENOTYPES, DOING MORE GOOD THAN HARM) L.bulgaricus was shown to stimulate activity in part of the gut immune system called the Peyer's patches which provide defense against pathogenic organisms within the gut7.

Lactobacillus Salivarius L.salivarius has been repeatedly shown to inhibit the bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) which is responsible for the creation of peptic ulcers8. H.pylori interferes with stomach acid production and/or produces a toxin that directly contributes to ulcer formation. The usual treatment involves taking antibiotics but H.pylori may become resistant to them and there are side effects of prolonged antibiotic use due to the eradication of beneficial bacteria along with the pathogenic bacteria. It has been discovered that L.salivarius produces large amounts of lactic acid that completely inhibits the growth of H.pylori and reduces the associated inflammatory response. The first bacteriocin (natural antibiotic substance) to be isolated and studied at the genetic level was taken from a strain of L.salivarius9.

Lactobacillus Plantarum This bacteria is the most prevalent species in most naturally fermented foods.
It has the ability to block receptor sites for gram negative bacteria and so is effective as an antibiotic.
It is an important player in (WE COULD USE THIS BACTERIA FOR ANY AND ALL

IMMUNE DEFIENCY PROBLEMS ANYWHERE WHERE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IS
COMPROMISED) antimicrobial defense and is effective against both extra and intracellular pathogens. L.plantarum is also capable of digesting (WE COULD USE THIS PRODUCT
TO
BREAK DOWN BIO FUEL CROPS WASTE AS WELL AS WOOD WASTES) semi-digestible fibres such as those found in onions, garlic, wheat, oats, rye and yeast. It may therefore help with digestive problems like gas and bloating. Recent research has shown that L.plantarum has the ability to break down bile acids and lower cholesterol10 and is extremely resistant to stress conditions including high temperature and (ESPECIALLY
GOOD FOR BUTANOL PRODUCTION) concentrations of ethanol, extremes of pH and the freeze drying process that would normally kill lactic acid bacteria11.

Lactobacillus Casei This species is commonly found in probiotic dairy foods such as 'live yoghurt', hence the name 'casei' which relates to the milk protein casein. It was reported in Microbiology and Immunology to have the most potent protective activity against the Listeria bacteria. Listeria is potentially lethal with about 30% of victims dying. It is most commonly transmitted through consumption of dairy products and raw vegetables. Like L.salivarius, L.casei, in the form of the shirota strain found in Yakult probiotic yoghurt drinks, has been shown to significantly inhibit the growth of the peptic ulcer causing bacteria H.pylori12. A
probiotic drink containing the shirota strain has also been shown to reduce the severity of constipation as evidenced by both patient response to questionnaires and physical examinations13.
Finally, a study with malnourished mice showed that L.casei (combined with FOS), when given along with a re-nutrition diet, enhanced the immune response and increased resistance to certain pathogenic bacteria in the digestive tract14.

Lactobacillus Sporogenes In a study at the G.B. Pant hospital in New Delhi, India, Lactobacillus sporogenes was able to lower cholesterol levels by 104 points. It produced a highly significant reduction in LDL
cholesterol ('bad cholesterol) levels and a small but significant increase in HDL cholesterol ('good cholesterol'). This study offers the prospect of using L.sporogenes as a side-effect free alternative to drug therapy in the treatment of high cholesterol and heart disease. In a multi-centre double-blind placebo controlled trial, L.sporogenes was found to be nearly twice as effective as placebo in reducing the number of episodes and duration of diarrhea following antibiotic treatment in children15. As well as being used to lower cholesterol, Alternative Medical Review reports that L.sporogenes has been used in the treatment of gut dysbiosis, vaginitis and aphthous stomatitis16.

Bifidobacteria Bifidum (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) This bacteria is one of the major constituents of the normal flora in the colon and is the most common Bifidobacteria species found in probiotic products. It is reportedly well tolerated, reduces the (inflammatory response (SEE INFLAMMATORY DISEASES BELOW) in the colon and (COULD BE USED WITH hiv/aids AND OTHER IMMUNE PROBLEMS WHERE
IMMUNE SYSTEM HAS BEEN COMPROMISED) stimulates the body's fluid immunity. A

study carried out at the Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, NY showed that B.bifidum can significantly reduce the intestinal concentration of endotoxin, which is made up of the cell walls of (WE COULD USE THIS BACTERIA ON STEM CELLS TO CLEAN
OFF THE THECELL WALLS SO THE STEM CELLS CONTINUE TO PROLIFERATE) (WE
COULD ALSO USE THIS PRODUCT TO CLEAN OFF SCARRING TISSUE) dead bacteria and is toxic if allowed to build up17. In another study B.bifidum of human origin was found to adhere well to the intestinal wall and significantly reduce the ability of pathogenic E.coli to do the same (WE COULD ALSO BE USED ON PATIENTS WHOSE CANCER IS IN
REMISSION TO CLEAN OUT THE REMAINING TOXICITY FROM THE REMAINING
CHEMOTHERAPY)18. Research carried out by the Yakult company who manufacture probiotic drinks showed that their patented strain of B.bifidum had significant (WE COULD
USE THIS PRODUCT IN THE MEDIUM AND/OR MICRO INJECT INTO THE CELL
ESPECIALLY THE NUCLEUS TO TRY TO KEEP STEM CELLS PROLIFERATING) anti-oxidant action and was able to protect the intestinal lining from lipid peroxidation in iron overloaded mice19.

Bifidobacteria Longum (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) B.longum is another species of Bifidobacteria commonly found in probiotic products. It is reportedly able to eliminate the (CAN BE USED TO CLEAN OUT NITRATES FROM THE
WATER TABLE NEAR FARMS) nitrates commonly found in foods ingested by humans.
Levels of nitrate commonly ingested by humans are unable to kill this species.
B.longum has been shown to inhibit the action of vero cytotoxin produced by some strains of E.coli which can cause hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans.
(WE ARE
LOOKING AT USING THIS BINDING TO TOXIN EFFECT FOR BINDING TO ANY AND
ALL TOXINS, POISONS...USEFUL IN SEWAGE TREATMENT). It achieves this by producing substances that bind to the vero cytotoxins20. B.longum has also been shown to have a protective effect against infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, possibly due to an anti-inflammatory action21 (SEE INFLAMMATORY DISEASES BELOW).

Bifidobacteria Infantis (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) B.infantis is known to have an inhibitory action on invasive pathogenic bacteria such as E.coli. Research has shown that it achieves this inhibition through more than one mechanism which explains why it is effective against a range of pathogens.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be caused by organisms called bacteroides which are a normal component of the gut flora. B.infantis has the ability to highly reduce the growth of bacteroides and also significantly inhibit the inflammatory response (see inflammatory diseases below) caused by them in the gut lining22. Other research using formulations containing B.infantis has found it to useful for treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and diarrhea. Of all the strains of bacteria in the formulation B.infantis was found be one of the species that had colonized the intestines of patients to the highest degree23.

Streptococcus Thermophilus Like L.casei, this bacteria has been shown to (COULD STEMS STOP IN THEIR
PROLIFERATION BECAUSE THEY HAVE BEGUN TO ATROPHY - IF YES THEN
PERHAPS THIS BACTERIA MAY WORK TO AID FURTHER STEM CELL
PROLIFERATION) aid recovery from malnutrition due to short-term fasting and reduce the associated intestinal atrophy in animal studies24. S.thermophilus is also known to have powerful antioxidant activity, protecting the body from dangerous free radicals which increase in the body due to aging, stress, sugar, antibiotics and other chemicals and toxins It has also been shown to have (WE ALSO THEORIZE THAT PERHAPS THIS
BACTERIA'S ABILITY TO FIGHT CANCER OF WHICH WE ARE CLAIMING ITS USE FOR
ALL CANCERS, ADDITIONALLY WE WILL TRY TO USE THIS BACTERIA TO CAUSE
CELLS FROM DIFFERENTIATING INTO CANCER CELLS USING THIS MECHANISM TO
PREVENT STEM CELLS FROM DIFFERENTIATING LEAVING PLURIPOTENT AND
FURTHERMORE ABLE TO CONTINUE TO PROLIFERATE) (ANOTHER USE IS TO
TREAT THE DIFFERENTIATED STEM CELL PRODUCT BEFORE THE CELLS ENTER
THE BODY TO COUNTER ANY CANCER TENDENCIES) (FINALLY WE COULD EITHER
MULTIPLE MICRO INJECT AND/OR DELIVER VIA RETRO VIRUS FILLED WITH THIS
BACTERIA AT THE SAME TIME A CHEMOTHERAPY PERHAPS EVEN IN THE SAME
RETROVIRUS SHELL TO THE CANCER AREA) anti-tumour activity which is especially effective against colon cancer cells.

Homeostatic Soil Organisms (HSO's) In recent y ears a different sort of probiotics have become available known as homeostatic soil organisms. These are organisms that live naturally in the soil and used to be ingested regularly by humans before intensive farming methods removed them from the food supply.
Most of the organisms found in HSO supplements are transient bacteria meaning they don't colonize the intestines but pass through, providing a number of benefits to us as they do so.
Some of these benefits include aggressively killing pathogens, producing specific antigens that act to stimulate the immune system, create superoxide dismutase (SOD) a powerful antioxidant enzyme and help the body to metabolize proteins and eliminate toxins. Some of the benefits over traditional probiotic supplements that HSO's are said to have are there superior ability to survive stomach acid, ability to survive in any intestinal pH and their powerful ability to fight off infections in the GI tract. Many doctors and patients have reportedly had very good results using HSO's but as yet there is little good scientific research regarding their use.

Choosing a Probiotic Product Unfortunately choosing a probiotic supplement is not as simple as just picking up the first bottle you find and assuming it will do the job. Some products contain bacteria that are not even known to be normal inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract and the bacteria in many have not undergone any testing with regards to their ability to colonize once they reach the intestines. There are a number of factors that will determine the effectiveness of a certain bacteria as a probiotic. Some of these are:

.cndot. Ability to survive the manufacturing process.
.cndot. Ability to survive heat, light, moisture etc during the time from packaging to use.
.cndot. Ability to survive stomach acid .cndot. Ability to attach to the intestinal wall .cndot. Ability to fend off other organisms, survive in the current intestinal environment and successfully colonize.

As you can see, the fragile probiotic bacteria have a lot to deal with if they are to eventually colonize your intestines. It would be naive to assume that every species and strain of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria would be equally effective as probiotics. As a result it is best to research a product before you buy. Look out for the species of bacteria covered on this page but if you see a species that isn't covered listed on a supplement bottle then do some research on that bacteria online yourself to make sure it will be effective.
As a rule it is best to look for products that state the specific strains of the bacteria they contain such as L.acidophilus DDS-1 and L.rhamnosus GG, where the DDS-1 and GG respectively are the strains. You can then look for research carried out with that particular strain to assess its effectiveness. The best place online to look for scientific research on probiotic bacteria, or any subject, is the PubMed database which can be found here.

Also of importance is the ability of a products packaging to protect the bacteria from environmental factors such as light, heat, moisture and oxygen. Dark coloured glass bottles protect well from light and heat. Some products use rubber caps under the screw top of the bottle, this offers added protection from oxygen and moisture by providing an airtight seal.
However the best protection is offered by products where each dose is individually packaged in a foil sachet. This avoids the situation with a bottle where all the capsules/tablets are exposed to the environment every time you take the top off. Also of importance is how the product is stored in the store. If a product says it needs to be refrigerated, make sure this is the case in the store.

Following these guidelines should increase your chances of purchasing an effective probiotic supplement.

Prebiotics Where probiotics are the beneficial bacteria found in the intestines 'prebiotics' are special indigestible carbohydrates known as oligosaccharides that feed probiotic bacteria and encourage their growth. Oligosaccharides are found naturally in certain fruit and vegetables, including bananas, asparagus, garlic, wheat, tomatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, onions and chicory. Because of the ability of prebiotics to encourage the growth of beneficial bacteria it is worth considering a supplement when there is a need to improve the gut flora. Prebiotics can be taken on their own or with a probiotic supplement. They have an advantage over probiotic supplements in that there is no concern about oligosaccharides being destroyed while in storage or en route to the intestines through the stomach acid and digestive enzymes.

The most common types of prebiotics available in supplements are fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin and galactooligosaccharides. As well as, or perhaps due to, encouraging the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, prebiotics have been shown to have a number of other benefits.

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) FOS has been shown in one study in mice to increase intestinal Riga, the body's first line of defense against invaders25. In another study using pigs, FOS was shown to increase butyrate concentrations in the large intestine26. Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid (SCFA) that helps to maintain the health of the colon.

Inulin German research has shown that inulin is effective in improving the composition of the gut flora and reducing the severity of colitis symptoms when tested in rats27. In a study assessing the role of common foods in improving intestinal health cheese which contains inulin was found to have a beneficial effect, reducing bacteria and chance of infection 28.

Galactooligosaccharides In animal studies galactooligosaccharides have shown very promising results increasing populations of both lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and increasing beneficial short chain fatty acids29. A mixture of galacto and fructooligosaccharides added to standard infant formulas has has also been shown to increase both lactobacilli and bifidobacteria species in human infants30.

Probiotics and Prebiotics and be applied to:

Bifidobacteria Bifidum (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) Bifidobacteria Longum (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) Bifidobacteria Infantis (Galactooligosaccharides PREBIOTICS FACILITATES THIS
PROBIOTIC) Diseases where anti inflammatory:

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Interstitial Cystitis (IC) Fibromyalgia (FM) Autonomic nervous dysfunction (AND neural-mediated hypotension);
Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG) Chronic Fatigue (CF) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS).
Chronic hepatitis Systemic lupus erythematosus Arthritis Thyroidosis Scleroderma Diabetes mellitus Graves' disease Beschet's disease and Graft versus host disease (graft rejection).
Chronic inflammatory pathologies such as aneurysms Hemorrhoids Sarcoidosis Chronic inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease and vascular inflammatory pathologies Disseminated intravascular coagulation Atherosclerosis Kawasaki's pathology Coronary artery disease Hypertension Stroke Asthma Chronic hepatitis Multiple sclerosis Peripheral neuropathy Chronic or recurrent sore throat Laryngitis Tracheobronchitis Chronic vascular headaches (including migraines Cluster headaches and tension headaches) and pneumonia Neurodegenerative diseases including Demyelinating diseasessuch as multiple sclerosis and acute transverse myelitis;
Extrapyramidal and cerebellar disorders such as lesions of the corticospinal system;
Disorders of the basal ganglia or cerebellar disorders;
Hyperkinetic movement disorders such as Huntington's Chorea and senile chorea;

