CA2581613A1 - Packing for planters - Google Patents
Packing for planters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2581613A1 CA2581613A1 CA 2581613 CA2581613A CA2581613A1 CA 2581613 A1 CA2581613 A1 CA 2581613A1 CA 2581613 CA2581613 CA 2581613 CA 2581613 A CA2581613 A CA 2581613A CA 2581613 A1 CA2581613 A1 CA 2581613A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- force
- packing
- resulting
- opener
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/201—Mounting of the seeding tools
- A01C7/203—Mounting of the seeding tools comprising depth regulation means
Abstract
A system and method of sensing and adjusting the resulting packing force on seeding devices that utilize a packing element (in the form of a wheel, skid, or other device) as a terrain following, depth gauge for seed and fertilizer. The resulting vertical force exerted by the soil against the packing element, is detected on one or more of the multiple seed row elements by mounting the packer wheel on a pivoting member that has a force sensor incorporated between the pivoting plate and the opener arm. The operator monitors the force on a device viewable from the cab so he can make adjustments necessary to maintain the packing force at an appropriate level on the entire drill. The sensed force may also electronically adjust the packing force on the drill to automatically compensate for force changes on the packer wheel. The force changes are as a result of varying soil conditions and speed.
The sensor may be arranged so that it only senses the vertical forces on the packer wheel and not the horizontal rolling resistance forces.
The sensor may be arranged so that it only senses the vertical forces on the packer wheel and not the horizontal rolling resistance forces.
Description
ON ROW PACKING ON PLANTERS
This invention is in the field of packing systems for seeding implements used in agriculture, and in particular, implements that utilize a packer wheel or device that doubles as a terrain following gauge to control the openers operating depth.
BACKGROUND
Ten=ain following openers are well known in the industry. They are used to improve the seed andlor fertilizer depth accuracy. Such openers often utilize the packer wheel for two functions; 1) to firm up the loosened soil around and above the seed, and 2) to act as a terrain following depth gauge for the individual opener. A hydraulic, pneumatic or spring force usually directly or iudirectly provides for the force being applied to the packer wheel. Such forces can usuaily be adjusted by mechanical, electrical or electronic tneans to change the force for different soil types and crop requirements. With hydraulic or pneumatic forces, changing the supply pressure for the opener, changes the force. With spring forces, increasing or decreasing the spring compression level, changes the force. Skid plates and track devices may also be used as the packing element. Some planters include in-cab adjustment capabilities so that the driver can change the resulting packing force from the cab to change the force for soil types moisture conditions ground speed and residue effects. It is desirable to have a uniform and adequate packing force to achieve good seed to soil contact for germination. The advent of direct seeding or zero-till often includes the practice of shallow seeding and early seeding. With shallow seeding the importance of good packing is more critical since there is a higher potential of the soil around the seed drying out if it is not firm. On the other end of the scale over packing can make it dil'ticult for the seedling to emerge. Terrain following openers that utilize the packing element as the openers depth gauge and are built such that the seed andlor fet-tilizer openers are vertically cotltrolled by the packing element. Because of the intercomiected construction the drag and penetrating forces on the ground engaging elements directly affect the resulting vertical packing force on the packing element.
An example of such an opener is Beaujol patent------------which includes separate seed and fertilizer openers mounted on an extended arm that ftirther includes a packing/depth-gauging wheel at the trailing end. A hydraulic cylinder that has an active oil supply is included on each opener. The operator can set the active oil pressure manually on the pressure-controlling valve or remotely tluu an in-cab control. On such a device the soil's drag forces and the soils penetrating forces, on both openers, reduces the resulting packing force on the packer wheel. The rolling resistance force also reduces the resulting packer wheel's vertical force. As a result even with in-cab control over the active hydraulic pressure the operator is often guessing and un-aware of the packing performance as it varies over different portions of the field or from field to field.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the present invention to provide a packing system that overcomes the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides in one embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sen.sed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The driver can then change the hydraulic pressure from time to time to maintain the resulting packer force within an acceptable range based on the monitor readings as the opener travels thru the soil.
The invention provides in a second embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The driver can then change the spring compression from time to time to maintain the resulting packer force within an acceptable range based on the monitor readings as the opener travels thru the soil.
The invention provides in a third embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The sensed force is also relayed to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected level for the crop.
