CA2569814A1 - Bridge deck panel coupling system and method therefor - Google Patents
Bridge deck panel coupling system and method therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2569814A1 CA2569814A1 CA 2569814 CA2569814A CA2569814A1 CA 2569814 A1 CA2569814 A1 CA 2569814A1 CA 2569814 CA2569814 CA 2569814 CA 2569814 A CA2569814 A CA 2569814A CA 2569814 A1 CA2569814 A1 CA 2569814A1
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- connection system
- panel
- deck panel
- substructure
- anchor
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
- E01D19/125—Grating or flooring for bridges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/10—Wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/40—Plastics
Abstract
A bridge deck panel connection system is provided. The system comprises means for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure. The means comprises an anchor that extends from the panel;
securing means which engage the anchor; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat that is disposable between the deck panel and substructure. The mat has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state. The system also comprises means for connecting adjacent deck panels, which comprises a lateral anchor that extends from the connecting side of the deck panel and overlaps with a lateral anchor of the adjacent panel; a non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels; and respective surface adhering glass fibre reinforced aprons that span the overlap.
securing means which engage the anchor; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat that is disposable between the deck panel and substructure. The mat has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state. The system also comprises means for connecting adjacent deck panels, which comprises a lateral anchor that extends from the connecting side of the deck panel and overlaps with a lateral anchor of the adjacent panel; a non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels; and respective surface adhering glass fibre reinforced aprons that span the overlap.
Description
BRIDGE DECK PANEL COUPLING SYSTEM AND METHOD THERFOR
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bridge connection system. In particular, the present invention relates to a system for securing a bridge deck to an underlying substructure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Bridge structures are exposed to a myriad of forces, each of which capable of creating structural failure. One way of mitigating any potential failure is to have the bridge superstructure (deck panels) and substructure act as a unified structure. Several attempts at creating a unified structure have been proposed. For example, in US 5,311,629, a pre-cast slab having a number of connecting projections and plates was proposed. This solution, however, fails to achieve the ideal result because the pre-cast deck slabs have different casual cambers and as a result the bolt attachments will transmit additional uncontrolled stresses to the inside of the pre-cast slab. Other proposed solutions, such as US 6,453,495 and US 6,905,636, are difficult to implement, requiring a large number of bolts or studs to deal with any shear forces.
Additional complications arise when new bridge materials (composites) are used, or when the bridge deck and the substructure are comprised of different materials.
There remains a need for a bridge connection system that mitigates or obviates at least some of the above problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A bridge deck panel connection system is provided. The system comprises means for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure. The system also comprises means for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel to create a continuous deck system. The connected deck panels, together with the substructure, create a solid system working in combined operation under traffic loads.
A connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure is provided. The deck panel comprises a mounting surface that is connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface. The system comprises an anchor that is positionable within the panel from the traffic surface to extend from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration; securing means which engage the extended portion of the anchor so as to secure the panel to the substructure; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat that is disposable between the deck panel and substructure, and is configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface. The mat has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The anchor may comprise a plate; a rod that extends from the plate to the mounting surface, the plate and rod are positionable within the panel; and, a connector pin that extends from the rod and defines the extended portion of the anchor.
The deck panel may comprise a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis. The beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other. The panel may also comprise a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing that encases the inter-connected beam elements. The encased beam elements define a mounting surface that is connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface. The anchor is positionable within the encased panel.
The connection system may further comprise a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor is positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel; a non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron that is securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron that is securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bridge connection system. In particular, the present invention relates to a system for securing a bridge deck to an underlying substructure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Bridge structures are exposed to a myriad of forces, each of which capable of creating structural failure. One way of mitigating any potential failure is to have the bridge superstructure (deck panels) and substructure act as a unified structure. Several attempts at creating a unified structure have been proposed. For example, in US 5,311,629, a pre-cast slab having a number of connecting projections and plates was proposed. This solution, however, fails to achieve the ideal result because the pre-cast deck slabs have different casual cambers and as a result the bolt attachments will transmit additional uncontrolled stresses to the inside of the pre-cast slab. Other proposed solutions, such as US 6,453,495 and US 6,905,636, are difficult to implement, requiring a large number of bolts or studs to deal with any shear forces.