Drug-induced movement disorders such as those induced by drugs which block CNS

dopamine receptors;
Hypokinetic movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease;
Progressive supranucleo palsy;
Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Disorders such as astructural lesions of the cerebellum;
Spinocerebellar degenerations (spinal ataxia) Friedreich's ataxia Cerebellar cortical degenerations Multiple systems degenerations (MencelDejerine-Thomas Shi-Drager and Machado Joseph)); and systemic disorders (Refsum's disease Abetalipoprotemia, ataxia telangiectasia and mitochondrial multi-system disorder);
Demyelinating core disorders such as:
Multiple sclerosis Acute transverse myelitis;
Disorders of the motor unit such as neurogenic muscular atrophies (anterior horn cell degeneration) such as Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Infantile spinal muscular atrophy and juvenile spinal muscular atrophy);
Alzheimer's disease;
Down's Syndrome in middle age;
Diffuse Lewy body disease; Senile Dementia of Lewy body type;
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome;
Chronic alcoholism;
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease;
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Hallerrorden-Spatz disease; and Dementia pugilistica Malignant pathologies involving tumors or other malignancies such as:
Leukemias (acute chronic myelocytic chronic lymphocytic and/or myelodyspastic syndrome);
Lymphomas (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas such as malignant lymphomas (Burkitt's lymphoma or Mycosis fungoides));
Carcinomas (such as colon carcinoma) and metastases thereof;
Cancer-related angiogenesis;
Infantile hemangiomas;
Alcohol-induced hepatitis.
Ocular neovascularization Psoriasis Duodenal ulcers Stem Cells Body Rejection:

Kupffer Cells, are the macrophages found in the sinusoidal lumen, attached to the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, transplants of the liver have shown donor Kupffer cells migrate to the the recipient lymph nodes recipient derived monocytes also have been known to replace the opposite way. Kupffer cells play a role in regulating T lymphocte (not only proliferation).
Furthermore in the case of liver transplants, I postulate that the stem cells that are and can be the precursor to Kupffer Cells, the Donor's DNA replaces the source stem cells for the Kupffer cells and thus regulation of the body's immune system, which produces the majority lymph in the body.

By destroying Kupffer cells in the Liver with intravenous application of liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate specifically hepatocytes and sinusoidal sites on the liver we observe the production of M-CSF and GM-CSF which regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of replacement Kupffer cells (and increase neutrophils and monocytes in response to the liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate application) the theory is that hematoietic stem cells proliferate during the process in which the Kupffer cells are depleting. These stem cells being macrophage (lymph cell version in the liver known as - Kupffer Cells) precursors were derived from bone-marrow-derived and intrahepatic proliferating population.
Regarding the increase in neutrophils and momocytes, as part of the outcome of the liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate application also, their proliferation in synchronicity it is believed that the residue of the destroyed macrophages with the application of liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate one theory is that leukocytosis is not performed due to the lack of Kupffer cells during the depletion of Kupffer cells stage of this experiment.
It is believed that the substances resulting from the deaths of the Kupffer cells might have stimulated the bone marrow to release leukocytes and myeloid.
Focal Hematopoiesis is caused by glucan (application) to produce M-CSF and GM-CSF
(together with IL-3), all of which help the number of Kupffer cells reproliferate to the body's replenishedment.
In Conclusion of this immune system phenomenon, the macrophage precursors (Kupffer cells) found after the application of liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate Were comprised not of intrahepatic repopulating cells, but more importantly also bone-marrow derived repopulating cells.
For the sake of immune system rejection inorgan transplant, could we seed either the liver or the bone marrow and/or both, with the organ donor's stem cells and differentiated into precursors of the immune cells (eg. lymphatic system cells...).
One way is to apply liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate to both (or separately to study the results) liver and the bone marrow (perhaps where the bones have the most precursor marrow type and apply at multiple sites possibly using intravenous) and then reseeding at multiple sites with stem cells (carrying the DNA cultured from the donor of the transplant organ) possibly mixed in layered for migration adherence to the liver and bone inner walls.
As substitutes for liposomeentrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate, we plan to use chemotherapy (GP 45%) or total body irradiation (GP 1%), cyclophosphamide with busulfan.
The novelty in our methods is that in addition to the organ (other than liver, although liver and bone marrow are probably always used together no matter what the transplant) transplant, we can grow a synthetic liver from outside the body, or grow graftable liver tissue that are the precursors, that proliferate into lymphatic cells when the immune system is stimulated.
Theses precursor tissue could be derived from the organ (always including the liver for liver diseases but applicable for other organ transplant) donors' stem sells. At the same time we repopulate the bone marrow's precursor cells to that that it would normally send to the liver to replace/repopulate with stem cells as well as cells that are precursors to immune system cells derived from the donor organ's stem cells. Bone marrow stem cells include hematopoietic stem cells, which can be extracted from the donor's bones and tissue cultured and other proliferation techniques. The secret is that by destroying the lymphatic cell populations in both the liver and the bone marrow, and then replacing (seeding) the pools of areas where the patient's original stem cells once belonged with the donor's of the transplant organ stem cells and/or precursor to the immune system's cells the patient will take on the judgement call of the Donor's DNA, and not reject the new transplanted organ.

FARMING
USING the Tea Manure Processing for sewage in poor countries we could 1) develop the cattle/swine/chicken/bio fuel crops (any and all) farms underground, then suck in the air from the rising breaths and flattulence and Tea Manure processsing plants where the manures are collected and concentrate the methane (the methane is separated from carbon dioxide via DDR zeolite membrane strengthened by porous substrate such as titanium (possibly ceramic - especially if the methan is burnt nearby) and/or carbon nano particles/tubes/fibers possibly mixed with layers of clay, and/or combination of all mixed or in layers and/or additionally we could build TALL GRAVITY TO ELECTRICITY INVENTION surrounding the (Anyand all) farms mixed with solar panels and wind farms above ground and/or underground.
We can also use my mirrors to boiler (to boil urine and therefore concentratithe nitrites in the urine) to energy and fresh water (from salt water and/or urine). We can use probiotics (mcirorganisms - eg. bokashi) and other advantageous microorganisms (probiotics; prebiotics).
See below for proper treatments for Heavy Metal Detox (taken from the Internet).

The most common source of heavy metal toxicity is from dental amalgam fillings and other metal dental appliances. In 1989, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) declared that amalgams are a hazardous substance under the Superfund law. Scrap dental amalgam was declared a hazardous waste in 1988 by the EPA. Outside of your mouth it has to be: 1.
Stored in unbreakable, tightly sealed containers away from heat. 2. It is not to be touched. 3. Stored under liquid glycerine or photographic fixer solution. So, once it is taken out of the mouth it is toxic, but when it is placed in the teeth it is labeled "nontoxic." You can't throw it in the trash, bury it in the ground or put it in a landfill, but they say it's okay to put it in people's mouths. It sounds like truth decay! Lead, mercury and cadmium exert most of their toxicity by destroying important proteins, many of which are enzymes, hormones, or cell receptors. Mercury will attach to sulfur amino acid building blocks in proteins. The sulfur amino acids are methionine, cysteine, and taurine. Sulfur is present in all proteins.
Numerous enzymes require intact sulfur groups and many are inactivated by mercury.

Lead binds with the sulfur groups on proteins and inactivates them. Lead suppresses neuron clusters in the brain, hindering brain development in children by stunting the mapping of sensory nerves. One of the primary ways the body gets rid of metal compounds is through a pathway that goes from the liver into the bile where it is then transported to the small intestine and excreted in the feces. Inorganic mercury is complexed with glutathione in the bile, suggesting that glutathione status is a major consideration in the biliary secretion of mercury. This same pathway is affected by a mercury induced reduction of available taurine needed to produce bile acid (taurocholic acid). When the microflora of the intestine has been reduced through stress, poor diet, use of antibiotics and other drugs, fecal content of mercury is greatly reduced. Instead of being excreted in the feces, the mercury gets recirculated back to the liver. The person that is under stress, eating a poor diet, and/or taking antibiotics will tend to maintain a higher body burden of mercury derived from dietary sources--especially if they are eating diets high in fish.

Disposal of the body's burden of mercury is via the urine and feces, although minute amounts are detectable in expired air. Excretion via the liver occurs in bile and reabsorption of some of this mercury does take place. However, the kidney is equipped with an efficient, energy-dependant mechanism for disposing of metals such as mercury. Kidney tissue contains a thiol-rich protein called metallothionein; exposure to toxic metals triggers the production of this protein which binds tightly to the metal, retaining it in the kidney tissue in a relatively harmless form. As long as the kidney's capacity for production of metallothionein is not overwhelmed, mercury excretion can eventually balance intake, thereby limiting worsening of symptoms. However, acute high doses of mercury, or an increase in the chronic dose level can readily precipitate renal failure, one of the classic symptoms of mercury poisoning.

Detoxification systems such as metallothionein, cytochrome P-450, and bile are adversely affected by mercury. Metallothionein binds toxic metals in the body to prepare them for excretion. Mercury ties up this material so it cannot clear out other metals such as lead, cadmium, and aluminum.
Mercury from amalgam binds to -SH (sulfhydryl) groups, which are used in almost every enzymatic process in the body. Mercury therefore has the potential to disturb all metabolic processes.

A small proportion of total body mercury is excreted in various forms directly in the urine without being bound to protein. In low dose, steady state conditions, such as the dentist who has worked at a similar exposure level for years, the urinary output very accurately reflects the total body burden and this is why urine monitoring is so important.

The following is a list of nutrients that facilitate the removal of heavy metals.
Mega H-: The negative hydride ions in Mega H- alter the water consumed with the food and supplements in our diet, to have a lower surface tension and an increased conductivity. A low surface tension in the extra cellular fluids is also important in the removal of toxins from the cells and into lymph and venous blood for removal from the body. Tap water has a surface tension of approximately 73 dynes/cm. The water around our cells has a surface tension of approximately 45 dynes/cm. It is necessary, that the body reduces the surface tension of water we consume in order for nutrients to pass through cell walls, and for toxins to pass out of the cells.

Mega H- in water expedites this process. Glutathione: Contains cysteine, glycine and glutamic acid. The liver manufactures glutathione whenever extra cysteine is available. Blood glutathione levels change in direct proportion to the amount of cysteine is in the diet. One 50 milligram capsule or tablet, three times a day taken on an empty stomach. Individuals with insulin deficiency should not take glutathione.

Methionine: Methionine levels are a major determinant in the liver's concentration of sulphur-containing compounds, such as glutathione and cysteine. As methionine is the precursor for the manufacture of cysteine in the body, extra supplementation of this critical amino acid should increase available cysteine. Animal studies have shown that methionine protects rats from the toxic effects of lead and mercury. Chelating agents such as DMSA
(dimercapto succinic acid) and DMPS (dimercapto-propane sulfonic acid) bind to cysteine for excretion. L-cysteine bound to mercury (L-penicillamine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, DMSA and glutathione complexed with methylmercury) resembles the L-methionine molecule and can cross the blood brain barrier.
L-methionine inhibits the transport of these complexes into the brain.
Methionine increases the bioavailability of glutathione. Most of the cysteine required for the resynthesis of glutathione must originate from methionine and not from cysteine generated by the catabolism of glutathione. Patients taking only D-L-methionine increased mercury excretion in the urine by 60%
over the excretion rate before taking the methionine. Lead excretion was also increased. The L-form is rapidly metabolized by the liver and does not offer a sustained antioxidant level. Over half of the D-form is slowly metabolized by the same pathways as excess L, and acts identical to L as an antioxidant. The benefit of the D-L form of methionine is the D form provides sustained blood levels allowing he L-form to be converted to other sulfur antioxidants. Babies need 22 mg/Kg body weight of methionine on a daily basis while adults need 10 mg/Kg of body weight daily.

N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC): NAC forms L-cysteine, cystine, L-methionine, glutathione (GSH), and mixed di-sulfides. Stimulates the body to produce large amounts of cysteine and glutathione, thus greatly augmenting plasma and red blood cell content of both cysteine and glutathione;
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM): MSM, like fresh garlic, provides a bioavailable dietary source of sulfur. MSM exerts a direct beneficial effect in ameliorating a variety of allergic responsees and pain associated with systemic inflammatory disorders.

Milk Thistle (silymarin): Silymarin provides support and protection against liver toxins which can cause free-radical-mediated oxidative damage.
Silymarin is many times more potent in antioxidant activity than vitamin E.
In addition, it increases liver production of glutathione and protects red blood cell membranes against lipid peroxidation and hemolysis.
Chlorella: Is a food-like all purpose mild chelator of heavy metals; it is a specially processed green-algae type of food that is taken with meals and is quite tolerable and pleasant for many. But since chlorella is so easily contaminated, the manufacturer's quality control is important. Nature's Balance is a source of high quality chlorella that can be taken as a part of a person'd detox program. The detoxification capability of Chlorella is due to its unique cell wall and the material associated with it. The cell walls of Chlorella have been shown to have three layers of which the thicker middle layer contains cellulose microfibrils. Atkinson et al found a 14nm thick trilaminar layer outside the cell wall proper which was extremely resistant to breakage and thought to be composed of a polymerised carotene like material.....Laboratory studies showed that there were two active absorbing substances - sporopollenin (a naturally occurring carotene like polymer which is resistant to degradation) and the algae cell walls." Chlorella's ability to detoxify the body is very significant because of the large amount of chemicals we are exposed to in today's modern world. This ability to detoxify chemicals is also one of the important differences between Chlorella and other "green" products."

Cilantro: stimulates the body's release of mercury and other heavy metals from the brain and CNS into other tissue. This facilitates the ability to remove heavy metal from the body using other dietary protocols, such as Chorella and other chlorophyll containing herbs such as Nettles and Alfalfa.
These herbs aid in detoxifying by denaturing the toxins, protecting and restoring normal cellular functions while promoting elimination. The major constituents of the volatile oils are: myrcene (1.71%), d-linalool (52.26%), citronellol (4.64%), geraniol (9.29%), safrole (2.67%), aterpinyl acetate (1.07%) and geraniol acetate. A typical dose is orally 6-15 drops 1/2 hr.
before or 1 hr. after meals 2x/day. For 5 days. 2 day rest and continue. Or Apply 1/4 to 1/2 dropper on wrists, joints, or affected areas twice a day.
Vitamin B6: needed in the metabolic process that converts methionine to cysteine and then into glutathione. B6 is capable of reducing and controlling the swelling and pain associated with the routine tissue and bone trauma resulting from normal dental operative procedures. You can also use Pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P), the active form that B6 is converted to in the body. Vitamin B1: is capable of reducing pain that may be associated with routine dental operative procedures. B, is one of two vitamins containing sulfur, the other is Biotin.

Magnesium: Magnesium availablility is essential for the proper functinoing of our immune system as well as hundreds of enzyme systems critical to human health. Organically amino acid-bound ones are more easily absorbed and are less irritating to the gastrointestinal tract as well.
Activated charcoal: taken immediately with chlorella, 15 minutes before drilling/chunking out amalgam, will bind any swallowed mercury and also prevent recirculation in the liver.

Refrain from taking any supplements that contain iron and copper. Mercury amalgam removal alone does not put an end to the mercury poisoning. The mercury which leached from the fillings in the mouth is stored in cells throughout the body and continues to exert its damaging influence. It is not unusual to see patients who have had their amalgam fillings removed and replaced ten to fifteen years prior to testing still having elevated levels of mercury in the body. Once mercury toxicity has been demonstrated, by tests such as high electrogalvanism, high mercury vapor emissions, and/or high mercury body burden, mercury amalgam removal and replacement with alternate, non-toxic materials is the recommended step. Botanical substances to assist in removing the mercury include cilantro and chlorella which are particularly effective.

