CA2604723A1 - Building block - Google Patents
Building block Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2604723A1 CA2604723A1 CA002604723A CA2604723A CA2604723A1 CA 2604723 A1 CA2604723 A1 CA 2604723A1 CA 002604723 A CA002604723 A CA 002604723A CA 2604723 A CA2604723 A CA 2604723A CA 2604723 A1 CA2604723 A1 CA 2604723A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- block
- building
- building block
- blocks
- circular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011489 building insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
- E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a building block for a building construction (50), where a number of building blocks put together form a wall or the like, comprising a rectangular, precast building block (10; 30; 40). The building block (10; 30; 40) comprises an outer surface layer (12, 14) on each side surface and an intermediate, insulating middle layer (16) from a corresponding material with a lower density than the surface layers (12, 14). The building block (10) comprises further at least one vertical channel (18, 20) arranged to receive at least one locking plug (60, 62) and/or reinforced- concrete. The invention also relates to a building construction, and also application of building blocks to make a building construction.
Description
Building block The present invention relates to a building block for a building construction, where a number of building blocks put together form a wall or the like, comprising a rectangular, precast building block, as the building block comprises an outer surface layer on each side and an intermediate, insulating middle layer of corresponding material with a lower density than the surface layers, and that the building block comprises at least one vertical channel arranged to receive at least one locking plug and/or reinforced concrete.
The present invention is a new product for construction of insulated outer walls, primarily for dwelling houses, but can, of course, also be used for industrial buildings and other building constructions. The product is specifically developed to simplify house building and reduce costs, but at the same time is qualitatively as good as any product on the market today.
There are a number of building blocks on the market today. These can be divided into some main categories: Concrete blocks, lightweight blocks, insulation blocks and hybrids. Pure concrete blocks are partially used as hollow stacking blocks. These can be stacked without mortar between them, thereafter reinforced concrete is filled into the hollow spaces. Walls built in this way are inaccurate in their form and are non-insulated. They are preferably used as supporting walls.
Lightweight blocks are laid in a traditional way with mortar, and are very popular as foundation wall material for dwelling houses and as walls in frame con-structions. LecaTM is a typical product in this category. Such blocks are also made as hybrids. LecaTM has such a product where a disc structure is made with the usual material on each parallel wall surface and with a core of polyurethane foam. This gives a 300 millimetre thick wall that is completely insulated with regard to the strictest Norwegian regulations. Such a solution is not used much, as much effort is required for the insulation in the mortar layers.
Pure insulation blocks are a product where one casts EPS blocks in a factory.
These can be stacked to a certain height and thereafter be filled with reinforced concrete. Thereafter it is necessary to polish both sides to achieve a firm wall.
These are also used relatively rarely. All these block types have their advan-tages and disadvantages. The aim of the invention is to develop a product that combines the best in all the other products.
The present invention is a new product for construction of insulated outer walls, primarily for dwelling houses, but can, of course, also be used for industrial buildings and other building constructions. The product is specifically developed to simplify house building and reduce costs, but at the same time is qualitatively as good as any product on the market today.
There are a number of building blocks on the market today. These can be divided into some main categories: Concrete blocks, lightweight blocks, insulation blocks and hybrids. Pure concrete blocks are partially used as hollow stacking blocks. These can be stacked without mortar between them, thereafter reinforced concrete is filled into the hollow spaces. Walls built in this way are inaccurate in their form and are non-insulated. They are preferably used as supporting walls.
Lightweight blocks are laid in a traditional way with mortar, and are very popular as foundation wall material for dwelling houses and as walls in frame con-structions. LecaTM is a typical product in this category. Such blocks are also made as hybrids. LecaTM has such a product where a disc structure is made with the usual material on each parallel wall surface and with a core of polyurethane foam. This gives a 300 millimetre thick wall that is completely insulated with regard to the strictest Norwegian regulations. Such a solution is not used much, as much effort is required for the insulation in the mortar layers.
Pure insulation blocks are a product where one casts EPS blocks in a factory.
These can be stacked to a certain height and thereafter be filled with reinforced concrete. Thereafter it is necessary to polish both sides to achieve a firm wall.
These are also used relatively rarely. All these block types have their advan-tages and disadvantages. The aim of the invention is to develop a product that combines the best in all the other products.
Primarily, there are four main aims behind the product which has been developed: simple and easy to lay, extremely even surfaces after laying, high insulation capacity and fire safe. It is a further aim to add secondary characteristics. The material shall also have good characteristics for insertion of screws, something that optimises for both nailing and screwing.
The wall will be horizontally open to diffusion, but the biocks can however be sealed with a silicone spray such that they are diffusion tight vertically. No other product in today's market seems to have this combination of characteristics.
It is a further long term aim to be able to build walls with the help of robots. The starting point will be a construction programme for all deliveries of the system according to the invention. The construction programme will be developed in parallel with the detailed development of the product and production. Here, architect drawings will be converted to construction drawings, material lists and delivery documentation.
From prior art, attention shall be given to Fl 25045, US 5,002,620, DE 32 36 187 Al and Norwegian Application NO 2000 5692. All the documents concern building blocks for a building construction where a number of building blocks are intended to be put together to form a wall or the like and where the building block is a rectangular, precast block.
Short description of the invention The building elements according to the invention preferably comprise EPS balls with cement as a binding agent. This is a well-known product which is produced in several locations in the world. The present product has some additional materials that offer extra toughness in casting and in use. These are aiso known materials. What is special about the present invention lies in the shape, composition and production of the blocks.
The material that is used has different densities in the cross-section of the blocks. The building element according to the invention can have two surface layers, each one with a thickness of, for example, 20 millimetres, which preferably has the highest density. This provides the necessary strength requirements for a completed wall. A middle layer can have a low density. This provides the necessary insulating characteristic. Both layers can be optimised further in the subsequent development of the product. No information is available about others that use different densities of this material in the same product. The dimensions of the block can, for example, be 300 x 300 x 599 millimetres. The length can possibly be somewhat adjusted later, where all the surfaces are plane. Furthermore, vertical openings are provided in the blocks, for example, a circular opening of 120 millimetres diameter in the centre and two corresponding semi-circular openings at each end. This provides circular, vertical hollow spaces of 300 millimetres vertical distance when the blocks are laid in a course. The internal surfaces of the blocks can be sealed during production with silicone spray or the like. This is to protect the insulation layer against careless handling and against ingress of water during laying when it is raining. This will also ensure the guiding holes against unwanted wear during laying. In addition this will give diffusion tightness in two directions of the wall.
The external surfaces will initially not be sprayed so that the blocks can be open to diffusion across the wall.
During building, every other hole can be plugged with a locking plug, of a material that corresponds to the insulating material. This give a stable wall in the initial phases of construction. At the same time the blocks are locked in a completely accurate position in relation to the other blocks. This gives an approximately smooth wall surface. Every other hole is preferably filled with reinforced concrete to give the wall large load bearing strength. The function of the locking plug must be seen in connection with the production method for the blocks that will give the blocks the exact same dimensions, straight surfaces and right angles. The blocks are therefore locked exactly in relation to each other and the completed wall will be of a very high quality. The function of the locking plug, together with the possibilities of good tolerance in its method of production, are one of the most central parts of the new development.
All material thicknesses are initially of standard dimensions, but can be adjusted according to the wishes of the customer.
The plugs are in the main comprised of the same materials as the blocks. The plugs can be somewhat pointed at one end and thereafter get a special surface treatment to increase the thickness and to withstand the mechanical strain during laying. In production of the blocks, excess material can be recirculated.
Besides, there can be an opportunity to use recirculated isopor from other sources optimally, to a smaller and larger extent.
The wall will be horizontally open to diffusion, but the biocks can however be sealed with a silicone spray such that they are diffusion tight vertically. No other product in today's market seems to have this combination of characteristics.
It is a further long term aim to be able to build walls with the help of robots. The starting point will be a construction programme for all deliveries of the system according to the invention. The construction programme will be developed in parallel with the detailed development of the product and production. Here, architect drawings will be converted to construction drawings, material lists and delivery documentation.
From prior art, attention shall be given to Fl 25045, US 5,002,620, DE 32 36 187 Al and Norwegian Application NO 2000 5692. All the documents concern building blocks for a building construction where a number of building blocks are intended to be put together to form a wall or the like and where the building block is a rectangular, precast block.
Short description of the invention The building elements according to the invention preferably comprise EPS balls with cement as a binding agent. This is a well-known product which is produced in several locations in the world. The present product has some additional materials that offer extra toughness in casting and in use. These are aiso known materials. What is special about the present invention lies in the shape, composition and production of the blocks.
The material that is used has different densities in the cross-section of the blocks. The building element according to the invention can have two surface layers, each one with a thickness of, for example, 20 millimetres, which preferably has the highest density. This provides the necessary strength requirements for a completed wall. A middle layer can have a low density. This provides the necessary insulating characteristic. Both layers can be optimised further in the subsequent development of the product. No information is available about others that use different densities of this material in the same product. The dimensions of the block can, for example, be 300 x 300 x 599 millimetres. The length can possibly be somewhat adjusted later, where all the surfaces are plane. Furthermore, vertical openings are provided in the blocks, for example, a circular opening of 120 millimetres diameter in the centre and two corresponding semi-circular openings at each end. This provides circular, vertical hollow spaces of 300 millimetres vertical distance when the blocks are laid in a course. The internal surfaces of the blocks can be sealed during production with silicone spray or the like. This is to protect the insulation layer against careless handling and against ingress of water during laying when it is raining. This will also ensure the guiding holes against unwanted wear during laying. In addition this will give diffusion tightness in two directions of the wall.
The external surfaces will initially not be sprayed so that the blocks can be open to diffusion across the wall.
During building, every other hole can be plugged with a locking plug, of a material that corresponds to the insulating material. This give a stable wall in the initial phases of construction. At the same time the blocks are locked in a completely accurate position in relation to the other blocks. This gives an approximately smooth wall surface. Every other hole is preferably filled with reinforced concrete to give the wall large load bearing strength. The function of the locking plug must be seen in connection with the production method for the blocks that will give the blocks the exact same dimensions, straight surfaces and right angles. The blocks are therefore locked exactly in relation to each other and the completed wall will be of a very high quality. The function of the locking plug, together with the possibilities of good tolerance in its method of production, are one of the most central parts of the new development.
All material thicknesses are initially of standard dimensions, but can be adjusted according to the wishes of the customer.
The plugs are in the main comprised of the same materials as the blocks. The plugs can be somewhat pointed at one end and thereafter get a special surface treatment to increase the thickness and to withstand the mechanical strain during laying. In production of the blocks, excess material can be recirculated.
Besides, there can be an opportunity to use recirculated isopor from other sources optimally, to a smaller and larger extent.
The above mentioned aims are achieved with a building block which is characterised by the characteristics in the independent claim 1, in that the building block is manufactured from EPS balls with cement as a binding agent and that said vertical channel(s) is formed as a through-going, circular opening between the end surfaces of the block and/or a semi-circular groove on at least one end of the block, whereby a circular opening is formed between two adjoining building blocks, as a number of said vertical channels in the building block are arranged to receive respective locking plugs formed at least partially from the same material as the building blocks.
Preferred alternative embodiments are characterised by the dependent claims 2-8. The through-going, circular opening between the end surfaces of the block is preferably arranged centrally in the block and the block comprises a semi-circular grove on each end of the block.
One or more of the internal surfaces of the building block can comprise a sealant such as silicone.
A top block can comprise a horizontal, mainly U-shaped duct that runs in the longitudinal direction in an upper part of the building block. A corner block can comprise a through-going opening and only one semi-circular groove at one end, and the other end can comprise an outer surface layer.
A specific embodiment of the building block can be formed with the dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 599 mm, where the surface layers are formed with a thick-ness of 20 mm and the channels are formed with a diameter corresponding to 120 mm.
In the main, the vertical channels run through the building construction centrally in the building blocks and between the building blocks, and a selection of vertical channels can be filled with reinforced concrete, preferably every other channel.