Additional complications arise when new bridge materials (composites) are used, or when the bridge deck and the substructure are comprised of different materials.
There remains a need for a bridge connection system that mitigates or obviates at least some of the above problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A bridge deck panel connection system is provided. The system comprises means for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure. The system also comprises means for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel to create a continuous deck system. The connected deck panels, together with the substructure, create a solid system working in combined operation under traffic loads.
A connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure is provided. The deck panel comprises a mounting surface that is connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface. The system comprises an anchor that is positionable within the panel from the traffic surface to extend from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration; securing means which engage the extended portion of the anchor so as to secure the panel to the substructure; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat that is disposable between the deck panel and substructure, and is configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface. The mat has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The anchor may comprise a plate; a rod that extends from the plate to the mounting surface, the plate and rod are positionable within the panel; and, a connector pin that extends from the rod and defines the extended portion of the anchor.
The deck panel may comprise a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis. The beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other. The panel may also comprise a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing that encases the inter-connected beam elements. The encased beam elements define a mounting surface that is connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface. The anchor is positionable within the encased panel.
The connection system may further comprise a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor is positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel; a non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron that is securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron that is securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
The binder may be a polymer non-shrinking concrete or grout.
The extended portion of the reinforcing bar may be bent.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 illustrates a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 illustrates an element of the system of figure 1;
Figures 3a and 3b illustrate alternate installations of the system of figure 1;
Figure 4 illustrates a further aspect of the connection system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 illustrates a bridge deck panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6 illustrates an alternate configuration of the aspect of Figure 4;
Figure 7 illustrates the steps in a method for connecting a deck panel to an underlying substructure; and, Figure 8 illustrates a system in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to Figure 1, a connection system 10 for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 to an underlying bridge substructure 13 is illustrated.
The deck panel 11 comprises a mounting surface 15 connectable to the substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The system 10 comprises an anchor 19 positionable within the panel 11 from the traffic surface 17 to extend from the mounting surface 15 by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure 13 when the panel 11 is in an installed configuration; securing means 21 which engage the extended portion of the anchor 19 so as to secure the panel 11 to the substructure 13; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat 23 that is disposable between the deck panel 11 and substructure 13, and is configured to adhere to the substructure 13 and mounting surface 15. The mat 23 has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel 11 being secured to the substructure 13, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The substructure 13 may be an I-beam (Figure 3a) or a box beam (Figure 3b).
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the anchor 19 comprises a plate 25; a rod 27 that extends from the plate 25 to the mounting surface 15. The plate 25 and rod 27 are positionable within the panel 11. The anchor also comprises a connector pin 29 that extends from the rod 27 and defines the extended portion 31 of the anchor 19 (as is illustrated in Figure 8). The anchor 19 preferably comprises a second rod 27 that extends from the plate 25 and a second connector pin 29 that extends from the second rod 27 (as is illustrated in Figure 1). The rods 27 include a pocket 53 which is configured to receive the connector pin 29. The pocket 53 and pin 29 are complementarily threaded so as to facilitate the pin's 29 threading into the pocket 53. The particular engagement configuration selected may be altered to suit the particular decking requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the anchor 19 comprises a metal, such as steel. The plate 25 and rods 27 preferably comprise a steel having a tensile strength of about 400 megapascals (MPa).
The rods 27 are preferable welded to the plate 25. The connector pins 29 preferably comprise a high strength steel, having a tensile strength of about 830 MPa.
The connector pin 29 preferably comprises another threaded portion and the securing means 21 is a nut that threads onto the threaded pin portion. However, the means by which the securing means 21 engages the connector pin 29 may be selected to suit the particular dictates of the bridge application.
Referring to figures 1 and 5, the deck panel 11 comprises a plurality of inter-connected glulam beam elements 33, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis 35. The beams 33 are aligned side-by-side with the axes 35 generally parallel to each other. The panel 11 also comprises a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing 37 encasing the inter-connected beam elements 33. One of the functions served by the encasing 37 is to protect the glulam beam elements 33 from external environmental elements (such as slat, water, etc.), which could ultimately compromise the structural integrity and longevity of the panel 11. The encased beam elements 33 define the mounting surface 15 that is connectable to the substructure 13 and the traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The anchor 19 is positionable within the encased deck panel 11.
In a preferred embodiment, the plate 25 - rods 27 portion of the anchor 19 is positioned in the panel 11 prior to the panel 11 being encased in the casing 37. The respective pockets 53 of the rods 27 are corked with a material that extends to the mounting surface 15.
The cork may then be removed without compromising the integrity of the casing 37, and the connector pin 29 may then engage the pocket 53.
The epoxy mat 23 has a thickness sufficient to provide an adhering surface for the mounting surface 15 and the substructure 13. Preferably, the epoxy mat 23 has a thickness of at least 15 mm. In the present embodiment the epoxy mat 23 has a thickness of between 15 mm and 20 mm. The fibre employed in the present embodiment is a randomly oriented fibreglass.
Referring to Figure 4, a further aspect of the connection system 10 is illustrated. The system 10 further comprises a lateral anchor 39 for connecting the deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel 11 a. The lateral anchor 39 is positionable within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel l la. The system 10 also comprises a non-shrinking binder 43 for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels 11,11a; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 45 that is securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,1 la to span the overlap;
and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap.
In a preferred embodiment, the connection system 10 still further comprising a transverse reinforcing member 49 that is positionable in the overlap. The member 49 is preferably a steel reinforcing bar that exends the length of the connecting side 41. In the present embodiment, U
shaped transverse member 55 is also employed.
The binder 43 is preferably a polymer non-shrinking concrete or grout that is combined with a coarse aggregate.
The lateral anchor 39 is a reinforcing bar, the extended portion of which is bent at approximately 90o. The bend is made preferably in the direction to compensate for tensile forces, away from the surface bearing tensile forces.
The reinforcing bar is positionable within the panel 11 to a depth dictated by the load to be borne by the deck panel 11. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing bar is positioned to full depth of the panel, and extending beyond an opposing connecting side (not shown). In the present embodiment, the lateral anchor 39 is positioned within the panel 11 prior to the panel 11 being encased in the deck panel casing 37. The extended portion of the lateral anchor 39 is also bent prior to the encasing. In this manner, the integrity of the casing 37 is maintained.
In the present embodiment, a plurality of lateral anchors 39 is positioned within the panel 11.
The aprons 45,47 are glued to the glass fibre reinforced polymer casing of the deck panel and extend the length of the connecting side. The traffic-surface apron 47 is a glass fibre reinforced strip that in the present embodiment is approximately 3mm thick and 570mm wide. The mounting surface apron 45, in the present embodiment, is a fibreglass epoxy mat that is squeezed to approximately 10mm after prestressing. Once squeezed, the portion of the apron 45 that resides in the overlap pushes up into the overlap (Figure 6), thereby creating a shear key 57 that contributes to the overall shear resistance of the deck panel 11 connection to the substructure 13.
Alternately, the mounting surface apron 45 may be composed identically to the traffic surface apron 47.
Referring to Figure 4, the further aspect of the connection system 10 may alternately be described as a connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel l la, the respective deck panels 11,11a having a mounting surface 15 connectable to an underlying bridge substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The system comprises a lateral anchor 39 positionable within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel 11 a; a polymer non-shrinking binder 43 for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels 11,11a; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 45 that is securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels l l,l la to span the overlap.
Referring to Figures 1 and 5, a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 is illustrated. The panel 11 is connectable to a bridge substructure 13.
The deck panel 11 comprises a plurality of inter-connected beam elements 33, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis 35, the beams 33 being aligned side-by-side with the axes 35 being generally parallel to each other; a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing 37 encasing the inter-connected beam elements 33, the encased beam elements 33 define a mounting surface 15 that is connectable to the substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15; an anchor 39 positioned within the encased panel 11 from the traffic surface 17 and extending from the mounting surface 15 by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure 13 when the panel 11 is in an installed configuration. The mounting face 15 is configured to receive a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat 23 that is disposed between the deck panel 11 and substructure 13 and is configured to adhere to the substructure 13 and mounting surface 15.
The mat 23 is positioned after having been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel 11 being secured to the substructure 13. Once stressed, the mat 23 is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the deck panel 11 may be described as further comprising a lateral anchor 39 for connecting the deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel l la, the lateral anchor 39 being positioned within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel 11 a.
The connecting side 41 is configured to receive a polymer non-shrinking binder 43 disposed within the overlap between the adjacent panels l l,lla. The mounting-surface 15 adjacent the connecting side 41 is configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron 45 securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,1 la to span the overlap; and, the traffic-surface 17 adjacent the connecting side 41 is configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap.
Referring to figure 7, a flowchart of the steps in a method for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure is illustrated. At step 100, an uncured fibre-reinforced epoxy mat is positioned at a mounting location on the substructure. At step 110, the mat is permitted to cure to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure. The deck panel is then secured to the substructure (step 120). At step 130, the mat is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The above description is intended in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. Variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims set out below.
The extended portion of the reinforcing bar may be bent.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 illustrates a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 illustrates an element of the system of figure 1;
Figures 3a and 3b illustrate alternate installations of the system of figure 1;
Figure 4 illustrates a further aspect of the connection system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 illustrates a bridge deck panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6 illustrates an alternate configuration of the aspect of Figure 4;
Figure 7 illustrates the steps in a method for connecting a deck panel to an underlying substructure; and, Figure 8 illustrates a system in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to Figure 1, a connection system 10 for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 to an underlying bridge substructure 13 is illustrated.
The deck panel 11 comprises a mounting surface 15 connectable to the substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The system 10 comprises an anchor 19 positionable within the panel 11 from the traffic surface 17 to extend from the mounting surface 15 by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure 13 when the panel 11 is in an installed configuration; securing means 21 which engage the extended portion of the anchor 19 so as to secure the panel 11 to the substructure 13; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat 23 that is disposable between the deck panel 11 and substructure 13, and is configured to adhere to the substructure 13 and mounting surface 15. The mat 23 has been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel 11 being secured to the substructure 13, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The substructure 13 may be an I-beam (Figure 3a) or a box beam (Figure 3b).
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the anchor 19 comprises a plate 25; a rod 27 that extends from the plate 25 to the mounting surface 15. The plate 25 and rod 27 are positionable within the panel 11. The anchor also comprises a connector pin 29 that extends from the rod 27 and defines the extended portion 31 of the anchor 19 (as is illustrated in Figure 8). The anchor 19 preferably comprises a second rod 27 that extends from the plate 25 and a second connector pin 29 that extends from the second rod 27 (as is illustrated in Figure 1). The rods 27 include a pocket 53 which is configured to receive the connector pin 29. The pocket 53 and pin 29 are complementarily threaded so as to facilitate the pin's 29 threading into the pocket 53. The particular engagement configuration selected may be altered to suit the particular decking requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the anchor 19 comprises a metal, such as steel. The plate 25 and rods 27 preferably comprise a steel having a tensile strength of about 400 megapascals (MPa).
The rods 27 are preferable welded to the plate 25. The connector pins 29 preferably comprise a high strength steel, having a tensile strength of about 830 MPa.
The connector pin 29 preferably comprises another threaded portion and the securing means 21 is a nut that threads onto the threaded pin portion. However, the means by which the securing means 21 engages the connector pin 29 may be selected to suit the particular dictates of the bridge application.
Referring to figures 1 and 5, the deck panel 11 comprises a plurality of inter-connected glulam beam elements 33, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis 35. The beams 33 are aligned side-by-side with the axes 35 generally parallel to each other. The panel 11 also comprises a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing 37 encasing the inter-connected beam elements 33. One of the functions served by the encasing 37 is to protect the glulam beam elements 33 from external environmental elements (such as slat, water, etc.), which could ultimately compromise the structural integrity and longevity of the panel 11. The encased beam elements 33 define the mounting surface 15 that is connectable to the substructure 13 and the traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The anchor 19 is positionable within the encased deck panel 11.
In a preferred embodiment, the plate 25 - rods 27 portion of the anchor 19 is positioned in the panel 11 prior to the panel 11 being encased in the casing 37. The respective pockets 53 of the rods 27 are corked with a material that extends to the mounting surface 15.
The cork may then be removed without compromising the integrity of the casing 37, and the connector pin 29 may then engage the pocket 53.