Sweating The skin is the body's largest detoxiification organs and sweating can help draw mercury from the body. Saunas are a useful adjunct to safe mercury removal because they induce copious sweating. Initiate sweating and increased circulation by exercising 20 minutes three times a day on a rebounder (mini trampoline). Immediately following the exercise, sit in a sauna or under infrared lights (infrared sauna) for up to 30 minutes, then take a cool shower. The temperature from a "low heat" sauna should be between 140 to 180 degrees F. in contrast to the 200 to 210 degree F. for a non-therapeutic standard sauna. The sauna may be followed by a plunge into a bath or under a shower whose temperature is 65 degrees F. Over a period of three to four days, increase your time in the sauna to a total of up to two hours, divided into 30-minute periods with a short cooling-off period in between. It's important to shower and towel dry because the removal of sweat prevents reabsorption of toxins. While doing the sauna program, consume adequate amounts of water to avoid dehydration. this is a minimum of two quarts before and after entering the sauna. Replace your electrolytes lost to perspiration with grape or prune juice and drink vegetable juices to replace calcium and magnesium lost through the skin.
Oral Metal Chelation NDF (Nanocolloidal Detox Factors) Based on the results of comparative 24 hour urine samples analyzed by an independent clinic and lab, a person can safely excrete up to 920% (9.2 times) more heavy metals per month taking NDF daily as compared to doing one DMPS intravenous injection per month. This greatly shortens the time required to achieve detoxification, an average toxic adult person requiring a maximum dose of 2 mis. twice a day for a period of about two months. NDF also removes other toxins from the system.
The predominant route of excretion is via the urine, thus accelerating the excretion rate of the mobilized metals as compared to the fecal route, decreasing the possibility of enzyme and leaky gut mediated resorption through the bowel, and decreasing the burden on the liver. The majority of the metals to be mobilized and eliminated per dose are quickly detectable in the first urination following the dose. Fecal Element studies show an average of 38.4% reduction in fecal metals following 5 days at maximum dosage while urine levels remain elevated. Individual pathways of elimination have been noted. Independent real time digital EEG studies show a beneficial effect on the electrical activity of the brain, specifically raises the heavy metal suppressed beta waves to normal levels (from within to 113 minutes post ingestion and lasting at least 4 hours) with a concurrent dramatic increase in the urinary excretion of heavy metals and patient reports of subjective improvement. This proves that no "healing crisis" is required during heavy metal detox while using NDF.

Ingredients:

2 milliliters (2 droppers full or 52 drops) contain:
50 mgs. - Nanocolloidal cell wall decimated Chlorella Pyrenoidosa .12 mis. - Nanocolloidal Cilantro mgs. - Nanocolloidal *PolyFlor 75 mgs/liter nanocolloidal Silica Grain neutral spirits 18% as a preservative *PolyFlor microorganisms include: 12 strains of lactobacillus (including casei, acidophilus, salivarius, bulgaricus, sporogones and plantarum), 3 strains bifidobacterium including longum and bifidum, streptococcus thermophilus, and b. laterosporus.

Why "Nanonize" the Ingredients?

Chlorella is known in mining to bind heavy metals to its cell wall. Yet many people have taken Chlorella with no benefit. The reasons are that all of the available chlorella is not really "cell wall broken" and that most of it is already contaminated with heavy metals. Most of the cell walls are in tact, but the individual diatoms are tightly clustered in groups of about 500 units each. This is very difficult to digest and may explain why some people get gastro intestinal distress when taking normal chlorella but not with NDF.
Nanocolloidal cell wall decimated chlorella has never been available so far!
In addition to binding to heavy metals, Chlorella has other beneficial effects, augmented by putting it through this process, including: increased elimination of toxins, growth hormone regulation, a powerful nutritive impact and protection from radiation.

Why does it work?

The following is essential to the understanding of this supplement: The ingredients are in a nanocolloidal form. There is at least a 500-fold increase in available surface area and a dramatically reduced particle size, thus rendering each ingredient more bioavailable and effective. That means the effective bioavailable dose is roughly one five hundredth of the dose required compared to using a dose of the original ingredient. This is why 50 milligrams of nanonized chlorella achieves what 25 grams of normal chlorella cannot. Most toxin-burdened people have compromised assimilation and utilization and can't benefit from macromolecules.
In the past, Chlorella was only known to mobilize a small amount of heavy metals via the bowel. In NDF, because it is nanonized, "molecular components digested off the nano particles can be absorbed across the GI
wall into the bloodstream and have a possibility to enter the brain depending on the molecule" - a possible explanation of why it can facilitate elimination via the urine.
PolyFlor contains fulvic acid. This could be the underlying reason why healthy bowel flora is so vital to good health. However, just taking a flora supplement will not provide heavy metal detox of the same magnitude as NDF (www.fulvic.com).
The major health benefits of both live and cell wall broken beneficial bacteria are described by recent clinical research in The Handbook of Probiotics. Lee, Nomoto, Salminen, and Gorbach. Pub. Wiley & Sons, Inc.
'99. Unfortunately, once the amalgams are put into the teeth, or the toxic body burden becomes too great, or if a person only consumes processed and pesticide grown foods, these powerful allies no longer stand a chance of sharing their healing benefits with us.

Duration of Therapy So far, only how much metal is being excreted can be measured, not the total body burden, so it is impossible to exactly predict the duration or cost of therapy. We do know that there is a linear relationship between the volume of the dose and the amount of excreted metals. Therefore, the more they can take, the quicker the detox will be. However, it is preferable to maintain the dose at the level that the patient continuously reports subjective improvement as a "healing crisis" is not required to effectively remove the heavy metals with NDF.

Cost Effectiveness / Compared to DMPS

It was recently determined by an independent, comparative 24-hour urine tests conducted by Dr. J. Wright via Doctors Data that a single, 2-dropper dose of NDF pulled out 20% as much metals as an IV dose of DMPS on the same patient. Since NDF can be taken daily, and DMPS only once a month (per the protocol presented by Drs. Klinghart and Mercola), this means that up to 920% (9.2 times) more metal can be excreted per month using 2 droppers of NDF twice a day (maximum dose) without the side effects and mineral deficiencies associated with DMPS. Since there is a linear relationship between amount of the dose and percentage increase in excreted metals, 6 drops twice a day would take out about 107%, or roughly the same amount of metals per month as DMPS, making NDF very cost effective, especially when you consider that very little additional supplementation is required while using NDF. Suggested retail is now $150 for a one-month supply, equal to the cost and efficiency of one DMPS IV
push.

