CA2593701A1 - Acides gras libres permettant de contrecarrer la croissance du fusarium graminearum - Google Patents
Acides gras libres permettant de contrecarrer la croissance du fusarium graminearum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2593701A1 CA2593701A1 CA002593701A CA2593701A CA2593701A1 CA 2593701 A1 CA2593701 A1 CA 2593701A1 CA 002593701 A CA002593701 A CA 002593701A CA 2593701 A CA2593701 A CA 2593701A CA 2593701 A1 CA2593701 A1 CA 2593701A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acids
- free fatty
- graminearum
- growth
- capric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 241000223195 Fusarium graminearum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid ester group Chemical class C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-WAYWQWQTSA-N myristoleic acid group Chemical class C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCC)(=O)O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000015707 frontal fibrosing alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 29
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 12
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 11
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N (9E)-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9E-tetradecenoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 myristoleic Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004464 cereal grain Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008659 phytopathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219130 Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000317981 Podosphaera fuliginea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000918584 Pythium ultimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000813090 Rhizoctonia solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010473 blackcurrant seed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012677 causal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020247 cow milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N deoxynivalenol Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C=C(C([C@@H](O)[C@@]13CO)=O)C)C)O2 LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930002954 deoxynivalenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001076 estrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000000004 fungal plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002044 hexane fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000028644 hyphal growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000099 in vitro assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002414 normal-phase solid-phase extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IBYFOBGPNPINBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O IBYFOBGPNPINBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000033 toxigenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001551 toxigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IBYFOBGPNPINBU-OUKQBFOZSA-N trans-2-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O IBYFOBGPNPINBU-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930013292 trichothecene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- LZAJKCZTKKKZNT-PMNGPLLRSA-N trichothecene Chemical compound C12([C@@]3(CC[C@H]2OC2C=C(CCC23C)C)C)CO1 LZAJKCZTKKKZNT-PMNGPLLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vomitoxin hydrate Natural products OCC12C(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC1OC1C(O)CC2(C)C11CO1 LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002593701A CA2593701A1 (fr) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Acides gras libres permettant de contrecarrer la croissance du fusarium graminearum |
PCT/CA2008/001292 WO2009009885A1 (fr) | 2007-07-13 | 2008-07-14 | Acides gras libres interférant avec la croissance de fusarium graminearum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002593701A CA2593701A1 (fr) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Acides gras libres permettant de contrecarrer la croissance du fusarium graminearum |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2593701A1 true CA2593701A1 (fr) | 2009-01-13 |
Family
ID=40255105
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002593701A Abandoned CA2593701A1 (fr) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Acides gras libres permettant de contrecarrer la croissance du fusarium graminearum |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA2593701A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009009885A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102349267B1 (ko) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-01-10 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | 미리스톨레익산을 유효성분으로 함유하는 항균 및 생물막 형성 억제용 조성물 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07320936A (ja) * | 1994-05-24 | 1995-12-08 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | 積層形チップインダクタ |
WO1996028022A2 (fr) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-09-19 | Mycogen Corporation | Compositions a base d'acides gras et procedes de protection contre les infections des plantes et de lutte antiparasitaire |
KR20030025933A (ko) * | 2000-06-20 | 2003-03-29 | 엔.브이. 세거스 뉴트리션 사이언시스 | 항균제로서의 중간 사슬 길이의 지방산 |
AU2003202265A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2003-07-30 | Summerdale, Inc. | Fungicide compositions |
-
2007
- 2007-07-13 CA CA002593701A patent/CA2593701A1/fr not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-07-14 WO PCT/CA2008/001292 patent/WO2009009885A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009009885A1 (fr) | 2009-01-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20130715 |
|
FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20130715 |