A locking plug is preferably formed in a circular-cylindrical shape or in a semi circular-cylindrical shape.
The invention shall now be described in more detail with reference to the enclosed figures, in which:
Preferred alternative embodiments are characterised by the dependent claims 2-8. The through-going, circular opening between the end surfaces of the block is preferably arranged centrally in the block and the block comprises a semi-circular grove on each end of the block.
One or more of the internal surfaces of the building block can comprise a sealant such as silicone.
A top block can comprise a horizontal, mainly U-shaped duct that runs in the longitudinal direction in an upper part of the building block. A corner block can comprise a through-going opening and only one semi-circular groove at one end, and the other end can comprise an outer surface layer.
A specific embodiment of the building block can be formed with the dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 599 mm, where the surface layers are formed with a thick-ness of 20 mm and the channels are formed with a diameter corresponding to 120 mm.
In the main, the vertical channels run through the building construction centrally in the building blocks and between the building blocks, and a selection of vertical channels can be filled with reinforced concrete, preferably every other channel.
A locking plug is preferably formed in a circular-cylindrical shape or in a semi circular-cylindrical shape.
The invention shall now be described in more detail with reference to the enclosed figures, in which:
Figure 1 shows a perspective drawing of a general building block according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a perspective drawing of a top block according to the invention.
5 Figure 3 shows a perspective drawing of two end blocks put together to form a corner according to the invention.
Figure 4 shows a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 5 shows correspondingly a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 6 shows a transparent perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 7 shows a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 8 shows correspondingly a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
As mentioned, the invention relates to a building block 10 for use in a building construction 50, where a number of building blocks 10 placed together form, for example, a wall. The building block 10 according to the invention is in the main formed as a rectangular, completed building block and which comprises an outer surface layer 12, 14 on each side surface and an intermediate, insulating middle layer 16 of a lower density than the surface layers. Furthermore, the building block 10 comprises vertical, through-going channels 18, 20 arranged to receive at least one locking plug 60, 62 or reinforced concrete. Said channels are shaped as a through-going circular opening 18, in the main centrally in the block, and a semi circular groove 20 at each end of the block, whereby a circular opening 52 is provided between two adjoining building blocks 10.
Figure 1 shows an example of a building block 10 according to the invention.
The building block according to the embodiment example is preferably formed with dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 599 mm, where the surface layers 12, 14 are made with a thickness of 20 mm and the through-going, central channel 18 is formed with a diameter of 120 mm. The dimensions of the side channels 20 are consequently half of the diameter of the middle channel 18, so that when two buiiding blocks 10 are placed together, the same diameter is created in all channels. The dimensions of the building block are consequently not limited to the above mentioned dimensions, but can be produced in the dimensions that are desired or practical.
The building block 10 is cast in its own production process, and is treated so that it has the desired shape and size. The building block 10 is preferably manufactured from EPS balls with cement as binding agent. EPS stands for expanded polystyrene, and is a petroleum product. EPS does not contain KFK/HKFK. When using EPS as building insulation material, one saves a lot of energy, and thus protects the environment. EPS does not dissolve in water or air and therefore does not pollute the environment. Fungi and bacteria can not grow on EPS. If one wishes a greater pressure strength or moisture resistance, XPS, or any other corresponding material, for example can be used completely or partially in place of EPS.
One or more of the internal surfaces of the building block 10, i.e. the channels and/or surfaces of opposite building blocks that face each other, can be comprised of a sealant such as silicone. The aim of this is to protect the insulating layer against careless handling and against ingress of water when laying when it is raining. Furthermore, the channels are also protected against unwanted wear during laying. In addition, this provides diffusion tightness in two directions of the wall. Initially, the external surfaces will not be sprayed so that the blocks can be open to diffusion across the wall, but a sealant can, of course, be applied to all surfaces if appropriate.
Figure 2 shows an example of a top block 30. The top block 30 is in the main manufactured and formed in the same way as given above, but comprises in addition a groove or duct 32 that runs in the whole or parts of the upper section of the block. The groove or duct 32 is formed so that it can be filled with armouring and concrete, or the like, and can function as a cast concrete girder.
The depth of the groove or duct is adapted to the desired amount of armouring 72 and fill material 74.
Figure 3 shows two corner blocks 40 which are put together. The corner block is in the main manufactured and formed in the same way as described 35 above. However, the corner block 40 will comprise a through-going opening and only one semi circular groove 20 at one end, and the other end 42 can comprise an outer surface layer corresponding to that of the side surfaces of the building block. Alternatively, the corner block can comprise a tapered end edge, or the corner block can be formed in an L-shape. Furthermore, the corner block can be made to be shorter than said building blocks 10, and the through-going opening 18 is no longer arranged centrally in the block, but arranged so that the opening runs through the over lying and/or under lying corner blocks centrally in the corner of the building construction. The top corner blocks can be formed with a groove or duct 32 corresponding to that described for the top block.
The figures 4-8 show different examples of the building up of parts of the building construction 50. The preparation of the foundation is carried out in a known way and will not be described further. It can be seen that building blocks are placed adjoining each other so that a through-going opening 52 is provided between the channels 20 at the end of the building block. A locking plug is thereafter placed in the openings 52 and 18. The locking plugs 60 are preferably formed with a circular-cylindrical shape with the same diameter as the openings. However, a semi-circular cylindrical locking plug 62 can be used in the corner of the building construction, as shown in the figures 4 and 5.
The length of the locking plugs can be corresponding to the height of the building blocks, or alternatively longer so that they run vertically through several or all the building blocks. Every other opening 18, 52 is preferably filled with concrete 70. Openings for doors and windows can be cut out after the wall has been completed, or such openings can be adapted during the fitting of the building elements.
The locking plugs are, as mentioned, preferably manufactured from the same material as the building block, and then especially of the same material as the middle layer of the building block. However, it can be necessary to harden the locking plugs by the addition of an outer surface layer, such as cement.
Furthermore, it can be relevant as an alternative to manufacture the locking plugs from a different material than the building blocks if this is required or appropriate.
Figure 2 shows a perspective drawing of a top block according to the invention.
5 Figure 3 shows a perspective drawing of two end blocks put together to form a corner according to the invention.
Figure 4 shows a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 5 shows correspondingly a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 6 shows a transparent perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 7 shows a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
Figure 8 shows correspondingly a perspective drawing of parts of a building construction according to the invention.
As mentioned, the invention relates to a building block 10 for use in a building construction 50, where a number of building blocks 10 placed together form, for example, a wall. The building block 10 according to the invention is in the main formed as a rectangular, completed building block and which comprises an outer surface layer 12, 14 on each side surface and an intermediate, insulating middle layer 16 of a lower density than the surface layers. Furthermore, the building block 10 comprises vertical, through-going channels 18, 20 arranged to receive at least one locking plug 60, 62 or reinforced concrete. Said channels are shaped as a through-going circular opening 18, in the main centrally in the block, and a semi circular groove 20 at each end of the block, whereby a circular opening 52 is provided between two adjoining building blocks 10.
Figure 1 shows an example of a building block 10 according to the invention.
The building block according to the embodiment example is preferably formed with dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 599 mm, where the surface layers 12, 14 are made with a thickness of 20 mm and the through-going, central channel 18 is formed with a diameter of 120 mm. The dimensions of the side channels 20 are consequently half of the diameter of the middle channel 18, so that when two buiiding blocks 10 are placed together, the same diameter is created in all channels. The dimensions of the building block are consequently not limited to the above mentioned dimensions, but can be produced in the dimensions that are desired or practical.
The building block 10 is cast in its own production process, and is treated so that it has the desired shape and size. The building block 10 is preferably manufactured from EPS balls with cement as binding agent. EPS stands for expanded polystyrene, and is a petroleum product. EPS does not contain KFK/HKFK. When using EPS as building insulation material, one saves a lot of energy, and thus protects the environment. EPS does not dissolve in water or air and therefore does not pollute the environment. Fungi and bacteria can not grow on EPS. If one wishes a greater pressure strength or moisture resistance, XPS, or any other corresponding material, for example can be used completely or partially in place of EPS.
One or more of the internal surfaces of the building block 10, i.e. the channels and/or surfaces of opposite building blocks that face each other, can be comprised of a sealant such as silicone. The aim of this is to protect the insulating layer against careless handling and against ingress of water when laying when it is raining. Furthermore, the channels are also protected against unwanted wear during laying. In addition, this provides diffusion tightness in two directions of the wall. Initially, the external surfaces will not be sprayed so that the blocks can be open to diffusion across the wall, but a sealant can, of course, be applied to all surfaces if appropriate.
Figure 2 shows an example of a top block 30. The top block 30 is in the main manufactured and formed in the same way as given above, but comprises in addition a groove or duct 32 that runs in the whole or parts of the upper section of the block. The groove or duct 32 is formed so that it can be filled with armouring and concrete, or the like, and can function as a cast concrete girder.
The depth of the groove or duct is adapted to the desired amount of armouring 72 and fill material 74.
Figure 3 shows two corner blocks 40 which are put together. The corner block is in the main manufactured and formed in the same way as described 35 above. However, the corner block 40 will comprise a through-going opening and only one semi circular groove 20 at one end, and the other end 42 can comprise an outer surface layer corresponding to that of the side surfaces of the building block. Alternatively, the corner block can comprise a tapered end edge, or the corner block can be formed in an L-shape. Furthermore, the corner block can be made to be shorter than said building blocks 10, and the through-going opening 18 is no longer arranged centrally in the block, but arranged so that the opening runs through the over lying and/or under lying corner blocks centrally in the corner of the building construction. The top corner blocks can be formed with a groove or duct 32 corresponding to that described for the top block.
The figures 4-8 show different examples of the building up of parts of the building construction 50. The preparation of the foundation is carried out in a known way and will not be described further. It can be seen that building blocks are placed adjoining each other so that a through-going opening 52 is provided between the channels 20 at the end of the building block. A locking plug is thereafter placed in the openings 52 and 18. The locking plugs 60 are preferably formed with a circular-cylindrical shape with the same diameter as the openings. However, a semi-circular cylindrical locking plug 62 can be used in the corner of the building construction, as shown in the figures 4 and 5.
The length of the locking plugs can be corresponding to the height of the building blocks, or alternatively longer so that they run vertically through several or all the building blocks. Every other opening 18, 52 is preferably filled with concrete 70. Openings for doors and windows can be cut out after the wall has been completed, or such openings can be adapted during the fitting of the building elements.
The locking plugs are, as mentioned, preferably manufactured from the same material as the building block, and then especially of the same material as the middle layer of the building block. However, it can be necessary to harden the locking plugs by the addition of an outer surface layer, such as cement.
Furthermore, it can be relevant as an alternative to manufacture the locking plugs from a different material than the building blocks if this is required or appropriate.
Claims (8)
1. Building block for a building construction (50), where a number of building blocks are placed together to form a wall or the like, comprising a rectangular, precast building block (10; 30; 40), as the building block (10;
30;
40) comprises an outer surface layer (12, 14) on each side surface and an intermediate, insulating middle layer (16) of corresponding material with lower density than the surface layers (12, 14), and that the building block (10) comprises at least one vertical channel (18, 20) arranged to receive at least one locking plug (60; 62) and/or reinforced concrete, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the building block (10) is manufactured from EPS balls with cement as binding agent, and that said vertical channel(s) is formed as a through-going, circular opening (18) between the end surfaces of the block and/or a semi-circular groove (20) on at least one end of the block (10), whereby a circular opening (52) is provided between two adjoining building blocks (10), as a number of said vertical channels (18, 20) in the building block are arranged to receive respective locking plugs (60,62) manufactured at least partially from the same material as the building blocks.
30;
40) comprises an outer surface layer (12, 14) on each side surface and an intermediate, insulating middle layer (16) of corresponding material with lower density than the surface layers (12, 14), and that the building block (10) comprises at least one vertical channel (18, 20) arranged to receive at least one locking plug (60; 62) and/or reinforced concrete, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that the building block (10) is manufactured from EPS balls with cement as binding agent, and that said vertical channel(s) is formed as a through-going, circular opening (18) between the end surfaces of the block and/or a semi-circular groove (20) on at least one end of the block (10), whereby a circular opening (52) is provided between two adjoining building blocks (10), as a number of said vertical channels (18, 20) in the building block are arranged to receive respective locking plugs (60,62) manufactured at least partially from the same material as the building blocks.
2. Building block (10; 30) according to claim 1, characterised in that the through-going, circular opening (18) between the end surfaces of the block is arranged centrally in the block and that the block comprises a semi-circular groove (20) at each end of the block.
3. Building block (10; 30; 40) according to one or more of the claims 1-2, characterised in that one or more of the internal surfaces of the building block (10; 30; 40) comprise a sealant such as silicone.
4. Building block (30) according to claims 2 or 3, characterised in that a top block (30) comprises a horizontal, in the main U-shaped duct (32) that runs in the longitudinal direction in an upper part of the building block.
5. Building block (40) according to claims 2 or 3, characterised in that a corner block comprises a through-going opening (18) and only one semi-circular groove (20) at one end and that the other end (42) comprises an outer surface layer.
6. Building block (10; 30; 40) according to one or more of the claims 1-5, characterised in that the building block is formed with the dimensions 300 mm x 300 mm x 599 mm. where the surface layers (12, 14) are formed with a thickness of 20 mm and the channels (18, 20) are formed with a diameter corresponding to 120 mm.
7. Building block (10; 30; 40) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the vertical channels (18, 20) in the main run through the building construction (50) centrally in the building blocks (10; 30; 40) and between the building blocks (10; 30; 40), and that a selection of the vertical channels are filled with reinforced concrete, preferably every other channel.
8. Building block (10; 30; 40) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a locking plug (60) is formed in a circular-cylindrical shape or a locking plug (62) is formed in a semi-circular cylindrical shape.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20051817 | 2005-04-14 | ||
NO20051817A NO20051817A (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2005-04-14 | Building block for a building construction |
PCT/NO2006/000133 WO2006110045A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2006-04-11 | Building block |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2604723A1 true CA2604723A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
Family
ID=35277000
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002604723A Abandoned CA2604723A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2006-04-11 | Building block |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080302040A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1941109B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2604723A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1941109T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2624755T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE033721T2 (en) |
LT (1) | LT1941109T (en) |
NO (1) | NO20051817A (en) |
PL (1) | PL1941109T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1941109T (en) |
SI (1) | SI1941109T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006110045A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TR200703056A2 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-03-21 | Dönmez Fi̇kret | Innovation in insulated sandwich blocks |
CA2594908C (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2015-12-22 | Casey Moroschan | Hollow core block stabilization system |
CA2686057C (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2015-12-15 | Casey Moroschan | Hollow core block stabilization system |
DE202010002389U1 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-03-31 | Peters, Karl-Heinz | Building in skeleton construction with high thermal insulation |
US8341902B2 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-01 | Trisna Widjaja Kusuma | Multi-story buildings from prefabricated concrete components |
US20140196397A1 (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-17 | Tom Sourlis | Insulated building block and wall structure |
CA2899473A1 (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-01 | Just Biofiber Corp. | Load bearing interlocking structural blocks and modular building system |
RU2583801C1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-05-10 | Валерий Андреевич Лещиков | Method for high-speed construction of buildings |
RO131503B1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2021-04-29 | Laurenţiu Dumitru Breaz | Precast block for constructions, modular element with optimized geometry, modular element manufacturing process, construction, process for carrying out a construction by assembling said modular elements |
BE1025147B1 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-11-13 | N.U.D. Bvba | Building block |
Family Cites Families (26)
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US2141397A (en) * | 1937-09-14 | 1938-12-27 | Locke Earl Ray | Building system |
FI25045A (en) * | 1944-11-18 | 1951-05-10 | Procedure for making composite concrete and aerated concrete bricks and brick made accordingly | |
US3247294A (en) * | 1963-11-14 | 1966-04-19 | Bahidj B Sabouni | Concrete products and methods for making same |
US3292331A (en) * | 1964-01-24 | 1966-12-20 | Carl R Sams | Interlocking blocks and wall construction |
US3430403A (en) * | 1966-04-19 | 1969-03-04 | George B Muse | Wall construction method and apparatus |
US3777430A (en) * | 1972-08-30 | 1973-12-11 | Robertson Co H H | Complementary mating elements for double-skin foam core panel |
AT340102B (en) * | 1975-03-10 | 1977-11-25 | Goidinger Johann Dipl Ing | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING WALLS |
GB1559636A (en) * | 1976-07-05 | 1980-01-23 | Baupres Ag | Building block |
US4306395A (en) * | 1978-06-01 | 1981-12-22 | Carpenter Orval R | Lightweight cementitious product and method for making same |
US4190995A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-03-04 | Armistead John A | Composite building unit, method of producing same |
US4831802A (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1989-05-23 | Leonard Bloom | Insulated face brick |
DE3236187C2 (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1986-05-28 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Mortarless insulation wall construction |
US4614071A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1986-09-30 | Sams Carl R | Building blocks |
FR2609079B1 (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1990-08-31 | Monestier Claude | CONSTRUCTION BLOCKS AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD |
CA1267545A (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-04-10 | Anthony J.P. Elias | Building block |
US5002620A (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1991-03-26 | Pace Technologies, Inc. | Method of production of fiber-reinforced cellular concrete |
EP0457615A1 (en) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-11-21 | Keith David Bowes | Construction element |
DE19502979A1 (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-08 | Bodo Zschoppe | Dry block building kit for wall |
US5921046A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-07-13 | Recobond, Inc. | Prefabricated building system for walls, roofs, and floors using a foam core building panel and connectors |
US5913791A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 1999-06-22 | Baldwin; Robert A. | Building block, method for making the same, and method for building a wall using the same |
US6085480A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-07-11 | Baldwin; Robert A. | Building block having a wooden attachment layer |
US6851235B2 (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2005-02-08 | Robert A. Baldwin | Building block with a cement-based attachment layer |
US6397549B1 (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2002-06-04 | Robert A. Baldwin | Building block with a wooden attachment layer |
HUP0102262A3 (en) | 1998-05-11 | 2003-11-28 | Interlock Holdings Pty Ltd Ner | Improvements in or relating to building elements and methods in relation to same |
US6676862B2 (en) * | 1999-09-15 | 2004-01-13 | Advanced Building Systems, Inc. | Method for forming lightweight concrete block |
US7100336B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2006-09-05 | Oldcastle Precast, Inc. | Concrete building panel with a low density core and carbon fiber and steel reinforcement |
-
2005
- 2005-04-14 NO NO20051817A patent/NO20051817A/en unknown
-
2006
- 2006-04-11 PL PL06733108T patent/PL1941109T3/en unknown
- 2006-04-11 EP EP06733108.2A patent/EP1941109B1/en active Active
- 2006-04-11 US US11/911,509 patent/US20080302040A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-11 SI SI200632160A patent/SI1941109T1/en unknown
- 2006-04-11 WO PCT/NO2006/000133 patent/WO2006110045A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-04-11 CA CA002604723A patent/CA2604723A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-11 HU HUE06733108A patent/HUE033721T2/en unknown
- 2006-04-11 PT PT67331082T patent/PT1941109T/en unknown
- 2006-04-11 DK DK06733108.2T patent/DK1941109T3/en active
- 2006-04-11 LT LTEP06733108.2T patent/LT1941109T/en unknown
- 2006-04-11 ES ES06733108.2T patent/ES2624755T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1941109A4 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
ES2624755T3 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
NO321915B1 (en) | 2006-07-17 |
HUE033721T2 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
EP1941109A1 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
PT1941109T (en) | 2017-04-11 |
WO2006110045A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
US20080302040A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
SI1941109T1 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
EP1941109B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
NO20051817D0 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
LT1941109T (en) | 2017-06-12 |
DK1941109T3 (en) | 2017-04-24 |
NO20051817A (en) | 2006-07-17 |
PL1941109T3 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20130318 |