Rectal Chelation New Delivery Method for Chelation Therapy The newest, easiest, most convenient and efficacious technique for detoxifying heavy metals out of the body is by means of rectal chelation therapy. The method is to self-apply Detoxamin, a patented, trademarked and registered over-the-counter suppository. People exhibiting toxic metal burdens now are able to chelate themselves while sleeping by use of this non-prescription chelator. Merely insert the firm gelatin pill into the rectum, go to sleep, and awake in the morning partially detoxified. Repeat the procedure until testing show that there is no more metal poison remaining in the body. With this suppository method, the main obstacle to intravenous EDTA chelation therapy has been eliminated. Rather than spending three or more hours per infusion session in a clinic, hooked to an IV, you may take less than a minute to insert the Detoxamin suppository at home before bedtime. Since many people cringe at the thought of getting stuck with a needle for twenty or more such IV treatments, use of a suppository eliminates this psychologically stressful and time-consuming obstacle.
Rectal administration is less invasive, in no way uncomfortable, and generally greatly preferred over IV treatments.
Taking 3-5 suppositories over a 30-day period. This is medically equal to approximately 2-EDTA IV treatments. When on Detoxamin maintenance one box of Detoxamin lasts 6 to 10 months. Taken every night for 90 days or every other night for 180 days provides the medical equivalence of approximately 30 IV Chelation treatments.
Rectal chelation therapy does the job of detoxifying in a low-cost way to effuse EDTA through the bowel's walls and into your blood stream to clean toxic metals from all body cells. Detoxamin has a time-release mechanism that allows the EDTA to absorb through the colon wall over an eighty-minute period while you sleep. Almost all the blood from the rectum makes its way to the superior hemorrhoidal veins, a tributary of the portal system, so that absorption through the rectal wall carries the EDTA in Detoxamin to the portal vein.
The lower and middle hemorrhoidal veins bypass the liver-and do not undergo first pass metabolism. This means that the EDTA in Detoxamin goes directly to the organs of your body without being filtered through the liver first. Because of this, the EDTA contained in Detoxamin is very productive. Detoxamin also introduces EDTA directly into the systemic circulation, efficiently bypassing the portal circulation and the liver metabolism on the first pass. Rectal absorption may also occur through the lymphatic system and, in some cases, largely through the blood via the vena cava.
Detoxamin offers many advantages both over the expensive intravenous method of EDTA chelation. With the use of needles via the intravenous method, and risk of AIDS and other communicable blood-borne diseases, Detoxamin is becoming the logical choice over I.V. EDTA chelation and the poorly absorbed oral EDTA. The rectum has a more neutral pH and is not as acidic as the stomach, which makes this area much better for EDTA
absorption because it is not buffered and has a neutral pH, unlike the stomach. It also has very little enzymatic activity, thus enzymatic degradation does not occur. The rectal mucosa (rectum) is much more capable than the gastric mucosa (stomach) of tolerating various drug-related irritations. This is why patients who can't tolerate oral pain medication are given the same medication in suppository form. In fact, absorption with any oral EDTA tablet is so low that 135 (500mg) oral EDTA
tablets are equal to just 5 Detoxamin suppositories.
Detoxamin removes most harmful toxins from the body, safely and effectively. Detoxamin is taken at night prior to bedtime, each Detoxamin suppository contains 750mg of Calcium-disodium EDTA, and is made in a cocoa-butter base (melts on body contact), which is very therapeutic for the rectal mucosa and the colon wall. The Ca-sodium form is able to bond (chelate) effectively because it does not lower the blood pH to a level that would prohibit the bonding action. The Ca added to the salt is important in this mode of administration as it buffers the acidic quality of the active ingredient keeping the suppository from being abrasive to the mucous membrane of the rectum area. Ca-disodium EDTA has both a scientific justification for therapeutic effectiveness as well as a clinical history of effectiveness.
The Calcium EDTA in Detoxamin has an extra chemical bond compared to the older Disodium EDTA. This gives Detoxamin EDTA an affinity for Mercury. Mercury is also excreted from the body through the feces and, because Detoxamin utilizes the colon wall for EDTA assimilation; it is a powerful Mercury chelator.
Metal Removing Nutrients Calcium & Vitamin C: Just as lead will displace calcium, calcium is an excellent nutrient to utilize for displacing mercury and lead. Utilizing a combination of minerals, such as magnesium and calcium, is even more effective in clearing metals from the body. Increasing vitamin C intake is a reasonable cost-effective way to control toxic metal levels in the population.

Several studies implicate lead in causing cavities, and at least one study suggests that almost 3 million cavities in children result from lead. Vitamin C and Calcium supplementation are recommended for protection.
Chlorophyll: chlorophyll binds to heavy metals very well. In fact, it is imperative to choose a reputable source for your chlorophyll, which screens for toxins and heavy metals; or you may be getting more than you want. A
good source is juiced raw, organic greens.
Fiber: Fiber, such as oat bran and apple pectin, will bind to metals and help draw them out of the body. Montmorillinite clay also binds extremely well to toxins and metals for clearance. Fiber such as red beet root fiber is high in proanthocyanidins and antioxidants and facilitates clearance of metals through the liver.
Lipoic Acid: Lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant and has a high affinity for binding to metals. This makes it an excellent choice as a supplement to bind and clear mercury and lead from the system. It is best utilized in combination with conjugating nutrients.
Minerals: A mineral-rich diet acts as a chelating agent. Many minerals will chelate metals, including calcium, magnesium, zinc and selenium. Mercury interferes with some functions of selenium, including its powerful antioxidant function and its ability to bind to metals. A good source of bioavailable minerals is from raw sea vegetables and grass juices from wheat, barley, alfalfa, kamut, etc.
Milk Thistle (silybum marianum): Milk thistle is a renowned liver herb, and supports this major detoxification organ. Milk thistle contains silymarin, a bioflavonoid that is a very potent remedy for the liver. Silymarin inhibits free radical damage; free radicals have an adverse effect on the detoxification enzymes of the liver cytochrome P450 system, while silymarin protects those enzymes. Glutathione is destroyed by lead. Silymarin not only prevents the depletion of GSH (glutathione), it even increased this liver-detoxifying enzyme. A sulfur pathway in the liver detoxes lead, and milk thistle helps to boost liver function.
Molybdenum: Large amounts of exogenous sulfur (from outside the body) will usurp the body's stores of molybdenum to metabolize it. An easier solution is to use the nutrients which will facilitate the homocysteine pathway. Homocysteine is a toxic substance, however the pathway itself, when properly supported, is essential for a host of metabolic functions.
When the pathway is facilitated, sulfur is generated as a natural by-product at the end (molybdenum changes the toxic sulfite molecule to the much-needed sulfate). Vitamins B12, B6 and folic acid, along with trimethylglycine and dimethylglycine recycle homocysteine to methionine, and allow for Sam-e to methylate phosphatidylserine, an important brain nutrient. Usually the people who are the most deficient in sulfur will be the most sensitive to metal toxicity and vice versa.
Parotid Glandular: Parotid glandular is believed to accelerate the clearance of chemicals/heavy metals from tissues. It is best utilized in combination with detoxification nutrients that will pull the metals out of the body by detox pathways such as the bowel, kidney, lymph, lungs, blood, skin, and liver.
Sulfur: Lead, mercury and cadmium steal sulfur from important proteins, which could be enzymes, hormones, or cell receptors. Conversely, sulfur is needed in the liver detox pathway to hook onto these metals and clear them from the body. So, lead, mercury and cadmium depletes sulfur, the very nutrient needed to detox the metal overload. A depletion of sulfur will also adversely affect joint connective tissue growth, since sulfur is an essential precursor to the building blocks of cartilage, namely glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. Good sources are egg yolks, garlic, kelp, kale, turnip, raspberries, onions, cabbage, and mustard.
Zinc: Zinc and copper get displaced from metallothionine, the protein that binds and carries them. This destroys many of the zinc-dependent enzymes. Zinc is important for proper functioning in a host of major metabolic pathways; it is a component of over 90 metalloenzymes in the body. Lead has always been known as a neurotoxin, with the brain being particularly susceptible to attack. Lethargy is a common symptom of lead toxicity; lead inactivates the zinc-dependent enzymes of the Kreb's cycle, which produces our energy. Zinc is also a part of the antioxidant enzyme, Zn-SOD, which fights superoxide radicals. Symptoms of lead toxicity are similar to zinc deficiency symptoms because lead can bring on a zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency has been implicated in a wide variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including dyslexia, epilepsy, mental depression, and attention deficit disorder. The symptoms of lead toxicity are similar to zinc deficiency because the lead destroys the zinc-dependent enzymes.

Natural Healing Home Site Map Search this site Free Catalog Contact Us Dictionary About Us Products We are also working on 1) Isolating the most effective enzymes from ant's stomachs (also bis-peptides and other amino acids - eg. to fight disease...in gene therapy, and all genetic engineering, such as making stem cells proliferate longer, by altering their genes) and any and all simpler creations, 2) then duplicating their molecular structure using (atom) teleportation technology, 3) then eventually altering the pattern of the molecule feed stock to produce new molecules (designer), from enzymes to drugs for the pharmacuetical industries and new materials such as not just diamonds, but nano particles that are safe for human biology, more strong, more flexible, more dazzling, more sensitive sensors (eg. to sound vibrations), more heat resistant, any and all materials new qualities.

If we use a quantum computer/Artificial Intelligence Node Network job sharing/Huge Main Frame we may be able to mass assemble these duplicate produced via teleportation technology economically.

We are also considering mixing stem cells with specialized cells in tissue culture as well as separate and/or together in delivery/administering as well as grafting from for example tissue culture.

Converting stem cells to organ connective tissue using a scaffold whose dimensions are standard/default/similar in proportions for a person (possibly a donor dissected and detergent removed only connective tissue left) and then measuring the patient's actual dimensions (eg.
by PET, CAT scan, x-ray) (measuring the usual and important areas) of differences in size shape (eg. veins and artery and ventricle tissue).

We could also use to replace fat, lipo suction, then replaced with high metabolic cells and/or stem cells.

We could also use the stem cells and/or specialized cells for breast augmentation and penis (and/or using scaffolding to grow a new larger penis from stem cells) augmentation. Perhaps one way is for the penis augmentation to work is to study the specialized cells relative to thickness/diameter/shape of the penis. Where is the sensation nerve connections located in the cells, how much volume increasing cells are spread out where, dose the patient have the blood supply to support a fully erect penis. To test sensations, we could test on animals (eg.
rats), what type of specialized cells provide sensations (how much is muscle memory) can stem cells be used instead (directly) in the theory that the stem cells will move change into the specialized cells that surround it. Additionally can too much sensation cells cause pain, we can tell if the rats avoids errections (even under viagra) and/or ignores a female in heat (pheromones). Furthermore, with the new enlarged penis, can the can (and how can we make the) the blood flow increase if needed? Furthermore we could study pigs which are known to have 1/2 hour orgasms (are they male or female), their cellular make up -scaffolding, connective tissue, ability to remain erect, perhaps it's in the continuous supply of blood or their mind to nerve muscle memory or their internal plumbing such as larger supply of orgasmic fluid relative to pump rate, or perhaps it's their slow fat (slown down by fat tissue) metabolism and/or types of difference in nerve cells and/or brain activity during orgasm.
Perhaps we could use neural electrodes and/or mind sounds and/or direct muscle patch to simulate mimic brain activity during orgasm creating artificial orgasms with no end in time).
We might also mimic (using neural electrodes and/or mind sounds and/or direct muscle patch) for the brain activity that causes and maintains errection and for females faster sexual escalation to orgasm. The above might be the cures for any and all sexual dysfunctional diseases (eg. impotence, early/delayed ejaculation, as well as size and hardness, and frigidity). Another option for for example opposite sexed mates is 1. a touch sensitive artificial penis - changeable sizes - diameter and lengths (for men and for robots with emotional artificial intelligence) that is controlled via two way signals (to read the sensations in both the man and also the female are being felt as the penis and vagina interact...). We do this by using neural electrodes and/or mind sounds and/or direct muscle patch for men and robots to satisfy women as well as the man (via signals back to the man's brain/mind that mimic and/or duplicates the feeling of orgasm in the mind - we could even continue this feeling for both men and women all day long) himself at the same time. 2. for women, we could use the neural electrodes and/or mind sounds and/or muscle patches that induce and/or work in synchronicity to push (flood rhythm, sensations) the woman to orgasm and/or mimic the feeling of orgasm to the brain/mind all day long. We could create a muscle patch electrode(s) (as well as vibrating) that are attached the artificial penis that will stimulate the woman's g-spot and/or any and all sensations cause the woman to orgasm - in addition to regular foreplay. It is my hope that eventually people could induce orgasms artificially without dwelling on dirty thoughts or pornography. Or at least this invention will enhance the sex lives of people who are sexually dysfunctional. We could stem cells that are either differentiated into the specialized corpus cavernosal smooth muscle, the endothelium of the sinusoids, blood vessels and the smooth muscle cells in the penis that produce transmitters and modulators...all tissue cultured in the laboratory, then either 1) we (multiple micro) inject the differentiated cells in to the places that we want to bulk up, 2) we (multiple micro) inject stem cells directly into these specialized areas of the penis in the hope that the stem cells will migrate and differentiate into the localized cells via cell to cell signalling, 3) we can create a whole new larger and longer penis that can be grafted on the patient to replace the old one.
We think exercises and more arteries/and larger arteries capacity (eg. larger inside scaffold that the arterial cells grow around the hollow hole) and inversely the less and smaller inside hollow capacity of venous outflow, the better for a more erect rather than flaccid penis. To enhance conversion of stem cells to specialize into endothelial growth, we can use 1) mechanical forces, (fluid shear stress and cyclic stretch - pulse and perodicity) eg. gels that emulate the pressure conditions of the penis at erect and rest, 2) endothelial growth factor VEGF-C, EG-VEGF, Phospho-VGFR2 (Tyr1214), VEGF121,VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFD, VEGF-R1, VEGF-R1/Flt-1 (17a.aC term), VEGFR2(Ab-1214) Antibody, VEGF-R2/Flk-(188a.a C term), VEGFR2/KDR, VEGF-R3/Flt-4 (20a.a C term); TGF-B2, KIAA0101, CARP
and syntenin, CXCR-4, TGM-2, LIM-domain protein and claudin-5; we could also use these growth factors to increase proliferation of stem cells (VEGF-C) for proliferation, migration, through selective binding and phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase, growth factor receptors (eg.
kdr, flt-4 and flt-1). 3) Another way to morph the stem cells is to create a medium or serum derived from the specific cell type of large animal (fibroblasts), such as a cow, horse and/or pig for the final morphing stage of the corresponding to the same cell type/portion of penis on humans - the assumption is that the human stem cells will mature into the same cells as those surrounding it.

The idea of grafting may also be possible, but we would need to know the sensation implications in terms of pattern of nerve cells and their necessary connections to the original nerve network below. Grafting may make the sexual sensations numb if not embedded with the right pattern of nerves and furthermore rough sex may tear the graft.

We could also mix injections with grafting.

We could use micro multiple syringes to deliver (connective tissue (and/or stem cells) -which can be injected into spread out (together in conjunction with training) areas of the gut -to strengthen for example medicine bali training in boxing and/or iron shirt qi gong).

Fast twitch muscles and/or their progenitor stem cells using micro multiple injections could be used to deliver to strategic locations (areas) that correlate to shape/relative sizes or wanted body muscle proportions. The patient can exercise to make the muscles grow and perform.
This muscle augmentation can also be used for paralysed people in conjunction with stem cells and neural cells to the spine and the finger/palm therapy Gerard developed especially in cases where the muscles have deteriorated in size and strength.

Fast twitch muscles and/or their progenitor stem cells using micro multiple injections could be used to deliver to strategic locations (areas) that correlate to shape/relative sizes or wanted body muscle proportions. The patient can exercise to make the muscles grow and perform.

This muscle augmentation can also be used for paralysed people in conjunction with stem cells and neural cells to the spine and the finger/palm therapy Gerard developed especially in cases where the muscles have deteriorated in size and strength.

Additionally to create a cloned human being; we take a fertilized that has formed a blastocyst, remove the fertilized stem cells, inject an adult patient/desired stem cells (to take the place of the stem cells of the fertilized egg/sperm) that has come from tissue culture - eg.
earlier cloned stem cells (or try somatic adult stem cells - there is the caveat that somatic cells may not divide), then we attach the blastocyst to a female's uterus and grow the fetus to a cloned baby.

Additionally to create a cloned human being; we take a fertilized that has formed a blastocyst, remove the fertilized stem cells (via through the outside of the same site that the this inner cell mass (ICM) is attached to on the blastocyst - Trophectoderm outer blastocyst wall(TE)), we use the same site (by using the site where the ICM is stuck to the blastocyst TE we avoid tearing or implanting the stem cells into the wrong side (of the Mesoderm) that separates the inner cell mass from the blastocoel - fluid cavity) to inject an adult patient/desired stem cells (to take the place of the stem cells of the fertilized egg/sperm) that has come from tissue culture - eg. earlier cloned stem cells - possibly electro fusing, laser fusing and/or heat shock (or try somatic adult stem cells - there is the caveat that somatic cells may not divide), then we attach the blastocyst to a female's uterus and grow the fetus to a cloned baby. To make this work we may need create (stuff the new stem cells) enough to create the same pressure conditions as the previous fertilized egg stem cells separated by the mesoderm.

To collect single adult female stem cells for use in replacing stem cells in the blastocyst the following process can be used:

Stem Cells from female eggs can be obtained as follows:

1. Treat the eggs with oncogene c-Myc.

2. Hyper ovulate (use of fertility drugs)

3. Harvest eggs.

4. Mature them in CMRL-1066 media (Sigma), FCS (HyClone), pregnant mare serum (Sigma), human chrionic gonadotropin (Sigma), penicillin, streptomycin.

5. The eggs are incubated in CO2, inonomycin, then in 6-dimethyliaminopurine.

6. The stem cells are then removed and further media are similar to the media above (stem cell tissue culture - especially proliferation; since before we can treat patients we need sizable inventory of compatible stem cells first).

7. We could use electroshock, heat shock to get the stem cells to start dividing.

8. We could also use the above maturation cycle and incubation to proliferate stem cells produced by the traditional method (eg. Oocyte removed nucleus, micro;
laser; electro shock and replaced with somatic DNA).

9. Alternatively we could use primordial germ cells from an adult male and use the above maturation cycle and incubation to proliferate stem cells.

10. Another alternative is to use a batch of stem cells (from any of the above methods) that have stopped proliferating and either treat with the maturation cycle, then incubate to jump start the proliferation cycle again.

11. Or we could use a batch of stem cells (from any of the above methods) and microinject, laser electroshock the DNA from the stem cells (that have stopped proliferating) into a fresh Oocyte (with the nucleus removed).

12. We could also alternate between 10) and 11) or test which one is the most prolific and which one is best for maintaining the integrity of the DNA - from mutating or degenerating.

We might also use (perhaps electron/nano/quantum) video, microscopic thermal heat sensors to view the innards (internal bodies and fluids) within the cell.

We are also considering growth factors and gene therapy combinations of the following:
FGF-1 and FGF-2; and at least one of the following: VEGF, VEGFA, VEGFB, PLGF, VEGF121, VEGF145, VEGF165; VEGF189, VEGF206, FGF-1, FGF-2, including the following gene therapy is AD5(FGF4) or VEGF 165 plasmid DNA to extend stem cell proliferation.

We also suggest that if you cut the nerves to a salamander's arm the salamander may regrow an extra limb. Based on this theory we find that the salamander's nervous system senses that the limb is missing and regrow's the third limb.

Perhaps humans could regrow limbs and organs by growing using a blastema (stem cells) with the Human HOX genes and pressure that is found in that area of the body as well as cell signalling, with new doses of stem cells to be added as the stem cells migrate and form the different stages of embryonic development of the limb and/or organ.

The other option is to inject the stem cells together with activated HOX genes regularly (perhaps by Intra Venous drip GP; GV) and in time before scarring even use topical and/or abrasive dermal removal of scar tissue, even shave of the overgrown tissue in preparation for the mixture of stem cells with activated HOX gene to create a human blastema as well as cell signalling. The stem cells with activated HOX genes can be added directly to the (eg.
removed area - limb) as the progress of migration and distal tip, stage by stage embryogenesis converts and/or causes the stem cells to produce the limb/organs that is just in time method, so there is no excess or not enough stem cells with the activated HOX genes to cause unwanted growth or in the case of not enough administration scar tissue may form or the regeneration may be instructed to stop due to lack of stem cells with activated HOX
genes by whatever the body's recognition is, ... and also where the best place to administer the concoction, and amounts...

Furthermore through any and/or all gene therapies we could activate the HOX
genes in stem cells to further proliferate them.

We are considering injecting homeodomain proteins in serum mixed with/or separately, stem cells, (differentiated cells appropriate for that part of the body) eg.
dendrites, neural cells and neutrophins, into brain ill people (eg. parkinson's disease, paralysis - brain damage, alzheimer's, Mad Cow Disease...). Furthermore we could saw off part of the skull and add homeodomain proteins in serum mixed with/or separately, stem cells, (differentiated cells appropriate for that part of the body) eg. dendrites, neural cells and neutrophins (using previously artificially grown blood brain barrier tissue (and/or donor) -and/or blood brain barrier from a primate. We could fuse it to a pourous bone matrix that has blood and or artificial blood to exchange waste for nutrients needed and can be temporarily removed for cleaning - the purpose is to see what happens to the mental abilities of the subject.

This technologly of Homeodomain in the hope it will be absorbed by localized cells in conjunction with precusor stem cells and cells differentiated for that part of the body.

The first step is to study what and under what conditions (eg. pressure, salt concentrations) substances are facilitated from which side of the blood brain barriers to which side.

Humans generally contain homeobox genes in four clusters:
There is also a"distal-less homeobox" family: DLX1, DLX2, DLX3, DLX4, DLX, and DLX6.
"HESX homeobox 1" is also known as HESX1.
Short stature homeobox gene is also known as SHOX
3%

1%
3%
We are trying to revive dinosaurs' and extinct/or and nearly extinct species.
We plan to use the Hox genes in different ways.

We can add the hox genes (into the nuclear membrane and then either from micro inject and/or retro virus then electroshock, laser fuse, heat shock and fill their cytoplasm (GP 25%) and the hox and transcription factors with the building blocks at the ovum and/or zygote stage of development. And we could remove a fetus from an egg and mix the egg white of another egg with evenly spread hox building blocks (plus hox genes) and hox transcription factors then we could place the fetus in anther egg, with egg white mixed hox material and egg white even in an artificial shell matrix to incubate. We need to study whether hox should be introduced at ovum, zygote, or at fetal stage - before sometime during growth, as growth is slowing down and or when and/or after growth has stopped. We could of course study how the genes (activated versus inactivated, what is the sources of and which genes are at the top of the pecking order causing which other obviously essential genes (for continued growth into dinosaurs) to silence at the stage of fetal development where the fetus of a chicken diverge from the fetus of an alligator. What if any environmental (versus pre-past historical gene mutation programming coming evolution and natural selection) triggers signal these genes to activate, when is a an embryo of a chicken's teeth too large and what tells which genes in the chicken genome to recede the teeth ... Evolutionarily speaking it is possible that the stage of growth (eg. incubation stage) of the fetus determines at some stage in evolution oc the chicken species, mutated chickens fetuses that lose their teeth past a certain stage in the fetal development dominated (survived in their habitat) versus those that grew teeth beyond that point. So by using hox gene we expect to carry the chicken to continue teeth growth all the way to hatching (continuing the growth of its body parts through the stages that such body parts would in current evolutionary status of chickens to day to dinosaurs derived from the continued growth).

Alternatively and additionally we could protoplast fuse chickens, emus, ostriches, alligators and crocodiles.

Finally we could study chickens, emus and ostriches to see which genes are turned/turned off, activated/deactivated, silenced other than hox genes whereby chickens with teeth have certain gene drivers, that are changed from no teeth, which genes control/regulate and are if any also responsible for the suppression of dinosaur hatchlings.

To genetic engineer dinosaurs we use chickens, emus, ostriches, alligators and crocodiles.
The vertebrate homeotic complex comprises four distinct Hox gene clusters (Hox A, B, C, D) that are organized into thirteen homology (or paralogue) groups.

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