The epoxy mat 23 has a thickness sufficient to provide an adhering surface for the mounting surface 15 and the substructure 13. Preferably, the epoxy mat 23 has a thickness of at least 15 mm. In the present embodiment the epoxy mat 23 has a thickness of between 15 mm and 20 mm. The fibre employed in the present embodiment is a randomly oriented fibreglass.
Referring to Figure 4, a further aspect of the connection system 10 is illustrated. The system 10 further comprises a lateral anchor 39 for connecting the deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel 11 a. The lateral anchor 39 is positionable within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel l la. The system 10 also comprises a non-shrinking binder 43 for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels 11,11a; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 45 that is securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,1 la to span the overlap;
and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap.
In a preferred embodiment, the connection system 10 still further comprising a transverse reinforcing member 49 that is positionable in the overlap. The member 49 is preferably a steel reinforcing bar that exends the length of the connecting side 41. In the present embodiment, U
shaped transverse member 55 is also employed.
The binder 43 is preferably a polymer non-shrinking concrete or grout that is combined with a coarse aggregate.
The lateral anchor 39 is a reinforcing bar, the extended portion of which is bent at approximately 90o. The bend is made preferably in the direction to compensate for tensile forces, away from the surface bearing tensile forces.
The reinforcing bar is positionable within the panel 11 to a depth dictated by the load to be borne by the deck panel 11. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing bar is positioned to full depth of the panel, and extending beyond an opposing connecting side (not shown). In the present embodiment, the lateral anchor 39 is positioned within the panel 11 prior to the panel 11 being encased in the deck panel casing 37. The extended portion of the lateral anchor 39 is also bent prior to the encasing. In this manner, the integrity of the casing 37 is maintained.
In the present embodiment, a plurality of lateral anchors 39 is positioned within the panel 11.
The aprons 45,47 are glued to the glass fibre reinforced polymer casing of the deck panel and extend the length of the connecting side. The traffic-surface apron 47 is a glass fibre reinforced strip that in the present embodiment is approximately 3mm thick and 570mm wide. The mounting surface apron 45, in the present embodiment, is a fibreglass epoxy mat that is squeezed to approximately 10mm after prestressing. Once squeezed, the portion of the apron 45 that resides in the overlap pushes up into the overlap (Figure 6), thereby creating a shear key 57 that contributes to the overall shear resistance of the deck panel 11 connection to the substructure 13.
Alternately, the mounting surface apron 45 may be composed identically to the traffic surface apron 47.
Referring to Figure 4, the further aspect of the connection system 10 may alternately be described as a connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel l la, the respective deck panels 11,11a having a mounting surface 15 connectable to an underlying bridge substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15. The system comprises a lateral anchor 39 positionable within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel 11 a; a polymer non-shrinking binder 43 for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels 11,11a; a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 45 that is securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels l l,l la to span the overlap.
Referring to Figures 1 and 5, a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel 11 is illustrated. The panel 11 is connectable to a bridge substructure 13.
The deck panel 11 comprises a plurality of inter-connected beam elements 33, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis 35, the beams 33 being aligned side-by-side with the axes 35 being generally parallel to each other; a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing 37 encasing the inter-connected beam elements 33, the encased beam elements 33 define a mounting surface 15 that is connectable to the substructure 13 and a traffic surface 17, opposite the mounting surface 15; an anchor 39 positioned within the encased panel 11 from the traffic surface 17 and extending from the mounting surface 15 by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure 13 when the panel 11 is in an installed configuration. The mounting face 15 is configured to receive a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat 23 that is disposed between the deck panel 11 and substructure 13 and is configured to adhere to the substructure 13 and mounting surface 15.
The mat 23 is positioned after having been cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel 11 being secured to the substructure 13. Once stressed, the mat 23 is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the deck panel 11 may be described as further comprising a lateral anchor 39 for connecting the deck panel 11 to an adjacent deck panel l la, the lateral anchor 39 being positioned within the deck panel 11 to extend from a connecting side 41 of the deck panel 11 by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor 39a of the adjacent deck panel 11 a.
The connecting side 41 is configured to receive a polymer non-shrinking binder 43 disposed within the overlap between the adjacent panels l l,lla. The mounting-surface 15 adjacent the connecting side 41 is configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron 45 securable to the mounting surfaces 15 of the adjacent panels 11,1 la to span the overlap; and, the traffic-surface 17 adjacent the connecting side 41 is configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron 47 that is securable to the traffic surfaces 17 of the adjacent panels 11,11 a to span the overlap.
Referring to figure 7, a flowchart of the steps in a method for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure is illustrated. At step 100, an uncured fibre-reinforced epoxy mat is positioned at a mounting location on the substructure. At step 110, the mat is permitted to cure to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure. The deck panel is then secured to the substructure (step 120). At step 130, the mat is allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
The above description is intended in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. Variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims set out below.
Claims (40)
1. A connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure, the deck panel having a mounting surface connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface, the system comprising:
an anchor positionable within the panel from the traffic surface to extend from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration;
securing means for engaging the extended portion of the anchor to secure the panel to the substructure; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat disposable between the deck panel and substructure, and configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface, the mat having been:
cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
an anchor positionable within the panel from the traffic surface to extend from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration;
securing means for engaging the extended portion of the anchor to secure the panel to the substructure; and, a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat disposable between the deck panel and substructure, and configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface, the mat having been:
cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
2. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein the anchor comprises:
a plate;
a rod extending from the plate to the mounting surface, the plate and rod being positionable within the panel; and, a connector pin extending from the rod and defining the extended portion of the anchor.
a plate;
a rod extending from the plate to the mounting surface, the plate and rod being positionable within the panel; and, a connector pin extending from the rod and defining the extended portion of the anchor.
3. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the anchor further comprises a second rod extending from the plate and a second connector pin extending from the second rod.
4. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the anchor comprises a metal.
5. A connection system according to claim 4, wherein the metal is steel.
6. A connection system according to claim 5, wherein the connector pin comprises a high strength steel.
7. A connection system according to claim 6, wherein the connector pin comprises a threaded portion and the securing means is a nut that threads onto the threaded pin portion.
8. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein the deck panel comprises:
a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis, the beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other; and, a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing encasing the inter-connected beam elements, the encased beam elements defining a mounting surface connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface; the anchor being positionable within the encased panel.
a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis, the beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other; and, a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing encasing the inter-connected beam elements, the encased beam elements defining a mounting surface connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface; the anchor being positionable within the encased panel.
9. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy mat has a thickness sufficient to provide an adhering surface for the mounting surface and the substructure.
10. A connection system according to claim 9, wherein the epoxy mat has a thickness of at least 15 mm.
11. A connection system according to claim 10, wherein the epoxy mat has a thickness of between 15 mm and 20 mm.
12. A connection system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor being positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
a polymer non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels;
a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor being positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
a polymer non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels;
a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
13. A connection system according to claim 12, further comprising a transverse reinforcing member positionable in the overlap.
14. A connection system according to claim 12, further comprising a plurality of transverse reinforcing members positionable in the overlap.
15. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the binder is polymer non-shrinking grout.
16. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the anchor comprises a reinforcing bar.
17. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the anchor comprises a plurality of reinforcing bars.
18. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the extended portion of the reinforcing bar is bent.
19. A connection system according to claim 18, wherein the bend is 90o.
20. A connection system according to claim 18, wherein the bend is in the direction away from the surface bearing tensile forces.
21. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcing bar is positionable within the panel to a depth dictated by the load to be borne by the deck panel.
22. A connection system according to claim 21, wherein the reinforcing bar is positionable to the full depth of the deck panel.
23. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the aprons are glued to the glass fibre reinforced polymer casing of the deck panel.
24. A connection system according to claim 12, wherein the aprons extend the length of the connecting side.
25. A connection system for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the respective deck panels having a mounting surface connectable to an underlying bridge substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface, the system comprising:
a lateral anchor positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
a polymer non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels;
a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
a lateral anchor positionable within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
a polymer non-shrinking binder for filling the overlap between the adjacent panels;
a mounting-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, a traffic-surface glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
26. A connection system according to claim 25, further comprising a transverse reinforcing member positionable in the overlap.
27. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the binder is polymer non-shrinking grout.
28. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the anchor is a reinforcing bar.
29. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the extended portion of the reinforcing bar is bent.
30. A connection system according to claim 29, wherein the bend is 90o.
31. A connection system according to claim 29, wherein the bend is in the direction away from the surface bearing tensile forces.
32. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the reinforcing bar is positionable within the panel to a depth dictated by the load to be borne by the deck panel.
33. A connection system according to claim 32, wherein the reinforcing bar is positionable to the full depth of the deck panel.
34. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the aprons are glued to the glass fibre reinforced polymer casing of the deck panel.
35. A connection system according to claim 25, wherein the aprons extend the length of the connecting side.
36. A composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel connectable to a bridge substructure, the deck panel comprising:
a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis, the beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other;
a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing encasing the inter-connected beam elements, the encased beam elements defining a mounting surface connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface;
an anchor positioned within the encased panel from the traffic surface and extending from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration;
the mounting face being configured to receive a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat disposed between the deck panel and substructure, the mat being configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface, the mat having been:
cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
a plurality of inter-connected beam elements, each of which comprising a longitudinal axis, the beams being aligned side-by-side with the axes being generally parallel to each other;
a glass fibre reinforced polymer casing encasing the inter-connected beam elements, the encased beam elements defining a mounting surface connectable to the substructure and a traffic surface, opposite the mounting surface;
an anchor positioned within the encased panel from the traffic surface and extending from the mounting surface by an amount sufficient to permit connection to the substructure when the panel is in an installed configuration;
the mounting face being configured to receive a fibre-reinforced epoxy mat disposed between the deck panel and substructure, the mat being configured to adhere to the substructure and mounting surface, the mat having been:
cured to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure, and, allowed to cure finally in its stressed state.
37. A composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel according to claim 36, further comprising a plurality of anchors.
38. A composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel according to claim 36, further comprising:
a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor being positioned within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
the connecting side being configured to receive a polymer non-shrinking binder disposed within the overlap between the adjacent panels;
the mounting-surface adjacent the connecting side being configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, the traffic-surface adjacent the connecting side being configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
a lateral anchor for connecting the deck panel to an adjacent deck panel, the lateral anchor being positioned within the deck panel to extend from a connecting side of the deck panel by an amount sufficient to overlap with a lateral anchor of the adjacent deck panel;
the connecting side being configured to receive a polymer non-shrinking binder disposed within the overlap between the adjacent panels;
the mounting-surface adjacent the connecting side being configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the mounting surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap; and, the traffic-surface adjacent the connecting side being configured to receive a glass fibre reinforced apron securable to the traffic surfaces of the adjacent panels to span the overlap.
39. A composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel according to claim 36, further comprising a plurality of lateral anchors.
40. A method for connecting a composite wood-glass fibre reinforced polymer bridge deck panel to an underlying bridge substructure comprising the steps of:
positioning an uncured fibre-reinforced epoxy mat at a mounting location on the substructure;
permitting the mat to cure to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure;
securing the panel to the substructure; and, allowing the mat to cure finally in its stressed state.
positioning an uncured fibre-reinforced epoxy mat at a mounting location on the substructure;
permitting the mat to cure to a degree sufficient to bear a stress resulting from the panel being secured to the substructure;
securing the panel to the substructure; and, allowing the mat to cure finally in its stressed state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2569814 CA2569814A1 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2006-12-01 | Bridge deck panel coupling system and method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2569814 CA2569814A1 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2006-12-01 | Bridge deck panel coupling system and method therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2569814A1 true CA2569814A1 (en) | 2008-06-01 |
Family
ID=39521158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2569814 Abandoned CA2569814A1 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2006-12-01 | Bridge deck panel coupling system and method therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2569814A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012004593A3 (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-07-12 | John Reginald Newton | Support platform for a bridge superstructure |
| CN114808690A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-07-29 | 重庆市智翔铺道技术工程有限公司 | Steel bridge deck pavement structure |
-
2006
- 2006-12-01 CA CA 2569814 patent/CA2569814A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012004593A3 (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-07-12 | John Reginald Newton | Support platform for a bridge superstructure |
| CN114808690A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-07-29 | 重庆市智翔铺道技术工程有限公司 | Steel bridge deck pavement structure |
| CN114808690B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2023-07-18 | 重庆市智翔铺道技术工程有限公司 | Steel bridge deck pavement structure |
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