The invention provides in a forth embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor_ The sensed force is also relayed to a possessing modute that averages the resulting packing forces over a pre-selected period of time and sends the appropriate adjustment signal to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected level for the crop.
The invention provides in a fifth embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensor is positioned in such a manner that it eliminates the rolling resistanee force from the sensed packing force. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The sensed force is also relayed to a possessing module that averages the resulting packing forces over a pre-selected period of time and sends the appropriate adjustment signal to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected. level for the crop.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT
Figure #1 schematically illustrates a system for gauging and adjusting on the packing element of a terrain following seeding tooL There are three ground contacting elements on this device; a) the fertilizer opener 1 with the attached delivery tube 2, b) the seed opener 3 with the attached delivery tube 4,and, c) the packer wheel 5. The ground contacting elements are niounted on the trailing end of the extended arm 6. The extended arm 6 is mounted to the frame member 8 using u-bolts 7. The extended artn 6 is pivotally attached to the frame via hanging bracket 10 at pivot point 9. The hanging bracket 10 also includes an active cylinder pivot mount 1 I for pivotally mounting active cylinder 12. Hydraulic hose 13 is used as an oil return in the field working position and as the oil supply line when lifting the opener off the ground. Hydraulic hose 14 supplies the active oil from the pressure-control valve 15 to cylinder 12. Valve 15 is pressure adjusted via control 20. Hydraulic hose 16 supplies tractor oil to valve 15. Simple lines indicate the original soil surface 17, the loosened soil surface 18, and the final packed soil surface 19. The drag soil reaction force on the fertilizer opener Fl creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to Fl times the vertical distance between Fl and pivot 9(D1). The vertical soil penetrating reaction force on the fertilized opener F2 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F2 times the horizontal distance between F2 and pivot 9 (D2). The drag soil reaction force on the seed opener F3 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended a-rn pivot point 9 equal to F3 times the vertical distance between F3 and pivot 9(D3). The vertical soil penetrating reaction force on the seed opener F4 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F4 times the horizontal distance between F4 and pivot 9 (D4). The rolling resistance soil reaction force component on the packer wheel F5 creates an opener liftu-ig moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F5 times the vertical distance between F5 and pivot 9 (D5).
The active cylinder applies a force F7 on to the opener. The force F7 is set by the operator by adjusting the pressure in valve 15. The cylinder creates an opener lowering moment arotu7d the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F7 times the perpendicular distance between the cylinder center and pivot 9(D5). F6 is the resultant soil vertical packing force acting on the packer wheel. The resulting force is equal to the opener lowering moments minus the opener lifting moments divided by the horizontal distance between F6 and pivot 9 (D6).
F6=((F7*D7)-(F1 *Dl )-(F2*D2)-(F3*D3)-(F4*D4)-(F5*D5))/D6 Since all distances are substantially fixed and Fl, F2, F3, F4. and F5 vary with soil conditions, in order to maintain a uniform resultant vertical packing force F6, the cylinder pressure must be varied so that F7 compensates for the varying soil forces.
By allowing plate 21 to pivot freely about pivot 22 and mounting a load sensor 10 1 between plate 22 and a sensor mount 102 the sensor can continually detect the packing force. The sensor mount 102 is rigidly attached to the main opener arm. The rigid attachment is by means of bolts 105 and 106. Bolt 106 is in a slotted portion of the sensor mount 102 so the position of plate 21 can be adjusted to fixing the operating depth of the opener. The sensed load is then transferred via cable or hose 103 to a monitor 104 visible to the operator. The operator can manually or remotely adjust valve 15 until a satisfactory reading is achieved on the monitor 104.
Alternately the sensed force can directly adjust the valve 15 via valve contro120 if the control mechanism is set to respond to the load sensor signal.
Another alternative is to have the sensed load results being processed by an electronic processor, which in turn provide an adjustment signal to valve control 20. The processor could calculate an average readi:ag over a short time and adjust control 20 based on the aveiage.
Yet another alternative is to have plate 21 built such that the pivot 22 is approximately the same vertical distance off the ground as the packer wheel center so that the sensor 101 does not detect the rolling resistance force F5.
This invention is in the field of packing systems for seeding implements used in agriculture, and in particular, implements that utilize a packer wheel or device that doubles as a terrain following gauge to control the openers operating depth.
BACKGROUND
Ten=ain following openers are well known in the industry. They are used to improve the seed andlor fertilizer depth accuracy. Such openers often utilize the packer wheel for two functions; 1) to firm up the loosened soil around and above the seed, and 2) to act as a terrain following depth gauge for the individual opener. A hydraulic, pneumatic or spring force usually directly or iudirectly provides for the force being applied to the packer wheel. Such forces can usuaily be adjusted by mechanical, electrical or electronic tneans to change the force for different soil types and crop requirements. With hydraulic or pneumatic forces, changing the supply pressure for the opener, changes the force. With spring forces, increasing or decreasing the spring compression level, changes the force. Skid plates and track devices may also be used as the packing element. Some planters include in-cab adjustment capabilities so that the driver can change the resulting packing force from the cab to change the force for soil types moisture conditions ground speed and residue effects. It is desirable to have a uniform and adequate packing force to achieve good seed to soil contact for germination. The advent of direct seeding or zero-till often includes the practice of shallow seeding and early seeding. With shallow seeding the importance of good packing is more critical since there is a higher potential of the soil around the seed drying out if it is not firm. On the other end of the scale over packing can make it dil'ticult for the seedling to emerge. Terrain following openers that utilize the packing element as the openers depth gauge and are built such that the seed andlor fet-tilizer openers are vertically cotltrolled by the packing element. Because of the intercomiected construction the drag and penetrating forces on the ground engaging elements directly affect the resulting vertical packing force on the packing element.
An example of such an opener is Beaujol patent------------which includes separate seed and fertilizer openers mounted on an extended arm that ftirther includes a packing/depth-gauging wheel at the trailing end. A hydraulic cylinder that has an active oil supply is included on each opener. The operator can set the active oil pressure manually on the pressure-controlling valve or remotely tluu an in-cab control. On such a device the soil's drag forces and the soils penetrating forces, on both openers, reduces the resulting packing force on the packer wheel. The rolling resistance force also reduces the resulting packer wheel's vertical force. As a result even with in-cab control over the active hydraulic pressure the operator is often guessing and un-aware of the packing performance as it varies over different portions of the field or from field to field.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the present invention to provide a packing system that overcomes the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides in one embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sen.sed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The driver can then change the hydraulic pressure from time to time to maintain the resulting packer force within an acceptable range based on the monitor readings as the opener travels thru the soil.
The invention provides in a second embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The driver can then change the spring compression from time to time to maintain the resulting packer force within an acceptable range based on the monitor readings as the opener travels thru the soil.
The invention provides in a third embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The sensed force is also relayed to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected level for the crop.
The invention provides in a forth embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor_ The sensed force is also relayed to a possessing modute that averages the resulting packing forces over a pre-selected period of time and sends the appropriate adjustment signal to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected level for the crop.
The invention provides in a fifth embodiment a packing system for a planter that includes a device to measure the resulting packing force on one or more of the packer wheels on a planter. The sensor is positioned in such a manner that it eliminates the rolling resistanee force from the sensed packing force. The sensed force is then displayed to the driver via a visible monitor. The sensed force is also relayed to a possessing module that averages the resulting packing forces over a pre-selected period of time and sends the appropriate adjustment signal to a valve that automatically adjusts the pressure to maintain the resulting packing force at the pre-selected. level for the crop.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT
Figure #1 schematically illustrates a system for gauging and adjusting on the packing element of a terrain following seeding tooL There are three ground contacting elements on this device; a) the fertilizer opener 1 with the attached delivery tube 2, b) the seed opener 3 with the attached delivery tube 4,and, c) the packer wheel 5. The ground contacting elements are niounted on the trailing end of the extended arm 6. The extended arm 6 is mounted to the frame member 8 using u-bolts 7. The extended artn 6 is pivotally attached to the frame via hanging bracket 10 at pivot point 9. The hanging bracket 10 also includes an active cylinder pivot mount 1 I for pivotally mounting active cylinder 12. Hydraulic hose 13 is used as an oil return in the field working position and as the oil supply line when lifting the opener off the ground. Hydraulic hose 14 supplies the active oil from the pressure-control valve 15 to cylinder 12. Valve 15 is pressure adjusted via control 20. Hydraulic hose 16 supplies tractor oil to valve 15. Simple lines indicate the original soil surface 17, the loosened soil surface 18, and the final packed soil surface 19. The drag soil reaction force on the fertilizer opener Fl creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to Fl times the vertical distance between Fl and pivot 9(D1). The vertical soil penetrating reaction force on the fertilized opener F2 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F2 times the horizontal distance between F2 and pivot 9 (D2). The drag soil reaction force on the seed opener F3 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended a-rn pivot point 9 equal to F3 times the vertical distance between F3 and pivot 9(D3). The vertical soil penetrating reaction force on the seed opener F4 creates an opener lifting moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F4 times the horizontal distance between F4 and pivot 9 (D4). The rolling resistance soil reaction force component on the packer wheel F5 creates an opener liftu-ig moment around the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F5 times the vertical distance between F5 and pivot 9 (D5).
The active cylinder applies a force F7 on to the opener. The force F7 is set by the operator by adjusting the pressure in valve 15. The cylinder creates an opener lowering moment arotu7d the extended arm pivot point 9 equal to F7 times the perpendicular distance between the cylinder center and pivot 9(D5). F6 is the resultant soil vertical packing force acting on the packer wheel. The resulting force is equal to the opener lowering moments minus the opener lifting moments divided by the horizontal distance between F6 and pivot 9 (D6).
F6=((F7*D7)-(F1 *Dl )-(F2*D2)-(F3*D3)-(F4*D4)-(F5*D5))/D6 Since all distances are substantially fixed and Fl, F2, F3, F4. and F5 vary with soil conditions, in order to maintain a uniform resultant vertical packing force F6, the cylinder pressure must be varied so that F7 compensates for the varying soil forces.
By allowing plate 21 to pivot freely about pivot 22 and mounting a load sensor 10 1 between plate 22 and a sensor mount 102 the sensor can continually detect the packing force. The sensor mount 102 is rigidly attached to the main opener arm. The rigid attachment is by means of bolts 105 and 106. Bolt 106 is in a slotted portion of the sensor mount 102 so the position of plate 21 can be adjusted to fixing the operating depth of the opener. The sensed load is then transferred via cable or hose 103 to a monitor 104 visible to the operator. The operator can manually or remotely adjust valve 15 until a satisfactory reading is achieved on the monitor 104.
Alternately the sensed force can directly adjust the valve 15 via valve contro120 if the control mechanism is set to respond to the load sensor signal.
Another alternative is to have the sensed load results being processed by an electronic processor, which in turn provide an adjustment signal to valve control 20. The processor could calculate an average readi:ag over a short time and adjust control 20 based on the aveiage.
Yet another alternative is to have plate 21 built such that the pivot 22 is approximately the same vertical distance off the ground as the packer wheel center so that the sensor 101 does not detect the rolling resistance force F5.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2581613 CA2581613A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-03-13 | Packing for planters |
| CA 2584736 CA2584736A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-04-12 | Controlled downward force on furrow packing element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2581613 CA2581613A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-03-13 | Packing for planters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2581613A1 true CA2581613A1 (en) | 2008-09-13 |
Family
ID=39747216
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2581613 Abandoned CA2581613A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-03-13 | Packing for planters |
| CA 2584736 Abandoned CA2584736A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-04-12 | Controlled downward force on furrow packing element |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2584736 Abandoned CA2584736A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2007-04-12 | Controlled downward force on furrow packing element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (2) | CA2581613A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8910582B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2014-12-16 | Deere & Company | Row unit for a seeding machine having active downforce control for the closing wheels |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA115123C2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2017-09-25 | Пресіжн Плентінг Елелсі | Agricultural toolbar apparatus, systems, and methods |
| CN109041675A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-21 | 田开林 | Front-end ditching machine and trench digging method |
| CN109041678B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2024-02-09 | 霍邱县开林机械制造有限公司 | Rear-mounted ditching machine |
-
2007
- 2007-03-13 CA CA 2581613 patent/CA2581613A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-04-12 CA CA 2584736 patent/CA2584736A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8910582B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2014-12-16 | Deere & Company | Row unit for a seeding machine having active downforce control for the closing wheels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2584736A1 (en) | 2008-09-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |