CA2565302A1 - Downhole sucker-rod pumping plant - Google Patents
Downhole sucker-rod pumping plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2565302A1 CA2565302A1 CA002565302A CA2565302A CA2565302A1 CA 2565302 A1 CA2565302 A1 CA 2565302A1 CA 002565302 A CA002565302 A CA 002565302A CA 2565302 A CA2565302 A CA 2565302A CA 2565302 A1 CA2565302 A1 CA 2565302A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- rods
- hollow
- gas
- string
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000566515 Nedra Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
- F04B47/026—Pull rods, full rod component parts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The inventive pumping plant can be used for pump engineering, the mining, petroleum and gas industries for extracting liquid from wells. Said pumping plant is provided with two cavities which are arranged in each hollow rod, isolated from each other, vacuumed or filled with a gas. Said roads are made of a low-density metal, for example corrosion-protected high-strength aluminium or titanium alloys. The internal cavities of said hollow rods comprise liquid-tight plugs which are rigidly connected to the end thereof in such a way that adapters are formed for connecting said hollow rods to demountable connectors. The hollow rods are provided with charging devices for filling the internal cavities with a pressure gas. Said charging device is arranged in the lower part of the hollow rod and a closer is disposed at the entry thereof in such a way that it is removable during filling the internal cavities with the gas. The fact that said pumping plant is provided with the rods which have low specific weight due to a correct material selection makes it possible to produce the rods with small external diameter, increase the depth of pumping by means of downhole sucker-rod pumping plants, decrease the load applied to a drive mechanism, reduce the size and weight thereof and to simplify the requirements to a balancing unit or do not use it at all.
Description
WELL SUCKER ROD PUMP AGGREGATE
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention is related to the field of pump technology and can be applied to uses in the oil and gas, mining and other industries to recover liquids from wells of considerable depth.
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE
Well sucker-rod systems in which a plunger pump is attached to a string of hollow cross-section steel rods have been used, (according to A.G. Molchanov and V.L. Chicherov: "Machines and Mechanisms in the oil industry", published by "Nedra" 1976, page 36-40).
In the most common type of rod-strings, the individual rods are made of steel and present a solid cross section. Such rods are simple, easy to manufacture, possess high tensile strength and a high elasticity modulus. Their disadvantage is the high density of steel.
There are also sucker-rods made of materials lighter than steel. In most cases glass reinforced plastic is being used for this purpose (A.G. Matveychuk: "Use of glass reinforced plastics for sucker-rods abroad"). Such rods are highly corrosion resistant. In order to provide their ends with conventional threaded joints, such rods are provided with steel ends glued to the reinforced plastic with epoxy adhesives. Since such rods must not be subjected to any axial compressive loading, the end of the string of such rods is usually weighted with steel bars ("heavy bottom").
Steel parts contained in the string of plastic rods reduce the weight advantage resulting from the lightweight materials used. Thus the global weight economy seldom exceeds 50%.
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention is related to the field of pump technology and can be applied to uses in the oil and gas, mining and other industries to recover liquids from wells of considerable depth.
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE
Well sucker-rod systems in which a plunger pump is attached to a string of hollow cross-section steel rods have been used, (according to A.G. Molchanov and V.L. Chicherov: "Machines and Mechanisms in the oil industry", published by "Nedra" 1976, page 36-40).
In the most common type of rod-strings, the individual rods are made of steel and present a solid cross section. Such rods are simple, easy to manufacture, possess high tensile strength and a high elasticity modulus. Their disadvantage is the high density of steel.
There are also sucker-rods made of materials lighter than steel. In most cases glass reinforced plastic is being used for this purpose (A.G. Matveychuk: "Use of glass reinforced plastics for sucker-rods abroad"). Such rods are highly corrosion resistant. In order to provide their ends with conventional threaded joints, such rods are provided with steel ends glued to the reinforced plastic with epoxy adhesives. Since such rods must not be subjected to any axial compressive loading, the end of the string of such rods is usually weighted with steel bars ("heavy bottom").
Steel parts contained in the string of plastic rods reduce the weight advantage resulting from the lightweight materials used. Thus the global weight economy seldom exceeds 50%.
Apart from the above indicated, there exist a number of problems associated with quality manufacture of plastic rods and the reliability of the adhesive bond of the threaded steel coupling to the plastic rod, especially when mass-produced.
Additionally, the reinforced plastic rods stretch under load at least three times more than equivalent steel rods due to their much lower modulus of elasticity.
In case of rupture, their retrieval from the well is much more problematic. It is also to note that the reduction in weight of the rod-string may not be sufficient in case of deep wells. In the publication: "Machines and Mechanisms in the Oil Industry", "Nedra" 1976, drawing 1.18, by A.G. Molchanov and V.L.
Chicherov, a description is made of a sucker-rod pumping aggregate consisting of a plunger pump suspended at a string of hollow steel rods joined to each other by removable couplings and contained in the production tubing of the well.
Some known sucker-rod systems contain a string of hollow steel rods joined by removable steel couplings and submerged in liquid but their interior being isolated from the liquid.
The interior of such a hollow steel rod string is used for pumping different technological fluids into the well or to create a second flow conduit for the well fluid when the well is producing simultaneously from two different levels. In both cases the interior conduit of the rod-string is filled with liquid and there is no buoyancy effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to create a sucker-rod system which would have an approximately zero weight when submerged in the well fluid.
Additionally, the reinforced plastic rods stretch under load at least three times more than equivalent steel rods due to their much lower modulus of elasticity.
In case of rupture, their retrieval from the well is much more problematic. It is also to note that the reduction in weight of the rod-string may not be sufficient in case of deep wells. In the publication: "Machines and Mechanisms in the Oil Industry", "Nedra" 1976, drawing 1.18, by A.G. Molchanov and V.L.
Chicherov, a description is made of a sucker-rod pumping aggregate consisting of a plunger pump suspended at a string of hollow steel rods joined to each other by removable couplings and contained in the production tubing of the well.
Some known sucker-rod systems contain a string of hollow steel rods joined by removable steel couplings and submerged in liquid but their interior being isolated from the liquid.
The interior of such a hollow steel rod string is used for pumping different technological fluids into the well or to create a second flow conduit for the well fluid when the well is producing simultaneously from two different levels. In both cases the interior conduit of the rod-string is filled with liquid and there is no buoyancy effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to create a sucker-rod system which would have an approximately zero weight when submerged in the well fluid.
This is assured by employing round section tubes of a lightweight yet strong metal (high strength aluminum alloys, titanium alloys) to form the string of rods connecting the submerged plunger pump to the lifting mechanism on the ground. Each tubular rod is closed hermetically at both ends and is fitted with threaded metal couplings for assembly with neighbor rods. The lower end of each rod is fitted with a gas valve permitting to fill the interior of the rod with a pressurized gas (usually nitrogen). Contrary to solid cross-section rods, hollow rods possess a large interior volume filled with gas of almost zero weight.
Thus the rod can be designed to have zero weight when submerged in the well fluid.
The hermeticity of the interior gas chamber of the rod is assured by special plugs at its ends. These plugs can be part of the end couplings of the rod.
In the case of use in deep wells, where high pressures would compress the rods radially, the gas filling the rod has a pressure partially compensating the external well fluid pressure. To fill the rods with pressurized gas, the lower end of each rod is fitted with a gas valve built into the plug closing the rod.
The valve is built into the lower plug of the rod preferably, so that should the valve fail, gas will remain in the gas chamber (being isolated by the penetrating liquid).
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
What follows is a more detailed description of examples of the invention's applications with references to the drawings in which:
Figure 1 represents a general view of a rod-string system.
Figure 2 represents the joint of hollow rods with removable couplings isolating the gas chambers of each rod.
Figure 3 represents the joint of 2 hollow rods with a central nipple Figure 4 represents one central hollow rod and one upper and one lower hollow rod assembled with indication of the joint plugs fitted with gas valves, additionally protected with covers.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Oil well sucker rod pumping unit contains production tubing 1, plunger pump 2 consisting mainly of cylinder 3 and plunger 4 attached to the string of hollow rods assembled with removable couplings such as nipples shown at 6. The upper rod of the string 7 is attached to the poiished rod 9 which in turn is tied to the lifting mechanism (not shown). The lower, last rod of the string 8 is joined to the plunger of the pump. The string (or column) of production tubing is suspended within the casing forming the walls of the well 10 attached to the head of the well and fitted with an outlet fitting 11 with valve 12. Hollow rods are empty inside and can be filled with a gas or evacuated (using a vacuum pump). The polished rod is provided with a seal 14. The hollow rods are made of a metal of low density, such as high strength aluminium or titanium alloys, and their surface is protected against corrosion. An end cap 15 is used for isolation of each hollow rod 13 from one another (Figure 2).
In order to simplify on-site hollow-rod installation the rods are manufactured as individual assemblies. For this purpose at the ends of hollow-rods 5 adapters 16, Figure 3, are rigidly fixed sealing the interior of the rod and providing the means of assembling the rods with replaceable couplings.
To fill the hollow rods with gas under pressure, a filling valve 17, Figure 4, is fitted with a removable cap.
The proposed sucker-rod pumping unit functions as follows:
The sequential lifting of the hollow-rod string 5 by the lifting mechanism on the ground and lowering it by gravity communicates a back and forth movement to the plunger 4 with the cyiinder 3. This produces sucking-in of the well fluid from the well and pushes it into the column of production tubing 1 through which the fluid is lifted up to the ground and through the fitting 11 moves further.
While being lifted, the hollow sucker-rod column (string) is axially loaded by the weight of the well fluid column and the weight of the rods. When lowered, the load on the string is its own weight alone. Considering the hydraulic resistance of the fluid in contact with the string, the eventual friction in areas of contact between the rods and the production tubing, friction of the plunger within its cylinder etc. some weight at the end of the string of hollow rods maybe necessary in order to assure its downward movement. As practice shows, a weight of 200 to 300 kgs suspended at the low end of the rod string ("heavy end") may be required. Thus, the maximum load stressing the rod string is equivalent to the weight of the fluid column and the "heavy end", plus the dynamic factor. This load is absorbed by the walls of the hollow rods and determines (depending upon the mechanical properties of the material employed to manufacture the rods) their cross section and, consequently, the weight of the rods in air. The exterior diameter of the rods is limited by the necessary cross-section that must be left available within the production tubing for the transport of the well fluid. Given the inside diameter of the production tubing, the necessary annular cross-section for the transport of the well fluid and the calculated minimum cross-section of the hollow rod's material, the internal volume of the rods is determined and thereby the corresponding buoyancy force that will be exerted by the rod's string when submerged in the well fluid.
Considering that the diameter of the well, as a rule, is limited by, among others, economy factors, the buoyancy force of the hollow rods, which depends on the interior volume of the rods (maximum possible diameter of the rods being limited by the size of the production tubing and, consequently, the diameter of the well) will result in most cases being insufficient to counterbalance the weight of the hollow-rod string if steel is used to manufacture the rods. Therefore it is purposeful to use light construction materials to manufacture the rods thus, additionally reducing the weight of the hollow-rod string.
The present invention makes possible to raise the maximum production depth of the sucker-rod pumping aggregate. In such case, in order to avoid collapsing of the hollow rods under high external pressure, the interior of the rods is pressurized with gas under compensating pressure.
Depending on the depth at which the hollow-rods would withstand the external pressure (without internal pressurization) the pressurization value shall vary.
Therefore, at considerable depth of immersion, oniy rods with individually isolated internal volumes may be employed.
The use of the present invention will allow to raise the maximum well depth exploitation with sucker-rod aggregates, reduce the weight of the sucker-rod string to zero (not counting the "heavy end"), load every rod equally (independently of their position along the string, reduce the load on the lifting mechanism reducing its size and mass and eliminate the need (or reduce it) of the counterbalancing of the string of rods. Additionally, the invention allows to retain the advantages derived from use of metals (against synthetic and plastic materials) for the manufacture of sucker-rods.
Thus the rod can be designed to have zero weight when submerged in the well fluid.
The hermeticity of the interior gas chamber of the rod is assured by special plugs at its ends. These plugs can be part of the end couplings of the rod.
In the case of use in deep wells, where high pressures would compress the rods radially, the gas filling the rod has a pressure partially compensating the external well fluid pressure. To fill the rods with pressurized gas, the lower end of each rod is fitted with a gas valve built into the plug closing the rod.
The valve is built into the lower plug of the rod preferably, so that should the valve fail, gas will remain in the gas chamber (being isolated by the penetrating liquid).
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
What follows is a more detailed description of examples of the invention's applications with references to the drawings in which:
Figure 1 represents a general view of a rod-string system.
Figure 2 represents the joint of hollow rods with removable couplings isolating the gas chambers of each rod.
Figure 3 represents the joint of 2 hollow rods with a central nipple Figure 4 represents one central hollow rod and one upper and one lower hollow rod assembled with indication of the joint plugs fitted with gas valves, additionally protected with covers.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Oil well sucker rod pumping unit contains production tubing 1, plunger pump 2 consisting mainly of cylinder 3 and plunger 4 attached to the string of hollow rods assembled with removable couplings such as nipples shown at 6. The upper rod of the string 7 is attached to the poiished rod 9 which in turn is tied to the lifting mechanism (not shown). The lower, last rod of the string 8 is joined to the plunger of the pump. The string (or column) of production tubing is suspended within the casing forming the walls of the well 10 attached to the head of the well and fitted with an outlet fitting 11 with valve 12. Hollow rods are empty inside and can be filled with a gas or evacuated (using a vacuum pump). The polished rod is provided with a seal 14. The hollow rods are made of a metal of low density, such as high strength aluminium or titanium alloys, and their surface is protected against corrosion. An end cap 15 is used for isolation of each hollow rod 13 from one another (Figure 2).
In order to simplify on-site hollow-rod installation the rods are manufactured as individual assemblies. For this purpose at the ends of hollow-rods 5 adapters 16, Figure 3, are rigidly fixed sealing the interior of the rod and providing the means of assembling the rods with replaceable couplings.
To fill the hollow rods with gas under pressure, a filling valve 17, Figure 4, is fitted with a removable cap.
The proposed sucker-rod pumping unit functions as follows:
The sequential lifting of the hollow-rod string 5 by the lifting mechanism on the ground and lowering it by gravity communicates a back and forth movement to the plunger 4 with the cyiinder 3. This produces sucking-in of the well fluid from the well and pushes it into the column of production tubing 1 through which the fluid is lifted up to the ground and through the fitting 11 moves further.
While being lifted, the hollow sucker-rod column (string) is axially loaded by the weight of the well fluid column and the weight of the rods. When lowered, the load on the string is its own weight alone. Considering the hydraulic resistance of the fluid in contact with the string, the eventual friction in areas of contact between the rods and the production tubing, friction of the plunger within its cylinder etc. some weight at the end of the string of hollow rods maybe necessary in order to assure its downward movement. As practice shows, a weight of 200 to 300 kgs suspended at the low end of the rod string ("heavy end") may be required. Thus, the maximum load stressing the rod string is equivalent to the weight of the fluid column and the "heavy end", plus the dynamic factor. This load is absorbed by the walls of the hollow rods and determines (depending upon the mechanical properties of the material employed to manufacture the rods) their cross section and, consequently, the weight of the rods in air. The exterior diameter of the rods is limited by the necessary cross-section that must be left available within the production tubing for the transport of the well fluid. Given the inside diameter of the production tubing, the necessary annular cross-section for the transport of the well fluid and the calculated minimum cross-section of the hollow rod's material, the internal volume of the rods is determined and thereby the corresponding buoyancy force that will be exerted by the rod's string when submerged in the well fluid.
Considering that the diameter of the well, as a rule, is limited by, among others, economy factors, the buoyancy force of the hollow rods, which depends on the interior volume of the rods (maximum possible diameter of the rods being limited by the size of the production tubing and, consequently, the diameter of the well) will result in most cases being insufficient to counterbalance the weight of the hollow-rod string if steel is used to manufacture the rods. Therefore it is purposeful to use light construction materials to manufacture the rods thus, additionally reducing the weight of the hollow-rod string.
The present invention makes possible to raise the maximum production depth of the sucker-rod pumping aggregate. In such case, in order to avoid collapsing of the hollow rods under high external pressure, the interior of the rods is pressurized with gas under compensating pressure.
Depending on the depth at which the hollow-rods would withstand the external pressure (without internal pressurization) the pressurization value shall vary.
Therefore, at considerable depth of immersion, oniy rods with individually isolated internal volumes may be employed.
The use of the present invention will allow to raise the maximum well depth exploitation with sucker-rod aggregates, reduce the weight of the sucker-rod string to zero (not counting the "heavy end"), load every rod equally (independently of their position along the string, reduce the load on the lifting mechanism reducing its size and mass and eliminate the need (or reduce it) of the counterbalancing of the string of rods. Additionally, the invention allows to retain the advantages derived from use of metals (against synthetic and plastic materials) for the manufacture of sucker-rods.
Claims (3)
1. Well sucker-rod pumping unit, containing at the end of the production tubing column a well pump with a plunger moving within a cylinder, the plunger being affixed to the column (or string) of hollow rods, joined to each other with removable couplings, it's main characteristic being that every sucker-rod is hollow inside, its interior chamber being hermetically isolated (enclosed), vacumised, or filled with a gas under pressure and the hollow rods being manufactured from high-strength, light-weight materials, such as aluminum or titanium alloys, their surface being protected from corrosion.
2. The pumping unit of claim No. 1, with the inside of hollow rods provided with affixed hermetically closing plugs at their ends that, at the same time, serve, together with a removable coupling, as joints to assemble the rods between themselves, to form a rod-string (rod column).
3. The pumping unit of claim No. 2, wherein each of its hollow rods is fitted with a gas filling valve installed in the lower plug of the rod and additionally, for maximum hermeticity, provided with a closure cap which is removed when the rod is to be evacuated or filled with gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2003112996 | 2003-05-07 | ||
| RU2003112996/06A RU2235905C1 (en) | 2003-05-07 | 2003-05-07 | Oil-well sucker-rod pumping unit |
| PCT/RU2004/000159 WO2004099618A1 (en) | 2003-05-07 | 2004-04-27 | Downhole sucker-rod pumping plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2565302A1 true CA2565302A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
Family
ID=33433851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002565302A Abandoned CA2565302A1 (en) | 2003-05-07 | 2004-04-27 | Downhole sucker-rod pumping plant |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2565302A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2235905C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004099618A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2550842C1 (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2015-05-20 | Ривенер Мусавирович Габдуллин | Oil-well sucker-rod pumping unit (versions) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0145154A1 (en) * | 1983-10-05 | 1985-06-19 | Texas Forge & Tool Limited | Improvements in or relating to rods |
| GB2163465A (en) * | 1984-08-21 | 1986-02-26 | Timothy John Godfrey Francis | Drill rod for drilling boreholes |
| RU2117132C1 (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-08-10 | Левон Степанович Мирзоян | Pump rod |
| RU2169250C1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-06-20 | Открытое акционерное общество Опытно-экспериментальный завод геофизической аппаратуры "Альтернатива" | Glass-reinforced plastic sucker rod |
-
2003
- 2003-05-07 RU RU2003112996/06A patent/RU2235905C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-04-27 CA CA002565302A patent/CA2565302A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-27 WO PCT/RU2004/000159 patent/WO2004099618A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004099618A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
| RU2235905C1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |